(北京专用)中考英语复习专题十二阅读表达(试卷部分)课课件

Passage1(2018北京)Whenitcomestothelettergradeonyourtestorhomework,youmightnoticethatthereisnoletter

E.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhythatisso?A组2014-2018年北京中考题组五年中考Passage1(2018北京)A组2014-20181IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,thefirstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassing

grades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail”.Theword“fail”happenstostartwiththe

letterF,whichseemstoleaveouttheletterE.Thefactofthematteristhatanylettercanmean

“not-passing”or“fail”.SomeschoolshaveUgradefor“unsatisfactory”,orIgradefor

“incomplete”.Evenwithallthissaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactuallyhasbeenusedprettycom-

monlythroughoutthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMount

HolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale:A:95%—100%(excellent)B:85%—94%(good)C:76%—84%(fair)D:75%(barelypassed)E:below75%(failed)WecanseetheinclusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,thelettergradingsystembecamemorepopularthroughouttheUS.However,manyIntheA,B,C,DandFgradin2schoolsdecidedtodroptheEgradeandgostraighttoF.Thereisnoevidence(证据)toreallysup-

portthis,butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparents

mightmistakeEfor“excellent”.Whydowehavelettergrades?Well,partofthereasonisthattheymadegradingsimplerduringa

timeofgreatchangeforschools.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanincreaseinim-

migrationledtolargerschoolclassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergrad-

ingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethatlettergradesdon'tfullyreflect(反映)studentlearning.

However,asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavortheletter

gradestheygotaskids.Theyarefamiliar(熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhilethey

mightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyaren'tgoingawayanytimesoon.1.WhatdoesanFstandforintheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem?

schoolsdecidedtodroptheE32.WhenwasthelettergradingsystemfirstusedintheUScollege?

3.WhatisonepossibleexplanationfordroppingtheEgrade?

4.Whatdidmostteachersthinkofthelettergradingsysteminthe20thcentury?

5.Whydomanyparentsstillpreferthelettergradestoday?

2.Whenwasthelettergrading4答案[语篇解读]本文介绍了英文字母等级评价体系的历史发展进程,作者在文中讲述了字母E这

一等级缺失的历史渊源。1.Itstandsfor“fail”.根据第二段第二句话可知答案。2.Itwasfirstusedin1897.根据第四段可知答案。3.TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.根

据第六段第三句话的后半部分可知答案。4.Theythoughtitwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.根据第七段的最后一句话可知答案。5.Becausetheyarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand.根据文章最后一段的第三句话

可知答案。长难句ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayis

MountHolyokeCollege.在美国第一所采用像我们今天使用的字母评分系统的学院是Mount

HolyokeCollege。答案5这是一个主从复合句,“theones”由后面的省略了关系代词that的定语从句“weusetoday”

修饰。主句谓语动词是系动词“is”,表语是“MountHolyokeCollege”。重点词汇failv.失败,不及格,倒闭;explanationn.解释,说明;familiaradj.熟悉的;excellentadj.

优秀的,卓越的,杰出的;scalen.规模,比例,级别词汇积累unsatisfactoryadj.不能令人满意的;evidencen.证据;reflectv.反映;leaveout遗漏,省

略,忽略,未提及这是一个主从复合句,“theones”由后面的省略了关系6Passage2(2017北京)What'sinaName?ManyAmericannamescomefromEngland.ButwheredidmostEnglishnamescomefrom?Centuriesago,mostpeopleinEnglandhadonlyonename—theirfirstname.Inthe11thcentury,

fiveorsixofthe50peopleinavillagemightbenamedWilliam,anditwaseasytogetconfused.

ButintheMiddleAges,peoplefoundawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly.Iftherewerefour

Williamsinonevillage,onemightbereferredtoasWilliamthesonofJohn.Asecondmightbe

calledWilliamfromthehill.Athird,Williamtheblacksmith(铁匠).Andafourth,Williamthebrownhaired.Inconversation,peoplemightrefertothefourWilliamsasWilliamJohn'sson,

Williamhill,Williamsmith,andWilliambrown.Itwas300or400yearsbeforetheseextra(附加的)namesgraduallydevelopedintolastnames,or

surnames.Theywerepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Bythe1300s,Robert,thesonof

