考研考博-英语-南方科技大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南方科技大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievements,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever“lesser”workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.

Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas“goofingoff(游手好闲)”,Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone“lazy”buildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat“laziness”werecausedbytheworker’stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being“lady”—thatis,takingtimeoffforarest-isgoodforanoverworkedstudentor,executive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho’ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyevenings,attheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

2.Thepassagestatesthat______.

3.Whichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassagesupport?

4.Thefinalparagraphis______.

5.Theword“devised”inPara.2means______.

问题1选项

A.lazinessisamoralsin

B.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazy

C.lazinessindicatesdeep-seatedemotionalproblems

D.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

问题2选项

A.lazinessisadisease

B.somelazypeopleareinsecure

C.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmful

D.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness

问题3选项

A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.

B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.

C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.

D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.

问题4选项

A.somber

B.humorous

C.serious

D.trite(陈腐的)

问题5选项

A.formulate

B.understood

C.wrote

D.proved

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲了懒惰是一种罪恶，第二段又指出懒惰也会起到很大的作用，说明本文主要讲的是懒惰的坏处和好处。因此B选项“懒惰有好处也有坏处”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“懒惰是一种道德上的罪恶”，C选项“懒惰表明了根深蒂固的情感问题”，D选项“懒惰的人做的工作更仔细”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第五句Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.（他们可能非常不信任他们的同事，以至于无法参加任何小组任务，因为害怕被嘲笑或担心他们的想法被窃取。），说明懒惰表明了一种根深蒂固的情感问题。因此D选项“对于懒惰的一个很好的定义是情感疾病”正确。A选项“懒惰是一种疾病”，B选项“一些懒惰的人没有安全感”，C选项“懒惰的好处多于坏处”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后两句Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.（所以当你想说别人懒的时候要小心。那个人可能正在思考、休息或计划他或她的下一本书。），说明有时形容别人懒惰并不准确。因此A选项“懒惰这个词有时被错误地应用”正确。B选项“大多数时候，懒惰是一种美德”，C选项“大多数装配线工人都是懒惰的”，D选项“大多数没有安全感的人都是懒惰的”在文中均没有提及，所以B,C,D错误。

4.观点态度题。由第二段可知，作者用一种轻松诙谐的笔调把懒惰和成功联系起来说明懒惰有哪些好处，观点十分新颖。因此B选项“幽默的”正确。A选项“阴沉的”，C选项“严肃的”，D选项“陈腐的”均不符合题意，所以A,C,D错误。

5.语义推测题。由题干关键词“devised”可以定位到文章第二段第三句Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.（当牛顿被苹果砸到，发明了引力理论时，他并不在果园里工作。），说明“devised”在文中是指“发明”的意思。因此A选项“发明”正确。B选项“理解”，C选项“写下”，D选项“证明”均不符合题意，所以B,C,D错误。

2.单选题

Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn’tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof"fastfashion”.Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M.andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat~andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworld’sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan’sTheOmnivore’sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnondurableandwasteful,”Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear~about64itemsperperson~andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes―andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment—includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline—Clinebelieves

lastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto.

1.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher（

）.

2.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto

（

）.

3.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

5.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

问题1选项

A.poorbargainingskill

B.insensitivitytofashion

C.obsessionwithhighfashion

D.lackofimagination

问题2选项

A.combatunnecessarywaste

B.shutoutthefeverishfashionworld

C.resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements

D.shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently

问题3选项

A.accusation

B.enthusiasm

C.indifference

D.tolerance

问题4选项

A.Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

B.Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

C.Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

D.Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

问题5选项

A.Satireonanextravagantlifestyle

B.Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth

C.Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry

D.Exposureofamass-marketsecret

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词Priestlycriticizesherassistant定位至第一段:Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther(在2006年的电影版‘穿普拉达的女王’中，由MerylStreep扮演的MirandaPriestly因猜想高级时尚没有影响自己没有魅力的助手而斥责她),因此可推知B项“对时尚不敏感”正确。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable―meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat—andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌怂恿有时尚意识的'消费者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此D项“更频繁地为自己买衣服”正确。

