考研考博-英语-包头职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-包头职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

I’msureyou’llagreethatwhenapersonisasambitiousasLiFei,noonecanstophimtoachievehiscareerobjectives.

问题1选项

A.you’llagreethat

B.whenaperson

C.can

D.toachieve

E.没有问题

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语误用。toachieve改为fromachieving。stopsb.todosth.让某人停下来去做另一件事。stopsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事。这里表示"阻止他实现职业目标"。

2.单选题

Theheatinsummerisnoless（）hereinthismountainregion.

问题1选项

A.concentrated

B.extensive

C.intense

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项concentrated“集中的；浓缩的；全神贯注的”；B选项extensive“广泛的；大量的；广阔的”；C选项intense“强烈的；紧张的；非常的；热情的”；D选项intensive“加强的；集中的”。由本句主语“Theheatinsummer”（夏天的炎热）后接noless（不相上下）可知此处的意思应与强烈的对应，表示夏天的炎热程度。句意：在这片山区，夏季的酷暑同样强烈。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Theadvertisementsaysthismaterialdoesn’tinthewash,butithas（

）.

问题1选项

A.contract

B.shrink

C.slim

D.dissolve

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。contract缩短，感染；shrink收缩，缩水；slim使苗条；dissolve溶解，解散，消失。

句意：.广告上说这种料子洗的时候不会缩水，但它确实缩水了。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

People’sattitudetowardsdrugsvariesfrompersontoperson.Some__51__themasmiraculous;othersthinkofthemasdangerous.Thenwhatisthesensibleattitudetowarddrugs?

Ithinkthefirstthingtothinkaboutisthedifferencebetweendrugsandwonderdrugs.Theantibioticscanreally__52__certainbacterialdiseases.Ontheotherhand,themajordiseasesthreateningAmericanstodayarecancer,stroke,highbloodpressure,coronarydiseaseandetc.__53__them,thedoctor’sbagoftricksislimited.Hehasnowonderdrugs.

Sothefirstimportantlessonisnotto__54__toomuchfromdrugs.Ifyoucanacceptthefactthatthewaragainstmanyofourmostdevastatingdiseasesis,at__55__aholdingoperationratherthananinevitabletriumph,itwill__56__agreatdealtoeaseyourlifeaswellasthatofyourdoctor.Toomany__57__exertgreatpressuresondoctorstoprescribeforeverysmallsymptom,evenwhensuchtreatmentisunwarrantedordangerous.

Unfortunately,themedicalprofessionisguiltyoftakingpart,toacertain__58__,inthewrongfulaction.Thepatientwhodemandsashotofpenicillinforeverysniffleandsneezemaybe__59__theinjectionbyareluctant__60__becauseheiscertainthatifhedoesnot,thepatientwillsearchuntilhefindsadoctorwhowill.

问题1选项

A.regard

B.regards

C.regarded

D.regarding

问题2选项

A.care

B.treat

C.cure

D.deal

问题3选项

A.Toward

B.Pro

C.Against

D.Dealing

问题4选项

A.expect

B.except

C.expert

D.express

问题5选项

A.last

B.least

C.best

D.worst

问题6选项

A.make

B.do

C.take

D.have

问题7选项

A.patience

B.patient

C.patienthood

D.patients

问题8选项

A.extent

B.extension

C.extensive

D.extend

问题9选项

A.taken

B.fetched

C.given

D.done

问题10选项

A.physical

B.physic

C.physics

D.physician

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:D

【解析】51.考查时态。A选项regard“认为”，一般现在时；B选项regards，第三人称单数的一般现在时；C选项regarded，一般过去时；D选项regarding，现在分词形式，不能单独做谓语。本题所在分句没有动词，则空格处应填入一个谓语动词，主语为Some“一些（人）”，排除B、D选项；根据后一个分句谓语thinkof“认为”判断，该处为一般现在时，且全文基本为一般现在时，排除B选项。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

52.考查动词辨析。A选项care“照顾；关心；顾虑”；B选项treat“治疗”，强调过程；C选项cure“治好”，强调结果；D选项deal“贩毒；发牌”，搭配介词with，构成短语dealwith才有“处理，对付”的意思。句意：抗生素确实可以____某些细菌性疾病。抗生素可以用于某些细菌性疾病，强调结果，把病治好。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

