(新高考)高考英语二轮复习专练08 故事叙述类阅读理解(解析版)

备战2021届题型专练（新高考）08专练08故事叙述类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。【得分要点】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。一、记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。三、记叙文答题技巧一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。No.1顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。No.2左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。No.3刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。No.4拨云见日每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。【真题再现】【2020年1月·浙江卷，A】Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A.diet. B.Strict. C.Humorous. D.Considerate.22.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A.Desiretoread. B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.C.Interestingames. D.Fearofthelibraryrules.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.guidebook. B.anautobiography. C.anewsreport. D.bookreview.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。21.推理判断题。根据第一段中Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.（我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs.Calloway很严格。故选B。22.词义猜测题。根据下文Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。23.推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。【题型演练】1Jeanisabrightyoungwomanwhocomesfromarichandfamousfamily.Shegoestoagooduniversityandhaseverythingthatmoneycanbuy.Well,almosteverything.TheproblemisthatthepeopleinJean'sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.Infact,Jeanisquitelonely.SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.Shelikesbeinganonymous(匿名),talkingtopeoplewhodonotknowaboutherfamousfamilyandherrichlife.SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshekeepsintouchwithquiteoften.LastyearJeanmadeaveryspecialfriendonQQ.HisnamewasDavidandlivedinSanFrancisco.Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.HeandJeanhadacommon(共同的)interestinrockmusicandmoderndance.SoitalwaystookthemhourstotalkhappilyonQQandsometimestheyevenforgottheirtime.Ofcourse,theywantedtoknowmoreabouteachother.Davidsentapictureofhimself:Hewasatall,good-lookingyoungmanwithabig,happysmile.Astimewentby,theybecamegoodfriendsandoftensentcardsandsmallthingstoeachother.WhenJean'sfathertoldherthathewasgoingonabusinesstriptoSanFrancisco,sheaskedhimtolethergowithhimsothatshecouldgiveDavidasurpriseforhisbirthday.ShewouldtakehimthelatestDVDoftheirfavoriterocksinger.ButwhensheknockedonDavid'sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!1.JeanspendsalotofhertimeonQQbecausesheis_______.A.rich B.famousC.young D.lonely2.Jeanthought“David”wasspecialbecausehe_______.A.madeherquitehappyonQQ B.wasfromSanFranciscoC.sentherapictureofhimself D.wastallandgood-looking3.WhenJeanand“David”metandintroducedthemselvestoeachother,whofeltsurprised?A.“David” B.Both“David”andJean.C.Jean. D.Neither“David”norJean.4.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Don'tbelievethoseyougettoknowonQQsoeasily.B.Peopledon'tusetheirrealnamesonQQsooften.C.Don'tgotomeetthoseyougettoknowonQQ.D.PeopleshouldtelltheirrealnamestoothersonQQ.【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻靓丽的Jean在QQ上结识了一个好朋友大卫，见面时，却发现他竟是一个只有12岁的孩子。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheproblemisthatthepeopleinJean'sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.Infact,Jeanisquitelonely.”（问题是Jean的家人都很忙，几乎没有时间陪她，事实上，她很孤独）及第二段中的“SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.”