3.词义题。单词“indictment”后面的句子提到:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat―andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌公恵有时尚意识的消级者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此推测“indictment”在这里有“控告”的意思；故选A。

4.判断推理题。最后一段:Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto(虚荣心是一种不变的事物；人们在自己不能承担去购买东西时才会开始更可持续性地购物)。由此可推知D项“价格对有利于环境的购物是至关重要的”正确。

5.主旨大意题。由全文主要围绕“批评快时尚行业浪费资源、劳动力，且污染环境”进行分析和论述可推知C项“批评快速时尚行业”正确。

3.单选题

Mostofthestoriesabouthisprivatelifeareprobably（）.

问题1选项

A.apocalyptical

B.apocryphal

C.apocrine

D.apochromatic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项apocalyptical“天启的，启示论的”；B选项apocryphal“伪的；可疑的”；C选项apocrine“泌离的，顶浆分泌的”；D选项apochromatic“[光]复消色差的”。句意：有关他私生活的事可能大部分是虚构的。因此B项符合句意。

4.单选题

Thismedicineisveryeffective.Itcan

dangerousdiseases.

问题1选项

A.dealwith

B.cure

C.improve

D.treat

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。dealwith“处理；涉及”；cure“治疗”；improve“提高”；treat“治疗，对待”。cure通常强调结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病；而treat则通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。此处并没有明确这种药能治愈危险的疾病，因此选项A符合题意。句意：这种药很有效果，能够处理很多危险疾病。

5.单选题

Whathetoldyouisstrictly（）.Don’tletanyoneelseknowofit.

问题1选项

A.secretive

B.individual

C.particular

D.confidential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；individual“个别的，独特的”；particular“特别的，详细的”；confidential“机密的，表示信任的”。根据下一句的内容“不要让其他人知晓此事”，可知他所告知的事情是机密的，对被告知人是表示信任的，所以选项D相对于选项A来说要更恰当。

6.单选题

Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsenseoftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpandingdevices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis:itincludesinterventionsintoforeigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscametheterm“protection.”Butwhatisnewistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.

TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictoryoftheinterventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumilerwrites,“Theoldprotectionism...coexisted,withoutanyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthemarketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistributionmechanism-indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissezfaire.Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticismastotheabilityofthemarkettodistributeresourcesandincomestosocieties’satisfaction.”Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefortheprotectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionofresourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuchredistributionsoftenarenotproper.Therefore,thegovernmentintervenestobringaboutamoredesiredresult.

ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceandcontinuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermanydarestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessiveinterventionisminWesternEurope.ItalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfulWesternEuropeaneconomy.

ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnitedStatesaswellasinWesternEurope.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolarebynowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.

1.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

2.Theword“virtually”(ParA.1)isclosestinmeaningto______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfarestatementionedinthispassage?

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?

5.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?

问题1选项

A.thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism

B.thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism

C.theemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworld

D.thesignificanceofthewelfarestate

问题2选项

A.genuinely

B.really

C.nearly

D.particularly

问题3选项

A.Freeeducationisavailabletoachild

B.Lawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage

C.Ajoblesspersoncanbeinsured

D.Thereareregulationsforrent

问题4选项

A.Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnon-welfarestates

B.Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise

C.Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest

D.GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethaninGreatBritain

问题5选项

A.Whendidthenewprotectionismarise

B.WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries

C.Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife

D.DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritishgovernment

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。通读全文，可知是“新保护主义”的出现以及产生的结果。A选项“新保护主义的定义”过于片面，不符合题意，可排除。B选项“新旧保护主义的区别”也是讲述了一个方面，也可排除。D选项“福利国家的意义”也不符合题意，可排除，因此C选项“西方新保护主义的兴起”正确。