53.考查介词辨析与上下文语义。A选项toward“向；对（某事的态度）；（时间上）接近”；B选项pro“支持，赞成”；C选项against“反对；防备（令人不快的或有害的事物）”；D选项dealing“商业往来，交易”。句意：____它们，医生的手段是有限的。根据句意，此处应该是指治疗这些疾病（不是指对它们的态度），医生们的手段有限。C选项最符合语境，D选项搭配介词with，构成短语dealwith才有“处理，对付”的意思。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

54.考查形近词辨析。A选项expect“期望，动词”；B选项except“除……以外，介词”；C选项expert“专家，名词”；D选项express“表达，动词”。句意：第一个重要的教训是不要对药品____太多。根据句意，“期望”最符合语义，本题解题的关键在于区别形近词。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

55.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项atlast“最终”；B选项atleast“至少”；C选项atbest“最多，充其量”，用于在情况很糟糕的时候，可能发生的最好的事情；D选项atworst“在最坏的情况下”。句意：对抗许多最具毁灭性疾病的战争____是一场维持现状的行动，而不是必然的胜利。原句想表达的是，在面对很多毁灭性的疾病的时候，能发生的最好的情况也只是维持现状，“充其量”与句意最搭配。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

56.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项make“制作；使得”；B选项do“做”；C选项take“占据；拿”；D选项have“有”。句意：如果你能接受这样一个事实，即……的话，这将对减轻你和你的医生的生活负担____很多。根据句意，接受某个事实可以帮助减轻你和你的医生的生活负担。B选项doagreatdealto做了很多，最符合句意，可引申为“有助于”。干扰选项Amakeagreatdeal意为“做了一笔大买卖”，或者makeagreatdealoutofsth“小题大做”，总之没有“做了很多，有帮助”的意思。因此，本题最佳选项为B。

57.考查形近词辨析。A选项patience“耐心，名词”；B选项patient“病人，单数名词；有耐心的，形容词”；C选项patienthood“病态心理，名词”；D选项patients“病人，名词复数”。句意：太多的____对医生施加了巨大的压力……。根据句意，空格处应填入名词病人；原文空格前有many，所以填入的应为复数名词。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

58.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项extent“程度，名词”；B选项extension“拓展，延伸，名词”；C选项extensive“广泛的；大量的，形容词”；D选项extend“延伸，动词”。句意：医务人员，____，犯有参与不法行为的罪行。“toacertain____”在原文中做插入语，固定搭配toacertainextent意为“在某种程度上”。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

59.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项taken“拿”；B选项fetched“取来”；C选项given“给”；D选项done“做”。句意：每次打喷嚏就要打一针青霉素的病人可能被____注射。不考虑空格处的词，句子也能表达完整的语义，“注射；打针”从医生的角度说是“giveaninjection”,从病人的角度说是“have/takeaninjection”。原文主语为病人，但用了被动语态，所以用动词用“give”更合适。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

60.考查形近词辨析。A选项physical“物理的，形容词”；B选项physic“药物，名词；给病人服药，动词”；C选项physics“物理学，名词”；D选项physician“医生，内科医生，名词复数”。句意：被一个不情愿的____注射，根据句意和上下文，此处应该填医生。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

5.单选题

WallStreetinaconceptualsenserepresentsfinancialandeconomicpower.ToAmericans,itcansometimesrepresentelitismandpowerpolitics,anditsrolehasbeenasourceofcontroversythroughoutthenation’shistory,particularlybeginningaroundtheGildedAgeperiodinthelate19thcentury.WallStreetbecamethesymbolofacountryandeconomicsystemthatmanyAmericanssawashavingdevelopedthroughtrade,capitalism,andinnovation.

