英语构词法-复合词课件

definitioncompound:Inlinguistics,acompoundconsistsofmorethanonestem.Compoundingreferstothefacultyanddeviceoflanguagetoformnewwordsbycombiningorputtingtogether.Inotherwords,compound,compoundingoccurswhenapersonattachestwoormorewordstogethertomakethemoneword.definitioncompound:Inlinguis1classificationCompoundNounsCompoundadjectivesCompoundVerbsclassificationCompoundNouns2CompoundNouns

Acompoundnounisanounthatismadewithtwoormorewords.Eachcompoundnounactsasasingleunitandcanbemodifiedbyadjectives.CompoundNounsAcompoundnoun3threeformsforcompoundnouns

1.openorspaced-spacebetweenwords(tennisshoe)2.hyphenated-hyphenbetweenwords(six-minute)3.closedorsolid-nospaceorhyphenbetweenwords(bedroom）threeformsforcompoundnouns4

A.noun+noun：honeybee:honey+beehousework:house+workdinningroom:dinning+room

kingship:king+shipsnowman:snow+mansnowball:snow+ballsnowfall:snow+fall

boyhood：boy+hoodhitchhiker:hitch+hikerskyjacker:sky+jacker

A.noun+noun：5football:foot+balldaydream:day+dreamshoelace:shoe+laceweekend:week+endclassroom:class+roomfire-fly（萤火虫）:fire+flyboy/girlfriend:boy/girl+friend

policeman:police+manfootball:foot+ball6B.adjective+nounfullmoon:full+moonclearway(超速道路)：clear+wayeasy-chair（安乐椅）:easy+chairredhead:red+headfreshwater:fresh+waterhardwood:hard+woodgrandfather:grand+fatherB.adjective+noun7blackboard:black+board

software:soft+ware(制品；器具；货物)freshman:fresh+manshorthand(速记）:short+handdeadline:dead+linewasteland:waste+landblackboard:black+board8C.Verb+noun:breakfastbreakwater

driveway

chat

roomjumpsuit(跳伞服）workexperienceswearwordplayboy

pickpocket

C.Verb+noun:9Dverb(-ing)+noun：washingmachinerunningwaterworkingclassrulingclasswritingdeskwritingpaperchewinggumreadinglampwaitinglistdiving－board跳板drivinglicense驾驶执照landingcard登陆卡Dverb(-ing)+noun：10E.Noun+verb/（-ing）sunrise

haircutnightfallSnowfalltoothpicksurfridefruitpickinglorrydriving开运货汽车coal－miningweightliftingbird－watchinghandwritingbookkeepingE.Noun+verb/（-ing）11F.adverb+noun

onlookerbystander(旁观者）under-clothesafter-effectupgradeoverburdenunderworlddownfall(垮台，大雨，衰败）overcoatF.adverb+noun12G.adverb+verb

Over(结束）throwinput

outputoutletupset(翻倒，混乱）upturnUpstartonflow(湍流）outbreakoutcomeG.adverb+verb13Verb+preposition:check-out/intake-off

get-togetherNoun+prepositionalphrase

mother/father-in-lawVerb+preposition:14Pronunciation

Compoundnounstendtohavemorestresson

thefirstword.Stressisimportantincompoundnouns.a'greenhouse=placewherewegrowplants(compoundnoun)

agreen'house=housepaintedgreen(adjectiveandnoun)

a'bluebird=typeofbird(compoundnoun)

ablue'bird=anybirdwithbluefeathers(adjectiveandnounPronunciation

Compoundnounst15Pluralformsofcompoundnouns

Ingeneralwemakethepluralofacompoundnounbyadding-stothe"baseword"(themost"significant"word).Lookattheseexamples:singular

plural

atennisshoethreetennisshoes

oneassistantheadmasterfiveassistantheadmasters

thesergeantmajor（军士长）somesergeantsmajor

amother-in-lawTwomothers-in-lawanassistantsecretaryofstatethreeassistantsecretariesofstate

mytoothbrushourtoothbrushes

awoman-doctorfourwomen-doctors

adoctorofphilosophytwodoctorsofphilosophy

apasserby,apasser-bytwopassersby,twopassers-by

Pluralformsofcompoundnouns16Becareful!

deadpresidentbusybody

maddoctor=ThePsychiatrist

confidenceman

dressingroomhorsesensecapitalideafamiliartalk

whitemanGreekgift

Becareful!

