英语-第四周主从复合句

2.

Whether(不用if)

we

will

go

ickingtomorrow

dependson

the

weather.明天是否去野餐要看天气而定。主语3.

My

suggestion

isthat

we

should

turn

the

landinto

ricefields.

建议是:应当把那片地变成稻田。表语He

said

that

he

got

uplate

and

that

he

waslatefor

class.他说他起迟了并且上课

了。宾语She

has

made

it

clear

that

she

will

getmarried

next

month.她很清楚地表明将于下周结婚。宾语6.

Our

success

depends

on

whether(不的成功用if)

everyone

workshard.取决于大家是否努力。

宾语7.

Let

meknow

whether(不用if)or

not

you

can

come.告诉我你能不能来。宾语The

fact

that

he

lslies

allthe

time

makes

mesurprised.他一直说谎这个事实使我感到惊讶。同位语She

took

the

advice

that

she

wait

till

nextweek.她采纳了要她等到下周这个建议。作同位语归纳总结1.定义：名词性从句,顾名思义,其用法相当于一个名词的用法,在句中可用主语、表语、同位语、宾语,分别叫做主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句。2.

引导词：⑴that没有任何意义,不作任何句子成分,只起连接作用,故常可省略；⑵if/whether

有“是否”之意；⑶who, which,what,when,where,how,whoever(凡是……的人)等连接代词或连接副词,这些词本身有词义,也作句子成分,连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，连接副词在从句中作状语。3.几点注意：⑴主语从句作主语,主句谓语动词通常用单数;为使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语。⑵表语从句还可以用as

if,

as

though引导。⑶表示“是否”,引导宾语从句时可用if或whether，但在介词后或直接与ornot连用时,只能用whether引导(如6和7);引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时,只能用whether，不用

if(如2)。⑷同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea，promise，suggestion，advice

等抽象名词之后,说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导，不能由which引导(如8和9)。⑸当宾语从句又带有补语时，要用it作形式宾语(如5)。⑹在表示“建议”“命令”“要求”，如advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand,

request等词后的名词性从句，其谓语通常用“(should＋)动词

”

(如3)。⑺that引导名词性从句时,没有任何意义,也不作任何句子成分;但that引导定语从句时,它代表先行词,且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。如：I

still

remember

the

promise

that

he

made.我依然记得他许下的诺言。(是定语从句)The

naughtyboy

made

a

promise

that

hewould

never

makeanoise.那个淘气的孩子保证说他以后再也不吵闹了。(同位语从句)⑻what可引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句,有时相当于“the+名词＋that”,表示“(所)……的”。又如,What

(=The

thing

that)you

said

wasright.你所说的是正确的。状语从句熟读深思The

planehad

leftwhen

we

gotto

theairport.

当

到达机场时,飞机已经飞走了。(不用while)As

time

passed,the

event

became

moreandmorepopular.随着时间推移，这项赛事变得越来越受欢迎。(不用when或while)When

winter

comes,

it

escold.

每当冬天来临,天就变冷。(不用as或while)When

you

have

finishedyour

work,you

may

have

arest.当你完成工作后,你可以休息。(不用as或while)Please

write

while

Iread.我读的时候,请写下来。(不用as或when)The

moment

I

sawhim, I

recognizedhim.我一看到他,就认出了他。8.Since

everyone

is

here,let’s

begin

ourmeeting.既然大家都到了,就开始开会吧。9.As

she’s

been

ill,perhapss

needsome

help.由于病了,她可能需要些帮助。If

you

will

go

with

me,I’ll

wait

foryou.如果你愿意跟我去,我就等你。He

won’t

succeedunless

he

works

hard.