WallStreethasbecomesynonymouswithfinancialinterests,oftenusednegatively.Duringthemortgagemessfrom2007一2010,WallStreetfinancingwasblamedasoneofthecauses,althoughmostcommentatorsblameaninterplayoffactors.TheU.S.governmentwiththeTroubledAssetReliefProgrambailedoutthebanksandfinancialbackerswithbillionsoftaxpayerdollars,butthebailoutwasoftencriticizedaspoliticallymotivated,andwascriticizedbyjournalistsaswellasthepublic.OnewriterintheHuffingtonPostlookedatFBIstatisticsonrobbery,fraud,andcrimeandconcludedthatWallStreetwasthe“mostdangerousneighborhoodintheUnitedStates”ifonefactoredinthe$50billionfraudperpetratedbyBernieMadoff.ManycomplainedthattheresultingSarbanes-Oxleylegislationdampenedthebusinessclimate.InterestgroupsseekingfavorwithWashingtonlawmakers,suchascardealers,haveoftensoughttoportraytheirinterestsasalliedwithMainStreetratherthanWallStreet.WhentheUnitedStatesTreasurybailedoutlargefinancialfirms,toostensiblyhaltadownwardspiralinthenation’seconomy,therewastremendousnegativepoliticalfallout,particularlywhenreportscameoutthatmoniessupposedtobeusedtoeasecreditrestrictionswerebeingusedtopaybonusestohighly-paidemployees.AnalystWilliamCohanarguedthatitwas“obscene（肮脏的）”howWallStreetreaped“massiveprofitsandbonusesin2009”afterbeingsavedby“trillionsofdollarsofAmericantaxpayers’treasure”despiteWallStreet’s“greedandirresponsiblerisk-taking”.WashingtonPostreporterSuzanneMcGeecalledforWallStreettomakeasortofpublicapologytothenation,andexpresseddismaythatpeoplesuchasGoldmanSachschiefexecutiveLldydBlankfeinhadn’texpressedcontrition（悔悟）despitebeingsuedbytheSEC（SecuritiesandExchangeCommission）in2009.McGeewrotethat“Bankersaren’tthesoleculprits,buttheirdenialsofresponsibilityandtheoccasionalvagueandwafflingexpressionofregretdon’tgofarenoughtodeflectanger”.

ButchiefbankinganalystatGoldmanSachs,RichardRamsden,is“unapologetic”andsees“banksasthedynamos（发电机）thatpowertherestoftheeconomy”.Ramsdenbelieves“risk-takingisvital”.Othersinthefinancialindustrybelievethey’vebeenunfairlycriticizedbythepublicandbypoliticians.

ImagesofWallStreetanditsfigureshaveloomedlarge.The1987OliverStonefilmWallStreetcreatedtheiconicfigureofGordonGekkowhousedthephrase“greedisgood”,whichhadanunexpectedculturalinfluence,notcausingthemtoturnawayfromcorporategreed,butcausingmanyyoungpeopletochooseWallStreetcareers.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattherealrootofthefinancialcrisisis（）.

4.InthefilmWallStreet,GordonGekkocouldbestbedescribedasa(n)（）.

问题1选项

A.PhysicalLayoutofWallStreet.

B.WallStreetinthePublic’sEyes.

C.InfluencesoftheFilmWallStreet.

D.WallStreetasaFinancialCenter.

问题2选项

A.WallStreethasarousedconsiderablepublicinterest

B.thebailoutprogramplaysanegativeroleinAmericanpolitics

C.WallStreetistheonlyoffenderbehindtheglobaleconomiccrisis

D.thepartWallStreethasplayedintheAmericaneconomyisunderattack

问题3选项

A.USgovernment’sexistinglegislationonbusinessclimate

B.USgovernment’spolitically-motivatedbailoutplan

C.WallStreet’sfavorabletreatmenttointerestgroups

D.WallStreet’slackofresponsibilityandhumanity

问题4选项

A.idiot

B.idol

C.idealist

D.gossip

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.结合文章内容可知,第一段主要讲美国公众对华尔街的整体看法,接下来的段落便是具体的描述公众眼中的华尔街。所以选项B最为恰当。

2.根据第一段可知选项A正确;根据第二段第三句“...butthebailoutwasoftencriticizedaspoliticallymotivated,andwascriticizedbyjournalistsaswellasthepublic.”可知选项B正确;根据第二段的内容可知选项D也正确,只有选项C在文中没有提及,且选项中only表述太绝对。所以本题选C。