Williamsmith,hadthenameRobertsmith,evenifhewasnotablacksmithlikehisfather.Asthe

lastnamebecamewidelyaccepted,thefirstletterwascapitalized,asinRobertSmith.Bythe15th

century,mostpeopleoftheupperandmiddleclasseshadsurnames.Passage2(2017北京)7Manysurnameswerebasedonfather-sonrelations.The“sonof”partwasaddedtothefather's

firstname,likeJohnson,meaningJohn'sson.Sometimesitwasshortenedtojust“s”,asinJones

orEvans.SurnameslikeHilldescribedtheplacewhereapersonlived.Theyarethemostcommon

typeofsurname.Athirdkindofsurnamewasbasedonaperson'sjob.Foresterwassomeonewho

lookedaftertheforest.IntheMiddleAges,occupationnamessuchasBaker,Carpenter,and

Millerbecamecommon.Thefourthkindofsurnamewasanickname(绰号).Amanwhosesur-

namewasBearmightbeasfierceasabear.Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomesurnamesaresocommon?Themostcommonsurnameinthe

EnglishlanguageisSmith.Beingabletomakemetals(金属)intotoolswasanimportantskillinthe

MiddleAges,andmanypeopleweretrainedasblacksmiths.ThemostcommonAmericansur-

namesareSmith,Johnson,Williams,andBrown.1.WheredomanyAmericannamescomefrom?

Manysurnameswerebasedonfa8

2.Whendidpeoplefindawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly?

3.Howlongdidittakeforextranamestodevelopintolastnames?

4.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

5.WhyweremanypeopletrainedasblacksmithsintheMiddleAges?

2.Whendidpeoplefindaway9答案[语篇解读]本文介绍了英国姓氏的历史,包括英国姓氏出现的历史阶段和不同姓氏的来

历。1.TheycomefromEngland.根据第一段第一句可知答案。2.IntheMiddleAges.根据第二段第三句可知答案。3.Ittook300or400years.根据第三段第一句可知答案。4.Itismainlyaboutdifferentkindsofsurnames.通读第四段可知答案。5.Becauseitwasanimportantskilltomakemetalsintotools.根据最后一段第三句可知答案。答案10OnNovember30,1906,GeorgeBidderdroppedabottlefromaboatintotheNorthSea.The

weightedglassbottlesankalmosttotheseafloor,andthenitmovedslowlyfor108yearsand138

days.ItsjourneyendedwhenMarianneWinklerfoundthebottlein2015.Winklerwasthenonvacation

onAmrumIsland.Shepickedupthebottlewhenitwaswashedupontothebeach.Shesawapiece

ofpaperinside,butdidn'tbreakitopen.Shecouldtellthatthebottlewasold,soshedidn'twantPassage3(2016北京)A108-year-oldMessageinaBottleOnNovember30,1906,GeorgeB11todamageit.Finallyshegotthepieceofpaperoutofthebottle.Shefoundthatthepaperwasactuallyapost-

card.Onthebackofthecardtherewasthismessage:TheMarineBiologicalAssociation(海洋生

物学协会)wouldpayashilling(先令)forthebottle.Ashillingwasaunitofmoneythatwasused

inGreatBritainbeforetheearly1970s.Winklerfilledoutthecardandpostedit.Theassociationwassurprisedtogetapostcardaddressed

toGeorgeBidder,thepresidentoftheassociationfrom1939to1945.Theworkersoftheassocia-

tionsearchedontheInternettofindashilling.TheyfoundoneandsentittoWinklerasareward.Themessageinthebottlewastheoldesteverre-discovered.ForthisreasonMarianneWinklergot

aplacein“GuinnessWorldRecords”(吉尼斯世界纪录).Shebroketherecordfortheoldest

messageinabottle.Winkler'sbottlewasnottheonlyoneBiddersenttosea.Between1904and1906,hesentaway

morethanonethousandbottles.Heplacedpostcardsinsidethem.Thebottleswerepartofare-

searchprojecttomapcurrents(洋流)intheNorthSea.Thiswasthebestmethodatthattime.Buttodamageit.12whethertheassociationcouldgetthebottlesbackdependedonthepeoplewhofoundthem.The

associationreportedthatabout55percentofthebottleswerereturned.Theyaddedthattheexper-

imentwasasuccessasitshowedtheeast-to-westflowoftheNorthSea'scurrents.1.Howlongdidtheweightedglassbottlemoveinthesea?