17Compoundnounquiz

Usingcompoundnouns,canyoushortenthefollowingphrases?1.aroomforstoresastoreroom2.thehusbandofmydaughter

myson-in-law3.twoperiodsofthreemonths

twothree-monthperiodsCompoundnounquiz

Usingcompo18Compoundadjectives1.Acompoundadjectiveisbasicallyanadjectivephrasemadeupoftwoormorewordsthatserveasasingleadjectivewhenusedtogether.2.Asageneralrule,thewordsinacompoundadjectivearehyphenatedwhentheycomebeforeanoun(awell-knownactor)butnotwhentheycomeafter(Theactoriswellknown).3.Also,compoundadjectivesformedwithanadverbendingin-ly(suchasrapidlychanging)areusuallynothyphenated.Examples:

1.Pleaserequestafour-foottable.

('Four-foot'isanadjectivedescribingthetable.Ahyphenisusedtolink'four'

and'foot'toshowthatitisoneadjective.)

2.Itisa6document.

3.Claireworkedasapart-timekeeperatthepark.

4.Thatisanall-too-commonmistake.

/v_show/id_XMjQ3OTIwMTQ4.htmlCompoundadjectives1.Acompoun19Thewarm-heartedmanboughtaready-madetoy(热心的人儿买个现成的玩具)；

Thehard-workingmanproducedahand-madetoy(勤劳的人儿做个手工的玩具)；

Thegood-lookingmanlovestoeatfat-freefood(相貌堂堂的人喜欢低脂食品)；

Thepeace-lovingmanlovestobewell-behaved

(热爱和平的人喜爱彬彬有礼)；Theone-eyedmanwasbornababy-facedone(独眼的男子天生有张娃娃脸)；Thelow-costjourneymustbeaseven-dayone(低成本的旅游当数七日游).

doggerelThewarm-heartedmanboug201.adj+noun+-ed

warm-heartedkind-hearted

bad-temperedsweet-tempered

fresh-facedmiddle-aged

white-hairedshort-sighted

warm-bloodedcold-blooded

light-heartedlight-headed头晕

light-fingeredopen-minded

slow-footedcross-eyed

good-naturedsharp-eyed

iron-willedred-lipped1.adj+noun+-ed212.adj/adverb+pastparticiple:far-fetched(牵强附会的）ready-madedeep-setnew-born

badly-woundedhighly-developedwell-informed消息灵通的poorly-litwell-knownquickly-cured

better-trainedpoorly-dressed

well-cuthard-wonnewly-made

well-behavedwell-spreadnewlymarried

2.adj/adverb+pastparticiple:223.adverb+verb(-ing):everlastinghard-workingslow-thinkingfast-thinkingfast-moving

slow-moving3.adverb+verb(-ing):234.noun+pastparticiple：man-made

home-made

hand-madegrass-coveredwater-coveredsnow-covered

travel-worn(旅行得疲乏的）air-filledpoverty-strickensun-burnt

heart-felt(衷心的）self-taughtair-borne

(忍受；负荷)

hen-pecked(啄食；扔石头；吹毛求疵）4.noun+pastparticiple：24

good-looking

fast-developing

ordinary-lookingfree-standingfunny-looking

soft-feeling

tired-looking

far-reaching

easy-goingfamiliar-soundingbad-smelling

5.adj+verb(-ing):

good-looking256.noun+adjsnow-white

color-blindday-longlife-long

Waterproof(不能透入的)

nation-wideduty-freefire-resistant反抗的；顽固的world-famoustax-freecar-sicktight-lipped

嘴紧的

airtight

ice-cold

world-wide6.noun+adjsnow-white267.noun+verb(-ing):peace-lovingfreedom-lovingtime-savingself-generating.产生的；生成的summer-floweringkite-flyingocean-goingmouth-wateringEnglish-speakingfun-lovingearth-shakinglong-sufferingtime-consuming7.noun+verb(-ing):peace-loving278.number+noun+-ed:afour-storeyedbuildingathree-leggedtableafour-footedladderatree-linedavenueaone-eyedman

two-sidedtwo-faced

8.number+noun+-ed:28

chicken-hearted

honey-mouthed9.noun+noun+-ed:

