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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国药科大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

It’sharmfultoone'shealthto(

)smokinganddrinking

问题1选项

A.takeon

B.taketo

C.takein

D.takeoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。takeon意为“承担,接受”;taketo意为“喜欢,养成……的习惯”;takein意为“吸收,吸入”;takeoff意为“脱掉,起飞”。

句意:吸烟喝酒有害人的身体健康。

2.单选题

Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.

It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.Fromarelationshipperspective,thatcanbeagoodandbadthing.Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink,butwhere’stheintimacyinthatwhenthosefeelingsarealsobeingbroadcasttohundredsofFacebookfriendsandthousandsofTwitterfollowers.

RecentdatafromPewResearchCentersuggeststhatsocialmediaismakingitswayintorelationshipmorethanever,with74%ofcouplessurveyedsayingtheInternethasimpactedtheirrelationshipinagoodway.Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia,with71%ofwomenparticipatingcomparedwith62%ofmen,accordingtothelatestreportfromWomen’sMediaCenter.However,whatpsychologistsandresearchersfindespeciallyinterestingisthat,whilewomenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface,menaremuchlesslikelytodothesame.

EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.However,“whilesociallyapprehensivefemalesshareequallyacross”.

OtherresearchfromNorthwesternUniversityshowsthatmenareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.

56.Fromthewordsused,itcanbeknownthatthetoneofthefirstparagraph______.

57.Whydoesamanprefertoexpressonlineratherthaninpersonaccordingtothepassage?

58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutwomenisNOTtrue?

59.Accordingtothepassage,menandwomenremaintheirsocialmediaaccountforthefollowingreasonexcept______.

60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutmen’susingsocialmedia?

问题1选项

A.critical

B.ironic

C.ridicule

D.enthusiastic

问题2选项

A.Socialmediaisthoughttobemorepowerful.

B.Socialmediaisbelievedtobesafeandpeaceful.

C.Helikeshisopiniontobeexposedtomoreaudience.

D.Heisusuallyshyinfrontofanindividualwhiletalking.

问题3选项

A.Theygotnegativelyimpactedbysocialmedia.

B.Theyusesocialmediamoreoftenthanmendo.

C.Theyknowtheirspousesmuchbetterfromsocialmedia.

D.Theyarewillingtousebothsocialmediaandfacetofacetalk.

问题4选项

A.makingcomplaints

B.gettingsupports

C.makingfriends

D.experiencingsocialanxiety

问题5选项

A.Menseldomsharetheiremotionallifeonit.

B.Mentrytogetsupporttohisworkonline.

C.Menarecreativeinwriting,artandthinking.

D.Mentendtomaketheircreativeworkknown.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】56.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“从用词可以判断第一段的语气是如何的?”。第一段指出Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.(如果你是一个喜欢社交媒体的女人,你可能会想到这样一个场景:你们一起坐在沙发上默默地看电视。当你花点时间浏览你的推特时,你会发现你的另一半一直在推特上分享关于《纸牌屋》的一系列个人想法——尽管他还没有对你说过一个字);文中用了一个贬义词“butterfly(追求享乐的人)”,可以推断这段语气是嘲讽,所以C项“讥讽、嘲笑”符合。A项“批判的”不符合题意;B项“讽刺的、反话的”,是指用反话讽刺,文中没有用反话所以不符合题意;D项“热情的”错误。因此C选项正确。

57.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“为什么男士更喜欢在网上表达而不是当面表达?”。第二段提到It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.(男性对自己的想法和感受往往比女性守口如瓶,这并不奇怪,但社交媒体为一些男性创造了一个避风港,他们可以用自己在现实生活中从未有过的方式在网上表达自己),可以推断,男性认为社交媒体是安全的。A项“男性认为社交媒体是有力量的”没有提到;C项“男性喜欢把想法讲给观众听”,文中只是说社交媒体为男性提供了避风港;D项“在一个人面前说话会害羞”,这里只是说了男性与女性相比,男性不爱表达。因此B选项正确。

58.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据文章,下列哪一项关于女性的说法是不正确的?”。第三段第三行提到Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia(女性比男性更有可能使用社交媒体),证明B项“她们使用社交媒体比男性更频繁”正确;第二段最后一句Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink(现在,女性可以通过社交媒体来更深入地了解伴侣的想法)可知,C项“通过社交媒体,她们会更加了解自己的伴侣”正确;第三段倒数第二行womenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface(女性也同样愿意与某人面对面地分享她们在数字世界中迸发的想法)可知,D项“她们既乐意在社交媒体也愿意面对面交流”正确;而A项“她们受到社交媒体的负面影响”文章没有提及,只在第四段第二行提到thereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupports(因此,男性和女性更需要表达自己的负面情绪并寻求支持)。因此,该题选A。