2.DidMarianneWinklerfindthebottlein2015?

3.Whatwasinthebottle?

4.WhowasGeorgeBidder?

5.WhydidBidderdropbottlesintothesea?

whethertheassociationcould13答案[语篇解读]本文介绍了一个玻璃瓶。这个瓶子在1906年被GeorgeBidder投进北海,在2015

年被发现,瓶子里装着一张明信片,内容是海洋生物学协会将会为这个瓶子支付一先令。这个

瓶子里的信息收录到了吉尼斯世界纪录,是被重新发现的最古老的信息。1.For108yearsand138days.本题问“瓶子在海里漂流了多久?”由文章第一段最后一句可

知答案。2.Yes,shedid.由文章第二段第一句可知答案。3.Apostcard.本题问的是:瓶子里有什么?由文章第三段第二句可知答案。4.Thepresidentoftheassociationfrom1939to1945.本题问的是:GeorgeBidder是谁?由文章

第四段第二句可知答案。5.BecausehewantedtomapcurrentsintheNorthSea.此题问的是:Bidder为什么把瓶子扔到

海里?读文章最后一段第四句可知。深度解析本文难度较低,考查对细节的掌握。考生需要明确掌握一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

的用法,熟悉“howlong,what,who,why”等特殊疑问词(组)的含义和回答方式,并且能够抓住题干中的关键词,联系上下文锁定原文细节信息。答案14ThanksgivingisalwaysonaThursday.ThedayafterithasbeenknownasBlackFriday.ItisthePassage4(2015北京)BlackFridayThanksgivingisalwaysonaTh15startoftheholidayshoppingseason,andithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyearintheUS

since2005.MoststoresofferbigsalesonBlackFriday.Theyopentheirdoorsquiteearlyinthemorning.They

trytoattractshopperswithbigdiscounts(打折).Someitems(商品)likeTVsandclothesaremuch

cheaperthanusual.Storesmayevenlosemoneyontheseitems.Theyhopethatshopperswillbuy

giftsforotherpeoplewhiletheyareinthestore.BlackFridayisagreattimetogoshopping.However,thereareproblems.Thebiggestoneisthat

therearenotenoughlow-priceditems.Eachstoremayonlyhaveafew.Theseitemsareingreat

need,sopeoplestandinlonglinestogetthem.Theymaywaitthreetofourhoursbeforeastore

opens.TheymaybehopingtogetalowpriceonaTVorcomputer,butnoteverybodycangetone.

Somepeopleleave,disappointed.Thesituationmakespeopleworried.SomeBlackFridayeventshavebeencrazy.Therehavebeen

fightsovertoysamongshoppers.Someworkershaveevenbeenhurtbylargecrowds.Butmost

BlackFridayeventsaresafeandfun.Still,ifyouplantogo,youwillexpectlargecrowdsandabitstartoftheholidayshopping16ofpushing.Sowheredoesthename“BlackFriday”comefrom?ItwasfirstusedinPhiladelphiainthe1950s.

ThepolicecalledthisdayBlackFridaybecauseoftheheavytrafficitcaused.Inthe1960s,stores

triedtorenametheday“BigFriday”.Itdidnotstick.Thename“BlackFriday”continuedto

spreadacrossthecountry.Itseemsthatitisheretostay.NowpeoplealloverthecountrytakepartinBlackFridayevents.Itisevenspreadingtootherparts

oftheworld.StoreshaveheldBlackFridayeventsintheUK,Australia,andBrazilsince2012.In

Mexico,storesofferaweekendofdiscountseveryyear.Theycallit“ElBuenFin”,whichmeans

“thegoodweekend”inSpanish.Iguesspeopleeverywhereliketobuythingsonsale.1.IsBlackFridaythestartoftheholidayshoppingseason?

2.WhatisthebiggestproblemwithBlackFriday?

ofpushing.173.Howlongmaypeoplehavetowaitbeforeastoreopens?

4.Wherewasthename“BlackFriday”firstusedinthe1950s?

5.WhydopeoplelikegoingshoppingonBlackFriday?