9.noun+n2910.adj+noun:

full-timefast-foodlong-distancefull-lengthwhite/blue-collarred-letter(喜庆的）high-level

shorter-term

large-scaledeep-seamid-termpart-timespecial-gradehigh-minded10.adj+noun:

full-time3011.number+noun:Afour-starhotelasix-poundchicken

aseven-dayjourney

a

four-hourmeetingasecond-handbookaone-roomhouseaone-child

familyathree-goodstudentatwo-persontent11.number+noun:Afour-starho3112.verb+noun:

break-neck

telltate(搬弄是非的）cut-rate(减价的，次等的）12.verb+noun:

3213.adj+adjwet-coldicy-coldred-hotbitter-sweetlight/dark-bluedeaf-mutepaleyellow13.adj+adjwet-cold3314.verb(-ing)+adj:steaming-hot

smoking-hot(滚烫的）biting-coldfreezing-coldsoaking-wetwringing-wet14.verb(-ing)+adj:steaming3415.Adverb+adj:

ever-victorious

over-cautiousall-round15.Adverb+adj:3516.noun+noun:

X-ray（X光的）

English-language（英国语言的）16.noun+noun:

X-ray（X光的）

3617.prepositionalphrase

at-riskin-your-face(明目张胆的）17.prepositionalphraseat-ri3718.Sentencecompoundadjectivesdevil-may-caredog-eat-dogrun-of-the-mill(平常的）dot-and-dash(莫斯科电码的）18.Sentencecompoundadjectiv38practice1.Thisisadresswhichwasmadebyhand.Thisisa_hand-made________dress.2.Itisawalkwhichtakesjust7minutes.Itisjusta__seven-minute_________walk.3.Ilikethehousewhichwaspaintedbrown.Ilikethe__brown-painted_________house.4.Canyouseethestarwhichisshiningbrightly?Canyouseethe_____brightly-shining________star.5.Thisisacakewhichismadecarefully.Thisisa__carefully-made_cake.practice1.Thisisadresswhic39CompoundVerbs

Inlinguistics,acompoundverbisamulti-wordcompoundthatactsasasingleverb.Onecomponentofthecompoundisalight

verb,whichcarriesanyinflections,indicatingtense,mood,oraspect,butprovidesonlyfineshadesofmeaning.Theother,"primary“componentisaverbornounwhichcarriesmostofthesemanticsofthecompound,anddeterminesitsarguments.CompoundVerbs

Inlinguistics,40Don’tunderestimateherpotential.Inthissentence,‘underestimate’isacompoundverbwhichcontainstwomorphemes,‘under’and‘estimate’.Don’tunderestimateherpotent411.noun+verb:

sleepwalkwindsurfbrainwashcross-questionsidestep1.noun+verb:

sleepwalk422.adjective+nounwhitewash

dry-cleansafeguard

blacklistfast-talk2.adjective+noun433.adverb+verb:downloadoverthrowovertakedownsizeupgradeupliftupbuildoverrate

underestimateoutgooutdoouteatoutrun(超过；跑得比…快)off-load3.adverb+verb:441.Conversion（转化法）2.Back-formation(逆生法）Usually:

dancer&dancing(dance+-er&-ing）英语构词法-复合词课件45Conversiontonickname←nicknametospotlight←spotlighttohoneymoon←honeymoontooutline←outlinetomachine-gun←machine-gunConversiontonickname←nicknam46Back-formationtomass-produce←mass-productiontoproof-read(校对）←proofreadingtochain-smoke←chainsmokertospeed-read←speed-readingtosoft-land←softlandingtosight-see←sight-seeingtotape-record←taperecorderBack-formationtomass-pr47Thankyou!Thankyou!48definitioncompound:Inlinguistics,acompoundconsistsofmorethanonestem.Compoundingreferstothefacultyanddeviceoflanguagetoformnewwordsbycombiningorputtingtogether.Inotherwords,compound,compoundingoccurswhenapersonattachestwoormorewordstogethertomakethemoneword.definitioncompound:Inlinguis49classificationCompoundNounsCompoundadjectivesCompoundVerbsclassificationCompoundNouns50CompoundNouns

Acompoundnounisanounthatismadewithtwoormorewords.Eachcompoundnounactsasasingleunitandcanbemodifiedbyadjectives.CompoundNounsAcompoundnoun51threeformsforcompoundnouns