59.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“男性和女性保持使用社交媒体的理由是以下除了……选项?”。从第四段EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.(迈阿密大学博士生EvaBuechel研究为什么人们在线分享内容,他发现男性和女性经历社会焦虑,也因此更需要表达自己的负面情绪,寻求支持,同样有可能保持一个博客或社交媒体账户)可以看出,A项“抱怨”、B项“得到支持”、D项“经历社会焦虑”均提到,唯独C项“交朋友”没有提及。所以该题选C。

60.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“关于男性使用社交媒体,从最后一段可以推断出……?”。最后一段讲到menareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.(男性越来越愿意在网上分享他们的创造性工作,如写作、音乐或艺术;在2008年的一项研究中,近三分之二的男性表示他们会在网上发布自己的工作,相比之下,只有一半的女性会在网上发布工作);可以推断男性更愿意分享自己的工作,A项“男性从来不分享他们的感情生活”没有提到;B项“男性希望在网上得到工作上的支持”也没有提到;C项“男性在写作、艺术和思考方面更有创造性”文中并没有说到,只是说他们愿意分享。因此D选项正确。

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Notlongagosocialmediaheldoutthepromiseofamoreenlightenedpolitics,asaccurateinformationandeffortlesscommunicationhelpedgoodpeopledriveoutcorruption,bigotry(偏执)andlies.YetFacebookacknowledgedthatbeforeandafter2016Americanpresidentialelection,146millionusersmayhaveseenRussianmisinformationonitsplatform.Farfrombringingenlightenment,socialmediahavebeenspreadingpoison.And,becauseofhowtheywork,theywieldextraordinaryinfluence.Theymaketheirmoneybyputtingphotos,personalposts,newsstoriesandadsinfrontofyou.Theycollectdataaboutyouinordertohavealgorithms(计算程序)todeterminewhatwillcatchyoureye,inan“attentioneconomy”thatkeepsusersscrolling,clickingandsharingagainandagainandagain.EveryonewhohasscrolledthroughFacebookknowsthat,insteadofimpartingwisdom,thesystemdishesoutcompulsivestuffthattendstoreinforcepeople’sbiases.

【答案】不久前,随着精准的信息和毫不费力的交流帮助好人挖出了腐败、赶走了偏执,击败了谎言,社会媒体展示了一个更加开明的政治的前景。然而,Facebook承认,在2016年美国总统大选前后,1.46亿用户可能在其平台上看到了俄罗斯的虚假信息。社交媒体非但没有带来启迪,反而在传播毒药。而且,由于他们的工作方式,他们具有非凡的影响力。他们通过在你面前放照片、个人帖子、新闻故事和广告来赚钱。他们收集关于你的数据,以便在一个让用户不断滚动、点击和分享的“注意力经济”中,有算法来决定什么会吸引你的眼球。每个浏览过Facebook的人都知道,这个系统并没有传授智慧,而是发布一些强迫性的东西,这些东西往往会强化人们的偏见。

4.单选题

WhenIwentintothediningroomthenextmorning,the(

)ofthedinnerwerestillonthetable.

问题1选项

A.remains

B.relies

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。remain“遗迹,剩余物”;rely“依靠”;remnant“剩余”;surplus“剩余;顺差”。句意:当我第二天早上去餐厅时,昨天晚餐剩下的东西还在桌上。选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

Doyouknowthefactthatbroadbeancontain()thatmustbedestroyedbycookingthemathightemperaturebeforeeatingthem?

问题1选项

A.flake

B.aroma

C.ether

D.toxin

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。flake"小薄片,火花";aroma"芳香,香味";ether"乙醚";toxin"毒素"。句意:你知道吗?蚕豆含有毒素,吃之前必须用高温烹煮。选项D符合句意。

6.单选题

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthCenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycleoreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence.

Ifconsistantandreliablegeologicalorarchaeologicalandclimatologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdrivesfromwouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.ThealternativeexplanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.Modemsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalsolar-activityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon(

).

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivityisaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenth-andearlyeighteenth-centuryChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheargumentinfavorofthefirstmodelwouldbestrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobetrue?

问题1选项

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outlinethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodernphysicists

问题2选项

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Tobothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.ToonemodeltheSun'smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrialphenomena,whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohaveobservableeffectsontheEarth.

问题3选项

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicatedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbevalidonlyforEurope.

C.Theyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeofthefounderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

问题4选项

A.Episodesofintensevolcaniceruptionsinthedistainpastoccurredincycleshavingverylongperiodicities.

B.Atthepresenttimethegloballevelofthunderstormactivityincreasesanddecreasesincycleswithperiodicitiesofapproximately11years.

C.Inthelastcenturythelengthofthesunspotcyclehasbeenknowntovarybyasmuchas2yearsfromitsaverageperiodicityof11years.

D.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,solar-activitycyclesdisplayedthesameperiodicitiesasdopresent-daysolar-activitycycles.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。A选项“指出有关太阳活动的两种相对的科学理论并对其各自的地质依据进行评价”,B选项“简要概述近期科学在太阳物理学方面的发展并且就他们对未来气候研究的影响做出评价”,C选项“讨论将地球上的各种现象与太阳活动联系起来的困难性并指出问题的解决方法影响着我们对太阳物理活动的理解”,D选项“概述有关太阳物理的问题之所以一直没解决的原因并且对现代物理学家过度理论化的方法进行指责”,根据文章大意可以推断出C选项符合题意。

2.推理判断题。文章对太阳活动的两种模式的介绍主要集中在文章的第三段。根据第三段中的“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“简而言之,太阳大范围的磁场是自给自足的,因此与之相关的太阳活动周期将会在几十亿年内维持基本不变”可知在第一种模式中,太阳活动的周期是与太阳大范围的磁场相关的并且太阳活动周期是可以长期维持基本不变的。根据第三段中的“Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.”“在这种模式中,与太阳磁场相关的太阳机制变化更快,因此,太阳活动周期的特点也会在很长一段时间后有所变化”可知在第二种模式中太阳活动的周期也是和太阳磁场相关的,但是太阳活动周期是会有所变化的。所以A选项‘在这两个模型中,周期性的太阳活动被认为是太阳的一个长期特征,在数十亿年的时间里几乎没有变化。’和C选项‘在一个模型中,太阳磁场被认为是导致太阳活动的一个因素,而在另一个模型中则不是。’表错误,D选项文章中没有体现,所以B选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中的“TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.”“太阳活动极小期的真实性还有待考证,特别是中国当时肉眼观察到的太阳活动的记录又与其相矛盾”确定A选项‘他们认为,蒙德极小期的数据是建立不正确的。’符合题意。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“简而言之,太阳大范围的磁场是自给自足的,因此与之相关的太阳活动周期将会在几十亿年内维持基本不变”确定D选项“数亿年前太阳活动的周期性特征和如今太阳活动的周期性相同”是对第一种模式的支持。

7.翻译题

科学的最终目的是提供一种描绘整个宇宙的简单理论。然而,大多科学家实际采用的方法是将这个问题分成两个部分。第一部分是一些告知我们宇宙随着时间的推移而变化的方式的规律。第二部分是对宇宙初始状态的疑问。有些人认为科学只应该关注第一部分。他们把宇宙初始状态的问题看成是玄学或宗教要回答的问题。

【答案】Theultimateaimofscienceistoobtainasimpletheorywhichcandescribesthewholeuniverse.However,mostscientistsineffectseparatetheissueintotwoparts.Thefirstpartiscomposedoflawshowtheuniversechangeswithtime.Thesecondpartconsistsofthequestionsovertheoriginalstateoftheuniverse.Somepeoplebelievethatscienceshouldonlyfocusonthefirstpartwhereasthequestionsovertheoriginalstateoftheuniverseshouldbeansweredbymetaphysicsorreligions.

8.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.WriteyourcorrectionsontheAnswersheet.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiod.

1.Period→time

Manyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliteratureasa

2.having→/

schoolsubjectarevalidforstudyoftelevision.

3.∧study→the

HealthatEverySize(HAES)isalifestylethatencourageshealtheatingand

1.______

enjoyablephysicalactivityasawaytofeelbetterandlivelonger.Unlikeother

programs,itdoesnotbelieveweightlossthroughdietingisthewaybecoming

2.______

healthy.Scientificevidencesupportsthisidea.Inastudybyresearchersatthe

U.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,78obesewomenwereplaceintoneitherthe

3.______

HAESprogramoratraditionalweight-lossprogram.Womenintheweight-loss

programwereconstructedtoeatless,countcalories,andexercisemore.