3.Howlongmaypeoplehaveto18答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,介绍了众所周知的“黑色星期五”。1.Yes,itis.由文章第一段第三句可知。2.Therearenotenoughlow-priceditems.由文章第三段第三句可知。3.Threetofourhours.由文章第三段倒数第三句可知答案。4.InPhiladelphia.由文章第五段第二句可知答案。5.BecausepeoplecanbuythingsonsaleonBlackFriday.通读全文后可知文章介绍了黑色星

期五当天是购物的好时候,是人们喜欢的一天,因为商场有优惠,所以综合第二段和第三段的第

一句可知答案。深度解析本文前四道试题主要考查考生对文章细节的把握,最后一题较复杂。回答前四道

试题时需要掌握一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的回答方法,通过关键词回归原文寻找答案,其中第

2题注意原文中第三段的“Thebiggestone”即“Thebiggestproblem”。第5题要关注第二段

和第三段的首尾关键句,要确保回答完整准确。答案19Passage5(2014北京)根据短文内容回答问题。AlmosteverykidinthiscountryhasevereatenHersheychocolate.ButdoyouknowthattheHer-

sheychocolatefactoryismorethanonehundredyearsold?Anddoyouknowthatthefatherof

HersheyChocolate,MiltonHershey,hadmanyfailuresinbusinessbeforehestartedhisfamous

company?MiltonHersheygrewupinPennsylvania.Beforehebecameinterestedinmakingchocolate,he

workedasaprinterforasmallnewspaperatfirst,andthendecidedthatprintingwasnottheright

jobforhim.ThenheworkedatacandyfactoryinLancaster.Afterworkingafewyearsthere,hedecidedto

openhisownlittlecandybusinessnearPhiladelphia.Hisfirstbusinessfailedbecauseitwasnot

makingmoney.Afterthat,hewenttoDenvertolearnhowtomakecaramels(焦糖).Hetookhisnew

skillsbacktoNewYorkandworkedsellingcandiesonthestreet.Buthissecondbusinessalso

failed.Finally,MiltonHersheymovedbacktoPennsylvaniawherehegrewup.HethenexperimentedwithPassage5(2014北京)20allsortsofdifferentcandiesandchocolates.By1893hewassellingamilliondollars'worthof

caramelcandyeachyear.Sincehischocolate-flavored(巧克力味的)caramelswerethebestseller,

hedecidedtomakechocolatehimself.Byexperimenting,MiltonHersheydiscoveredhowtomakedeliciouschocolate.Theareawherehe

livedhadalargeandeasysupplyofmilkandsugar,whichhelpedhimsucceedinhischocolate

business.In1903,MiltonHersheybuiltahugechocolatefactoryandatowntogowithit.Today,thetownofHersheyisstillthehomeofthefactorythatMiltonHersheybuilt.Andifyouev-

ervisitit,youcansmelldeliciouschocolatesmellsjustbydrivingthroughthetown.Thefactoryisnotsohardtofind.JusttraveldownCocoaAvenueuntilyougettoEastChocolate

Avenue.Turnrightatthetrafficlightsandjustfollowyournose.1.WhoisthefatherofHersheyChocolate?

2.Wheredidhegrowup?

allsortsofdifferentcandie213.WhydidhegotoDenver?

4.Whydidhedecidetomakechocolatehimself?

5.WhatmightbethereasonsforHershey'ssuccessinhischocolatebusiness?

3.WhydidhegotoDenver?22答案[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了好时巧克力之父MiltonHershey艰难创业的经历。1.MiltonHershey.从第一段最后一句可知好时巧克力之父是MiltonHershey。2.InPennsylvania.从第二段第一句可知他是在Pennsylvania长大的。3.Tolearnhowtomakecaramels.从第三段第四句可知他去Denver的目的是学习怎样做焦

糖。4.Becausehischocolate-flavoredcaramelswerethebestseller.从第四段最后一句since引导的

原因状语从句可知他为什么决定自己做巧克力。5.Hekepttryingandusedalargeandeasysupplyofmilkandsugar.根据全文内容尤其第五段第

二句可知他成功的原因。长难句Theareawherehelivedhadalargeandeasysupplyofmilkandsugar,whichhelpedhim

succeedinhischocolatebusiness.他居住的地区有着丰富且方便的牛奶和糖的供给,这帮助了

他在他的巧克力生意上获得成功。此句为复合句。wherehelived为定语从句,修饰先行词thearea;whichhelpedhimsucceedinhischocolatebusiness也为定语从句,先行词为前面的句子。答案23题组一

Passage1(2018湖南衡阳,C)阅读下面的短文,并根据短文内容回答所提问题。Mr.GuoisateacherfromXi'an.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQR

code(二维码).“Wespentanhourortwoinclasslearninghowtogenerate(使产生)thecodes,and

intheendeverythinggetseasier,”saidGuo.“Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepit

onWeChat.Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittome.SoIcanchecktheir

workanywhereusingmycomputerortelephone.”TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Guobyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenGuoscans(扫描)hisstu-

dents'QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbecomes

morecreative,withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Guo'sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.

