考研考博-英语-天津外国语大学考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津外国语大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Landbelongstothecity;thereis（）tilingasprivateownershipofland.

问题1选项

A.nosucha

B.notsuch

C.notsucha

D.nosuch

【答案】D

【解析】句意:土地属于城市，没有诸如土地私人所有的事情。

考查固定句式。thereisnosuchthingas...没有如…样的事情。

2.翻译题

Putthefollowing5sentencesintoChinese.Writethemintheproperspacesonyouranswersheet.

TheAll-ChinaFederationofWomenhasrecentlydroppedthelabelandnowrefersto‘old’unmarriedwomen—buttheleftoverexpressionremainswidelyusedelsewhere.

Theprotoplanetwouldtaketensofthousandsofyearstogrowup,andscientistshopetostudytheentityandgleaninsightsintohowitwascreatedandhowitmightevolve.

Humanlongevityhasimprovedsorapidlyoverthepastcenturythat72isthenew30,scientistshaveclaimed.Moreover,itisnolongerclearwherethepossibleouterboundariesofhumanlifestand.

Thebestwaytocleanyourglassesistorunthemunderwarmwaterandputatinydropofdishwashingdetergentonthetipofyourfingerstocreatealatheronthelens.Thenrinsewithwarmwater,anddiywithaclean,softcottoncloth.

Innovativecompaniesareledbyinnovativechiefexecutives.Theyspendtheirtimeaskingprovocativequestions,observingtheworldlikeanthropologists,networkingwithpeoplewhodon'tthink,actortalklikethem.

Ifyou'retakingrisks,andyouprobablyshould,youcanfindyourselffailing90%ofthetime.Thetrickistogetpaidwhileyou'redoingthefailingandtousetheexperiencetogainskillsthatwillbeusefullater.Weshouldbetaughtthatfailureisaprocess,notanobstacle.

Thefollowingthreebasicprocessespromisehelpwithgreatinefficiency:collectingtasksandprojectsfromallyournotebooks,calendarsandfilesintooneorganizingsystem;decidingonthenextstepsanddesiredoutcomesforeachitem;andmakingahabitoffrequentlycheckingandupdatingyourto-dosandplans.

Studiesshowthatatleasthalfofthevariationinintelligencequotientisinherited.ButwhilescientistshaveidentifiedsomegenesthatcansignificantlylowerIQinpeopleafflictedwithmentalretardation,forexampletrulyimportantgenesthataffectnormalIQvariationhaveyettobepinneddown.

Accordingtoscientists,sendingyourchildtopianoorviolinlessonsinabidtoboosttheiracademicachievementisawasteofmoney.Althoughresearchhasshownthatyoungsterswhotakemusiclessonsaremorelikelytobetopoftheirclass,psychologistGlennclaimsthislinkismisleading.

Moneymakestheworldgoround,butitisnotthekeytohappiness,accordingtootherstudies.In2008,asurveyfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundthatBritishfamilieswerehealthierandtwiceaswelloffastheywere20yearsago,butarenohappier.

【答案】中国妇联近日己经弃用“剩女”一词，改用“大龄未婚女青年”，但是“剩女”一词在其它地方还是被广泛使用。

原行星的形成需要经历成千上万年。科学家仍希望对它展开研究，以便了解它的诞生和演变。

科学家宣称，过去100年间人类平均寿命快速延长，以至于现在的72岁相当于过去的30岁。另外，人类寿命的可能极限不再清晰。

清洁眼镜的最佳方式是将其在温水下冲洗，在指尖滴一小滴洗洁精，在镜片上打出泡沫，然后用温水洗净，并用干净柔软的棉布擦干。

创新型的公司都有创新型的领袖。他们总是提出发人深省的问题，像人类学家那样观察世界，与思维、行事或言谈跟自己不同的人交往。

如果你铤而走险，而且是不得不这么干的时候，就会发现十有八九是要失败的。关键是要在失败的过程中积累经验，提升能力为将来做准备。我们要明白，失败是一个过程，而不是一个障碍。