4.______

TheHAESgroupwasencouragedtoeatwhentheywerehungryandtoappreciate

thefeelingoffull,tomakehealthyfoodchoices,andtofindastyleofphysical

5.______

activitythatwasmostenjoyableforthem.Theywerenotgivenalistof“forbidding

6.______

foods”,norweretheytoldtoexercisetoloseweight.Theywerealsogiventechniques

toincreasetheirself-esteemandtoincreasetheconfidencetheyhadintheirbodies.

7.______

Aftertwoyears,bothgroupsweightedapproximatelythesame.Thewomeninthe

8.______

weight-lossgrouplostsomeweightaftersixmonths,butgaineditaftertwoyears.

9.______

ThewomenintheHAESgrouphadhealthierbloodpressure,lowercholesterol,and

weremorephysicallyactivethanthedietinggroup.

LindaBaconsaid:“PeoplewholivebyHAESideastendtofeelbetterabout

themselves,andthatcanleadtobetterhealth,too,withfewerstress.”

10.______

【答案】1.health→healthy

2.∧becoming→of

3.neither→either

4.constructed→instructed

5.full→fullness

6.forbidding→forbidden

7.increase→build

8.weighted→weighed

9.gained→regained

10.fewer→less

【解析】1.考查词性的正确使用。根据句子encourageshealtheatingandenjoyablephysicalactivity可知,eating前面的health做定语修饰eating,但是health是名词,所以应该改为它的形容词形式healthy。

2.考查固定搭配。way后面应该接一个介词of构成介词短语作way的后置定语;wayof表示“……的方式”。

3.考查固定搭配。根据该句中的or可知,either…or…固定搭配,表示“要么……要么……”,故将neither改为either。

4.考查动词的正确使用。根据句子Womenintheweight-lossprogramwereconstructedtoeatless,countcalories,andexercisemore,可知句意为:在减肥计划中,女性被要求吃得更少,计算卡路里,锻炼得更多。construct表示“建造,构造”,这不符合语境,因此改为instruct“指示,命令”更符合语境。

5.考查词性的正确使用。从thefeelingoffull可知,of后面应该跟名词,full是形容词,表示“完整的,满的”,故应将full改为名词fullness,在句中表示“饱腹”。

6.考查非谓语动词的使用。根据上下文可知forbiddingfoods表示“被禁止的食物”,即foods和动词forbid是被动的关系,因此现在分词forbidding应该改为过去分词forbidden。

7.考查动词的正确使用。动词increase“提高”和宾语self-esteem“自尊”在逻辑上不搭配,所以应该把increase改为build,表示“建立自尊”。

8.考查动词的正确使用。根据句子Aftertwoyears,bothgroupsweightedapproximatelythesame,可知句意为:两年后,两组的重量大致相同。weighted是weight的过去式,表示“加重于,使变重”;根据语境应该使用动词weigh,表示“重量为”。

9.考查动词的正确使用。根据句子Thewomenintheweight-lossgrouplostsomeweightaftersixmonths,butgaineditaftertwoyears,可知句意为:减肥组的女性在六个月后减轻了一些体重,但在两年后体重增加了。结合语境,应该是表示“在两年后体重又再次增加”,所以应该把gained改为regained。

10.考查形容词的正确使用。stress是不可数名词,fewer是修饰可数名词的,所以应该将fewer改为less。

9.单选题

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

问题1选项

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

问题2选项

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

问题3选项

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

问题4选项

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

问题5选项

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。authored意思为“写作;编写”。根据第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles(写了另外11本关于出售收藏品的书),这里authored搭配books,D选项“写”比较符合语境,也和authored词义相近。A选项“是某方面的权威”,B选项“批准,授权”和C选项“放弃权利”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”(“《垃圾还是宝藏》可以让你变得富有,”……“这比买彩票好——你不会因为拥有这本书而失去什么。”),文章写的是卖废品为财富,运用这本书的内容会让人增加财富,更不会因为这本书失去什么,所以B选项“你可能花了很多钱买彩票,却什么也得不到,但是如果你买这本书,总会得到些什么”正确。A选项“你可能会失去一张彩票,但不会失去这本书”,C选项“可能买彩票你来晚了,但是买这本书不会晚”和D选项“如果你买彩票,可能不会像他人一样优秀,但是如果你买这本书,就会和其他人一样优秀”不符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.(这就是为什么海曼博士的书是无价的:它直接把你带到1200个专业买家面前,而他们正在积极地寻找你的灰尘收集器。),这些专家专门收购垃圾,所以D选项“收集垃圾的东西”符合题意。A选项“积灰尘的东西”,B选项“受雇帮助清理垃圾的人”和C选项“被雇佣来清空垃圾箱的人”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.(因为它不仅告诉你你拥有什么可能有价值的东西,还告诉你把它卖给谁,他们在哪里,以及如何处理交易。),可知这本书的内容有A选项“专业买家的所在地”,B选项“可能有价值的东西”和D选项“谁会买有价值的收藏品”,C选项“专业买家什么时候处理交易”不包含在内。因此C选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了TrashorTreasure这本书,也介绍了这本书的作者和内容,而没有对这本书的评价,所以A选项“书的序言”正确。B选项“书评”、C选项“社会服务机构给的意见”和D选项“广告”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Thesurgicalinstrumentshavetobe(