（于是她花很多时间在QQ上）可知，Jean把很多时间都花在QQ聊天上是因为她很孤独，故D项正确。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.”（大卫总是给她讲故事和笑话）可知，Jean认为大卫很特别是因为他总是在QQ上逗她开心，故A项正确。3.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Jeanisabrightyoungwoman”（Jean是一个靓丽的年轻女子）及第三段中的“ButwhensheknockedonDavid'sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!”（但是当敲开大卫的家门时，她发现这个特别的朋友竟是一个12岁的男孩）可知，当看到与她聊了这么长时间的朋友竟然是一个只有12岁的男孩时，Jean一定会感到非常惊讶（因为大卫在QQ上隐瞒了真实年龄，Jean则没有，所以见面时，大卫不会感到惊讶，惊讶的是Jean），故C项正确。4.主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“ButwhensheknockedonDavid'sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!”（但是当敲开大卫的家门时，她发现这个特别的朋友竟是一个12岁的男孩）可知，本文主要讲述的是年轻靓丽的Jean在QQ上结识了一个好朋友大卫，见面时却发现他是一个只有12岁的孩子，文章用这个故事告诉我们不要轻易相信那些在QQ上结识的“朋友”，故A项正确。2Acampaign（活动）isbeinglaunchedtoencouragechildrentogiveup30minutesofscreentimeadaytoheadforthegreatoutdoors.ThenewlyformedWildNetwork—acooperationofnearly400organisations---istryingtoattractteenagersawayfromtelevisionandcomputerscreenandintofields,woodsandparks.OrganiserssaythatitistheUK'sbiggestevercampaigntoreconnectchildrenwithnatureandoutdoorplay,andthatitcouldhelpimprovefitness,mental（精神的）healthandgeneralwellbeing.Adocumentaryfilm,ProjectWildThing,willannouncethelaunchatmorethan50cinemasacrosstheUKfromFriday.Itlooksattheincreasinglyweaklinkbetweenchildrenandnature.AndySimpson,chairmanoftheWildNetwork,said:"Thesadtruthisthatkidshavelosttouchwithnature.Timespentoutdoorsisdown,activityareasandlevelsarefallingstronglyandtheabilitytoidentifycommonspecies（物种）hasbeenlost."Suggestionsofhowtogetmoretimeinnatureincludecampingorracingandobservingautumncolourontreesandsoon.FromJanuary,thenetworkwillaimtomakesuggestionstopoliticiansonhowgovernmentcandomoretogetchildrenmuddy（沾满泥污的）andbright¬-eyed.Thisisnotthefirsttimethemessageoflessscreen,moreplayhasbeenbroughtup.Childreninthe1980swereaskedtodothesamebytheBBCTVseriesWhyDon'tYou,whichsomewhatconfusinglycalledonitsviewersto"switchoffyourTVset,anddosomethinglessboringinstead".5.Thepurposeofthecampaignistocallonkids____________.A.toloveanimals B.toplayoutdoorsC.togiveupscreens D.toprotectnature6.WhatmaymakeAndySimpsonsad?A.Kids'disabilitytonamesomecreatures.B.ThefallingdurationofRids'vacations.C.Strictrulesonkids'outdooractivities.D.Thedisappearanceofcommonspecies.7.Whatdoesthenetworkappealtothegovernmenttodo?A.Reconnectkidswithnature. B.Providekidswithmoremud.C.Takemeasurestoprotectkids. D.Payattentiontoeyeprotection.8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheBBCTVseries?A.TotellthedevelopmentofBBCTVseries.B.Toprovetherecognitionofhissuggestion.C.ToshowtheTVseriescausedconfusion.D.TocomparepresentTVserieswitholdones.【答案】5.B6.A7.A8.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者讲述了一个活动theWildNetwork（野生网络），来呼吁儿童尽可能多的与大自然的接触，从大自然中学习并收益，而不是整天对着电脑和电视等。5.细节理解题。由第一段句子“Acampaign（活动）isbeinglaunchedtoencouragechildrentogiveup30minutesofscreentimeadaytoheadforthegreatoutdoors.”可知，发起这个活动的主要目的是呼吁孩子每天放弃30分钟的屏幕时间，去户外玩，故选B项。6.细节理解题。由第三段句子“Thesadtruthisthatkidshavelosttouchwithnature.Timespentoutdoorsisdown,activityareasandlevelsarefallingstronglyandtheabilitytoidentifycommonspecies（物种）hasbeenlost.”可知，孩子失去了辨别物种的能力，即孩子无法说出一些生物的名称，A选项正确，BCD选项均未提及，故选A项。7.推理判断题。由第四段句子“FromJanuary,thenetworkwillaimtomakesuggestionstopoliticiansonhowgovernmentcandomoretogetchildrenmuddy（沾满泥污的）andbright-eyed.”和第五段句子“Thisisnotthefirsttimethemessageoflessscreen,moreplayhasbeenbroughtup.”