除非下苦功夫,否则他是不会成功的。I

left

at6：00

sothat/in

order

that

Icould

catch

thetrain.为了赶上火车,我六点就出门了。It

was

so

hot

that

we

wanted

to

go

swimming.天气太热，

想去游泳。14.Hard

as/though

they

tried

(=Although/Though

they

tried

hard),they

couldn’t

make

her

change

hermind.尽管他们做了很大努力,却没法让她改变主意。15.The

work

is

not

so

difficult

as

you

imagine.这工作不像你那么困难。16.Doas

Itoldyou

to.按我告诉你的那样做。1.引导状语从句的从属连词：归纳总结类型从属连词时间状语从句when(当……时)，while(在……期间)，as(随着，一边……一边……)，before，after，since，till/until，whenever，assoon

as，themoment等原因状语从句because(因为)，as(由于)，since(既然)，

now(that)(既然)，seeing(that)(由于,鉴于),considering(that)(考虑到)，

given(that)等条件状语从句if，unless，as/so

long

as(只要)，supposing/provided/providing(that)(假如)等目的状语从句so

that，in

orderthat，in

case，lest(免得，以防)等结果状语从句so

that(以致，结果)，so/such...that等地点状语从句where(在……的地方)，wherever(在……的任何地方)等比较状语从句(as...)as，(not

as/so...)as，than等方式状语从句as(按照，像……那样)，as

if或asthough(好像)等让步状语从句although，though，as，while(虽然)，even

if/though(即使)，whatever，wherever，however，whenever(=no

matter

when无论何时)，whether...or...(无论……还是……)2.用法要点提示：⑴在时间状语或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,

用现在完成时代替将来完成时。⑵辨析：when，while，as引导时间状语从句。while必须与延续性动词连用；强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间时,只能用while(如5);

表示“随着”只能用as(如2);表示有规律的“每当”时或主句动作与从句动作有先后时,只能用when(如3和4)。⑶辨析：because，since，as引导原因状

语从句。because语气最强，表示直接的原

因，是说话人认为对方不知道的原因，它引导的从句通常位于主句之后；在回答why时，或者在强调结构中，只能用because(如7)。since和as是对大家已知的事实提供理由或背景，它们引导的从句多位于主句前，有时也位于主句后。⑷as引导让步状语从句时,从句中的状语、表语或动词必须置于句首(如14);though引导让步状语从句,这些成分可置于句首也可用正常语序;但although等其它词引导的让步状语从句不能将这些成分前置。⑸表示“虽然”的连词不能与表示“但是”的连词but连用；表示“原因”的because等连词不可与表示结果的连词so等同时使用。熟读深思朗读下列句子,注意体会定语从句的用法。1.This

is

the

man

who

helped

meyesterday.这就是昨天帮助

那个人。(作主语)定语从句The

teacher

(who/whom/that)

youwant

toseeiscoming.你要见的老师来了。(作see的宾语,可以省略)I

met

a

boy

whose

father

was

aastronaut.我认识一位男孩,他的父亲是宇航员。(作定语)I

like

the

book

which/that

wasbought

yesterday.我喜欢昨天买的那本书。This

is

the

factory

(which/that)

we

visited

last

year.这就是

去年参观的那家工厂。(作visited的宾语,

可以省略)Hehas

a

book

whose

cover(=the

cover

of

which)isverybeautiful.他有一本封面非常漂亮的书。Last

night

I

saw

a

very

goodfilm,

which(不用that)was

about

the

Second

World

War.昨晚我看了一部非常优秀的影片,这部影片是关于二战的。Charles

Smith,who(不用that)was

my

former

teacher,retired

last

year.·

去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。We

must

help

those

who(不用that)

need

help.

应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。Allthat(不用which)can

be

done

has

been

done.能做的都已经做了。Thisisthe

best

that(不用which)

has

been

used

against

pollution.这是用来防止污染的最好办法。Theyoften

talk

about

the

peopleandthethings

that(不用that)they

are

interested

in.他们常常谈论那些他们感的人和事。The

time

when

(=at

which)

I

met

Nelson

Mandelawas

avery

difficult

periodof

my

life.第一次见到

·

的时候,是我一生中非常艰难的时期。The

school

where(=at/in

which)I

studied

was

3

kilometers

away

frommyhome.我读过书的那所学校离我家有三公里远。The

reason

why(=for

which)he

was

late

was

that

he

missed

his

train.

他迟到是因为误了火车。Don’t

forget

the

time

(that/which)

I’ve

told

you.别忘了我告诉你的时间。The

earthquake

was

feltin

Beijing,which

is

more

than

two

hundred

kilometers

away.