以下三个基本过程能够帮助改善效率极端低下的状况：1、将所有的笔记本的任务和项目进行汇总，按日历和文件类别形成组织化系统；2、确定每个项目的下一个步骤与预期结果；3、养成经常检查与更新待办事项和计划的习惯。

研究表明：至少有一半的智商的变异是遗传的。但是科学家们已经鉴定出可以降低智商的部分基因，例如：智力发育迟缓人群。然而，影响正常智商变化的极为重要的基因还尚未确定。

科学家称，为了提高孩子的学习成绩而把孩子送去学弹钢琴或拉小提琴，纯属浪费钱。尽管有研究显示，学音乐的小孩更可能在班上名列前茅，但心理学家格伦指出，将这两者联系在一起有误导性。

其他的研究则发现，金钱让世界运转，但不是幸福的要素。2008年，英国国家统计局的一项调查发现，英国家庭的健康状况比20年前更好，收入也是20年前的两倍，但是英国人并没有比20年前更幸福。

3.单选题

Theoldparadigmofuniversitiesasself-containedvillagesisbeingshatteredbynewtechnologiesandnewsocietalvalues,accordingtothecontributorstoTheUniversityinTransformation.

Theconventionalwisdomthatittakesasmallvillage—thecollegecampus—toproduceacollegegraduateunderliesthebasicstructureofmostuniversitiestoday.Thismodehaschangedsurprisinglylittlefromthatwhichemerged1,000yearsagoinmedievalEurope,Professorslecture,studentslisten,askquestions,andaretestedonhowwelltheyremembertheirprofessors’words.Butamillenniumlater,timeshavechanged.Likeitornot.Thethousand-year-oldidealofthecampusasavillage-pacedcommunityforscholarship,discussion,andresearchiseroding.Competingmodelsarebeginningtoemerge,incorporatingnewtechnologies,newformsoforganization,andnewsocialgoals.

TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday:Forinstance,whyshouldhighereducationcostsomuch,wheninformationnowcanbesoeasilyandcheaplysharedthroughtheInternetandothercomputer-basedtechnologies?Andwhymuststudentsregisterexclusivelyatoneinstitutiontopursueadegree,ratherthanfreelytakecoursesforcreditwhenandwherevertheybestmeettheirownparticularneeds?

ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUnity-avoluntarycommunityofscholar/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountryoraroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthebrandnameofafamousinstitution,andheavilyadvertised,mighteventuallycometodominatetheglobaleducationmarket,warnssociologyprofessorPeterManicasoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork,noteAustraliancommunicationsprofessorsDavidRooneyandGregHearn.

Ontheotherhand,whileglobalconnectivityseemshighlylikelytoplaysomesignificantroleinfuturehighereducation,thatdoesnotmeangreateruniformityincoursecontent-orotherdangers-willnecessarilyfollow.Countermovementsarealsoatwork.

Manyinacademia,includingscholarscontributingtothisvolume,arequestioningthefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation.Whatif,forinstance,insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld?FeministscholarIvanaMilojevicdarestodreamwhatauniversitymightbecome“ifwebelievedthatchild-careworkersandteachersinearlychildhoodeducationshouldbeoneofthehighest(ratherthanlowest)paidprofessionals?”

Co-editorJenniferGidleyshowshowtomorrow’suniversityfaculty,insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch,maytakeonthreenewroles.Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogramsforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday’sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.Thiswouldrequirethemtoconstantlybelearningfromtheirstudentsaswellasinstructingthem.Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley’sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudents/colleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.

51.Aboutthebasicstructureofuniversities,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

52.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,______.

53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialdangeroftheInternetUniversity?

54.Accordingtothereview,whatshouldbethefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation?

55.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrow’suniversityfaculty,universityteachers______.

问题1选项

A.Olduniversitieswerealwaysinvillages.

B.Thetraditionalidealofcampushasbeenstrengthened.

C.Theconventionalmodelhasradicallychangedinthepastmillennium.

D.Theself-containedparadigmischallengedbynewtechnologiesandvalues.

问题2选项

A.heisinfavorofit

B.hisviewisbalanced

C.heisambivalentaboutit

D.heisstronglycriticalofit

问题3选项

A.Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.

B.Internetbasedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.