可知，此处的muddy并非是给孩子提供泥巴，而是让孩子有更多的时间远离屏幕，接触大自然，在大自然中玩耍，即让孩子重新接触大自然，故选A项。8.推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Thisisnotthefirsttimethemessageoflessscreen,moreplayhasbeenbroughtup.”可知，这已经不是第一次提倡少看屏幕，多去户外玩耍了。接下来后句提到的theBBCTVseries同样也有此提倡，可推知，作者在文中提到theBBCTVseries是为了证明其对自己的建议的认可，且符合文章的主旨，故选B项。3Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.They’dbeenplantedeverywhere—infrontofhomes,alongsidewalks,aroundthelocalhighschool.Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwordsinsimpleblacktype:“Don’tGiveUp,”“YouAreWorthyofLove,”“YourMistakesDoNotDefineYou.”ThehighschoolinNewberg,Oregon,hadlostfourstudentsandthreeformergraduatestokillthemselvesthatyear,sothetownof25,000instantlyunderstoodthemessages.AmyWolffhaddoneso,inpart,becauseshe’dlostherownteenagebrotherinanaccidentabout20yearsearlier.Itwascompassion(同情)forcompassion’ssake.YetasWolffsawthedeepemotionhersigninspiredinherneighbors,shedecidedtostepforwardtosharehermessagepublicly.Instantly,herinboxwasfloodedwithrequestsformoresigns.Sincethen,theDon’tGiveUpMovementhasspreadfromNewbergtotheheartsandyardsofpeopleineverystate.Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.“It’saterriblebusinessdecisionifwewantedtofunctionlikeabusiness,”shesays.ChrisanneMogercommentedononeofthemovement’spostsabouttheneedforoneparticularsign,“We’reAllinThisTogether.”ShethoughtitwouldreallyspeaktoaworldhuddlingtogetherunderthecloudofCOVID-19.Wolffagreed,andshereceived750orderswithinaweekofitscreation.AmotherinColorado,unabletotravelduringthequarantine(隔离),contactedtheorganizationafterherstepson’ssuddendeath.“Isawoneofyoursignsrecentlyanditwasatouchingmessagefromabovetohangon.”shewrote.Awareoftheaddedemotionalchallengesisolationbrings,theDon’tGiveUpMovementhassinceofferedtosendhandwrittenlettersofsupporttoanyoneinquarantinewhoneedsit.9.WhydidthesignssuddenlyappeareverywhereinNewberg?A.Theyfeaturedsomeinspiringwords.B.Thehighschoolhadlostseveralstudents.C.Theyconveyedsimplemessages.D.TheoutbreakofCOVID-19scaredpeople.10.WhatdoyouknowabouttheDon’tGiveUpMovement?A.Itisanon-profitorganization.B.Itmetallrequestsofneighbors.C.Itgraduallywontheheartsofpeople.D.ItwasstartedinhonorofAmy’sbrother.11.Whateffectdothemessagesfromthepostshave?A.Theybringemotionalchallenges.B.Theyoffergreatencouragement.C.TheyprovideinformationforCOVID-19.D.Theyimproveinterpersonalrelationships.12.WhatdoyouthinkofAmyWolff?A.She’sactiveandopen-minded. B.She’stalkativeandsociable.C.She’sdecisiveandambitious. D.She’sselflessanddevoted.【答案】9.B10.A11.B12.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了由AmyWolff最初在小镇各处插上的鼓舞人心的标语牌发展而来的非营利组织Don’tGiveUp，在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下，带给人们心灵上的鼓励和慰藉。9.细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThehighschoolinNewberg,Oregon,hadlostfourstudentsandthreeformergraduatestokillthemselvesthatyear,sothetownof25,000instantlyunderstoodthemessages.（俄勒冈州纽伯格的这所高中在那一年失去了四名学生和三名前毕业生自杀，所以这个拥有25，000人口的小镇立刻明白了这条信息。）”可知，突然在纽伯格到处都出现了这些标志是因为这所高中失去了几个学生。故选B项。10.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.“It’saterriblebusinessdecisionifwewantedtofunctionlikeabusiness,”shesays.（Wolff只收取材料和运输费用。她说：“如果这个组织像企业一样运作，那么这将是一个糟糕的商业决策。”）可知，说明这个组织不以牟利为目的，是一个非盈利性组织。故选A项。11.推理判断题。根据第四段中“ChrisanneMogercommentedononeofthemovement’spostsabouttheneedforoneparticularsign,“We’reAllinThisTogether.”ShethoughtitwouldreallyspeaktoaworldhuddlingtogetherunderthecloudofCOVID-19.