3.根据第二段分析师WilliamCohan说的话可知,华尔街金融危机的根源是其贪婪和不负责任的冒险行为所导致的,选项D符合原文。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知,电影《华尔街》塑造了戈登•盖柯的标志性人物,他说“贪婪是好的”。这句话产生了意想不到的文化影响,不仅没有让年轻人摆脱集体的贪婪,反而让他们选择来华尔街冒险。由此可知,戈登•盖柯被塑造成为了一个偶像,所以选项B正确。

6.单选题

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（

）forawholeweek.(98/6)

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained“被强迫的”；dominated“占主导地位的”；restricted“受限制的’；occupied“使用中的；无空闲的”。句意：她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修，为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

DespitetherecessioninBrazil,manyjobhuntersaretakingtheirlastsavingsandinvestinginEnglishlessonsbecausesomany_______employerswantworkerswithaknowledgeofEnglish.

问题1选项

A.prevalent

B.proficient

C.prospective

D.prominent

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.prevalent普遍存在的，盛行的B.proficient熟练的，娴熟的，精通的

C.prospective可能的，潜在的D.prominent著名的，杰出的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词jobhunters，可知这些求职者学英语是为了找工作，雇主是谁还没有确定，prospective符合语境，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合语境。

【句意】尽管巴西经济衰退，许多求职者还是把最后的积蓄花在了英语课程上，因为很多潜在雇主都想要会英语的员工。

8.单选题

Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.Thedecisionwhichfaceshimisnot,Ithinkoneofpracticalaction:ofcoursehewilltrytothrowhisweightintothescale,andthatweight,ifheisawriterorevenapainterofgenius,mayhaveitseffect.Forthenovelist—inoursocietytheonlyartistwhohasamassaudienceandatthesametimeeffectiveeconomiccontrolofmeansofaddressing—thehopeofsomedecisiveinfluenceisareasonableone.Forhim,sincehetakesofallartistswhatisprobablethelargestportionofhiscultureasmaterial,thereisnomoreescapefromthenecessityfortreatingthecontentofhisworkseriouslythanthereisforthesocialpsychologistheiscomingsocloselytoresemble.Thedichotomywhichpeoplehavetriedtoestablishbetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisbecomingunbearabletoalmostallsensitiveminds.Idoubtifithasevenbeenreal——wemighthaveadmiredShelleyasmuchifhehadbeenindifferenttosuchthingsaswarandtyranny,thoughIdoubtit,certainlyhadhebeenindifferentweshouldneverhavebeenledbyhim.

AlbertCamusseemstometobethefirstmodemwriter,thoughIamcertainhewillnotbethelast,toputtheproblemofresponsibilityinspecificterms:“Ionlyknow”,hewrote,“thatinthisworldtherearepestilencesandtherearevictims,anditisuptousnottoallyourselveswiththepestilences.Forthemedicalscientist,whoknowsthathemayquitewellbecalledupontodaytouseliteralpestilences,ofmindandofbodyinpsychologicalandbacteriologicalwarfarethatstatementhasmeaningclearer,Ithink,andmoreimperativethanitsauthorintended.Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegianceisthesameitisthepestilencewhich,throughthespreadofirrationalfearsandirrationalhatreds,throughtheacceptanceofcoercion,throughtheneglectofwhatonecanonlycallsocialandpersonalsanitationorabiologicalhumanobligationinourattitudestosociety,leadsustoforgetwhoweareandwhoourfellowmenare;thepestilencewhichexterminates‘gooks’ordissidents,whichapologizesfortortureandmassacreinanyshapeorform,whetheritbecalledforthemomentrevolutionorcollectivesecurity,thepestilenceofatombombsandconcentrationcamps.Inthelastresort,thereisonlyoneethicallysatisfactoryreplytothatpestilence:anunqualifiedandunargued‘No’.This‘No’doesnotspring.Ithink,fromanyidealisticormetaphysicalimperative,butsimplyfromthefactthatbysayinganythingelseweshouldceasetobehumanbeings.”

