历年大学六级真题(超好)范文

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PartⅡReadingComprehension(35minutes)

Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart,Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsatunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

In1985whenaJapanAirLines(JAL)jetcrashed,itspresident,YasumotoTakagi,calledeachvictim’sfamilytoapologize,andthenpromptlyresigned.Andin1987,whenasubsidiaryofToshibasolesensitivemilitarytechnologytotheformerSovietUnion,thechairmanofToshibagaveuphispost.

Theseexecutiveactions,whichToshibacalls“thehighestformofapology,”mayseembizarretoUSmanagers.NooneatBoeingresignedaftertheJALcrash,whichmayhavebeencausedbyafaultyBoeingrepair.

Thedifferencebetweenthetwobusinessculturescentersarounddifferentdefinitionsofdelegation.WhileUSexecutivesgivebothresponsibilityandauthoritytotheiremployees,Japaneseexecutivesdelegateonlyauthority—theresponsibilityisstilltheirs.AlthoughthesubsidiarythatsoldthesensitivetechnologytotheSovietshaditsownmanagement,theToshibatopexecutivessaidthey“musttakepersonalresponsibilityfornotcreatinganatmospherethroughouttheToshibagroupthatwouldmakesuchactivityunthinkable,eveninanindependentlyrunsubsidiary.”

SuchacceptanceofcommunityresponsibilityisnotuniquetobusinessesinJapan.SchoolprincipalsinJapanhaveresignedwhentheirstudentscommittedmajorcrimesafterschoolhours.Eveniftheydonotquit,Japaneseexecutiveswilloftenacceptprimaryresponsibilityinotherways,suchastakingthefirstpaycutwhenacompanygetsintofinancialtrouble.Suchpersonalsacrifices,eveniftheyarelargelysymbolic,helptocreatethesenseofcommunityandemployeeloyaltythatiscrucialtotheJapanesewayofdoingbusiness.

HarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorGeorgeLodgecallstheritualacceptanceofblame“almostafeudal(封建的)wayofpurging(清除)thecommunityofdishonor,”andtosomeintheUnitedStates,suchresignationslookcowardly.However,inanerainwhichbothbusinessandgovernmentalleadersseemparticularlygoodatevadingresponsibility,manyUSmanagerswouldprobablywelcomeaninfusion(灌输)oftheJapanesesenseofresponsibility,If,forinstance,USautomobilecompanyexecutivesofferedtoreducetheirownsalariesbeforetheyaskedtheirworkerstotakepaycuts,negotiationswouldprobablytakeonaverydifferentcharacter.

21.WhydidthechairmanofToshibaresignhispositionin1987?

A)InJapan,theleakageofaslatesecrettoRussiansisagravecame.

B)Hehadbeenunderattackforshiftingresponsibilitytohissubordinates.

C)InJapan,thechiefexecutiveofacorporationisheldresponsibleforthemistakemadebyitssubsidiaries.

D)Hehadbeenaccusedofbeingcowardlytowardscrisesthatweretakingplaceinhiscorporation.

22.AccordingtothepassageifyouwanttobeagoodmanagerinJapan,youhaveto________.

A)apologizepromptlyforyoursubordinates'mistakes

B)beskillfulinacceptingblamesfromcustomers

C)makesymbolicsacrificeswhenevernecessary

D)createastrongsenseofcompanyloyalty

23.What’sProfessorGeorgeLodge’sattitudetowardstheresignationsofJapanesecorporateleaders?

A)SympatheticC)Critical

B)Biased.D)Approving.

24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A)BoeinghadnothingtodowiththeJALaircrashin1985.

B)Americanexecutivesconsiderauthorityandresponsibilityinseparable.

C)Schoolprincipalsbearlegalresponsibilityforstudents'crimes.

D)Persuadingemployeestotakepaycutsdoesn’thelpsolvecorporatecrises.