2.词义辨析题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段中“therealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.”中文翻译为：几乎所有政府活动都会影响国际经济关系。A选项“真诚地；真正地”，B选项“真正地”，C选项“几乎”，D选项“尤其”。根据“政府的一切活动都会影响国际经济关系”，这句话太过于绝对，可排除A、B选项，D选项与题意不符，也可排除，由此可知C选项正确。

3.推理判断题。由题干关键词“awelfarestate”可定位到文中最后两段，中文翻译：福利国家的胜利在北欧几乎已经完成。在瑞典、挪威、芬兰、丹麦和荷兰，政府对经济和社会生活几乎所有方面的干预都被认为是正常的。在英国，这只是稍微有点不真实。在法国，政府传统上在经济生活中扮演着非常积极的角色，并将继续这样做。只有西德胆敢逆着西欧过度干预主义的潮流而动。它也是最成功的西欧经济体。福利国家在美国和西欧都取得了重大进展。社会保障、失业保险、最低工资法和租金管制现在都是美国社会的传统福利要素。A选项“儿童可以接受免费教育”不符合上述列表。B选项“最低工资法”、C“失业者投保”、D选项“租房有规定”均符合美国传统福利要素。因此A选项正确。

4.推理判断题。通读全文，A选项“福利国家的经济比非福利国家发展得更快”，文中并未提及，可排除。B选项“20世纪30年代，保护主义开始兴起”。与句中“在20世纪30年代，保护主义是对市场分配资源和收入以使社会满意的能力的一种深刻怀疑的表现”不符，也可排除。C选项“所谓新保护主义，主要是因为它是最新的”，理解错误，不符合题意，也可排除。D选项“在北欧，政府在经济生活中扮演着比英国更积极的角色”，可定位到文中第三段“InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.”中文翻译：在瑞典、挪威、芬兰、丹麦和荷兰，政府对经济和社会生活

几乎所有方面的干预都被认为是正常的。在英国，这只是稍微有点不真实。可推测，英国对于经济的干涉较少。因此可知D选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文，A选项“新的保护主义是什么时候出现的？”，文章第一段对“新保护主义的兴起”一笔带过，可排除A选项。B选项“为什么新的保护主义在北欧国家如此流行？”，理解片面，排除。C选项“政府为什么要干预经济生活？”，可定位到文中第一段“Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade”中文翻译：新保护主义指的是政府对私营经济的整体干预如何影响国际贸易。因此C选项正确。D选项“美国政府在经济生活中的作用是否比英国政府更为积极？”理解片面，可排除。综上所述，C选项为正确答案。

7.单选题

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项fling“掷，抛”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。选项B，C，D都要投掷的意思，但只有选项D能与后面的round搭配使用，castround意为“寻找”，句意：一进房间，他就环视四周（寻找），但没有发现什么奇怪的东西。选项D符合句意。

8.单选题

Thestormsweepingoverthisarenowissuretocause（）ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.

问题1选项

A.scarcity

B.rarity

C.variety

D.invalidity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项scarcity“短缺、稀缺”；B选项rarity“罕见、珍品”；C选项variety“多样、种类”；D选项invalidity“无效、无价值”，句意为：在未来几天席卷这里的风暴肯定会造成蔬菜短缺。scarcity“短缺、稀缺”符合题意，因此选项A正确。

9.单选题

Every___hasbeentakentoevacuatethestrandedsailorsfromHurricaneBetty.

问题1选项

A.pleasure

B.measure

C.pressure

D.leisure

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项pleasure“快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事”；B选项measure“测量；措施；程度；尺寸”；C选项pressure“压力；压迫，[物]压强”；D选项leisure“闲暇；空闲；安逸”。句意：已采取一切___疏散贝蒂飓风中搁浅的水手。本句表达“采取措施疏散水手”。因此B选项正确。

10.单选题

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanevenearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotileworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon(扰乱)Europeans'privatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracyto,thesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today'stech-savvy(精通技术的)workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year—oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork“Ihavedeadlineswhich.wouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”OnlyallIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceChanning,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon'tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondEerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe'dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare（）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

