【英语】英语英语阅读理解汇编练习题含答案及解析

【英语】英语英语阅读理解汇编练习题含答案及解析一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1.阅读理解PublicholidaysintheUnitedStatesDatesOfficialNamesRemarksJanuary1NewYear'sDayItcelebratesthebeginningoftheyear.Festivitiesincludecountingdowntomidnightontheprecedingnight,NewYear'Eve,evenwithfire-workdisplayandparty.LastMondayMemorialDayIthonorsthenation'swardeadfromtheCivilWaronwards,andmarksthebeginningofthesummerseason.July4IndependenceDayItcelebratesthesigningoftheDeclarationofIndependence(独立宣百)fromBritishrule,alsocalledtheFourthDayofJulyFireworkcelebrationsareheldinmanycitiesthroughoutthenation.FirstMondayinSeptemberLaborDayItcelebratestheachievementsofworkersandthelabormovement;markstheunofficial(非官方的)endofthesummerseason.SecondMondayinOctoberColumbusDayIthonorsColumbus,traditionaldiscovereroftheAmericas.InsomeareasitisSecond,alsoacelebrationofItalianculture.(TraditionallyOctober12).Insomestates,itiscelebratedas"Indigenous(土生的)People'sDay"asacelebrationo'theNativeAmericans,notColumbus.FourthThursdayinNovemberThanks-givingDayTraditionallyitcelebratesthegivingofthanksfortheautumnharvest.raditionallyitincludesthesharingofaturkeydinner.TraditionalstartoftheChristmasandholidayseason.(1)MemorialDayis.onMay30tohonortheGivilWaronlastMondayinMayattheendofthesummerseason(2)WhichdayistohonorthediscovereroftheAmericas?A.LaborDay.B.ColumbusDay.C.ThanksgivingDay.D.IndependenceDay.(3)TraditionallyThanksgivingDayisadayofthankingforA.parents B.god C.theautumn D.theautumnharvestWhichholidayisinSeptember?A.MemorialDay.B.ColumbusDay.C.LaborDay.D.IndependenceDay.【答案】(1)C⑵BDCTOC\o"1-5"\h\z【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个美国节日 。推理题。根据LastMonday和andmarksthebeginningofthesummerseason.可知纪念日在5月份最后一个周一，故选 Co(2)细节题。根据IthonorsColumbus,traditionaldiscovereroftheAmericas. 可知哥伦布日向美洲的发现者致敬，故选 B。33)细节题。根据Traditionallyitcelebratesthegivingofthanksfortheautumnharvest.可知，传统上，它庆祝对秋收的感谢，故选Do(4)细节题。根据FirstMondayinSeptember可知劳工节在九月的第一个星期一 ，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。2.阅读理解ThisistheschooltimetableofClassOne,GradeThree,SunshineSchoolonMonday.8:0010:00amTechnologyInthislesson,studentslearnhowtosurftheInternetsafelyandeffectively.10:00-11;00amDramaDuringthislesson,studentswillhavethechancetoactoutroleswithotherstudents.11:0011:45amPaintingStudentslearnhowtousewatercolorsproperly.Iftheweatherisgood,thelessonmaytakeplaceoutdoors.LUNCH1:00-2:00pmScience(Biologyorchemistry)Studentscanchoosewhichclasstoattend.Inbiologythisweek,studentswilllearnaboutthebonesinhumans.Inchemistry,thesubjectisHowexplosionshappen.2:00-3:45pmSPORTS2:00pmTheory(理论) Studentslearnabouttheskillsusedinacertainsport.Weseerealactionfrompastgamesonvideos.3:00pmPracticeStudentswillplayashortmatchlasting45minutes.Thisweek,thesportsaresoccer(theboys)andvolleyball(forgirls).HomeworkTechnology-theteacherwillgivestudentswebsitestolookup(about20minutes)Drama-studentshavetolearnapartforthenextlesson(30-60minutes)Biology/chemistry-studentshavetowriteareportofthelesson(about40minutes)Whattimedoesthedramalessonbegin?A.At8:00am. B.At10:00am. C.At1:00pm. D.At2:00pm.Howlongdoesthesciencehomeworktake?Atleast90minutes.About20minutes.Morethan60minutes.About40minutes.