25.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A)resignationasaneffectivewayofdealingwithbusinesscrises

B)theimportanceofdelegatingresponsibilitytoemployees

C)waysofevadingresponsibilityintimesofcrises

D)thedifferencebetweentwobusinesscultures

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Asmachinesgo,thecarisnotterriblynoisy,norterriblypolluting,norterriblydangerous;andonallthosedimensionsithasbecomebetterasthecenturyhasgrownolder.Themainproblemisitsprevalence,andthesocialcoststhatensuefromtheusebyeveryoneofsomethingthatwouldbefairlyharmlessif,say,onlytherichweretouseit.Itisapricewepayforequality.

Beforebecomingtoogloomy,itisworthrecallingwhythecarhasbeenarguablythemostsuccessfulandpopularproductofthewholeofthepast100years—andremainsso.Thestorybeginswiththeenvironmentalimprovementitbroughtinthe1900s.InNewYorkcityin1900,accordingtotheCarCulture.A1975bookbyJ.Flink,ahistorian,horsesdeposited2.5millioopoundsofmanure(粪)and60,000gallonsofurine(尿)everyday.Everyyear,thecityauthoritieshadtoremoveanaverageof15,000deadhorsesfromthestreets,Itmadecarssmellofroses.

Carswerealsowonderfullyflexible.Themainearliersolutiontohorsepollutionandtrafficjamswastheelectrictrolleybus(电车).Butthatrequiredfixedoverheadwires,andrailsandplatforms,whichwereexpensive,ugly,andinflexible,ThecarcouldgofromanyAtoanyB,andallowedtownstodevelopinalldirectionswithlow-densityhousing,ratherthanjustbeingconcentratedalongthetrolleyorraillines.Ruralareasbenefitedtoo,fortheybecamelessremote.

However,sincepollutionbecameaconcerninthe1950s,expertshavepredicted—wrongly—thatthecarboomwasabouttoend.InhisbookMr.Flinkarguedthatby1973theAmericanmarkethadbecomesaturated,atonecarforevery2.25people,andsohadthemarketsofJapanandWesternEurope(becauseoflandshortages).Environmentalworriesanddiminishingoilreserveswouldprohibitmasscaruseanywhereelse.

Hewaswrong,Between1970and1990,whereasAmerica’spopulationgrewby23%,theaumberofcarsonitsroadsgrewby60%,Thereisnowonecarforevery1.7peoplethere,oneforevery2.1inJapan,oneforevery5.3inBritain.Around550millioncarsarealreadyontheroads,nottomentionallthetrucksandmocorcyeles,andabout50millionnewonesaremadeeachyearworldwide.Willitgoon?Undoubtedly,becausepeoplewantitto.

26.Asisgiveninthefirstparagraph,thereasonwhythecarhasbecomeaproblemisthat________.

A)poorpeoplecan’taffordit

B)itistooexpensivetomaintain

C)toomanypeopleareusingit

D)itcausestoomanyroadaccidents

27.Accordingtothepassage,thecarstartedtogainpopularitybecause________.

A)itdidn’tbreakdownaseasilyasahorse

B)ithadacomparativelypleasantodor

C)itcausedlesspollutionthanhorses

D)itbrightenedupthegloomystreets

28.Whatimpactdidtheuseofcarshaveonsociety?

A)Peoplewerecompelledtoleavedowntownareas.

B)Peoplewereabletoliveinlesscrowdedsuburbanareas.

C)Businessalongtrolleyandraillinesslackened.

D)Citystreetswerefreeofuglyoverheadwires.

29.Mr.Flinkarguedinhisbookthatcarswouldnotbewidelyusedinothercountriesbecause________.

A)theonceboomingcarmarkethasbecomesaturated

B)trafficjamsinthosecountriesaregettingmoreandmoreserious

C)expensivemotorwaysarenotavailableinlessdevelopedcountries

D)peopleworryaboutpollutionandthediminishingoilresources

30.What’swrongwithMr.Flink’sprediction?

A)Theuseofautomobileshaskeptincreasingworldwide.

B)Newgenerationsofcarsarevirtuallypollutionfree.

C)ThepopulationofAmericahasnotincreasedasfast.

D)People’senvironmentalconcernsareconstantlyincreasing.

