届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解《附详析》 优秀奖 市赛获奖 省赛获奖

2022届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（1-5）《附详析》阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项(第1篇)Youknowhowwonderfulyouare,andyouknowthatothersknowhowwonderfulyouare,butwhatdoyoudowhenadmirationcrossesoverthelineintojealousy?Formostteenstherewillcomeadaywhenyourealizethatoneofyourfriendsisjealousandthatthisjealousyishurtingyourfriendship.Whenthishappensitcanseemlikethereisnothingthatyoucando,butthegoodnewsisthatthereis.Don’tletjealousyspoilyourrelationships.Tackleitheadonandyoumightbebacktonormalmuchsoonerthanyouthink.Itcanbehardtowalkuptoafriendandaskthemwhattheproblemis,butifyouwanttosaveyourfriendshipyou’llhavetodojustthat.Don’tapproachthemandaskwhytheyarejealousofyou(unlessofcourseyouwanttoappeartotallyconceited),justtakesometimealonewiththemandletthemknowthatyou’vebeenfeelinglikethere’sbeensomethingcomingbetweenyou.Iftheyrefusetorespond,thenusetheopportunitytoexplainhowyouhavebeenfeeling.Chancesarethatsomethingyousaywillstrikeanerveandyourfriendwillopenupaswell.Whenyoufigureoutwhatisannoyingyourfriend,askhimorherwhat(s)hethinkswouldmakethesituationbetter.If,forexample,(s)hesaysthat(s)hefeelslike(s)hedoesn’tgettospendanytimewithyoubecauseofyourbeingoffwithyournewfriendsfromteeswimteamthenmaybeyoucouldinviteheralongthenexttimeorblockoffonedayaweekforjustthetwoofyou.Remember,though,thatwhateversolutionyoudecideonshouldbeacompromise.Don’tlimityourowntalentsoropportunitiessimplybecauseyourfriendisunhappy.Tryinsteadtoincludehimorherinyournewlifeandseehowthatworksout.Eventhebestoffriendshipscanbetingedbyjealousy.Thisdestructiveemotionisrarelyproductiveandcanturnbestfriendsintoworstenemies.Beforetakingextremeaction,chatwithyourjealousfriendtoseeifthetwoofyoucanworkoutayoucan’t,bepreparedtoknowexactlyhowfaryouwillgotokeepyourfriendandhowfaryouwon’t.解读：本文是关于人际关系的话题尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难1.Accordingtotheauthor,thejealousyemotionis________.A.normal B.productiveC.destructive D.extreme[解析]细节理解题，由第一段第二句．..thatthisjealousyishurting，yourfriendship.可知[答案]C2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawaytoconfrontyourfriendwhenjealousyhappens?A.Walkinguptohim/herandaskinghim/herwhyhe/sheisjealousofyou.B.Walkinguptohim/herandaskinghim/herwhattheproblemis.C.Spendingsometimewithhim/herandlettinghim/herknowhowyoufeel.D.Spendingsometimewithhim/herandlettinghim/herknowyouthinkthere’ssomethingbetweenyou.[解析]细节理解题由第二段第二句Don’tapproachthemandaskwhytheyarejealousofyou可知[答案]A3.Theunderlined“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.A.friendship B.relationshipC.admiration D.jealousy[解析]细节理解题由文章第一段可知[答案]D4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.There’salwaysasolutiontosolvetheproblemofjealousy.B.Jealousycanturnbestfriendsintoworstenemies.C.Youmayloseafriendtokeepyourowngifts,chancesorselfdevelopment.D.Youshouldgoalongwaywithyourfriendtoworkoutasolution[解析]推理判断题[答案]C5.Thepurposeofthepassageis________.A.toexplainwhatcausesjealousyB.tooffersomeadviceonmakingfriendsC.tointroducethewaytocopewithajealousfriendD.toexplainhowdestructivethejealousemotionis[解析]作者意图题通读全文可知，本文酌写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法[答案]C(第2篇)DoAmericanchildrenstilllearnhandwritinginschool?Intheageofthekeyboard,somepeopleseemtothinkhandwritinglessonsareonthewayout.90%ofteacherssaytheyarerequiredtoteachstudieshaveyettoanswerthequestionofhowwelltheyareteachingit.Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.Someteachersareteachinghandwritingbyprovidinginstructionfor1015minutesaday,andthenotherteacherswhobasicallyteachitfor60to70minutesaday—whichreallyforhandwritingisprettymuch.Manyadultsrememberlearningthatway—bycopyinglettersoverandoveragain.Today’sthinkingisthatshortperiodsofpracticearebetter.Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbetaughtby,theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideas.Afterall,thatiswhywewrite.Handwritinginvolvestwoskills.Oneislegibility,_whichmeansformingtheletterssotheycanberead.Theotherisfluency—writingwithouthavingtothinkaboutit.Fluencycontinuestodevelopupuntilhighschool.Butnoteveryonemasterstheseskills.Teacherscommonlyreportthataboutonefourthoftheirkidshavepoorhandwriting.Somepeoplemightthinkhandwritingisnotimportantanymorebecauseofcomputersandvoicerecognitionprograms.ButSteveGrahamatVanderbiltsayswordprocessingisrarelydoneinelementaryschool,especiallyintheearlyyears.Americanchildrentraditionallyfirstlearntoprint,andthentowriteincursive,whichconnectstheletters.ButguesswhatwelearnedfromaspokeswomanfortheCollegeBoard,whichadministerstheSATcollegeadmissiontest.Morethan75percentofstudentschoosetoprinttheiressayonthetestratherthanwriteincursive.[语篇解读]文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况1．Wecanlearn________fromParagraph1.A.teachinghandwritingisabasicrequirementinteachingjobB.mostteachersprefertoteachhandwritingC.teachersspendlittletimeinteachinghandwritingD.akeyboardhastakentheplaceofthehandwritingentirely[解析]推理判断题根据第一段中“90%ofteacherssaytheyarerequiredtoteachhandwriting”可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，A项为正确推论根据“Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting”可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，B项错误；根据第一段末句可知C项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，D项错误[答案]A2．WhichofthefollowingisWRONGfortraditionalhandwritingintheUSA?A.Thestudentsaretaughtbypracticingalongperiod.B.Thelettersarerepeatedmanytimes.C.Handwritingincludestwoskills.D.Towriteincursiveistaughtfirst.[解析]细节认定题根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B两项内容正确根据第三段第一句可知C项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D项内容错误[答案]D3．Theunderlinedword“legibility”inParagraph3means________.A.easytoread B.complexC.unexpected D.unreadable[解析]推测词义题根据下文“whichmeansformingtheletterssotheycanberead”可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读”[答案]A4．Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.HowtoimprovehandwritinginschoolB.Rightorwrong:thedeathofhandwritingC.HandwritinginvolvestwoskillsD.Handwritinglessonsareonthewayout[解析]标题归纳题作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择BA项没有涉及，C项只是其中一部分内容，D项只是一部分人的观点[答案]B5．Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhetherstilltolearnhandwritinginschoolis________.A.negative B.objectiveC.critical D.optimistic[解析]态度判断题根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度[答案]B[长难句解读]Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.今年公布的一项研究发现，大约每四个教师中就有三个说他们不准备教书法了publishedthisyear为过去分词短语作后置定语，found后面为宾语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句theyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting(第3篇)ASouthamptonUniversityteamfoundthatpeoplewhowerevegetariansby30hadrecordedfiveIQpointshigheronaverageattheageof10.ResearcherssaiditcouldexplainwhypeoplewithahigherIQwerehealthierasavegetariandietwaslinkedtolowerheartdiseaseandobesityrates.Thestudyof8,179peoplewasreportedintheBritishMedicalTwentyyearsaftertheIQtestswerecarriedoutin1970,366oftheparticipantssaidtheywerevegetarians—althoughmorethan100reportedeatingeitherfishorchicken.MenwhowerevegetarianshadanIQscoreof106,comparedwith101fornon-vegetarians;whilefemalevegetariansaveraged104,comparedwith99fornon-vegetarians.TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscores,betweenstrictvegetariansandthosewhosaidtheywerevegetariansbutreportedeatingfishorchicken.Researcherssaidthefindingswerepartlyrelatedtobettereducationandhigherclass,butitremainedstatisticallysignificantafteradjustingforthesefactors.Vegetariansweremorelikelytobefemale,tobeofhighersocialclassandtohavehigheracademicorvocationalqualificationsthannon-vegetarians.However,thesedifferenceswerenotreflectedintheirannualincome,whichwassimilartothatofnon-vegetarians.LeadresearcherCatharineGalesaid,“Thefindingsthatchildrenwithgreaterintelligencearemorelikelytoreportbeingvegetariansasadults,togetherwiththeevidenceonthepotentialbenefitsofavegetariandietonhearthealth,mayhelptoexplainwhyahigherIQinchildhoodoradolescenceislinkedwithareducedriskofcoronaryheartdiseaseinadultlife.ButDrFrankiePhillipsoftheBritishDieteticAssociationsaid，“It_is_like_the_chicken_and_egg.DopeoplebecomevegetariansbecausetheyhaveaveryhighIQorisitjustthattheyarecleverenoughtobemoreawareofhealthissues？”[语篇解读]研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系1．What’stheresultoftheresearchmentionedinthetext?A.Intelligentchildrenaremorelikelytobecomevegetarianslaterinlife.B.ChildrenwithahigherIQarelesslikelytohaveheartdiseaselaterinlife.C.Intelligentchildrentendtobelongtohighersocialclasslaterinlife.D.ChildrenwithahealthierhearttendtohaveahigherIQlaterinlife.[解析]细节理解题根据第一段中的“peoplewhowerevegetariansby30hadrecordedfiveIQpointshigheronaverageattheageof10”可知A项正确根据“itcouldexplainwhy...”可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但B项并非这次研究的结果故本题选A[答案]A2．Itwasfoundintheresearchthat________.A.mostoftheparticipantsbecamevegetarians20yearsaftertheIQtestswerecarriedoutB.vegetarianswhoatefishorchickenwereofsimilarintelligencewithstrictvegetariansC.femalevegetariansweremorelikelytohavehigherannualincomethannon-vegetariansD.vegetariansweremorelikelytohavehigherannualincomethannon-vegetarians[解析]细节理解题根据第三段中的“TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscoresbetweenstrictvegetariansandthosewhosaidtheywerevegetariansbutreportedeatingfishorchicken”可知答案[答案]B3．CatharineGaletalkedabout“beingvegetarians”ina(n)________way.A.doubtful B.favorableC.negative D.objective[解析]推理判断题根据第六段可知CatharineGale只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场故选D项[答案]D4．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Intelligenceislinkedtonotjustbeingavegetarianbuttomanyfactors.B.Therateofgettingheartdiseaseislinkedtoyourlifestyle.C.ThelinkbetweenahighIQandbeingavegetarianisstilluncertain.D.Thelinkbetweenahealthyheartanddietremainstobeproved.[解析]推理判断题文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见DrFrankiePhillips认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样故C项正确[答案]C5．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.GetmoreIQpoints!B.Beavegetarian,please!C.VegetariandietcutsheartriskD.AhighIQislinkedtobeingavegetarian[解析]标题概括题本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故D项正确作者并未提出建议，所以A、B两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故C项错误[答案]D[长难句解读](1)ASouthamptonUniversityteamfoundthatpeoplewhowerevegetariansby30hadrecordedfiveIQpointshigheronaverageattheageof10.本句是含有定语从句的复合句whowerevegetariansby30是定语从句，修饰先行词people(2)TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscoresbetweenstrictvegetariansandthosewhosaidtheywerevegetariansbutreportedeatingfishorchicken.TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscoresbetweenstrictvegetariansandthose是主句，whosaidtheywerevegetariansbutreportedeatingfishorchicken是定语从句，修饰先行词those(第4篇)TheholeintheEarth’sozonelayer(臭氧层)hasuntilnowprotectedAntarcticafromtheworsteffectsofglobalwarming.Butscientistshavewarnedthatastheholeclosesupinthenextfewdecades,temperaturesonthecontinentcouldrisebyaround3℃onaverage,withmeltingicecontributingtoaglobalsealevelincreaseofuptoInthepastdecadesthewesternAntarctichasseenrapidicelossastheworldhaswarmed,buttheotherpartsofthecontinenthave,paradoxically,beencooling,resultingina10%increaseiniceintheseasaroundtheregion.ThisisbecausetheholeintheozonelayerhasincreasedcoldwindsinAntarctica,makingmuchofthecontinentsurfacecolderthanusual.Butnowthatthegassesthatcausetheozoneholehavebeenbanned,scientistsexpecttheholetorepairitselfwithinthenext50to60years.BythenthecoolingeffectwillhavefadedoutandtheAntarcticwillfacethefullimpactofglobalwarming.Thismeansanincreaseinaverageairtemperaturesofaround3℃Thebiggestthreattothecontinentcomesfromwarmingseas.RobertJohnson,ascientistwhomonitorsAntarcticaicesheets,said,“TheicesheetsinAntarcticaarehundredsofmetresthick.Butoncewarmoceanwatersstartflowingunderneath,theicewillbeginthinningandcouldbreakupveryquickly.”Thinningicesheetscauseicetobreakawayfromthecontinentandtomeltevenfaster.EscapingicefromwesternAntarcticahasalreadyresultedina10%riseinglobalsealevelinrecentdecades.Johnsonbelievesthatinternationalactiontoreduceglobalwarmingisrequiredimmediatelyoritmaybetoolate.“Everythingisconnected—AntarcticamaybealongwayawaybutitisanimportantpartoftheEarth’ssystem，”saidJohnson.“Itcontains90%oftheworld’sice,70%oftheworld’sfreshwaterandthatisenough,ifitmeltscompletely,toraisesealevelsby63metres.”Eveninaworse-casesituationscientistsdon’texpecttheicetoentirelydisappear,butpredictthat,becauseofthemeltingicesheets,averagesealevelrisewillbearoundmetreshigherbytheendofthecentury.1.Theunderlinedword“paradoxically”(inParagraph2)mostprobablymeans“________.”A.rapidly B.approximatelyC.contradictorily D.apparently[答案]C2.WhatistheeffectoftheholeintheozonelayeronAntarctica?A.Itiscausingtheicetomeltfaster.B.Itismakingmuchofthecontinentcolder.C.Itismakingtheeffectsofglobalwarmingintheregionworse.D.ItisreducingtheamountofwaterinAntarctica.[答案]B3.WhatdoscientiststhinkisthebiggestdangerfacingAntarctica?A.Risingsealevels.B.Warmingseawatertemperature.C.Waterpollution.D.Growingicesheets.[答案]B4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Antarcticaiscurrentlyexperiencingthefulleffectsofglobalwarming.B.Theaveragetemperaturehasincreasedby3℃C.Antarcticacontainsmostoftheworld’sfreshwater.D.TenpercentofAntarctica’sicehasalreadybeenlost.[答案]C5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.OurplanetindangerB.AntarcticameltingawayC.ActionplantosaveAntarcticaD.Let’ssavetheozonelayer[答案]B(第5篇)Webetthatoncoldwintrydays,manyofyoulovetostayinyourwarmhomeand,everynowandthen，comeoutintothekitchenforasnack.Unfortunately,plentyofcreepy-crawlycritters(爬行生物)liketodothesamething!Winteristhetimewhenbugs(虫子)invadeyourhousewithoutaninvitation.Theseasoncanbetoughforsuchcreatures.Inwintertheairiscold,thegroundishardandmanytreeshavenoleaves.Sobugsdowhattheyhavetodotosurvive.Monarchbutterfliesheadsouthtowarmerclimates.Antscrowdindeepundergroundcoloniesandeatfoodtheyhavebeenstoringallyear.Manyinsectsgointoadeepsleepcalleddiapauses.There’redifferentkindsofdiapauses,butallaresimilartohibernation,atimewhenbiggeranimalsbecomeinactiveinthecold.Insectsgointoaninactiveperiod,too,butitoftenisn’twhenthetemperaturedrops.Theyrelyonmoredependablesignalsintheenvironment.Forexample,manyinsectscantellhowmuchsunlightthere’seachday.Theyusethattotellthemselveswhentoshutdown.Bugsarecold-blooded,meaningthattheirinsidetemperatureisthesameastheoutside.Theycan’tmovemuchwhenitgetsbelow40degreesFahrenheit.Sotheysearchforanywarmplace.They’relookingforprotection.Theseguyshavebeendoingthisfor300millionyears,sotheydon’treallyknowthey’recomingintoyourhouse.Thehomeisarecenteventintermsoftheirevolutionarybehavior.Theyenterthroughtinycracksorcomeinunnoticedonyourclothesorshoes.Reme