1.openorspaced-spacebetweenwords(tennisshoe)2.hyphenated-hyphenbetweenwords(six-minute)3.closedorsolid-nospaceorhyphenbetweenwords(bedroom）threeformsforcompoundnouns52

A.noun+noun：honeybee:honey+beehousework:house+workdinningroom:dinning+room

kingship:king+shipsnowman:snow+mansnowball:snow+ballsnowfall:snow+fall

boyhood：boy+hoodhitchhiker:hitch+hikerskyjacker:sky+jacker

A.noun+noun：53football:foot+balldaydream:day+dreamshoelace:shoe+laceweekend:week+endclassroom:class+roomfire-fly（萤火虫）:fire+flyboy/girlfriend:boy/girl+friend

policeman:police+manfootball:foot+ball54B.adjective+nounfullmoon:full+moonclearway(超速道路)：clear+wayeasy-chair（安乐椅）:easy+chairredhead:red+headfreshwater:fresh+waterhardwood:hard+woodgrandfather:grand+fatherB.adjective+noun55blackboard:black+board

software:soft+ware(制品；器具；货物)freshman:fresh+manshorthand(速记）:short+handdeadline:dead+linewasteland:waste+landblackboard:black+board56C.Verb+noun:breakfastbreakwater

driveway

chat

roomjumpsuit(跳伞服）workexperienceswearwordplayboy

pickpocket

C.Verb+noun:57Dverb(-ing)+noun：washingmachinerunningwaterworkingclassrulingclasswritingdeskwritingpaperchewinggumreadinglampwaitinglistdiving－board跳板drivinglicense驾驶执照landingcard登陆卡Dverb(-ing)+noun：58E.Noun+verb/（-ing）sunrise

haircutnightfallSnowfalltoothpicksurfridefruitpickinglorrydriving开运货汽车coal－miningweightliftingbird－watchinghandwritingbookkeepingE.Noun+verb/（-ing）59F.adverb+noun

onlookerbystander(旁观者）under-clothesafter-effectupgradeoverburdenunderworlddownfall(垮台，大雨，衰败）overcoatF.adverb+noun60G.adverb+verb

Over(结束）throwinput

outputoutletupset(翻倒，混乱）upturnUpstartonflow(湍流）outbreakoutcomeG.adverb+verb61Verb+preposition:check-out/intake-off

get-togetherNoun+prepositionalphrase

mother/father-in-lawVerb+preposition:62Pronunciation

Compoundnounstendtohavemorestresson

thefirstword.Stressisimportantincompoundnouns.a'greenhouse=placewherewegrowplants(compoundnoun)

agreen'house=housepaintedgreen(adjectiveandnoun)

a'bluebird=typeofbird(compoundnoun)

ablue'bird=anybirdwithbluefeathers(adjectiveandnounPronunciation

Compoundnounst63Pluralformsofcompoundnouns

Ingeneralwemakethepluralofacompoundnounbyadding-stothe"baseword"(themost"significant"word).Lookattheseexamples:singular

plural

atennisshoethreetennisshoes

oneassistantheadmasterfiveassistantheadmasters

thesergeantmajor（军士长）somesergeantsmajor

amother-in-lawTwomothers-in-lawanassistantsecretaryofstatethreeassistantsecretariesofstate

mytoothbrushourtoothbrushes

awoman-doctorfourwomen-doctors

adoctorofphilosophytwodoctorsofphilosophy

apasserby,apasser-bytwopassersby,twopassers-by

Pluralformsofcompoundnouns64Becareful!

deadpresidentbusybody

maddoctor=ThePsychiatrist

confidenceman

dressingroomhorsesensecapitalideafamiliartalk

whitemanGreekgift

Becareful!

65Compoundnounquiz

Usingcompoundnouns,canyoushortenthefollowingphrases?1.aroomforstoresastoreroom2.thehusbandofmydaughter

myson-in-law3.twoperiodsofthreemonths

twothree-monthperiodsCompoundnounquiz

Usingcompo66Compoundadjectives1.Acompoundadjectiveisbasicallyanadjectivephrasemadeupoftwoormorewordsthatserveasasingleadjectivewhenusedtogether.2.Asageneralrule,thewordsinacompoundadjectivearehyphenatedwhentheycomebeforeanoun(awell-knownactor)butnotwhentheycomeafter(Theactoriswellknown).3.Also,compoundadjectivesformedwithanadverbendingin-ly(suchasrapidlychanging)areusuallynothyphenated.Examples:

1.Pleaserequestafour-foottable.