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Cryingishardlyanactivityencouragedbysociety.Tears,betheyofsorrow,anger,onjoy,typicallymakeAmericansfeeluncomforubleandembarrassed.Theshedderoftearsislikelytoapologize,evenwhenadevastating(毁灭性的)tragedywastheprovocation.Theobserveroftearsislikelytodoeverythingpossibletoputanendtotheemotionaloutpouring.Butjudgingformrecentstudiesofcryingbehavior,linksbetweenillnessandcryingandthechemicalcompositionoftears,boththoseresponsestotearsareofteninappropriateandmayevenbecounterproductive.

Humansaretheonlyanimalsdefinitelyknowntoshedemotiomaltears.Sinceevolutionhasgivenrisetofew,ifany,purposelessphysiologicalresponset,itislogicaltoassumethatcryinghasoneormorefunctionsthatenhancesurvival.

Althoughsomeobservershavesuggestedthatcryingisawaytoclicitassistanceformothers(asacryingbabymightfromitsmother),thesheddingoftearsishardlynecessarytogethelp.Vocalcrieswouldhavebeenquiteenough,morelikelythantearstogainattention,So,itappears,theremustbesomethingspecialabouttearsthemselves.

Indeed,thenewstudiessuggestthatemotionaltearsmayplayadirectroleinalleviatingstress,UniversityofMinnesotaresearcherswhoarestudyingthechemicalcompositionoftearshaverecentlyisolatedtwoimportantchemicalsfromemotionaltears.Bothchemicalsarefoundonlyintearsthatareshedinresponsetocmotion.Tearsshedbecauseofexposureto=cutonionwouldcontainnosuchsubstance.

Researchersatseveralotherinstitutionsareinvestigatingtheusefulnessoftearsasameansofdiagnosinghumanillsandmonitoringdrugs.

AtTulaneUniversity’sTeatAnalysisLaboratoryDr.PeterKastlandhiscolleaguesreportthattheycanusetearstodetectdrugabuseandexposuretomedication(药物),todeterminewhetheracontactlensfitsproperlyofwhyitmaybeuncomfortable,tostudythecausesof“dryeye”syndromeandtheeffectsofeyesurgery,andperhapseventomeasureexposuretoenvironmentalpollutants.

AtColumbiaUniversityDt.LiasyFarisandcolleaguesarestudyingtearsforcluestothediagnosisofdiseasesawayfromtheeyes.Tearscanbeobtainedpainlesslywithoutinvadingthebodyandonlytinyamountsareneededtoperformhighlyrefinedanalyses.

31.Itisknownfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

A)sheddingtearsgivesunpleasantfeelingstoAmerican

B)cryingmayoftenimitatepeopleorevenresultintragedy

C)cryingusuallywinssympathyfromotherpeople

D)onewhoshedstearsinpublicwillbeblamed

32.Whatdoes“boththoseresponsestotears”(Line6,Para,1)referto?

A)Cryingoutofsorrowandsheddingtearsforhappiness.

B)Theembarrassmentandunpleasantsensationoftheobservers.

C)Thetearshedder’sapologyandtheobserver’sefforttostopthecrying.

D)Linkingillnesswithcryingandfindingthechemicalcompositionoftears.

33.“Counterproductive”(Lines6-7,Para,1)veryprobablymeans“________”.

A)havingnoeffectatall

B)leadingtotension

C)producingdisastrousimpact

D)harmfultohealth

34.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcrying?

A)Itisapointlessphysiologicalresponsetotheenvironment.

B)Itmusthavearoletoplayinman’ssurvival.

C)Itismeanttogetattentionandassistance.

D)Itusuallyproducesthedesiredeffect.

35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthenewstudiesoftears?

A)Emotionaltearshavethefunctionofreducingstress.

B)Exposuretoexcessivemedicationmayincreaseemotionaltears.

C)Emotionaltearscangiveriseto“dryeye”syndromeinsomecases.

D)Environmentalpollutantscaninducethesheddingofemotionaltears.