Manystudentsliketoworkwithcomputers,whichmakeslearningmorefun,”saidTingting,aB组2014-2018年全国中考题组题组一

B组2014-2018年全国中考题组24studentofGuo's.“Thepaperisnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare,”Guosaid.“Itisworth

tryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon'twantmy

studentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtime

oncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.Butinfact,it'sunnecessary.Students

stillneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.They

onlyusethecodeswhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn'ttakethemtoomuchtime.Alsofor

teachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents'workatanytime.Andit'salsoaneasywayto

sharehomeworkwithotherstudents.1.Accordingtothepassage,Guo'sstudentscankeeptheirhomeworkonWeChat,can'tthey?

2.HowcantheQRcodesbesenttoMr.Guo?

studentofGuo's.253.Whatisoneoftheadvantagesofthenewwayofhandinginhomework?

4.Whatdosomeparentsworryabout?

5.Whatdoyouthinkofthenewwayofhandinginhomework?

3.Whatisoneoftheadvantage26答案[语篇解读]本文讲述郭老师让学生用二维码提交作业,使得师生共同受益的故事。1.Yes,theycan.根据第一段中的Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat可

知当学生完成作业时,他们将其保留在微信上。2.Byemail,QQandWeChat.由第二段中的TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Guobyemail,QQ

andWeChat可知二维码可以通过电子邮件、QQ和微信传给老师。3.Theteachercancheckthehomeworkanywhereatanytime./Thecodeiseasytokeepandshare.

由第一段最后一句中的Icanchecktheirworkanywhere或第四段第一句中的thecodeiseasy

tokeepandshare可知老师能用电脑或电话随时批改作业,而且二维码容易保存和分享。4.Theyworrytheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicating

withteachers.由文章第五段第二句话Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuch

timeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.可知父母担心孩子用电脑的时间

太长,与老师的交流减少。5.Itisinteresting/useful/helpful.该题为开放式的问题,言之有理即可。答案27长难句Theyonlyusethecodeswhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn'ttakethemtoo

muchtime.他们只需要在交作业时使用二维码,这并不会花费他们太多时间。该句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。which引导的是非限制性定语从句。重点词汇creativeadj.有创造力的;communicatev.交流;handin上交;infact事实上长难句Theyonlyusethecodeswh28Passage2(2018吉林,F)Aliceisacollegestudentandinherinternship(实习期)now.Lastmonth,sheboughtascarf

whichshereallyliked.Itcosthermorethan50dollars.It'snotcheap,butitmadeherhappy,be-

causeshehaddreamedofhavingoneforalongtime.Everymorning,whensheputsonhernewscarf,shefeelssohappythatitseemsthewholedayis

fullofhope.Alicehasbeenusedtorewarding(奖励)herselfthroughshopping.Thishobbyalso

driveshertoworkhardandmakesherlifekeepgettingbetter.Buthermother,Mrs.Millerthinksquitedifferently.WhenMrs.MillerknewthepriceofAlice's

newscarf,theystartedtoarguewitheachotherandtheargument(争执)lastedforalmostawhole

day.Hermotherthoughtthatsheshouldn'tspendsomuchmoneyonit,whileAlicethoughthermotherdidn'tunderstandheratall.ButAlicedidn'tknowthathermother'slifewasveryhard.WhenMrs.Millerwasveryyoung,

shecouldnotfindenoughclothestowearinwinter.Sheneededtolearnhowtospendeverypenny

(便士,货币单位)asifitweretwosothatshecouldsurvive(生存).Passage2(2018吉林,F)29It'sjustnaturalthattwopeoplecan'tunderstandeachotherbecausetheyhavedifferentexperi-

ences.Then,howcanwechangethesituation?Trytobepatientwiththepeoplearoundyou.Tryto

gettoknowthem.Andtrytostandintheirshoes.IfAlicefollowstheadvice,Ithinkshewillget

onwellwithhermother.根据短文内容,回答下列问题。1.HowmuchdidthescarfcostAlice?