C.Internetbasedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.

D.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.

问题4选项

A.Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.

B.Learninghowtosolvecurrentlocalandsocialproblems.

C.Researchingintosolutionstoprospectiveinternationalproblems.

D.Combiningresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning.

问题5选项

A.arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearch

B.arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudents

C.aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingduties

D.aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialty

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】51.细节事实题。题干意思是“关于大学的基本结构，下面哪个陈述是正确的？”。根据第一段Theoldparadigmofuniversitiesasself-containedvillagesisbeingshatteredbynewtechnologiesandnewsocietalvalues（大学作为自给自足的村庄的旧范式正在被新技术和新的社会价值观打破）可知D项“自成一体的范式受到新技术和价值观的挑战”正确。A项“以前的大学总是在农村”，该项表述太绝对，文章并没有提到以前的大学都在农村；第二段倒数第二句提到Thethousand-year-oldidealofthecampusasavillage-pacedcommunityforscholarship,discussion,andresearchiseroding.（一千年来，人们一直认为校园是一个像村庄一样的学术、讨论和研究的社区，但这种理想正在逐渐消失）可知B项“传统的校园理想得到了加强”错误；根据第二段第一句Theconventionalwisdomthatittakesasmallvillage—thecollegecampus—toproduceacollegegraduateunderliesthebasicstructureofmostuniversitiestoday.（传统观念认为，只有一个小村庄，即大学校园，才能培养出大学毕业生，这种观念构成了今天大多数大学的基本结构）可知C项“传统模式在过去的千年里发生了根本性的变化”错误。因此，该题选择D项正确。

52.观点态度题。题干意思是“当书评人讨论互联网大学时，……”。文章第四段讲了互联网大学的很多优点：suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.（比如容易安排课程，同时高效率地向数千甚至数百万学生提供讲座，各地的学生随时可以获得世界各大图书馆的资源）；但是接着第五段就讲述了互联网大学带来的一些弊端：underselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork（会使传统的红砖白瓦的实体大学降低学费，从而让他们迅速退出行业，并使成千上万的职业学者失业）。结合上下文语境，书评人并没有做出自己个人喜好的判断，所以A项“他是支持的”、C项“他对此有矛盾的态度”和D项“他强烈批评”可以排除。因此，该题选择B项“他的观点是客观公正的”正确。

53.细节判断题。题干意思是“以下哪项不被认为是互联网大学的潜在危险？”。根据第五段最后一句Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork（除了强制实施严格的标准化课程外，这种“盒子里的大学教育”可能会会使传统的红砖白瓦的实体大学降低学费，从而让他们迅速退出行业，并使成千上万的职业学者失业）可知，互联网大学的潜在危险包括：让传统的实体大学的老师失业，并且互联网的课件内容是有模板的，缺乏多样化，另外网络课程的成本比传统的课程费用低，所以A项“传统机构的教师可能会失去他们的工作”、B项“基于网络的课程可能比传统课程更便宜”和C项“基于网络的课件内容缺乏多样性”都属于潜在危险，可以排除；D项“互联网大学可能会做很多宣传培养教师”文中没有提到培养老师。因此，该题选择D项正确。

54.细节推断题。题干意思是“根据本书评，大学教育的根本使命应该是什么？”。第七段提到了大学教育的使命，第二句提到insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld（大学学生和教授可以把他们的学习和研究工作集中在他们当地社区和世界上存在的问题上，而不是主要接受技术培训和建立他们个人的职业生涯），由此可以推断，大学教育的根本使命应该是学习研究如何处理当地社区和世界上存在的问题，而不是接受技术培训和建立他们个人的职业生涯，所以A项“知识学习和职业建设”错误；B项“学习如何解决当前当地和社会问题”正确；C项“研究未来国际问题的解决方案”表述与原文不符；D项“在学习中结合教师和学生的研究努力”这属于完成使命中的过程，而不是使命的目标。因此，该题选择B项正确。