两百公里以外的市都感到了

。The

room

whose

window

faces

south

is

mine.那间窗子朝

的房间是

。That’s

the

reasons

(that/which)

he

explained

to

us.这就是他向

解释的理由。定义：定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面，这个名词叫做先行词；连接主句与从句的词叫关系词。关系词有三个作用：一是连接主句与从句；二是指代先行词；三是在从句中充当句子成分。选择关系词的两条重要依据：先行词是人还是物？在从句中作何种句子成分？归纳总结先行词人物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语who(m)/that作定语whosewhose/of

which作状语时间when地点wherereason后whyway后that/in

which/-⑴在限制性定语从句中which,who,whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。⑵在非限制性定语从句中,或者当先行词是指人的those，anyone，everyone，people，he，all，few，one

(s)等时,不能用that引导。⑶以下情况下一般用that：①当先行词是指物的all，little，few，much，any，anything，everything，nothing，none，the

one时,

或先行词被all，little,

few,

much,

any,

every,no等修饰时；②

先行词是序数词或

形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last，next)、形容词及the

only，the

very等修饰时；③先行词包括人和物时；⑷当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因(且只能是reason)等,且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时,就分别用when、where、why来引导定语从句。另外，when,where,

why一般可用“介词+which”

替代,其中reason后的why通常用for

which替代。当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词语时,

不一定填关系副词when, where,

why,

只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时,才会用关系副词,

否则要用关系代词。“介词+关系代词(whom/which)”引导的定语从句熟读深思1.

Have

you

ever

dreamed

of

playing

infront

of

thousands

of

people

at

aconcert,

at

which

everyone

is

clapand

appreciating

your

music？They

may

start

as

a

group

of

high-school

students,

for

whom

practisingtheir

music

in

someone’s

house

is

thestep

to

fame.Later,

they

may

give

performances

inpubs

or

clubs,

for

which

they

are

paidin

cash.The

musicians

were

to

play

jokes

oneach

other

as

well

as

play

music,

most

of

which

was

based

loosely

on

the

Beatles.However,

after

a

year

or

soin

which

they

became

more

serious

about

theirwork,

…6.

The

man

with

whom

my

fatheris talking

now

is

a

man.=The

man

(who/whom/—)my

fatheris talking

with

now

is

a

man.,这时这些关系代1.在“介词+关系代词”

中,先行词指人时只能用whom

,

先行词指物时只能用which

;但当介词不直接放在关系代词前面,而位于定词从句末尾时,

先行指人时关系代词可以

用who

w/hom

th/

at

；先行指物时，关系代词可以用which

th/

at词往往可以省略。2.研析句3(pay...for...)可知,介词由定语从句中的

谓语动词与介词的搭配关系来确定。由句1和句5可知,介词由定语从句中的

先行词来确定；有时需要根据全句的意思,

综合考虑才能确定。which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别熟读深思熟读下列句子。1.As

is

known

to

us

all,the

earthmovesround

the

sun.从所,地球是围绕太阳运动的.2.

David,as

you

know,is

a

photographer.戴维是个摄影师，你是知道的。(不可用which)3.Li

Ming

is

late,as

is

often

the

case.

迟到了,这是经常发生的。(可用which)Li

Ming

was

late,

which(=and

this)

made

Mr.

Zhang

ver

ry.了,这使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)He

married

her,which

was

unexpected.

他和她结婚了,这是出乎意料的。(不可用as)当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时,这类非限制性定语从句只能由which或as来引导。两者的区别在于：1.which引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,而as引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后；归纳总结which常译作“这”;而as常译作“正如”,且多与see,expect,

imagine,know,hope等动词连用；在定语从句中作主语时,若用as,其谓语部分一般有be;若谓语是不含be的行为动词时,要用which。as

引导的定语从句只表示一个众所

或意料之中的事，而which不受此限制；as常用于固定搭配中：as

is

often

the

case(这是常有的事),

as

we

expected(不出所料);as

often

happens(正如经常发生的那样);

asis

known

to

all

(众所

);

as

has

beensaidbefore

(如上所述);

as

is

mentioned

above(正如上面所提到的)等等。也是写作中必用的表达。解题方法:当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子),且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，应填关联词;若其中一个句子是作整个句子的一个成分，如定语、状语(如时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等)，或者主语、宾语、表语、同位语等时，就要填引导从句的关联词。根据一个句子在整个句子中所作句子成分确定从句类型后,就根据该类从句的关联词的使用特点确定具体的关联词。主从复合句与主从复合句是高考高考语法填空的必考点，请根据以上技巧,完成以下与主从复合句相关的

高考试题。1.