（ChrisanneMoger在该运动的一篇帖子中就需要一个特定的标识发表了评论：“我们在一起”。她认为，这真的可以向一个被COVID-19笼罩的世界发出声音。）”可知，这些帖子的信息给了很大的精神鼓励。故选B项。12.推理判断题。根据第二段中“AmyWolffhaddoneso,inpart,becauseshe’dlostherownteenagebrotherinanaccidentabout20yearsearlier.Itwascompassion(同情)forcompassion’ssake.（AmyWolff之所以这么做，部分原因是她在20年前的一场事故中失去了自己十几岁的弟弟。这是出于同情而同情。）”；第三段中“Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.（Wolff只收取材料和运输费用。）”以及倒数第二段中“Wolffagreed,andshereceived750orderswithinaweekofitscreation.

（Wolff同意了，她在公司成立的一周内就收到了750份订单。）”以及全文可以看出AmyWolff是一个无私且有奉献精神的人。故选D项。4Ourhousewasacrossthestreetfromahospital.Werentedtheupstairsroomstooutpatientsattheclinic.OnesummereveningasIwaspreparingsupper,therewasaknockatthedoor.Iopenedittoseeatrulyawfullookingmanhardlytallerthanmyeight-year-olddaughter.Butthefrighteningthingwashisswollenface.Hetoldmehe’dbeenhuntingforaroomsincenoonbutnooneseemedtohavearoom.ForamomentIhesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme:“Icouldsleepontheporch（门廊）.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning.”Iwentinsideandfinishedgettingsupper.Whenwewereready,Iaskedhimtojoinus.“Nothankyou.Ihaveplenty.”Andheheldupabrownpaperbag.WhenIhadfinishedthedishes,Iwentouttotalkwithhimafewminutes.Hetoldmehefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,whowashopelesslydisabled,andherfivechildren.Hedidn’ttellitbywayofcomplaint;infact,hewasgratefulthatnopainaccompaniedhisdisease.Hethankedlifeforgivinghimthestrengthtokeepgoing.Atbedtime,weputacampsmallbedinthechildren’sroomforhim.WhenIgotupinthemorning,thebedlinenswereneatlyfoldedandthelittlemanwasoutontheporch.Herefusedbreakfast,butjustbeforeheleft,hesmiled,“Yourchildrenmademefeelathome.Grownupsarebotheredbymyface,butchildrendon’tseemtomind.”Itoldhimhewaswelcometocomeagain.Intheyearshecametostayovernightwithustherewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusfishorvegetables.Othertimeswereceivedpackages.Knowingthathemustwalkthreemilestomailthese,andknowinghowlittlemoneyhehadmadethegiftsmoreprecious.Iknowourfamilyalwayswillbegratefultohaveknownhim;fromhimwelearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.13.Whatactuallyledtotheoldman’sfailuretogetaroombefore?A.Hisfishingjob. B.Hisuglyappearance.C.Hisdisableddaughter. D.Hislackofmoney.14.Whydidtheauthorfinallyaccepttheoldman?A.Hewasinverybadcondition.B.Hemightattackherunlessaccepted.C.Hewouldn’tbotherthemtoomuch.D.Theauthorhadabigfamilytosupport.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theoldmanoftencametoaskforhelpeversince.B.Theoldmanactuallydidn’teatanythingforsupper.C.Itwasnoteasyfortheoldmantosendtheauthorgifts.D.Theauthor’shelptaughttheoldmantoliveindependently.16.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Apreciousgift!B.Asilentcomplaint!C.Astubbornfisherman!D.Anincrediblemeeting!