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetimetable?Studentsalwaystaketheirpaintinglessonsoutsides.Boystudentswillplayashortsoccermatchthisweek.Studentswilluseskillsinrealgamesinthetheorylesson.Studentslearnhowtofixcomputersinthetechnologylesson.【答案】(1)B⑵D(3)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍阳光学校三年级一班的周一上课时间表。(1)细节理解题。根据10:00-11;00am：DramaDuringthislesson,studentswillhavethechancetoactoutroleswithotherstudents.可知戏剧在这节课将在上午10:00开始，故选Bo(2)细节理解题。根据Science(Biologyorchemistry)Studentshavetowriteareportofthelesson(about40minutes).可知科学作业花费大约 40分钟，故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据PracticeStudentswillplayashortmatchlasting45minutes.Thisweek,thesportsaresoccer(theboys)andvolleyball(forgirls).可知实习学生将进行一场持续45分钟的短比赛。本周的运动项目是男孩足球和女孩排球。故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.HarvardBusinessSchoolresearcher,FrancescaGino,hasadifferentidea.Whilemostpeopleseemtothinkthatdressingdifferentlyfromthosearoundyougenerallyhasabadinfluence,shebelievesitcanactuallyhaveapositive(积极的)effect.Andshe'sdoneexperimentstosupportheridea.Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.Dopeoplealwaysviewlessformal(正式的) clothingmorepositively?ResearchersinFrancetooktheirresearchoutintothestreet,tothegeneralpublic.Thevideotheymadeshowsanactordressedinawell-cutsuitandshinyshoes.Whilewalkingalongtheroad,hebeginstocoughbadly,stopstocatchhisbreathandfallsdown.Beforeheevencallsforhelp,peoplerushtohelphim.Inanothervideo,theactorappearsatthesamecrowdedplaceandrepeatstheactionsinexactlythesameway.Butthistime,noonecomestohelp.What'sthedifference?He'swearinguntidyclothesandlookslikeahomelessperson.Inasituationlikethis,theclothesyou'rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Itseemsthatourclothingdoesn'tonlychangethewayothersviewus,butalsothewayweseeourselves.Inanexperimenttestingstudents'abilitytopayattentiontodetails(细节),thegroupwearingwhitelabcoatsdidthebest.Why?Researcherstoldthemthattheywerewearingthedoctors'coats.Theexperimentdidn'tshowwhethersuchinfluenceswouldlastlong.Moreexperimentsareneededinthefuturebeforewedecidetomakethedoctors'coatsamustoffashion.11)MarkZuckerbergisnotconsideredseriousbysomepeoplebecause.A.hedoesnotlistentoothers'advicehesetsupanetworkofvideogameshewearsjeansandaT-shirttoworkheoftenplaysjokesatbusinessmeetingsWhichofthefollowingisGino'sopinionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Itisnecessarytobuyexpensiveclothes.B.Wearinglessformalclothesisinfactgood.C.Itisbadtodressdifferentlyfrompeoplearoundyou.D.Wearingsportsclothesmakesyoulooklessimportant.InParagraph3,thewriterproves(证明)his(her)opinionmainly.bygivingreasonsB.byusingpicturesC.bycomparingfactsD.bylistingnumbers(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Whatwewearmakesadifference.Formalclothingmakesawiseman.Ourvaluedependsonwhatwewear.Ourclothinginfluencesourcharacters.【答案】(1)C⑵BCA【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了衣着对人们的影响。我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.理解可知，Mark穿着牛仔裤与T恤衫参加正式会议，有些人认为他不严肃，故选Co(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes. 理解可知，穿着非正式服装其实挺好的，故选B。(3)理解归纳题。通读第三段我们可以看出，作者通过两个实例来证明人们不一定总是积极地看待不太正式的服装，人们有时还是以 貌”取人，故选Co(4)理解归纳题。通读全文可知，人们的穿着可以对自己或他人产生很大的影响，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。4.