My

friends

walkedmetothe

bus

stopand

waited

with

me

17

_until

the

busarrived.空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词,应填关联词;由两句之间的逻辑关系可知,是“等到车来”,表示“直到”用until,引导时间状语从句。2.

Behind

him

were

other

people

to_w_hom

21

he

was

trying

to

talk,

...空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词,应填关联词;后面一句应当这样理解hewas

trying

totalk

tothepeople,可见,后面一句是定语从句,先行词是people,直接在介词后应用关系代词whom引导定语从句。3.

We

understand

this

lesson

best

whenwereceive

gifts

of

love

from

children.引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。4.

Hefilled

hisleather

container

so

that

hecould

bring

some

back

to

an

elder

who

had

been

histeacher.引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词是表示人的an

elder,故填who。5.

Jane

paused

in

front

of

acounter

where

some

attractive

ties

were

ondisplay.因两句之间没有连词,必定是填连词；后句是定语从句,要填的词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。6.

One

day,

he

came

up

with

an

ideathat_

he

would

pluck

up

all

of

his

cropa

few

inches.

He

did

so

the

next

day.引导同位语从句,说明idea的具体同内容;从句的结构和意义完整,用that引导。7.

The

head

ofthe

village

was

tying

uphis

horse

to

mycar

to

pull

itto

asmalltown

some

20

kilometers

away

whe_re

there

was

a

garage.先行词是asmalltown,并在定语从句中作状语,用where(=inwhich)引导定语从句。注意,先行词与定语从句之间被some

20

kilometersaway隔开了。8.

...I

was

wondering

where

I

was

going

tospend

the

night

when

I

realized

that

thevillagers

who

hadgathered

around

mewerearguingas

to

32

who

should

have

thehonour

ofreceiving

me

as

aguest

in

theirhouse.因as

to(关于)是介词,

其后应接宾语;

由shouldhave...可知，as

to后是宾语从句,

宾语从句中shouldhave是谓语,

前面缺主语;

由

可知“有幸接待

应是人,故用who引导宾语从句。灵活运用1.

Before

a

problem

can

be

solved,

itmustbe

obvious

_w_hat_

the

problemitselfis.在此引导主语从句,同时它在主语从句中用作表语。句意为:在解决一个问题之前，必须要弄明白问题本身是什么。2.

It

was

never

clear

why_

the

manhadn’t

reported

the

accident

sooner.根据主句句意可知。句意为：这个人为什么没有更

告事故从未被弄明白。3.

Itis

still

underdiscussion

whether

theold

bus

station

should

be

replaced

witha

modern

ho

or

not.根据句末的ornot可知。whether引导的是主语从句(句首的it为形式主语)。句意为：老车站是否会被一家现代化的宾馆取代还在中。4.

I’m

afraid

he

is

more

of

a

talker

thana

doer,

which

is

why

he

never

finishesanything.引导表语从句,用以解释he

never

finishesanything的原因。5.

The

shocking

news

made

me

realizewhat_

terrible

problems

we

would

face.在此引导宾语从句,同时它在宾语从句中修饰terrible

problems,并与terrible

problems一样用作动词face的宾语。句意为：这条令人

的消息使我会多么可怕的问题。life.在此引导宾语从句，同时在宾语从句中用作定语,修饰use。7.

Iwant

to

be

liked

and

loved

for

what

I

aminside.引导宾语从句并在宾语从句中用作表语。句意为：因为自己内在的东西而受人喜欢和热爱。6.

It

is

notalways

easyfor

the

public

to

seewhat

use

a

new

invention

can

be

of

to

human8.Part

of

the

reason

Charles

Dickensloved

his

own

novel,

David

Copperfield,onhisown

life.固定句式：The

reason(for/why...)isthat...(……的原因是……)中的that引导表语从句。was

_that

it

was

rather

closelymodeled9.