【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位渔夫在作者家过夜，为了回报作者一家，渔夫每次来都会带各种礼物，作者表面讲述的是渔夫带给我们礼物，其实是讲渔夫的出现是上帝赠予我们的很好的礼物，因为他教会了我们“感恩，不能以貌取人，心灵美”等诸多道理。13.推理判断题。根据第二段“hehadbeenhuntingforaroomsincenoonbutnooneseemedtohavearoom.(他从中午就一直在找房间，但似乎谁也没有房间。)”结合前文“Iopenedittoseeatrulyawfullookingmanhardlytallerthanmyeight-year-olddaughter.(我打开门一看，是一个长相非常可怕的男人，几乎不比我8岁的女儿高。)”以及“Butthefrighteningthingwashisswollenface.(但最可怕的是他那肿胀的脸。)”对他的外表的描写，可推测房客们因为他丑陋的长相而不愿意让他住下，故选B项。

14.细节理解题。根据第二段“ForamomentIhesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme:“Icouldsleepontheporch.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning.”(我犹豫了一会儿，但他接下来的话说服了我:“我可以睡在门廊上。我的公交车一大早就会离开。”)”可知作者得知他不会太打扰他们，所以他同意了。故选C项。

15.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Knowingthathemustwalkthreemilestomailthese,andknowinghowlittlemoneyhehadmadethegiftsmoreprecious.(知道他必须走三英里路才能邮寄这些礼物，知道他的钱是那么少，所以这些礼物更珍贵了。)”可知对于那个老人来说，寄这些东西并不轻松，故选C项。

16.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Intheyearshecametostayovernightwithustherewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusfishorvegetables.Othertimeswereceivedpackages.Knowingthathemustwalkthreemilestomailthese,andknowinghowlittlemoneyhehadmadethegiftsmoreprecious.Iknowourfamilyalwayswillbegratefultohaveknownhim;fromhimwelearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.(这些年来，他来我们家过夜，每次都给我们带来鱼和蔬菜。有时我们会收到包裹。知道他必须走三英里路才能邮寄这些礼物，知道他的钱是那么少，所以这些礼物更珍贵了。我知道，我们全家都会因为认识了他而心存感激；从他身上我们学到了什么是不抱怨地接受坏的，带着感激的心情接受好的。)”可知，渔夫来作者家过夜，为了回报作者一家，渔夫每次来都会带各种礼物，其实A中的gift应该是一语双关，表面上讲渔夫带给我们的礼物，其实是讲渔夫的出现是上帝赠予我们的很好的礼物，因为他教会了我们“感恩，不能以貌取人，心灵美”等诸多道理。A项“一个宝贵的礼物”适合作为本文的标题，故选A项。

5AfightlastmonthbetweenCampinasandSaoJosedoRioPretoinsouthernBrazilbecamethesceneofaspontaneous(自发的)actofkindnessthatspreadonsocialmedianetworks.AccordingtothewebsiteA,apassengernamedSirlandiaDiasPereirawastravelingwithhersonCaleb,whosufferedfromheartfailureandbadaheartmurmur(杂音).Duringtheflight,shetoldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.Shealsoexplainedthatshewasrelyingonthecharityofothersforlivingquarters.Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker,invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.“Allofuswouldliketofindanangeltohelpus.Thoseofuswhofeelmovedtodos0,let'shelpthismothertotakealittlesomethingwithher.alittlesomethingwehaveandcanshare,"hesaid.Inamatterofminutes,passengersofferedatotalworthnear$400whichgoesalotfurtherinBrazilthanintheUSA),plusapplauseforthemother,whowasthrilledwiththehelpandrepeatedlyexpressedhergratitudetothepassengers.Thesitethatfirstsharedthestorylaterupdatedthearticle,addingthatCalebwentthroughsurgeryandWasrecoveringwell.ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaughttheattentionofBrazilinTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.Thisstoryjustgoestoshowthatakindactcangoalongwaytowardsmakinganimportantdifferenceinsomeone'slife.Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus,Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!17.Whywasthemothertraveling?A.Togethersicksontreated, B.TolookforlivingquartersC.Toexperiencetakingaplane, D.Topickuphersonfromhospital.18.WhatdidAlexPontesdoforthemotherontheplane?A.Hegaveher$400byhimself, B.Hecalledfordonationforher,C.Heexchangedhisseatwithher, D.Hehelpedherattendtoherson,19.WhydidLaucianoHuckdecidetohelpthemotherandherson?A.Hewasoneofthewitnessesontheplane. B.Hewantedtomakehimselfwell-known.C.Hewasinspiredbythespontaneousact. D.HeWasaskedtoofferassistancebythem.20.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tospeakhighlyofakindpassenger. B.Toaskustocommunicatewithothers.C.Toshowtheimportanceoffirstaid. D.Toencourageustohelpthoseinneed.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。一位母亲带着生病的儿子坐飞机去医院治疗，邻座的人得知她的情况后，在飞机上组织了自发捐钱活动以帮助那位母亲。这次自发的善行在网上分享，也鼓舞更多人受感动而献出爱心。17.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Duringtheflight,shetoldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.”（在飞行途中，她告诉身旁的乘客AlexPontes，她此次飞机之旅是为了让儿子住院。）可知，那位母亲乘坐飞机是为了带着生病的儿子去医院接受治疗。故选A项。18.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker.invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.”（这名乘客与该航空公司的机组人员交谈，要求使用飞机上的扩音器，并号召其他乘客自发捐款，帮助这对母子。）可知，AlexPontes发起了捐赠活动以帮助那位母亲，Thepassenger即指AlexPontes。故选B项。19.细节理解题。根据第五段中“ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaughttheattentionofBrazilianTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.”（据RazoesParaAcreditar网站报道，这个故事引起了巴西电视名人LucianoHuck的注意，他发起了一场众筹活动来帮助这个家庭。）可知，LucianoHuck决定帮助那位母亲和她的儿子是因为受到了飞机上的自发的捐助故事的鼓舞。故选C项。20.推理判断题。通读全文、尤其是最后一段中“Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus,Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!（我们周围都有需要帮助的人，我们不要让这些帮助别人的机会从身边溜走!）”可推断，作者的写作目的是鼓励我们帮助需要帮助的人。故选D项。6WhenIwasincollege,amannamedHenryworkedasacustodian(看门人)inourstudentunionbuilding.White-haired,withaPennsylvaniaDutchaccent,Henrycouldusuallybeseeninabaseballcap,aT-shirtandapairofjeans.Hewasthecustodian,andhewasthemostrespectedandmostwell-knownpersoninthebuilding.EveryonelovedHenry,anditwasbecauseofalltheimplicitwaysheexpressedhisloveforeveryonearoundhim.Henrydidn’thavetosay,“Iloveyou.”Helivedhislove.Henrywasalwaysexcitedwhenhemetsomeonenew,andhewantedtoknoweverythingaboutthem.Hefeltitwasimportanttodothingsforpeoplehevalued.AndHenryseemedtovalueeveryonehemet.Hebroughtinarticlesorcartoonsforcertainpeople,wentoutofhiswaytointroducepeopletoeachother,keptdozensofnamesandbirthdaysinhiswalletsohecouldsendcards,andhelpedstudentskeepintouchwithgraduateswhohadwrittentohim.Heevenassistedstudentswhodidn’thaveenoughmoneytobuytheirbooks.Henrytaughtme---andmanyothershesupported