2.HowhasAlicebeenusedtorewardingherself?

3.WhendidMrs.MillerstarttoarguewithAlice?

4.DidAlice'smotherhaveaneasylifewhenshewasyoung?

5.HowmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveAlice?

It'sjustnaturalthattwopeo30答案[语篇解读]母女俩因生活观念不同发生争执,本文通过这个故事来说明遇到这种情况要有

耐心、要及时沟通以及要换位思考,这样才会和谐相处。1.Morethanfiftydollars./Morethan50dollars./Shepaidmorethan50dollarsforit./Itcosther

morethan50dollars./Shespentmorethan50dollarson/buyingit.(少morethan扣0.5分)根据第

一段第三句Itcosthermorethan50dollars.可以得出答案。2.Through/Byshopping./Alice/Shehasbeenusedtorewardingherselfthrough/byshopping./Alice/

Shehasbeenusedtorewardingherselfthrough/bybuyingthings.根据第二段第二句可以得出

答案。3.WhenMrs.Miller/hermotherknewtheprice(ofhernewscarf)./WhenMrs.Miller/hermother

knewhowmuchthenewscarfcost./WhenMrs.Miller/hermotherknewwhatthepriceofthenew

scarfwas.根据第三段第二句中的WhenMrs.MillerknewthepriceofAlice'snewscarf,they

startedtoarguewitheachother可以得出答案。4.No./No,shedidn't.根据第四段可以得出她妈妈年轻时生活很困难。答案315.Three./3./Threepiecesofadvice./ThewritergivesAlice/herthreepiecesofadvice.根据最后

一段可以得出答案。长难句Sheneededtolearnhowtospendeverypennyasifitweretwosothatshecouldsurvive.

她需要学会如何把每一便士掰成两半来花,以便生存下去。sothat引导目的状语从句。重点词汇dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事;drivesb.todosth.驱使某人做某事;bepatientwith对

……有耐心;standinone'sshoes设身处地为某人着想;getonwellwith...与……友好相处5.Three./3./Threepiecesofad32①Nowadays,wecanseethesceneeverywhereinthelife:insubways,restaurants,roads,people

arewatchingtheirmobilephones.Fromfamilyreuniontodatingwithafriend,peoplecouldn't

stopcheckingtheirTwitter,WeChat,Facebookonthemobilephonesandsnubbing(忽视)theper-

sonsinfrontcompletely.Phubbing(低头症)influencesnotonlytheyoungpeople,butalsotheold

andeventhekids.“Phubbing”isanewwordwhichcomesfromthewords“phone”and“snub”.Itdescribes

thehabitofsnubbingsomeoneinfavorofamobilephone.②因为玩手机,更多的人变得沉默。Passage3(2018甘肃兰州,六)阅读下面的短文,按要求完成后面的小题。Doyoucheckyourmobilephoneoften?Doyoufeelanxiousifyourmobilephoneisnotwith

you?WhenthereisnoWiFiorsignalforyourmobilephone,willyougetnervous?Ifyousayyes,

thenyou'vegotaddiction(上瘾)tomobilephones.①Nowadays,wecanseethescen33Theydonothingbutbowtoplaymobilephones.③time,spend,too,they,phones,much,the,on(.)

Andtheydon'thavetimetocommunicatewithpersonsinreallife.Ifwekeepplayingwithphoneswhenwearewithourfriendsorfamily,wewillspendlesstime

talkingtothem.Infact,theyneedanddeservetobecaredfor.Letusputdownthecellphonesandenjoythenature,thefood,thebooksandallthebeautiful

thingsandpersonsaroundus.1.将文中①处画线句子翻译成汉语。

2.将文中②处画线句子翻译成英语。

3.Wheredoestheword“phubbing”comefrom?

4.将文中③处画线内容,连词成句,题中标点已给出。

5.Whatadvicedoesthewritergivetothepeoplewhohave“phubbing”?