阅读理解CompassItwasagreatgifttotheworldfromancientChina.Beforeitwasinvented,sailorshadtodependonthestarstofinddirections.Afteritwasinvented,theoceanswereopentotravel.Andmanynewdiscoveriesweremadewiththehelpofit.GunpowderItwasoneofthegreatestinventions.Itissaidthatinthe3rdcenturyaChinesemanwroteabouthowtomakeit.Atfirst,itwasusedformakingfireworks.AttheendoftheTangDynasty,peoplebegantouseitinwars.ThemethodofmakingitwasspreadthroughoutmostpartsofEurasiabytheendof13thcentury.PapermakingChinawasthefirstcountryintheworldtomakepaper.DuringtheWesternHanDynasty(206BC-9AD),paperwasmadeinsomeplacesinChina,ItwasdevelopedintheEasternHanDynasty(25AD-220AD)byCaiLun.Hemadepaperwithbark,ropes,ragsandsoon.Beforeitwasinvented,theancientChinesecarvedcharactersonanimalbonesandstones.Theyalsowrotethemonbambooandwoodensticks.PrintingItwasdevelopedin1041~1048intheSongDynasty.AmannamedBiShengcarvedcharactersonpiecesofclayandwood.Thenheputinkonthem.Afterthecharacterswereprintedonpaper,thepiecesofclayorwoodcouldbeusedagain.ThistechnologythenspreadtoKorea,JapanandEurope.Itwasthebasicmethodatthattime.Afterthewasinvented,theoceanswereopentotravel.A.compass B.printing C.gunpowder D.paper-makingAtfirst,gunpowderwasusedfor.A.findingdirectionsB.makingfireworksC.carvingcharactersD.writingPrintingwasdevelopedinthe.A.TangDynastyB.SongDynastyC.HanDynastyD.QingDynastyThebesttitleforthereadingmaterialis.TheFourDynastiesofAncientChinaTheFourGreatInventorsofAncientChinaTheFourGreatInventionsofAncientChinaTheFourGreatHistoryCharactersofAncientChina【答案】(1)A⑵BBC【解析】【分析】本文讲述了中国古代的四大发明，指南针，火药，造纸和印刷。细节题。根据compass的信息中Afteritwasinvented,theoceanswereopentotravel可知，指南针发明后，海洋向旅游开放，故选Ao(2)细节题。根据gunpowder的信息中Atfirst,itwasusedformakingfireworks可知，起初，火药被用于制作烟火，故选Bo(3)细节题。根据printing的信息中Itwasdevelopedin1041~1048intheSongDynasty可知，印刷术是在宋朝发展起来的，故选Bo(4)主旨题。根据本文讲述了中国古代的四大发明，指南针，火药，造纸和印刷可知，TheFourGreatInventionsofAncientChina中国古代的四大发明，故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.阅读理解Whatarethebasicingredients（要素）ofgoodmanners?Astrongsenseoffairnessisoneofthem.Afriendoncetoldmeanexperiencethathehad.Whenhewasdrivingalongaone—lane（单行/4路）,unpaved（未铺路的） mountainroad,thecaraheadofhisproducedcloudsofchokingdust（呛人的尘土） ,anditwasalongwaytothenearestpavedmainroad.Suddenly,thecaraheadstoppedatawiderplaceontheroad.Myfriendthoughttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththecarahead.Hestoppedandaskedifanythingwaswrong."No,"saidtheotherdriver."Butyou'veenduredmydustsofar.I'llendureyourstherestoftheway."Anotheringredientisempathy（同情心）.Itmakesapersonseeintothemindorheartofsomeoneelse.RecentlyIhappenedtoreadsuchastoryinabook.Amanwashavingdinneralone,andhewastryingtoopenabottle.Buthefailed.Thenheaskedawaiterforhelp.Thewaitertookthebottle,turnedhisbackandopeneditwithoutdifficulty.Thenthewaitercloseditagainandturnedback.Hepretended（彳所装）tomakeagreatefforttoopenthebottlewithoutsuccess.Finallyhetookitintothekitchenandreturnedverysoon.Hetoldthemanthathemanagedtoopenit,butonlywithatool.Yetanotheringredientistheabilitytotreatpeoplealike(——视同仁).Nomatterwhoheisandwhathedoes,everyoneisworthrespecting.Thedriverinthecaraheadstoppedto.A.repairthecar B.havearest C.asktheway D.letthebackcargoTheunderlinedword"endure"probablymeansinChinese.A.