PassageFour

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Itisnosecretamongathletesthatinordertoimproveperformanceyou’vegottoworkhard.However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker,Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.Thisadaptationisaccomplishedbyimprovingefficiencyoftheheartandcertainsystemswithinthemusclecells.Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelstocompensateforthestressthatyouhaveapplied.Theresultisthatyouarenowatahigherlevelofperformance.

Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.The“overtrainingsyndrome(综合症)”isthenamegiventothecollectionofemotional,behavioral,andphysicalsymptomsduetoovertrainingthathaspersistedforweekstomonths.Itismarkedbycumulativeexhaustionthatpersistsevenafterrecoveryperiods.

Themostcommonsymptomisfatigue.Thismaylimitworkoutsandmaybepresentatrest.Theathletemayalsobecomemoody,easilyimitated,havealteredsleeppatterns,becomedepressed,orlosethecompetitivedesireandenthusiasmforthesport,Somewillreportdecreasedappetiteandweightloss.Physicalsymptomsincludepersistentmuscularsoreness,increasedfrequencyofviral(病毒性的)illnesses,andincreasedincidenceofinjuries.

Thetreatmentfortheovertrainingsyndromeisrest.Thelongertheovertraininghasoccurred,themorerestrequired,Therefore,earlydetectionisveryimportant,Iftheovertraininghasonlyoccurredforashortperiodoftime(e.g.3-4weeks)theninterruptingtrainingfor3-5daysisusuallysufficientrest.Itisimportantthatthefactorsthatleadtoovertrainingbeidentifiedandcorrected.Otherwise,theovertrainingsyndromeislikelytorecur.Theovertrainingsyndromeshouldbeconsideredinanyathletewhomanifestssymptomsofprolongedfatigueandwhoseperformancehasleveledoffordecreased.Itisimportanttoexcludeanyunderlyingillnessthatmayberesponsibleforthefatigue.

36.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagetellsusthat________.

A)theharderanathletetrains,thebetterhisperformancewillbe

B)restaftervigoroustrainingimprovesanathlete’sperformance

C)strictsystematictrainingisessentialtoanathlete’stopperformance

D)improvementofanathlete’sperformanceoccursinthecourseoftraining

37.By“overtraining”theauthormeans________.

A)aseriesofphysicalsymptomsthatoccuraftertraining

B)undueemphasisontheimportanceofphysicalexertion

C)trainingthatisnotadequatelycompensatedforbyrest

D)trainingthathasexceededanathlete’semotionallimits

38.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutthe“overtraining”syndrome?

A)Itoccurswhenathletesloseinterestinsports.

B)Itappearsrightafterahardtrainingsession.

C)Thefatigueitresultsinisunavoidableintheathlete’strainingprocess.

C)Itmanifestsitselfinfatiguewhichlingersevenafterarecoveryperiod.

39.Whatdoesthephrase“leveloff”(Line7,Para,4)mostprobablymean?

A)Slowdown.

B)Becomedull.

C)Stopimproving.

D)Beonthedecline.

40.Theauthoradvisesattheendofthepassagethat________.

A)overtrainingsyndromeshouldbetreatedasaseriousillness

B)overtrainingsyndromeshouldbepreventedbeforeitoccurs

C)anathletewithovertrainingsyndromeshouldtakealengthyrest

D)illnesscausingfatigueshouldnotbemistakenforovertrainingsyndrome

PartⅢVocabulary(20minutes)

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesit:thispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChooseciteONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarktheCorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

41.Thesewerestubbornmen.noteasily________tochangetheirmind.

A)tiltedC)persuaded

B)convertedD)suppressed

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42.Thecircushasalwaysbeenvery,popularbecauseit________boththeoldandtheyoung.

A)facilitatesC)immerses

B)fascinatesD)indulges

43.Bypatientquestioningthelawyermanagedto________enoughinformationfromthewitnesses.

A)evacuateC)impart

B)withdrawD)elicit

44.Georgeenjoystalkingaboutpeople'sprivateaffairs.Heisa________.4145CBDCD

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A)solicitorC)gossip

B)cowardD)rebel

45.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably________reportwithinafewhundredwordsbutwithalltheimportantdetailsincluded.