问题1选项

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

问题2选项

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican—stylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

问题3选项

A.warmandlighthearted

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

问题4选项

A.somemodemwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

问题5选项

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.”，可知一位法国社会学家认为，从家庭生活到独居生活的转变，是上个世纪“个人主义”不可阻挡的势头的一部分。可判断出越来越多的年轻欧洲人保持单身，原因是被强烈的个人主义所驱使。选项A符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracyto,thesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.”，可知当前这一代独居者是在欧洲从社会民主主义向美国式资本主义那种更尖锐、更个人主义的气候转变的过程的产物。可判断出欧洲社会越来越接近美国式的资本主义。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!”，可知新的独居者年轻、好看并且健康。根据第三段第二句，“thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.”，可知他们收入还很高。选项D符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“‘I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.’”，可知Eppendorf一直在做自己想做的事，过自主的生活。这也是作者的想法，可判断出作者想表明一些现代女性更喜欢个人自由的生活。选项A符合题意。

5.主旨题。本文主要讲述了在欧洲出现了一种新的单身趋势。欧洲的新经济渐渐培养了人们的独立意识。一些专业人士或丧偶老人占单身很大的比例，一些年轻人将单身作为一种生活方式的选择。根据全文内容可知文章的目的旨在调查年轻人独居的趋势。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

China'spopulationisunevenlydistributed,withthecoastalareasintheeastthemost（

）populated.

问题1选项

A.densely

B.vastly

C.enormously

D.largely

【答案】A

【解析】句意:中国的人口分布不均，东部沿海地区人口最密集。

考查副词辨析。Densely浓密地,稠密地,密集地;vastly极大地,广大地;enormously非常,极其;largely在很大程度上,多半,主要地。空格处形容人口密集,故A符合句意。

12.翻译题

人们现在感到不满意，不是因为事情比以往更糟，而是因为比以往任何时候都好。以婚姻为例，在加利福尼亚，十对夫妇中有约六对离婚——在一些较富裕的社区这个比例还要高一些。必须承认，这些数字反映出许多不满。但人们从未像现在这样渴望和欢迎婚姻。的确，婚姻是如此地引人入胜，连很多正在办离婚的人几乎等不及法律许可，就想再度结婚了。

【答案】【参考译文】Peoplearediscontentedthesedays,notbecausethingsareworsethanever,butbecausethingsarebetterthanever.Takemarriageforexample.InCaliforniathereareaboutsixdivorcesforeverytenmarriages—evenhigherinsomeofthebettercommunities.Onemustadmitthatagooddealofdiscontentisreflectedinthosestatistics.Butmarriagehasneverbeenmorepopularanddesirablethanitisnow;soappealinginfact,thateventhosewhoareintheprocessofdivorcecanscarcelywaitforthelawtoallowthemtomarryagain.

13.单选题

ItisverystrangebutIhadan（）thattheplanewouldcrash.

问题1选项

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration启发灵感的人（或事物）,灵感;intuition直觉,直觉力；imagination想象力;incentive动机。句意：这很奇怪,但是直觉告诉我这架飞机会坠毁。

14.单选题

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks（）.

问题1选项

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项legal“法律的，合法的”。B选项regulation“规则，法规”。C选项limitation“限制，限度”。D选项agreement“协议，同意”。句意：艾伦是个优秀的足球运动员，从不犯规。breakregulation译为“犯规”。因此B选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Wearewritingtothemanager______therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

问题1选项

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”，B项withthepurposeof“目的是……”，C项withreferenceto“关于，根据”，D项withaviewto“着眼于”。根据句子可知，therepairs是由过去分词短语carriedoutattheaboveaddress修饰的名词，说明信件的内容，所以推断选项C符合上下文语境。句意：关于最近在上述地址进行的维修，我们致函经理。因此，该题选择C项正确。