1.Whattheauthorarguesforinparagraph1is（

）.

2.ThequotationheretakenfromAlbertCamushelpsustoillustrate（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrongaccordingtothisselection?

4.Theword“allegiance”inthisselectionmeans（

）.

5.Generallyspeaking,theidealreaderofthisselectionis（

）.

问题1选项

A.totellthereadersomenewidea

B.thatthewritershouldundertakehissocialresponsibilityandinsistontheunitybetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontent

C.thatsomedecisiveinfluenceofanovelistnosocietyisareasonableone

D.thatanartisthaseffectonsociety

问题2选项

A.thatthepestilenceisthetargetenemy

B.thathowweshallfightagainstthepestilence

C.thesocialresponsibilityofboththescientistandtheartist

D.whatthepestilenceis

问题3选项

A.Althoughanovelistcannotproduceimmediatepracticalinfluenceonsociety,hecanthrowhisweighintothescale.

B.Becauseoftheexistingpestilence,wehaveto,byhookorbycrook,fightagainstitwhiletotallyforgettingthataswewipeoutthepestilence,weareunconsciouslyexterminatingmankind.

C.Thefallacyofdichotomybetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisrefuted

D.Boththescientistandtheartistexistinsocietyashumanbeings,andtheiractionswillcertainlybringagreatinfluenceonsociety.

问题4选项

A.duty

B.support

C.devotion

D.allowance

问题5选项

A.theartist

B.thescientist

C.thepolitician

D.thesociologist

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段第一句Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.与科学家的实际直接责任相比，艺术家的责任势必显得微不足道，但同时作者指出二分法是不合适的，因此作者在此主张艺术水平和艺术内容的统一，确定B选项‘作家应当肩负起应有的社会责任，坚持艺术水平与艺术内容的统一‘符合题意。

2.根据第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance,isthesame...：但是无论对于作为传染病的天敌的科学家，还是对于人性代表的艺术家，由于我们时代传染病流行，就都要求他们献身。基本的传染病对他们来讲是相同的。确定C选项‘科学家和艺术家都有社会责任‘正确。

3.根据第一段：Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.与科学家的实际且立竿见影的责任相比，艺术家的责任势必显得微不足道。Thedecisionwhichfaceshimisnot,Ithink,oneofpracticalaction:ofcoursehewilltrytothrowhisweightintothescale：他们面临着要做出的判断，我认为，并不是需要立即付诸实施的。当然，他会把他的法码放到天平上去。确定A选项‘尽管小说家不能对社会产生实际且立竿见影的影响，但是他可以把他的法码放到天平上去‘正确。根据第一段：Thedichotomywhichpeoplehavetriedtoestablishbetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisbecomingunbearabletoalmostallsensitiveminds.人们企图建立艺术水平和艺术内容不相干的双重标准，每个头脑敏锐的人对此都不能忍受。确定C选项‘艺术水平和艺术内容双重标准的谬论遭到反对’正确。根据第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance：但是无论对于作为传染病的天敌的科学家，还是对于人性代表的艺术家，由于我们时代传染病流行，就都要求他们献身。确定D选项‘在人类社会中，科学家和艺术家的行动都将给社会带来重大影响‘正确。运用排除法，确定B选项符合题意。

4.根据第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance...：但是无论对于作为传染病的天敌的科学家，还是对于人性代表的艺术家，由于我们时代传染病流行，就都要求他们献身。确定C选项‘献身，奉献，忠诚‘正确。A选项’职责，责任‘、B选项’支持‘和D选项’津贴，限额‘排除。

5.根据第一段：Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.与科学家的实际直接责任相比，艺术家的责任势必显得微不足道。和第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance：但是无论对于作为传染病的天的科学家，还是对于人性代表的艺术家，由于我们时代传染病流行，就都要求他们献身。确定本文是讲作为艺术家的社会责任问题，最适合的读者是社会学家，而艺术家最合适的阅读材料是当时相关的艺术作品。最后推测D选项‘社会学家‘符合题意。