55.细节推断题。题干意思是“从未来大学教师的三个新角色来判断，大学教师……”。文章最后一段提到了大学教师的三个角色，从第二句话Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogramsforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.（有些会充当中介，通过整合和搭配世界各地机构的最佳课程，为每个学生量身定制学位-学分课程）可以推断，大学教师的角色之一是向学生提供个性化和综合性的课程，B项“被要求为他们的学生提供更多的课程”表述与原文不相符；第三句提到Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday’sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.（第二种类型是导师，其作用与今天的教师顾问很相似，但很可能在自己的专业领域之外带更多的学生），可推断D项“应该用他们的专业指导更多的学生”也不符合原文；根据文章最后一句Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley’sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudents/colleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.（教师的第三个新角色，在吉德利看来也是最具挑战性和最有益的角色，将是作为意义的创造者：富有魅力的圣人和实践者，领导学生和同事团队共同努力，为具体的现实世界问题找到精神上的、理性的和技术上的解决方案）可推断，大学教师的新角色之一就是需要承担更多的职责，C项“应该承担更苛刻的职责”符合原文；A项“需要进行更多的独立研究”在原文中没有提到。因此，该题选择C项正确。

4.单选题

Theywere______intheirscientificresearch,notknowingwhathappenedjustoutsidetheirlab.

问题1选项

A.submerged

B.drowned

C.immersed

D.dipped

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项submerge“淹没”；B选项drown“淹没，溺死”；C选项immerse“使浸没于，(使)深陷于，沉浸在”；D选项dip“浸，(使)下降，下沉”。beimmersedin为固定搭配，表示“专心(埋头)于……”。句意：他们沉浸在科学研究中，不知道实验室外发生了什么。

5.单选题

TheAmericandreamisnot（）duringtheperiodsofproductivityandwealthgeneratedbyAmericancapitalism.

问题1选项

A.plausible

B.patriotic

C.primitive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】plausible貌似可信的，貌似有理的；patriotic爱国的；primitive原始的，简单的；partial部分的，不公平的。句意：在美国资本主义创造生产力和财富的时期，美国梦貌似是可信的。选项A更符合语境。

6.单选题

Hetreatedatwenty-one-year-oldgirlwithastubborncaseofheadache.

问题1选项

A.panic

B.persistent

C.severe

D.stern

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。stubborn表示“顽固的，顽强的”；A项panic“恐慌的”，B项persistent“执着的，坚持不懈的”，C项severe“严峻的，严厉的”，D项stern“严厉的，坚定的”。句意：他治疗了一个患有顽固性头痛的21岁女孩。根据句意可知，该题选择B项正确。

7.单选题

Althoughheisveryfat,Jackdoesn’tfancy______onastrictdiet.

问题1选项

A.toput

B.putting

C.tobeput

D.beingput

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词用法。fancy“想做；喜爱；自负；想象；设想，认为”，后面一般接v-ing形式，表示“想要，想”，故可排除A选项和C选项。又根据句意：虽然杰克很胖，但他并不想要严格节食。可知主语与谓语之间是主动关系，因此B选项正确。

8.单选题

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

问题1选项

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。guilt意为“有罪，犯罪行为”；charge意为“收费，指控”；blame意为“(坏事或错事的)责任，责备”，taketheblamefor意为“承担……的责任”；accusation意为“指责，谴责”。

句意：总经理承担了事故的责任，尽管并不真的是他的错。

9.单选题

Despitehisunsuccessfulcareer,hewas（）tothinkthatheatleasthadawarmfamilytoturnto.

问题1选项

A.conferred

B.consoled

C.confessed

D.convinced

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。conferred授予，商议；consoled安慰，慰藉；confessed坦白，承认；convinced使确信，说服。句意：尽管事业不成功，他安慰自己至少有一个温暖的家可以依靠。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

IthinkI’dliketostayhomethisevening（

）goingoutasitisrainingtooheavily.

问题1选项

A.betterthan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.soonerthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组词义辨析。betterthan“超过，多于，好于”；otherthan“除了，不同于”；ratherthan“而不是；宁可……也不愿”；soonerthan“早于”。句意：我今晚想待在家里，而不是出去，因为外面下大雨。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Beforeturningtowriting,Ispenteightyearsasalawyer______abouthowlifewouldbewithaprominentfatherblazingmytrail.