('Four-foot'isanadjectivedescribingthetable.Ahyphenisusedtolink'four'

and'foot'toshowthatitisoneadjective.)

2.Itisa6document.

3.Claireworkedasapart-timekeeperatthepark.

4.Thatisanall-too-commonmistake.

/v_show/id_XMjQ3OTIwMTQ4.htmlCompoundadjectives1.Acompoun67Thewarm-heartedmanboughtaready-madetoy(热心的人儿买个现成的玩具)；

Thehard-workingmanproducedahand-madetoy(勤劳的人儿做个手工的玩具)；

Thegood-lookingmanlovestoeatfat-freefood(相貌堂堂的人喜欢低脂食品)；

Thepeace-lovingmanlovestobewell-behaved

(热爱和平的人喜爱彬彬有礼)；Theone-eyedmanwasbornababy-facedone(独眼的男子天生有张娃娃脸)；Thelow-costjourneymustbeaseven-dayone(低成本的旅游当数七日游).

doggerelThewarm-heartedmanboug681.adj+noun+-ed

warm-heartedkind-hearted

bad-temperedsweet-tempered

fresh-facedmiddle-aged

white-hairedshort-sighted

warm-bloodedcold-blooded

light-heartedlight-headed头晕

light-fingeredopen-minded

slow-footedcross-eyed

good-naturedsharp-eyed

iron-willedred-lipped1.adj+noun+-ed692.adj/adverb+pastparticiple:far-fetched(牵强附会的）ready-madedeep-setnew-born

badly-woundedhighly-developedwell-informed消息灵通的poorly-litwell-knownquickly-cured

better-trainedpoorly-dressed

well-cuthard-wonnewly-made

well-behavedwell-spreadnewlymarried

2.adj/adverb+pastparticiple:703.adverb+verb(-ing):everlastinghard-workingslow-thinkingfast-thinkingfast-moving

slow-moving3.adverb+verb(-ing):714.noun+pastparticiple：man-made

home-made

hand-madegrass-coveredwater-coveredsnow-covered

travel-worn(旅行得疲乏的）air-filledpoverty-strickensun-burnt

heart-felt(衷心的）self-taughtair-borne

(忍受；负荷)

hen-pecked(啄食；扔石头；吹毛求疵）4.noun+pastparticiple：72

good-looking

fast-developing

ordinary-lookingfree-standingfunny-looking

soft-feeling

tired-looking

far-reaching

easy-goingfamiliar-soundingbad-smelling

5.adj+verb(-ing):

good-looking736.noun+adjsnow-white

color-blindday-longlife-long

Waterproof(不能透入的)

nation-wideduty-freefire-resistant反抗的；顽固的world-famoustax-freecar-sicktight-lipped

嘴紧的

airtight

ice-cold

world-wide6.noun+adjsnow-white747.noun+verb(-ing):peace-lovingfreedom-lovingtime-savingself-generating.产生的；生成的summer-floweringkite-flyingocean-goingmouth-wateringEnglish-speakingfun-lovingearth-shakinglong-sufferingtime-consuming7.noun+verb(-ing):peace-loving758.number+noun+-ed:afour-storeyedbuildingathree-leggedtableafour-footedladderatree-linedavenueaone-eyedman

two-sidedtwo-faced

8.number+noun+-ed:76

chicken-hearted

honey-mouthed9.noun+noun+-ed:

9.noun+n7710.adj+noun:

full-timefast-foodlong-distancefull-lengthwhite/blue-collarred-letter(喜庆的）high-level

shorter-term

large-scaledeep-seamid-termpart-timespecial-gradehigh-minded10.adj+noun:

full-time7811.number+noun:Afour-starhotelasix-poundchicken

aseven-dayjourney

a

four-hourmeetingasecond-handbookaone-roomhouseaone-child

familyathree-goodstudentatwo-persontent11.number+noun:Afour-starho7912.verb+noun:

break-neck

telltate(搬弄是非的）cut-rate(减价的，次等的）12.verb+noun:

8013.adj+adjwet-coldicy-coldred-hotbitter-sweetlight/dark-bluedeaf-mutepaleyellow13.adj+adjwet-cold8114.verb(-ing)+adj:steaming-hot

smoking-h