北京101中学2020届九年级上学期开学摸底考试英语试题及参考答案

北京北京101中学2020届九年级上学期开学摸底考试英语试题 第页共9页北京北京101中学2020届九年级上学期开学摸底考试英语试题 第6页共9页Sheknewsignlanguageverywell.Shedevelopedacodetocommunicatewithherhusband.Shehelpedherhusbanddesigntheplan.Whatdoesthestorytellus?Successwillcomewiththepassingoftime.Strugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlives.Thepeoplewhomakeadifferenceinourlifeshouldberememberedforever.Eventhemostdistantdreamcanberealizedwithanever-say-dieattitude.（D）It'scommonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci'smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers（观察者）,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.Butthiscommonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.Anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatanangle（角度）that's15.4degreesofftotheobserver'sright-welloutsideoftherangethatpeoplenormallybelievewhentheythinksomeoneislookingrightatthem.Inotherwords,saidthestudyauthor,Horstmann,"She'snotlookingatyou."Thisissomewhatironic,becausetheentirephenomenonofaperson'sgaze（凝视）inaphotographorpaintingseemingtofollowthevieweriscalledthe"MonaLisaeffect（效应）".Thateffectisabsolutelyreal,Horstmannsaid.Ifapersonisillustratedorphotographedlookingstraightahead,evenpeopleviewingtheportraitfromananglewillfeeltheyarebeinglookedat.Aslongastheangleoftheperson'sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.Thisisimportantforhumaninteractionwithonscreencharacters.Ifyouwantsomeoneofftotherightsideofaroomtofeelthatapersonon-screenislookingathimorher,youdon'tcutthegazeofthecharactertothatside-surprisingly,doingsowouldmakeanobserverfeellikethecharacterisn'tlookingatanyoneintheroomatall.Instead,youkeepthegazestraightahead.Horstmannandhisco-authorwerestudyingthiseffectforitsapplicationinthecreationofartificial-intelligenceavatars（虚拟头像）whenHorstmanntookalonglookatthe"MonaLisa"andrealizedshewasn'tlookingathim.Tomakesureitwasn'tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe"MonaLisa"onacomputerscreen.Theysetarulerbetweentheviewerandthescreenandaskedtheparticipantstonotewhichnumberontherulerintersected（横切）MonaLisa'sgaze.Tocalculate（估测）theangleofMonaLisa'sgazeasshelookedattheviewer,theymovedtherulerfartherfromorclosertothescreenduringthestudy.Consistently,theresearchersfound,participantsjudgedthatthewomaninthe"MonaLisa"portraitwasnotlookingstraightatthem,butslightlyofftotheirright.Sowhydopeoplerepeatthebeliefthathereyesseemtofollowtheviewer?Horstmannisn'tsure.It'spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.Ormaybethepeoplewhofirstcreatedtheterm"MonaLisaeffect"justthoughtitwasacoolname.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthewomaninthepainting"MonaLisa"attractstheviewerstolookbacklooksattheviewerswherevertheystandfixeshereyesonthebackoftheviewersseemsmysteriousbecauseofhereyesThepurposeoftheexperimentinvolving24peoplewastocalculatetheangleofMonaLisa'sgazecreateartificial-intelligenceavatarsmakesureHorstmann'sbeliefisrightexplainhowtheMonaLisaeffectcanbeappliedWhatgazerangeinapaintingwillcausetheMonaLisaeffect?B. C. 0Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Horstmannthinksit'scooltocreatetheterm"MonaLisaeffect".TheMonaLisaeffectcontributestothecreationofartificialintelligence.Thepositionoftherulerintheexperimentwillinfluencetheviewers'judgement.FeelingbeinggazedatbyMonaLisamaybecausedbythedesireforattention.七、阅读短文，回答问题（共8分，每题2分）Whenananimalhelpsanotheranimal,itusuallygetssomethingvaluable（有价值的）inreturn.Foralongtime,manyscientiststhoughtthatonlypeoplecouldactgenerously（慷慨地）justbecauseitfeelsgood.However,anewstudyinGermanysuggeststhatchimpanzees（ananimallikealargemonkeywithoutatail）alsodogoodthingsfornorealreason.Andsodochildrenwhoareasyoungas18monthsofage.Maybeitisbecausehumansandchimpanzeesshareanancestorabout6millionyearsago.Peopleandchimpanzeesappeartodevelopsuchfeatureswithoutanyothertraining,saysWarneken,ascientistinGermany.WarnekenandhispartnersworkedonadultchimpanzeesthatliveonanislandintheAfricancountryofUganda.Theyalsoworkedwith18-month-oldchildreninGermany.Theresearchersperformedthreeexperimentsontheadultchimpanzeesandtwoexperimentsonthekids.Inthefirstanimalexperiment,apersontriedtoreachhisarmintoacagetogetastick,buthecouldn'treachit.Achimpanzeewasinthecage,anditcouldreachthestickifitwantedto.Thirty-sixchimpanzeestookpartinthisexperimentonebyone,andnochimpanzeesawwhattheotherchimpanzeeshaddone.Eventhoughtheanimalshadn'tmetthepersonbefore,theyusuallytookthestickandgaveittotheperson.What'smore,theydidthiswhetherornotthepersongavethembananasasareward供励）.Inasimilarexperiment,36childrenactedinasimilarway.Theyhelpedthepersonreachthestick,whetherornottheyweregiventoysfortheirhelp.Researchersdidotherexperimentsonchimpanzeesandbabies.Norewardsweregivenineitherexperiment.Andstill,boththechimpanzeesandchildrenwentoutoftheirwaytohelp.Whatdidmanyscientiststhinkforalongtime?Wheredidtheydotheexperiments?Howmanychimpanzeestookpartinthisexperiment?Didchildrenactinasimilarwayaschimpanzeesintheexperiment?八、文段表达（共10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题， 根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华，9月10日你们班级将要组织教师节相关庆祝活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉交换生Peter具体活动时间、地点，你们将做什么，以及他需要做什么准备。提示词语：Teacher'sDay,showrespect,greetingcard,thank-youletter提示问题：•WhenandwherewillyoucelebrateTeacher'sDay?Whatareyougoingtodo?WhatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforit?DearPeter,September10thisTeacher'sDayinChinaandweusuallydosomethingspecialtocelebrateit.Hopeyoucanjoinus.Yours,LiHua题目②初三第一学期末同学们将参加中考英语听说测试。 请用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍刚刚度过的暑假里你是怎样加强听说训练的， 还有哪些不足，以及新学期打算如何提高听说成绩。提示词语：EnglishListeningandSpeakingTest,pronunciation,enlargevocabulary,improvelistening/speakingskills提示问题：•Whatdidyoudotopracticeyourlisteningandspeakinginthesummervacation?Whatareyoupoorin?Howareyougoingtoimproveyourlisteningandspeakinginthenewterm?TheEnglishListen