A)conciseC)precise

B)briskD)elaborate

46.Hisface________ashecameinafterrunningallthewayfromschool.

A)flaredC)fluttered

B)fluctuatedD)flushed

47.Steelisnotas________ascastiron;itdoesnotbreakaseasily.

A)elasticC)adaptable

B)brittleD)flexible

48.AbigprobleminlemmingEnglishasaforeignlanguageislackofopportunitiesfor________interactionwithproficientspeakersofEnglish.

A)instantaneousC)verbal

B)provocativeD)dual

49.Withintenyearstheyhavetamedthe________hillintogreenwoods.

A)vacantC)weird

B)barrenD)wasteful

50.The________ofourtriptoLondonwasthevisittoBuckinghamPalace.

A)summitC)peak

B)heightD)highlight

51.Haroldclaimedthathewasaseriousandwell-knownartist,butinfacthewasa(n)________.

A)alienC)counterpart

B)client.D)fraud

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52.Wedon't________anydifficultiesincompletingtheprojectsolongaswekeepwithinourbudget.

A)foreseeC)infer

B)fabricateD)inhibit

53.Heislookingforajobthatwillgivehimgreater________forcareerdevelopment.

A)insightC)momentum

B)scopeD)phase

54.Thehighschoolmydaughterstudiesinis________ouruniversity.

A)linkedbyC)mingledwith

B)relevanttoD)affiliatedwith

55.TheBrownslivedina________andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

A)spaciousC)wide

B)sufficientD)wretched

56.Amembershipcard________theholdertousetheclub'sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.

A)approvesC)rectifies

B)authorizesD)endows

57.Theyhavedoneawaywith________LatinforuniversityentranceatHarvard.

A)influentialC)compulsory

B)indispensableD)essential

58.Itisno________thatalargenumberofviolentcrimesarecommittedundertheinfluenceofalcohol.

A)coincidenceC)inspiration

B)correspondenceD)intuition

59.One'suniversitydaysoftenappearhappierin________thantheyactuallywereatthetime.

A)retentionC)return

B)retrospectD)revere

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60.She________throughthepagesofamagazine,notreallyconcentratingonthem.

A)tumbledC)switched

B)tossedD)flipped

61.Scientistsarepushingknowntechnologiestotheirlimitsinanattemptto________moreenergyfromtheearth.

A)extractC)discharge

B)injectD)drain

62.TheChineseRedCross________ageneroussumtothereliefofthevictimsoftheearthquakeinTurkey.

A)administeredC)assessed

B)elevatedD)contributed

63.Thefirstsentenceinthisparagraphis________;itcanbeinterpretedinmanyways.

A)intricateC)duplicated

B)ambiguousD)confused

64.Theyusedtoquarrelalot,butnowtheyarecompletely________witheachother.

A)reconciledC)associated

B)negotiatedD)accommodated

65.Thelocalbusinesswasnotmuch________bythesuddenoutbreakoftheepidemic.

A)intervenedC)hampered

B)insulatedD)hoisted

66.Themostimportant________forassessmentinthiscontestisoriginalityofdesign.

A)thresholdC)warrant

B)partitionD)criterion

67.Thewomanwasworriedaboutthesideeffectsoftakingaspirins.butherdoctor________herthatitisabsolutelyharmless.

A)retrievedC)reassured

B)releasedD)revived

68.Wecan'thelpbeing________ofBobwhoboughtaluxurioussportscarjustafterthemoneywasstolenfromtheoffice.

A)skepticalC)suspicious

B)appreciativeD)tolerant

69.Hegreatlyresentedthepublicationofthisbook.whichhesawasanembarrassinginvasionofhis________.

A)privacyC)dignity

B)moralityD)secrecy

70.Infactasheapproachedthisfamousstatue,heonlybarelyresistedthe________toreachintohisbagforhiscamera.

A)impatienceC)incentive

B)impulseD)initiative

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PartⅣErrorCorrection(15minutes)

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordodeleteaword,Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided,Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank,Ifyouaddaword,putan