原谅 的忍 C怨 醛责Infactthewaiteropenedthebottle.A.byhimselfeasilyB.withatoolC.withdifficulty D.withoutsuccessThekitchenathomeonthemainroadintherestaurantonthebusystreet⑸Thebesttitleofthepassageis"".TheAbilitytoSolveProblemsTheWaystoHelpOthersTheGoodMannerstoTreatOthersTheEmpathyforStrangers【答案】(1)D⑵BAC⑸C【解析】【分析】本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么。(1)细节理解题。根据"Butyou'veenduredmydustsofar.I'llendureyourstherestoftheway.但到目前为止，你已经忍受了我的灰尘，我会在剩下的路上忍受你的，可知他是想让后面的车先走，故选D。(2)词意猜测题。根据thecaraheadofhisproducedcloudsofchokingdust(呛人的尘士),…"Butyou'veenduredmydustsofar.I'llendureyourstherestoftheway."在他前面的汽车产生了呛人的尘土， ……但是到目前为止你已经 endure了我的灰尘，我将在剩下的路上endure你的，可推知是忍受的意思，故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据Thewaitertookthebottle,turnedhisbackandopeneditwithoutdifficulty.服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了瓶子，故选 A。(4)推断题。根据Amanwashavingdinneralone,.•••Thewaitertookthebottle.一个人独…自吃饭••…服务员拿了瓶子，•…可知是在一家餐厅，故选 Co(5)主旨题。根据Whatarethebasicingredients(要素)ofgoodmanners?良好礼仪的基本要素是什么？可知本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么，故选用 对待别人好的礼仪”为题合适，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6.阅读理解ThankstothehybridricethatwasdiscoveredbyYuanLongping,thehungerproblemofthousandsofChinesepeoplewasmostlyfixedinthe1980s.OnSept8th,Yuan,togetherwithtwootherscientists,wonChina's2018FutureSciencePrize,forhiscontinuousresearchonrice.Evenonhis88thbirthdayonSept7th,hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince.Althoughhewasrecoveringfromanillnessatthetime,hewashappytotalktoreportersabouthislatestworkonseawaterrice.Yuanhasbeenresearchingonricesincehewasatcollege.In1964,hediscoveredanaturalhybridriceplantinHainan.Sincethen,hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh-yield,hybridricevarieties（多样性）.In1973.hebecamethefirsttosuccessfullycultivate（培育） atypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.WiththehardworkofYuan'sgroupforabouttenyears,theproductionofthericewasincreased.（From150kgpermu（亩）to500kgpermuandmore.）ThesevarietiesnowtakeupabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop,accordingtoChinaNews.So,it'snowonderthathe'sknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice".AndbecauseofChina'sBeltandRoad （一带一路）initiative.Yuan'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.Indeed,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,hybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.Witharisingfameallovertheworld,YuangaveaspeechinEnglishatthe9thShandongHigh一LevelTalentsForuminQingdaolastyear.Hisspeechmadehimaninternetsensation.Beginningwith"IspeakbrokenEnglish",his20—minutespeechturnedouttobeahugesuccess,withbarelyanypausesormistakes.ThehumbleYuanwassimplybeingmodestduringhisspeech.Accordingtoanarticlein1999byCNN,thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently."IneverneedaninterpreterwhenIgooverseas,"hetoldtheUSnewsnetwork.Butinspiteofhisgreatknowledge,Yuanunderstandsthateventhewisestpeopleshouldstillbeopentolearnnewthings."Thefarmersofourcountrypossessrichexperienceinplantingrice,"hetoldXinhua."Weshouldlearnfromthem."WherewastheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductionheld?A.Hainan. B.Hunan. C.Shandong. D.Kenya.WhichisthemainreasonthatYuanLongpingisknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice"?Hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh—yield,hybridricevarieties.Hewasthefirsttosuccessfullycultivateatypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.BecauseofYuan'sgroup,theproductionofthericewasincreased.HybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.YuanLongpingcanspeakthefollowinglanguagesEXCEPT?A.Chinese. B.English. C.Russian. D.French.Thepassageismainlyabout.YuanLongpingwonChina's2018FutureSciencePrize.YuanLongping'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.YuanLongpinggotfamearoundtheworld.Thecharacterandcontribution(贡献)ofYuanLongping.【答案】(1)BCDD【解析】【分析】本文介绍了袁隆平和他对农业的贡献。(1)细节题。根据hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince可知，水稻生产国际发展论坛在湖南举行 ，故选B。(2)细节题。根据ThesevarietiesnowtakeupabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop,accordingtoChinaNews.So,it'snowonderthathe'sknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice".据《中国新闻》报道，这些品种现在占中国水稻产量的三分之二。所以，难怪他被称为杂交水稻之父”可知，袁隆平被称为杂交水稻之父”的主要原因是因为水稻产量增加了，故选Co(3)细节题。袁隆平是中国人会汉语，根据 thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently 这位科学家英语和俄语都说得很流利 可知，袁隆平不会讲法语 ，故选Do(4)主旨题。根据本文介绍了袁隆平和他对农业的贡献可知，文章主要介绍 性格和贡献的袁隆平，故选Do【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7.阅读理解Manyenvironmentalgroupsarewarningthatoceansoftheworldareingreatdanger.Inthepast50years,thenumberofwaterwithzerooxygen（氧气）intheopenoceanhasincreasedmorethanfourtimes.Inthenearcoastwaterbodies,includingtherivermouthandseas,low-oxygenareashaveincreasedmorethan10timessince1950.ScientistsdiscoverthatoxygencontinuesdroppingeveroutsidethesezonesastheEarthwarms.Tostopthedrop,theworldneedstocontrolinbothclimatechangeandnutrient（养分）pollution.Oxygenisamusttolifeintheoceans.ThedropinoceanoxygenisamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth'senvironment.Thisisthefirsttimeforthescientiststotakesuchadeeplookatthecauses,resultsandsolutionstolowoxygenworldwide,inboththeopenoceanandthenearcoastwaters.AbouthalfoftheoxygenonEarthcomesfromtheocean.However,mixedeffectsofnutrientloadingandclimatechangearegreatlyincreasingthenumberandsizeof"deadzones"intheopenoceanandthenearcoastwaters,whereoxygenistoolowtosupportmostsealife.Intheareastraditionallycalled"deadzones",likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygendropstolevelssolowthatmanyanimalshavetroubleinbreathinganddie.Asfishesrunawayfromthesezones,theirlivingareasbecomesmallerandsmaller.Buttheproblemgoesfarbeyond"deadzones".Evensmalleroxygendropscanholdupthegrowthinanimalsandleadtodiseaseorevendeath.Lowoxygenalsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicals.Althoughafewanimalscangrowwellindeadzones,overallbiodiversity（多样性）falls.（1）Howtostopthedropofoceanoxygeninthearticle?Bycontrollinginbothclimatechangeandnutrientpollutionaroundtheworld.Bytakingadeeplookatthecauses,resultsandsolutionstolowoxygenworldwide.Byrunningawayfromthesezones,forthelivingareasbecomesmallerandsmaller.Bycuttingdownthenumberofanimalsintheoceans.（2）Whyarethesewaterscalled"deadzones"fromthearticle?Becausetheoxygenintheseareasistoolowformostsealifetolive.Becausenutrientloadingandclimatechangearegreatlyincreasing.Becausetherearenoanimalslivingintheseareas.Becauselowoxygenalsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicals.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?Onlyafewanimalslivingintheseaneedoxygen.Climatechangecanhelpcutdownthedeadzones.Fishesgrowfasterandbetterinlowoxygenareas.Humanactivitieshavemanyseriouseffectsonoceanenvironment.【答案】（1）AAD【解析】【分析】本文是介绍了世界海洋正处于极大的危险之中。（1）细节题。根据 Tostopthedrop,theworldneedstocontrolinbothclimatechangeandnutrient（养分）pollution可知，通过控制全球气候变化和营养污染阻止海洋氧气的下降，故选 A。（2）细节题。根据 likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygendropstolevelssolowthatmanyanimalshavetroubleinbreathinganddie,可知称这些水域为死区”是因为这些地区的氧气太低，大多数海洋生物无法生存 ，故选A。（3）细节题。根据ThedropinoceanoxygenisamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth'senvironment.可知，人类活动对海洋环境有许多严重影响正确 ，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。8.阅读下列短文，从文后每小题 A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。Weknowpeoplecanbenice,butwhataboutanimals?Scientistssaythatsomeanimalsarecapable（有能力的）ofbeingnice.Animalsthatliveingroups-likefoxes,chimpanzees（大猩猩）,andelephants-followrules.Theyhavetofollowrulestogetalongandtosurvive（生存）.However,animalscanactnicely,evenwhentheydon'thaveto.Herearesomesurprisingstoriesaboutanimalbehavior.Mostpeopleusuallywalkawaywhensomeoneisunkindtothem.MarcBekoff,aresearcherattheUniversityofColorado,sawafemale（母的）redfoxdojustthat.Thefemalefoxwasunhappybecauseamale（公的）foxplayedroughly（粗鲁地）withher.Whenshewalkedaway,themalefoxshowedherthathewantedtoplaynicely.Heloweredhisheadandrolledonhisback.Thefemalefoxgavehimanotherchance,andthistime,heplayedmoregently.GezaTelekiisascientistwhostudieschimpanzeesinTanzania.Oneday,Telekihikedfarawayfromhiscampsite.Hedidn'thaveanyfood.Telekiwantedsomefruitfromatree,butthetreewastootall.Ayoungchimpanzeewatchedhimcuriouslyashetriedtogetsomethingtoeat.Thechimpanzeeclimbedthetree,pickedthefruit,andgaveittohim!AnelephantinKenyahurthistrunk（象鼻子）.Heneededhelpbecausehecouldn'tputfoodintohismouth.ResearcherKayhanOstovarwatchedsilently.Hesawthehurtelephantshowhissoretrunktoahealthyelephant.Thehealthyelephantdidn'tneedanymoreinformation.Hetookabushandputitcarefullyintohisnewfriend'smouth.Hippos（河马）andcrocodilesareusuallygoodfriends.Theyhangouttogetherinrivers.ButKarenPaolillo,awildlifeexpertinZimbabwe,sawsomethingsurprising.Oneday,acrocodiletriedtoeatamonkeythatwasnexttoariver.Ahipporanquicklytothecrocodileandchasedit_away.Whydidthehippoattack（攻击）thecrocodile?Paolillosayshippossometimesprotectotheranimalsfromcrocodiles.Themainideaofthepassageis.A.animalsthatliveingroupsfollowrulesB.someanimalscanbenicetootheranimalsC.mostanimalsarenicetopeopleTheunderlinedphrase"dojustthat"means.A.benice B.playroughly C.walkawayWecansaythatTeleki.A.isshort B.hateshiking C.couldnotclimbthetreeTheelephantneededhelpbecause.

A.thetreewastootall B.itcouldnotuseitstrunk C.ithadnofood⑸Theunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.thecrocodile B.thechimpanzee C.themonkey【答案】(1)BCCB⑸A【解析】 【分析】大意：文章主要通过科学家对大猩猩和大象等动物的研究，说明了有些动物是有友善待人/其他动物的能力的。(1)主旨大意题。根据第二段 Scientistssaythatsomeanimalsarecapable(有能力的) ofbeingnice.科学家说，一些动物是能够友善待人 /其他动物的，可知本文的主旨是一些动物是能够友善对待其他动物的。故选 Bo(2)推断题。根据上文 Mostpeopleusuallywalkawaywhensomeoneisunkindtothem.大多数人通常在某人对他们不友好的时候走开，可知划线部分 dojustthat那样做,指的是也走开。故选Cobutthetreewastootall.Teleki不会爬树。故选(象鼻子).butthetreewastootall.Teleki不会爬树。故选(象鼻子).