What

some

people

regard

as

adrawback

is

seen

as

a

plus

by

manyothers.引导主语从句并在主语从句中作动词regard的宾语,相当于the

thingthat。句意为：被一些人视为不利因素的东西在另外许多人看来则是有利的因素。10.

Cindy

shut

the

door

heavily

andburst

into

tears.

No

one

inthe

officeknew

why_

she

was

so

angry.引导宾语从句，表示“……的原因”“为什么……”,用why。句意是:没有人知道他如此生气的原因。11.

—Have

you

finished

the

book？—

No.I’veread

up

to

wherethe

childrendiscover

the

secret

cave.引导宾语从句,用作介词to的宾语,其意为“……的地方”。12.

It

never

occurred

to

me

that

you

couldsucceed

in

persuading

him

to

change

hismind.引导主语从句,句首的it为形式主语。句型It

neveroccurred

to

me

that...的意思是“我从来没有想

到…”。13.

While/Although

all

of

them

are

strongcandidates,

only

one

will

be

chosen

forthe

post.在此表示“虽然”“尽管”。句意为:尽管他们所有的人都是很强的候选人,但这个职位只选一个。14.

To

show

our

respect,

we

usually

haveto

take

our

gloves

off

_whoeverwe

are

toshake

hands

with.在此引导让步状语从句,与no

matterwho同义,句意为：为了表示礼貌,无论与谁握手,

通常都要摘下手套。William

and

Kate

Middleton

walkedintothe

palace

hall

of

theweddingceremony.此题很容易误解为强调句型。事实上,此题是考查when引导的时间状语从句,句式为“It

is(was)+时间+when从句”,其字面意思是“当……的时候,时间是……”。15.

It

was

April

29,

2001

when

Prince16.

As

it

reported,

it

is

100

years

_since_

Qinghua

University

wasfounded.根据主句的一般现在时(is)和从句的一般过去时(was

founded)可知,只有since适合这类句式,表示“自……以来有多长时间了”。17.

Unless

regular

exercise

is

veryimportant,

it’s

never

a

good

idea

toexercise

too

close

to

bedtime.本题意为：除非定期的锻炼非常重要，否则在太靠近

睡觉的时间进行锻炼不是个好主意。18.

Once

they

decide

which

college

to

go

to,students

should

research

the

admissionprocedures.引导状语从句，表示“一旦”。19.

The

girl

had

hardly

rung

the

bell

when

the

door

was

opened

suddenly,

and

her

friendrushed

out

to

greet

her.因hardly...when...是固定句式,表示“刚……就”。20.

The

old

man

asked

Lucy

to

move

toanother

because

chair he

wanted

to

sitnextto

his

wife.引导原因状语从句。21.

The

little

boywon’t

go

to

sleep

unlesshismother ls

him

a

story.引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，用unless。固定句式：it

won’t

be

long

before...

之后就……。23.

Although/Though/While

the

Internet

isof

great

help,

I

don’t

think

it’s

a

good

ideatospendtoo

much

time

on

it.表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。22.

John

thinks

itwon’t

be

long

before

he

isready

for

his

new

job.24.

However

hungry

I

am,

I

never

seem

tobeable

to

finish

offthis

loaf

of

bread.表示“不管多么”，后接形容词或副词，用however，相当于no

matter

how。25.

Whatever

is

left

over

may

be

putintotherefrigerator,

where

it

will

keep

for

two

orthree

weeks.由于定语从句it

will

keepfor

two

or

three

weeks是一个整的句子,并不缺主语或宾语,先行词therefrigerator(冰箱)表地点。26.

Mary

wasmuch

kinder

to

Jack

thanshe

was

to

the

others,

_w_hich

,

of

course,made

all

the

others

upset.引导非限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中用主语（注意关系代词which与其后的谓语动词made被of

course隔开了）。27.

Between

the

two

parts

of

the

concertis

an

interval,

when

the

audience

canbuy

ice-cream.做好此题的关键是要知道interval这个词的意思,它表示“间隔”“幕间休息”,也就是说它是一个表示时间的名词,所以其后用表示时间的关系副词when。28.The

days

are

gone

when

physicalstrength

was

all

you

needed

to

make

aliving.在此引导定语从句修饰先行词thedays。由于先行词指时间,故要用关系副词

when。29.