)beforeusetopreventinfection.

问题1选项

A.heated

B.scalded

C.sterilized

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。heat意为“加热,变热”;scald意为“烫伤”;sterilize意为“消毒,灭菌”;burn意为“燃烧”。由句中后面的目的状语topreventinfection(为了预防感染)可知Thesurgicalinstruments(手术器械)应该消毒,因此选C。

句意:手术器械使用前必须消毒,以防感染。

11.单选题

IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI______.

问题1选项

A.wasofhis

B.wasofhim

C.didhim

D.didofhis

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子省略。句意:我盯着他阴沉的脸,想知道他是否注意到我的存在,正如我知道他的存在一样。as到句尾是状语从句,从句还原为asIwasasawareofhispresence,这里和前面if引导的宾语从句部分重复,故省略重复的部分,A选项wasofhis符合题意。其余选项语法错误。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

InthefaceofanuncooperativeCongress,theChiefExecutivemayfindhimself(

)toaccomplishthepoliticalprogramtowhichheiscommitted.

问题1选项

A.neutral

B.impotent

C.impudent

D.pious

【答案】B

【解析】neutral中立的;impotent无力的,无效的;impudent鲁莽的,无礼的;pious虔诚的,尽责的。句意:面对不合作的国会,行政长官可能会发现自己无力完成他所承诺的政治计划。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Extensivereportingontelevisionhashelpedto(

)interestinawidevarietyofsportsandactivities.

问题1选项

A.assemble

B.generate

C.yield

D.gather

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。assemble“集合”;generate“引起,产生”;yield“屈服”;gather“收集”。句意:电视上的广泛报道引起了大家对各种各样的体育活动的兴趣。B项符合句意,答案B

14.单选题

Ifshemarrieshim,hewillcertainly()herforadance.

问题1选项

A.lead

B.offer

C.give

D.invite

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项lead“领导;致使;引导;指挥”;B选项offer“提供;出价;试图”;C选项give“给;产生;让步;举办;授予”;D选项invite“邀请;招待;诚邀;约请”。句意:如果她嫁给他,他当然会邀请她跳支舞。因此D选项正确。

15.单选题

Thesefundswillcomewithstringentconditionsthatwillimposeexternalfinancialcontrolsand()heavilyonIceland’shard-wonsovereignindependence.

问题1选项

A.impinge

B.affect

C.afflict

D.impact

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项impinge“妨碍,侵犯”;B选项affect“影响,感染”,一般和介词to搭配;C选项afflict“折磨,使痛苦”;D选项impact“影响,冲突”。句意:这些资金将附带严格的条件,强制实施外部金融控制,并严重侵犯了冰岛来之不易的主权独立。这里是指侵犯主权,所以选项A更符合语境。

16.单选题

8.

问题1选项

A.Inthegym.

B.Intheoffice.

C.Intheclinic.

D.Intheboat.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ok,everythinglooksship-shape.

W:Great!WhenshouldIcomeagainforaphysical?

Q:Wheredidthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推断题。女士问何时来复查,由此推断对话场景应为医院。

17.单选题

Despitethe______ofherbusyafternoons—homework,carpooling,dinnerpreparation—shestrivestomaintainaninnersenseoforderandcalm.

问题1选项

A.enigma

B.turbulence

C.labyrinth

D.precariousness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项enigma“谜,不可思议的东西”,B项turbulence“骚乱,动荡,混乱”,C项labyrinth“迷宫”,D项precariousness“不安全,不稳定”。由后面的句子shestrivestomaintainaninnersenseoforderandcalm(她努力保持内心的秩序和平静),结合despite(尽管)可知,“混乱”符合语境。句意:尽管下午很忙:家庭作业,拼车,准备晚餐,但她努力保持内心的秩序和平静。因此,该题选择B项。

18.单选题

Thecompanythat

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