16.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.【试题答案】simple改为simply

2.【试题答案】on改为in

3.【试题答案】frozen改为freezing

4.【试题答案】去掉being

5.【试题答案】去掉and

6.【试题答案】去掉the

7.【试题答案】去掉why

8.【试题答案】whether改为that

9.【试题答案】raising改为rising

10.【试题答案】for改为by

【解析】1.【试题解析】：此题考查词性区分。你可能不知道雾仅仅是一种可以触碰到地面的云，这里需要用副词simply来修饰，simple是形容词放在这里句意不通。

2.【试题解析】：此题考查固定搭配。inrarecases在罕见的情况下，属于固定词组搭配。

3.【试题解析】：此题考查动词。below是介词，后面应加动词的-ing形式，空气的温度在冰点以下。

4.【试题解析】：此题考查动词。arebeing+形容词表示一时的表现，be+形容词表示一直这样，在此处指的是一个既定事实，因此去掉being。

5.【试题解析】：此题考查固定词组。themore……the+动词的比较级，表示越多什么越怎么样，中间不需要加连接词。

6.【试题解析】：此题考查冠词用法。air与前面的water形式应当一样，the是定冠词表示特指，此处是泛指空气。

7.【试题解析】：此题考查句意理解。前面已经有了puzzlefor，表示疑问，再用why来询问的话太过赘述。

8.【试题解析】：此题考查whether和that引导主语从句的用法。它可以证明液滴在98摄氏度时会下落，因此是一个既定事实，不能用whether是否来引导。

9.【试题解析】：此题考查raising和rising的区别。，.通常形容自然界的物体：如潮涨,，日出以及这里的气流上升，都是用rise而不能raise。此外,，在这里rising是分词作形容词使用,，rise后不能加物体,，只有sthrise而不能用risesth。.raise是及物动词,，raisesth.，如raiseone’'shand。

10.【试题解析】：此题考查固定搭配。replacebysth用什么替换，以什么接替，replace一般与介词by或者with搭配。

17.单选题

Someoftheseonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

问题1选项

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些网络服务是免费的，但是其他的需要付费。carry“包含”；cashier“解雇”；coincide“同时发生”；collect“收集”。根据句意，选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Thelargeramachineandthemorenumerousitsparts,thegreaterlikelihoodofabreakdownandthemoreexpensivetorepair.Whathasbeensaidaboutmarketforcesandmanagementwasnecessarilyoversimplified.Theeconomiesofmodernindustrialnationsarelargeandverycomplex.Tobesure,thereismanagement,andtherearemarketforcesatwork,buttherearealsomanyotherfactorsthathelporhindereconomicfunction.

Inmodernindustrialsocieties’governmentsplayalargerole.Thereisagreatamountofregulation,mostofitmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic.Allregulationsaffectthewaybusinessesoperate,oftenincreasingtheircostsandreducingtheirprofits.Lowerprofits,inturn,reducetheamountofmoneywhichisknownasworkingcapitalthatacompanycanuseforexpansion.Autoemissionstandards,forinstance,havehadasignificantimpactonthemanufactureandpricingofautomobiles.Othergovernmentpoliciessuchastaxation,budgetdeficits,andregulationofthemoneysupplyhaveaneffectonhowmuchmoneyisavailableforpeopletospendongoodsandservices.

Internationalcrisesandotherconditionsalsoaffecttheworkingofaneconomy.AseverefrostinBrazilcanruinacoffeecropandraisethepriceofthatcommodity.Warcancutoffthesupplyofsuchresourcesaspetroleum,chromium,orcopper.IntheUnitedStatesenvironmentalprotestshaveslowedthedevelopmentofnuclearenergycapacityandtheminingofvasttractsofprotectedland.Weatheraffectsagriculture,ahot,drysummercandamagethewheatcrop;floodscandestroythousandsofacresofcropssuddenly,andinsectpestscandevastatecroplandwitharapidonslaught.

People’sattitudesalsohaveanimpactonthemarketingofgoods.Health-consciousindividu