问题1选项

A.fantasizing

B.fascinating

C.facilitating

D.finalizing

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项fantasizing“想象，幻想”；B选项fascinating“使着迷”；C选项facilitating“促进；使便利”；D选项finalizing“最终确定（计划、协议等）”。句意：在开始写作之前，我做了八年的律师，______如果有一位杰出的父亲为我开路，生活会是怎样的。根据howlifewouldbe可知这里使用了虚拟语气，所以fantasizing“想象，幻想”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Theoldcoupledecidedto（）aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenoftheirown.

问题1选项

A.adapt

B.bring

C.receive

D.adopt

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“使适应；改编”，B选项bring“带来；拿来”，C选项receive“接受”，D选项adopt“采取；接受；收养”；题干为：这对年迈的父母决定去（）一个男孩和一个女孩，即使他们已经有了三个自己的孩子。因此根据逻辑我们知道他们是“领养”孩子，因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Notallpersonsarrestedand（）withacrimeareguilty,andthemainfunctionofcriminalcourtsistodeterminewhoisguiltyunderthelaw.

问题1选项

A.sentenced

B.accused

C.persecuted

D.charged

【答案】D

【解析】sentenced判决，审判；accused指控，控告；persecuted迫害；charged指控，控告。句意：并非所有被逮捕和被指控犯罪的人都是有罪的，刑事法院的主要职能是根据法律确定谁是有罪的。accused和charged都有指控的意思，但是accused不能与介词with搭配，而应与of搭配，所以选项D正确。

14.单选题

Thesinger’sperformancewassoexcitingthatmanyofhisfanswere（

）enthusiasm.

问题1选项

A.stirredupwith

B.fantasizedwith

C.takebackwith

D.carriedawaywith

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。carryawaywith表示“使失去自制力”。句意：这位歌手的表演是如此令人兴奋，以至于很多他的粉丝狂热而失去了自制力。D项符合题意。fantasize幻想、想象；stirup煽动；takeback带回。

15.单选题

Theytriedtocollectallthepicturestheycould（

）.

问题1选项

A.laytheirhandson

B.capitalizeon

C.washtheirhandsof

D.makethebestof

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。layone’shandson意为“找到，得到，伤害”；capitalizeon意为“充分利用某事物，从某事物中获利”；washone’shandsof意为“洗手不干，退出、不参与”；makethebestof意为“充分利用”。

句意：他们试图收集所有他们能找到的照片。

16.单选题

Hedoesnothingthatviolatestheinterestsofthecollective.

问题1选项

A.runsfor

B.runsagainst

C.runsover

D.runsinto

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。violate“违反；侵犯，妨碍”，A选项runfor“竞选；匆匆去取；赶紧去请”；B选项“runagainst撞上；偶遇；违反”；C选项“runover辗过；匆匆看；复查”；D选项“runinto遭遇，陷入；撞到；偶然遇见”。句意：他不做任何违背集体利益的事。根据句中“theinterestsofthecollective集体的利益”可知violate在这里的意思为“违反”，因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Sheisavery（

）student.She’salwaystalkingabouttravelingtoouterspace.

问题1选项

A.imaginary

B.imaginative

C.imaginable

D.imagining

【答案】B

【解析】考察形似形容词词义辨析。imaginary“虚构的，假想的”；imaginative“富于想象的，有创造力的”；imaginable“可能的，可想象的”；imagining是image的动名词形式。句意：她是一个富有想象力的学生。她总是谈论关于在外太空漫游的事。选项B符合题意。

18.单选题

A[A]technicalviewofanewinventionsometimes[B]differfrom[C]aneconomic[D]perspective.

问题1选项

A.technical

B.differ

C.an

D.perspective

【答案】B

【解析】【考查点】主谓一致。

【解题思路】句子主语是第三人称单数Atechnicalview（技术观点），因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式differs。该题选择B项。

【句意】对一项新发明的技术观点有时与经济观点不同。

19.单选题

Dr.Brownbecameirritatedwhenthescienceexperimentthatwassupposedtoconfirmhisfindingsendedup______them.