9.单选题

[A]Althoughpearlsmaybeformedbyanyshelledmollusk,themostvaluablepearlsareobtainedfrom[B]theoysters.Exceptfor[C]imitationpearls,whichareentirelyman-made,allpearlsareformedasecretionaroundanirritatingbodythatentersthesofttissueofamollusk.[D]Iftheirritatingbodyentersthemolluskbyaccident,anaturalpearlforms.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.theoysters

C.imitationpearls

D.Iftheirritatingbody

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠词用法。B选项处oysters是复数形式，表示泛指，前面不应加定冠词the。

10.单选题

Itisperhaps,noaccidentthatmanyoftheoutstandingfiguresofthepastwereamazinglyversatilemen.Rightupuntilcomparativelyrecenttimes,itwaspossibleforanintelligentpersontoacquainthimselfwithalmosteverybranchofknowledge.Thus,amanofgeniuslikeLeonardodaVinciengagedinmanycareersatonceasamatterofcourse.DaVinciwassobusywithhisnumerousinventionsthathebarelyfoundthetimetocompletehispaintings.HecameveryneartofulfillingtheRenaissanceidealofthe"universalman",themanwhowasproficientateverything.Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.

Knowledgehasbecomedividedandsub-dividedintocountless,narrowly-definedcompartments.Thespecialistisrespected;theversatileperson,farfrombeingadmired,ismoreoftenregardedwithsuspicion.Themodemworldisaworldofhighly-skilled"experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.Thescientist,whooutsidehisownparticularsubjectislittlemorethanamoron,isamodemphenomenon;asisthemanofletterswhoisbarelyawareofthetremendousstridesthathavebeenmadeintechnology.Similarly,specializationhasindirectlyaffectedquiteordinarypeopleineverywalkoflife.Manyactivitieswhichwereoncepursuedfortheirownsakes,areoftengivenupindespair;theyrequiretechniques,theexpertstellus,whichtakealife-timetomaster.Whylearntoplaythepiano,whenyoucanlistentotheworld'sgreatestpianistsinyourowndrawing-room?

Littlebylittle,wearebecomingmoreandmoreisolatedfromeachother.Itisalmostimpossibletotalktoyourneighborabouthisjob,evenifheisengagedinroughlythesameworkasyouare.TheRoyalSocietyinBritainincludesamongitsmembersonlythemosteminentscientistsinthecountry.Yetitishighlydisturbingtofindthatevenhere,asoneofitsmembersputit,atalectureonly10%ofthememberscanunderstand50%ofwhatisbeingsaid!

1.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

2.Theword"moron"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestpossibletitleforthepassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,inordertostandout,ascientistshould（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.menofremarkableachievementsinthepastwereaccidentallyversatile

B.nogreatmaninthepastwasqualifiedasuniversalexceptdaVinci

C.nowadaysversatilemenaregenerallyhighlyregarded

D.nowadaysitisnearlyimpossibleforamantobeversatile

问题2选项

A.afoolishman

B.ahard-workingman

C.anexpert

D.amiserableman

问题3选项

A.HowtoBecomeaVersatileMan.

B.VersatileMen.

C.HowtoBecomeanIntelligentMan.

D.IntelligentMen.

问题4选项

A.engageinasmanycareersaspossible

B.becomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety

C.confinehimselftoalimitedareaofstudy

D.beawareofthegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology

问题5选项

A.DaVinciwastoobusywithhismanyinventionstofinishhispaintings.

B.Inthemodemworldamancanbecomeversatilewithoutpayingtheprice.

C.Nowadaysamanoflettersscarcelyknowsaboutthechangesintechnology.

D.DuringtheRenaissancemuchemphasiswasplacedonbeinguniversal.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节推理题。第一段的最后一句为本文的主旨句“Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.”这句话的潜在意思就是说:现在多才多艺的人越来越少。选项D符合原文。

2.语义题。原文中的分号,以及as说明,前后是同类事物的比较。根据下文的whoisbarelyawareof可知，moron表示的是"什么都不知道的人",所以选项A正确。原文句意：有些科学家在他自己的研究领域之外和白痴一样。

3.全文主旨题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是讲多才多艺的人，作者只是提出自己的看法，并没有说如何成为一个多才多艺的人，所以选项B正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第二段第三句“..."experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.”科学们不得不把大部分的生命投入到一个非常有限的研究领域，以便与他们的同行竞争。选项C符合原文。

5.细节判断题。根据第二段第四句“Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.”这里采用双重否定强调这一目标的实现需要付出相当大的代价。所以选项B与原文不符。

11.单选题

Theymayoftenhaveto（）socialeveningsandholidaysbecauseoftheirbusywork.