可知，那只BoTeleki想要从树上摘一些水果，但是树太高了，因此我们可以推断Co(4)细节题。根据倒数第二段 AnelephantinKenyahurthistrunk大象需要帮助是因为它的鼻子受伤了，无法把食物放进嘴里。故选(5)推断题。根据Ahipporanquicklytothecrocodileandchaseditaway. 一只河马跑向鳄鱼，并把它赶走，可知it指代的是鳄鱼。故选Ao【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9.阅读理解Barryishavingaverydifficulttimeinhislife.Hiswiferecentlypassedaway.Heisverysad.Barry'sneighbor,averyoldwomannamedGertrude,seeshimfromheryardoneday.Shehasnotseenhimoutsidefordays!"Hello,Barry!Justlookatthisfence.Itisbroken.Youareastrongman,andyouhavesomefreetime.Iwantyoutofixthisfenceforme,"Gertrudesays.Barryisangry.Hethinkstheoldladyisveryselfish.Still,heknowssheisanicewoman,andherespectsher.Heagreestohelpher.Barryworksfordays.Gertrudebringshimlemonadewhileheworks.Whenhefinishes,hesmilesforthefirsttimeinmonths."Youdidsuchawonderfuljob.Doyouthinkyoucouldpaintitforme?"Gertrudesmilesathim.Barrycannotbelievehisears.Doesn'tsheknowhowsadheis?Butbecauseherespectshersomuch,Barryagrees.Heworkshardinthehotsun,butGertrude'slemonadeandencouragementarewonderful.Hefeelsproudofthebeautifulfenceheismaking.Overthenextfewweeks,GertrudekeepsgivingBarryjobs.Heevenrepairsherdoor.AlltheneighborspassbyandtellBarrywhatabeautifuljobhehasdone.Hefinallyrealizesthatshehasneverbeenrude.Sheisreallyverywise.Heknowsthatsimplygettingbusywithsomethingcantakesorrowaway.Hehelpsher,butshetrulysaveshim.WhydoesBarryagreetohelpGertrudetofixthefence?BecausehethinksGertrudeistooold.Becausehehassomefreetime.Becauseheisstrongenough.Becauseherespectsher.BarrydoesalotforGertrude,buthedoesn'tforher.A.repairthedoorB.fixthefenceC.paintthefenceD.buylemonadeWhatdoestheunderlinedword"sorrow"meaninChinese?A.愤怒 睢憾 雄伤 DT悦Fromthetext,wecanlearnthatGertrudeis.A.selfishandrudeB.kindbutrudeC.niceandwiseD.friendlybutselfish【答案】(1)D⑵DCC【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章中介绍了一个叫巴里的男子丧妻，非常难过，他的邻居是一位老太太，为了让他从痛苦中解脱出来，就让巴里为她干一些家务活，通过不断地干活与交流，巴里从悲伤中解脱出来，同时感受到到邻居的爱心与良苦用心。细节理解题。根据Still,heknowssheisanicewoman,andherespectsher.Heagreestohelpheratlast.可知Barry非常敬重这位老太太，故选D。细节理解题。根据Iwantyoutofixthisfenceforme;Doyouthinkyoucouldpaintitforme?以及Heevenhelpsrepairingherdoor.可知Barry为老太太修门，篱笆以及在篱笆上画画，但是没有买柠檬水，故选Do(3)词义推断题。根据Hiswiferecentlypassedaway.Heisverysad.可知Barry很悲伤，但是他的邻居 Gertrude,通过让Barry忙碌起来的方式，让Barry忘记自己的悲痛，因此sorrow意为悲伤”故选C。(4)理解归纳题。由文章内容可知 Gertrude是一个友善明智的人。故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的(A、B、C和D)四个选项中选出最佳选项。Whenamanwaswalkingbysomeelephants,hesuddenlystoppedHewonderedwhythesehugeanimalswerebeingheldonlybyasmallropetiedtotheirfrontlegs.Nochains,nocages.Itwasclearthattheelephantscouldbreaktheropeatanytime,butforsonicreason,theydidnot.Hesawatrainernearbyandaskedwhytheanimalsjuststoodthereanddidn'ttrytogetaway."Well,"thetrainersaid,"whentheywereveryyoungandmuchsmaller,weusedthesameropetokeepthemfromrunningaway.Atthatage,it'senoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree."Themanwassurprised.Theseanimalscouldbreakfleewhenevertheywanted,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,theywerestuckrightwheretheywere.Howmanyofusgothroughlifeliketheelephants-holdingontothebeliefthatwecannotdosomethingsimplybecausewefailedatitoncebefore?Failureisapartoflearning.Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.Sodon'tbeafraidoffailureandkeepontrying.Whydidtheelephan