问题1选项

A.lingering

B.trampling

C.diminishing

D.debunking

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项linger“消磨，缓慢度过”，B项trample“践踏，蔑视”，C项diminish“使减少，使变小”，D项debunk“揭穿……的真相，拆穿……的假面具”。由句子可知，thatwassupposedtoconfirmhisfindings在句子中作定语修饰scienceexperiment，表示“这个科学实验本应该证实他的发现”，而空格处是填入一个非谓语动词修饰scienceexperimentendedup这一句子，结合定语从句的内容和选项，可知只有debunking符合语境，表示“揭穿真相”。句意：当本应证实他的发现的科学实验最终揭穿了他们的谎言时，布朗博士非常恼火。因此，该题选择D项。

20.单选题

Inselectingamaterial,theengineer’sinterestisinitspropertieswhichdeterminehowitwillperformundertheloadsandcondition（

）itissubject.

问题1选项

A.where

B.towhich

C.inwhich

D.which

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。句意为：该工程师在选择材料时关注它的性能，其决定自身在负载和受限制的情况下将如何表现。根据关键词“theloadsandcondition”可知关系代词“where”不符合，再由subject一般构成“besubjectto受制于”的固定搭配知B项“towhich”正确。

21.单选题

TomandAlice（）havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

问题1选项

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根据句意可知谓语应该用复数，首先排除选项A和C，再根据“foryears”可知，应用现在完成时，所以选项B正确。

22.单选题

Harnessingthewindto（）electricitydatesbackto1890.

问题1选项

A.manufacture

B.yield

C.grow

D.generate

【答案】D

【解析】句意:利用风来发电可追溯到1890年。

考查动词辨析。Manufacture制造,加工;yield出产(作物),产生(收益、效益等),提供,放弃;grow扩大,增加,增强;generate产生,引起,发(电)。故D符合句意。

23.单选题

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

问题1选项

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable给人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的D.peaceful安静的，平静的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的，讨人喜欢的”，这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱，让人不自觉地被他吸引，attractive与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗？他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔，都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗？

24.单选题

Iadmirehercourage,compassionand（

）tothecauseofhumanity,justiceandpeace.

问题1选项

A.devotion

B.determination

C.opposition

D.realism

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。devotion奉献，忠诚，热爱；determination决心，果断；opposition反对；realism现实主义。句意：我钦佩她为了人道，正义与和平所表现出来的勇气、同情心和奉献精神。选项A符合句意。

25.单选题

FastReading

Newspapers

Newspapersaretheoriginalformofbroadbandcommunication,adistinctionnotalwaysrecognizedintheageoftheInternet.Longbeforewehadcomputers,televisions,radios,telephonesandtelegraphs,newspaperswerethecheapestandmostefficientwaytoreachmassaudienceswithnews,commentaryandadvertising.Newspapers,fromtheirbeginningsashand-printed“broadsheets”,havebeenatruerandom-accessmedium-readerscanmoveeasilyandquicklythroughthedifferentsectionsofanewspaper,returningtothemdaysorevenweekslater.Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.

WhatDidtheGrowthofTVNewsMeantoNewspapers?

Withthegrowthoftelevisionnewsinthe1960s,newspapersconfrontedtheirfirstformidablecompetitor.Today,ABCNewsclaimsthatmoreAmericansgettheirnewsfromABCthanfromanyothersource—andit’sprobablytrue.TheUnitedStates’1,600dailynewspaperscontinuetoservemillionsofreaders,butnewspapersarenolongerthecountry’sdominantmassmedium.Howtosurviveandevenflourishinaculturemoreattunedto（吻合）electronicmediathantoprinter’sinkisthemostseriousissuefacingthenewspaperindustryasitentersthe21stcentury.

ItissafetosaythatnewspapersarenotabouttofollowtheMorsetelegraphintooblivion.Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium.Noonelugsacomputermonitortothebreakfasttabletogetthemorningnews.And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.

WhatExactlyIsNewsandHowDoesItWork?