Theydonothingbutbowtopla34答案[语篇解读]如今,低头看手机的现象随处可见,本文介绍了这种现象及其危害,并呼吁人们放

下手机。1.当今在生活中,我们到处可以看到这种情景:在地铁上、餐厅里、马路上,人们都在看他们的

手机。2.Becauseofplayingphones(cellphones/mobilephones),morepeoplebecomesilent.或Morepeo-

plebecomesilentbecausetheyplayphones(cellphones/mobilephones).3.Itcomesfromthewords“phone”and“snub”.4.Theyspendtoomuchtimeonthephones.5.Theyshouldputdownthecellphonesandenjoythenature,thefood,thebooksandallthebeau-

tifulthingsandpersonsaroundthem.长难句Fromfamilyreuniontodatingwithafriend,peoplecouldn'tstopcheckingtheirTwitter,

WeChat,Facebookonthemobilephonesandsnubbingthepersonsinfrontcompletely.从家庭聚

会到跟朋友约会,人们停不下来在手机上查看推特、微信、脸书,完全忽视了眼前的人。答案35本句为简单句,and连接两个动名词短语作stop的宾语。介词短语from...to...作状语;stopdoing

sth.停止做某事。重点词汇checkv.查看;signaln.信号;influencev.影响词汇积累addictionn.瘾本句为简单句,and连接两个动名词短语作stop的宾语。介词36Therewasonceanoldanddeepwell.Peoplegotwaterbydroppingabucket(木桶)tiedtoa

rope.Theropepassedoverawheeljustabovethewell.Ontheothersideoftheropewasanother

bucket.Astrongpullbroughtonebuckettothetopwhiletheotherdowntothewater.Theyalwayspassed

eachotheronthewayupanddown,butneverhadtimetospeak.Atlast,theropebecameworn.Soanewropehadtobeputinitsplace.Whilethiswasbeingdone,

thetwobucketswereleftstandingtogethernearthewell.题组二

Passage1(2017安徽,E)Therewasonceanoldandde37“Whataboringlifewehave!”saidonebuckettotheother.“Iamquitetiredofit.Nomatter

howfullwecomeup,wearealwayssentdownempty.”Buttheotherbucketlaughedandsaid,“Whatafunnywayyouhaveoflookingatthings!Don't

youseethatwheneverwearesentdownempty,wealwayscomeupfull?”Boysandgirlssometimestalklikethesetwobuckets.Youmayhearoneofthemsay,“Justaswe

arehavingagoodgame,wearemadetostopandgotoworkagain.”“Yes,”theotherwillre-

ply,“butassoonasworkisover,wealwaysgettogooutandhavefunagain.”Therearetwowaysoflookingatthings.Ifyouwanttobehappy,lookatthebrightside.1.Whatwerethebucketstiedto?(不超过10个词)

2.Wheredidthetwobucketstalkwitheachother?(不超过10个词)

3.Whatdoesthestorytellus?(不超过15个词)

“Whataboringlifewehave!”38答案[语篇解读]本文是记叙文,讲述了用来打井水的两只水桶从不同的角度看待自己的工作的

故事。文章告诉我们要用积极乐观的态度看待问题。1.Arope./Theyweretiedtoarope.根据第一段第二句Peoplegotwaterbydroppingabucket(木

桶)tiedtoarope.可知,可以简短回答Arope.或完整回答Theyweretiedtoarope.2.Nearthewell./Theytalkedwitheachothernearthewell.根据第三段最后一句的thetwo

bucketswereleftstandingtogethernearthewell可知,可以简短回答Nearthewell.或完整回答

Theytalkedwitheachothernearthewell.3.Ifwewanttobehappy,weshouldlookatthebrightsideofthings.最后一段Therearetwo

waysoflookingatthings.Ifyouwanttobehappy,lookatthebrightside.意为:有两种看待事物

的方式。如果你想要开心,就用积极乐观的方式看待事物。这就是文章的主旨句。因为要求

不超过15个词,所以改编成:Ifwewanttobehappy,weshouldlookatthebrightsideofthings.长难句“Yes,”theotherwillreply,“butassoonasworkisover,wealwaysgettogooutand

havefunagain.”“是的,”另一个将回答,“但是工作一结束,我们总是又可以出去玩。”本句为复合句。assoonasworkisover是时间状语从句。答案39Passage2(2017吉林,F)Oneday,ababysnail(蜗牛)foundthathehadtocarryabigandheavyshellatanytime.Hewas

confused(困惑的),sohewentuptohismotherandasked,“WhywasIbornwithashellthatgrew

sohardandheavy?”Hismothersaid,“Becausewedon'thave