2022年医学专题-第五章-结膜病

第五章

结膜(jiémó)病

Disorderoftheconjunction11/14/20221第一页，共二十七页。第一节细菌性结膜炎

Bacterialconjunctivitis

11/14/20222第二页，共二十七页。一、急性(jíxìng)卡他性结膜炎

Acutecatarrhalconjunctivitis

病因Etiology临床表现Clinicalfindings诊断Diagnosis治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment预防Prevention

11/14/20223第三页，共二十七页。二、慢性(mànxìng)卡他性结膜炎

Chroniccatarrhalconjunctivitis

病因(bìngyīn)

Etiology临床表现Clinicalfindings诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment

11/14/20224第四页，共二十七页。三、淋菌性结膜炎Gonococcalconjunctivitis临床表现Clinicalfindings眼分泌物增多(zēnɡduō)结膜充血ocularsecretionandconjunctivalhyperemia.11/14/20225第五页，共二十七页。治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment首先要查找致病原因，然后针对不同致病原因进行恰当(qiàdàng)治疗。firstofall,itisnecessarytolookforthecause,andthentogivepropermanagementaccordingtodifferentcauses.11/14/20226第六页，共二十七页。第二节衣原体性结膜炎

Chlamydialconjunctivitis

11/14/20227第七页，共二十七页。沙眼(shāyǎn)

Crachoma病因Etiology沙眼衣原体感染(gǎnrǎn)infectionofChlamydiatrachomatis临床表现Clinicalfindings眼分泌物增多，结膜充血，睑结膜乳头增生，上下穹窿部结膜布满滤泡。ocularsecretionandconjunctivalhyperemia.，papillaryhyperplasiainpalpebralconjunctiva,folliclesarefullofupperandlowerfornicalconjunctiva.11/14/20228第八页，共二十七页。后遗症与并发症

Sequelaandcomplication

1、睑内反及倒睫Entropionandtrichiasis2、上睑下垂Blepharoptosis3、睑球粘连Symblepharon4、实质性角结膜干燥症

Parenchymatousxerosisofconjunctiva5、慢性泪囊炎Chronicdacryocysititis6、角膜(jiǎomó)混浊Cornealopacity11/14/20229第九页，共二十七页。治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment包括局部(júbù)用药systemicadministration全身用药及手术治疗operativetreatment.11/14/202210第十页，共二十七页。第三节病毒性结膜炎

Viralconjunctivitis流行性角结膜炎

Epidemickeratocojunctivitis病因(bìngyīn)Etiology病原体是腺病毒Thepathogenisadenovirus.11/14/202211第十一页，共二十七页。临床表现

Clinicalfindings刺激(cìjī)症状显著,自觉有异物感、刺痒、疼痛、畏光和流泪

appearstrongirritatingsymptoms,suchasforeignbodysensation,itching,pain,photophobiaandtearingetc.耳前淋巴结肿大并有压痛preauricularlymphadenectasisandtenderness.同时出现角膜炎症状atthesametime,appearthesymptomofkeratitis11/14/202212第十二页，共二十七页。治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment本病无特效药物thereisnospecificdrugforthedisorder药物治疗(zhìliáo)以局部治疗(zhìliáo)为主mainlydependsontopicaltreatment.11/14/202213第十三页，共二十七页。第六章角膜(jiǎomó)病

Diseaseofthecornea

11/14/202214第十四页，共二十七页。第一节角膜炎症

Cornealinflammation

病因Etiology外源性、内源性、局部蔓延exogenous.endogenous.localspeading诊断(zhěnduàn)

Diagnosis症状实验室检查clinicalfindingslabexaminations11/14/202215第十五页，共二十七页。治疗(zhìliáo)原则

Thetreatmentprinciples

1.

去除病因ridofpathogeniccauses2.

积极控制感染controlinfection3.

增强全身(quánshēn)及局部抵抗力enhancesystemicandlocalresistance4.

促进愈合promotetoheal5.减少瘢痕形成reducescarformation

11/14/202216第十六页，共二十七页。第二节炎症(yánzhèng)

Keratitis

11/14/202217第十七页，共二十七页。细菌性角膜(jiǎomó)溃疡

Bacterialcornealulcer

临床表现Clinicalfindings治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment11/14/202218第十八页，共二十七页。单纯(dānchún)疱疹病毒性角膜炎

Herpessimplekeratitis

临床表现

Clinicalfindings治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment11/14/202219第十九页，共二十七页。蚕蚀性角膜(jiǎomó)溃疡

RodentulcerorMoorenulcer

临床表现Clinicalfindings治疗(zhìliáo)Treatment11/14/202220第二十页，共二十七页。角膜(jiǎomó)软化症

Keratomalacia

临床表现Clinicalfindings治疗(zhìliáo)

Treatment11/14/202221第二十一页，共二十七页。第七章巩膜(gǒngmó)病

Scleraldisorder

11/14/202222第二十二页，共二十七页。第一节概述(ɡàishù)

Generaldescription

原因Thecause1.与多种全身(quánshēn)感染性疾病有关

Relatedtomanysystemicinfectiousdisorders2.

外伤或感染Theinjuryorinfection3.自身免疫性疾病

Autoimmunedesmosis11/14/202223第二十三页，共二十七页。临床(línchuánɡ)特点Clinicalcharacteristic治疗Treatment11/14/202224第二十四页，共二十七页。第二节表层(biǎocéng)巩膜炎

Episcleritis

一．结节性表层(biǎocéng)巩膜炎

Nodularepiscleritis二．周期性表层巩膜炎

Periodicepiscleritis11/14/202225第二十五页，共二十七页。第三节巩膜(gǒngmó)炎

Scleritis

一．前巩膜(gǒngmó)炎Anteriorscleritis二．后巩膜炎Posteriorsclerits三．坏死性巩膜炎Necrotizingsclertis11/14/202226第二十六页，共二十七页。内容(nèiróng)总结第五