Curiously,forapublicationcalledanewspaper,noonehasevercoinedastandarddefinitionofnews.Butforthemostpart,newsusuallyfallsunderonebroadclassification-theabnormal.Itishumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisastersthatoften“makethenews”.Reportersareanewspaper’sfront-lineeyesandears.Reportersglean（收集）informationfrommanysources,somepublic,suchaspolicerecords,andothersprivate,suchasagovernmentinformant.Occasionally,areporterwillgotojailratherthanrevealthenameofaconfidentialsourceforanewsstory.Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.

Somereportersareassignedtobeats,oranareaofcoverage,suchasthecourts,cityhall,education,business,medicineandsoforth.Othersarecalledgeneralassignmentreporters,whichmeanstheyareoncallforavarietyofstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.Inthemovies,reportershaveexciting,frenzied（狂热的）anddangerousjobsastheyliveafamouspronouncementofthenewspaperbusiness:“Comforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.”Althoughafewmembersofthemediahavebeenkilledasaresultofinvestigationsintowrongdoing,newspaperworkforthegreatmajorityofreportersisroutine.

Allreportersareultimatelyresponsibletoaneditor.Dependingonitssize,anewspapermayhavenumerouseditors,beginningwithanexecutiveeditorresponsibleforthenewsdivision.Immediatelybelowtheexecutiveeditoristhemanagingeditor,thepersonwhooverseestheday-to-dayworkofthenewsdivision.Othereditors―sports,photo,state,national,featuresandobituary（讣告）,forexample—mayalsoreporttothemanagingeditor.

However,thebestknownandinsomewaysthemostcrucialeditoristhecityormetroeditor.Thisistheeditorthatreportersworkfordirectly.Thecityormetroeditorassignsstones,enforcesdeadlinesandisthefirsttoseereporters’rawcopyonthecompositionsystemorcomputernetwork.Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.Oftenworkingunderthestressofbreakingnews,theirdecisionstranslatedirectlyintothecontentofthenewspaper.

Oncethecityormetroeditorhasfinishededitingareporter’srawcopy,thestorymovesfromthecompositionsystemviathecomputernetworktoanotherpartofthenewsdivision,thecopydesk.Here,copyeditorscheckforspellingandothererrorsofusage.Theymayalsolookfor“holes”inthestorythatwouldconfusereadersorleavetheirquestionsunanswered.Thecopydeskchiefroutesfinishedstoriestoothereditorswhofitlocalandwireservicestories,headlines（writtenbytheeditor—notthereporter!）anddigitalphotographsontopages.Newspapersareincreasinglydoingthiswork,calledpagination（分页）,withpersonalcomputersusingsoftwareavailableatanyofficesupplystore.MicrosoftWindows,WordandQuarkExpressarethreeprogramsthat,thoughnotdesignedfornewspaperproduction,areeasilyadaptedforit.

WhatAretheEditorialPagesAllAbout?

Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.Thisiswhereeditorials,unsignedcommentarythatreflectsthecollectivepositionofthenewspaper’seditorialboard,appear.Editorialsarenotnews,butratherreasonedopinionbasedonfacts.Forexample,editorialsmaycriticizetheperformanceofpublicofficialssuchasthemayor,thepolicechief,orthelocalschoolboard;conversely,editorialsmaypraiseothersfortheirciviccontributions.Whateverthetopic,newspapershopetheireditorialswillraisethelevelofcommunitydiscourse.

Twowaysthisoccursarefamiliartoanynewspaperreader―letterstotheeditorandop-edarticles（acontractionofopposite-editorialpage）.Lettersarealwaysamongthebest-readsectionofanynewspaper,forthisiswherereadersexpresstheiropinions.Op-edarticlesusuallyrun850to1,000words.Newspapersmakespaceforletterstotheeditorandop-edarticlesfreelyavailableaspartoftheircontributiontocivicdialogue.

Theeditorialpagesareunderthedirectionofaneditoroutsidethenewsdivision.Newspaperpeoplecallthis“separationofchurchandstate”,meaningthereisalinebetweennewsandopinionthatmustnotbecrossed.Todosostripsanewspaperofitsmostvaluableasset-credibility.Forthatreason,editorialpageeditorsatsomelargenewspapersreporttothepublisher,whoisthechiefexecutiveofficerofthecompany,andnottotheexecutiveeditor.Othernewspapersmayhavetheired