问题1选项

A.forgo

B.forfeit

C.abandon

D.forgive

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。forgo“放弃；停止；断念”；forfeit“（因犯罪、失职、违约等）丧失（权利、名誉、生命等）”；abandon“遗弃；放弃”；forgive“原谅”。句意：由于忙碌的工作他们不得不放弃社交晚宴和假期。由becauseoftheirbusywork可知他们放弃了社交晚宴和假期，故A项正确。

12.单选题

Althoughshegivesbadly（

）titlestohermusicalcompositions,theyincorporateunusualcombinationsofmaterialsincludingGregorianchant,Asianscalepatternsandrhythms,electronicsounds,andbirdsongs.

问题1选项

A.exotic

B.eccentric

C.imaginative

D.conventional

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。exotic异国的，外来的eccentric古怪的，反常的；imaginative虚构的，富于想象的；conventional符合习俗的，日常的。句意：尽管她糟糕地给她的音乐作品赋以寻常的（传统的）题目，但是这些作品却体现出对一些材料的不寻常整合，比如罗马教的圣歌、亚洲的音阶风格节奏、古怪的声响和鸟鸣。由although及unusual可知空格处所填单词应与unusual相反，故答案为D。

13.单选题

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(紧缩)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seed,andfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandprovidingflood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRooseveltAdministrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation’ssoilwasinthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid(杂交)grain,andfertilizers.

1.WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?

2.ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas____.

3.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActencouragedAmericanfarmersto____.

4.TheSupremeCourtrejectedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActbecauseitbelievedthattheAct____.

5.ItwasclaimedthatthenewlawspassedduringtheRooseveltAdministrationwereaimedat____.

问题1选项

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.

问题2选项

A.toincreasefarmproduction

B.toestablishagriculturallaws

C.topreventfarmersfromgoingbankrupt

D.topromotethemechanizationofagriculture

问题3选项

A.reducetheirscaleofproduction

B.makefulluseoftheirland

C.adjustthepricesoftheirfarmproducts

D.beself-sufficientinagriculturalproduction

问题4选项

A.mightcausegreaterscarcityoffarmproducts

B.didn’tgivetheSecretaryofAgricultureenoughpower

C.wouldbenefitneitherthegovernmentnorthefarmers

D.benefitedonegroupofcitizensattheexpenseofothers

问题5选项

A.reducingthecostoffarming

B.conservingsoilinthelong-terminterestofthenation

C.loweringtheburdenoffarmers

D.helpingfarmerswithoutshiftingtheburdenontoothertaxpayers

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?是什么导致了对美国农产品需求的下降？

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.A.大萧条的影响。

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.B.海外市场的萎缩。

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.C.第一次世界大战造成的破坏。

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.D.欧洲国家出口的增加。

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第一段第一句“20世纪20年代，随着欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复，并开始实施紧缩计划以减少进口，对美国农产品的需求下降。（demandforAmericanfarmproductsfell）。”由此可知欧洲国家减少了进口，可推断海外市场变得萎缩。因此选B。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“大萧条的影响。”，大萧条使得美国对农产品需求下降更严重，而不是导致美国农产品需求下降的原因，该选项属于本末倒置；

C选项“第一次世界大战造成的破坏。”，文中提到“欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复和制定紧缩计划减少进口”，是欧洲国家开始在一战后进行恢复导致他们进口产品减少，而不是一战造成的破坏使美国农产品需求下降，该选项属于过度推断；

D选项“欧洲国家出口的增加。”，文中提到“欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复和制定紧缩计划减少进口”欧洲国家减少了进口，但是文中没有说欧洲国家增加出口，该选项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas____.20世纪20年代，美国政府在农业领域最关心的是____。