The

school

shop,

whose

customersare

mainly

students,

is

closed

for

theholidays.在此引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作定语,根据句意,由于shop与customers之间为所有关系,故填whose。30.

The

old

town

has

narrow

streets

andwere

builtclose

to

eachsmallhouses

that

other.引导定语从句,并充当从句的主语。31.

Stephen

Hawking

believes

that

the

earthis

unlikely

to

be

the

only

planet

where

lifehas

developed

gradually.引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。32.

I’ve e

good

friends

with

severalof

the

students

in

my

school

who

I

metin

the

English

speech

contest

last

year.引导定语从句并在从句中作met的宾语,先行词是表示人的students,故用关系代词who。注意：先行词与关系代词之间被inmyschool分隔开了,要注意分辨。33.

The

girl

arranged

to

have

pianolessons

at

the

training

centre

withhersister

_where_ d

stay

for

an

hour.引导定语从句,用以修饰先行词thetraining

centre。where在此相当于andthere。was

someone

else’s

fault.引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词something指事物,多用that。As

a

child,

Jack

studied

in

a

village

school,

iswnhaicmhed

after

hisgrandfather.引导非限制性定语从句,并在定语从句中作主语,先行词是village

school。I

refuse

to

accept

the

blame

forsomething

thatAll

_that

glitters

is

not

good.先行词是指物的all时，关系代词只能用that。This

is

the

boy

whos_e

mother

isateacher.作定语，指“那个男孩的”母亲。38.

I’ll

never

forget

the

day

when

I

spentmyholiday

in

Hawaii.先行词是表示时间的词，且在定语从句中作状语，相当于on

which，故用关系副词。39.

I’ll

never

forget

the

day

(which/that_)

Ispent

there.虽然先行词是表示时间的词，但在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词。39.

I’ll

never

forget

the

dayw_here

Ispent

there.先行词是表示地点的词,且在定语从句中作状语,用关系副词。40.

The

school

(which/that)

I

learnedEnglish

was

very

large.虽然先行词是表示地点的词,但在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故用关系代词。虽然先行词是表示地点的词,但在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故用关系代词。41.

The

school

which/that

I

visited

yesterdaywas

very

large.42.

Can

youabsent

today？先行词是reason,在定语从句中作状语,相当于forwhich,故用关系副词why。l

me

the

reason

why

you

were43.

The

reason

which/that

he

gave

for

notcoming

was

that

his

mother

didn’t

allow

himto.先行词虽然是reason,但在定语从句中作gave的宾语，故用关系代词。44.

English

is

a

language

shared

by

severaldiverse

cultures,

each

of

which

uses

itsomewhat

differently.引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的cultures。45.The

newly

built

café,

the

walls

of_w_hich_are

painted

light

green,

is

really

apeaceful

place

for

us,

specially

after

hardwork.引导非限制性定语从句,of表示所属关系,the

walls

of

which在含义上相当于

and

the

walls

of

it(这座咖啡馆的墙)。46.

The

settlement

is

home

to

nearly

1,000

people,

many

of

whom

left

theirvillage

homes

for

a

better

life

in

the

city.引导定语从句并在从句中作介词of的宾语,先行词是人,故用whom。of表示部分与整体的关系,many

of

whom相当于and

many

ofthem(其中许多人)。47.

The

day

which/that_

he

was

born

on

isOctober

10th.关系代词作介词on的宾语,但不直接在on后面,可以填which或that。48.She

was

educatedatBeijing

university,after

which

she

went

to

have

her

advancedstudy

abroad.这里的after

which相当于and

after

that,

指“在北京大学读书之后”。49.

In

the

dark

street,

there

wasn’t

asingle

to

whom

she

couldturnfor

help.搭配：turn

to

sb.

for

help向

求助。50.

I

have

many

friends,

_of

whom

someare

businessmen.表示部分与整体的关系,of

whom

some

arebusinessmen相当于andsome

of

them

arebusinessmen