考研考博-英语-吉林体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

HostilitytoGypsieshasexistedalmostfromthetimetheyfirstappearedinEuropeinthe14lhcentury.TheoriginsoftheGypsies,withlittlewrittenhistory,wereshroudedinmystery.Whatisknownnowfromcluesinthevariousdialectsoftheirlanguage,Romany,isthattheycamefromnorthernIndiatotheMiddleEastathousandyearsago,workingasminstrelsandmercenaries,metal-smithsandservants.EuropeansmisnamedthemEgyptians,soonshortenedtoGypsies.Aclansystem,basedmostlyontheirtraditionalcraftsandgeography,hasmadethemadeeplyfragmentedandfractiouspeople,onlyreallyunifyinginthefaceofenmityfromnon-Gypsies,whomtheycallgadje.TodaymanyGypsyactivistsprefertobecalledRoma,whichcomesfromtheRomanywordfor“man”.ButonmytravelsamongthemmoststillreferredtothemselvesasGypsies.

InEuropetheirpersecutionbythegadjebeganquickly,withthechurchseeingheresyintheirfortune-tellingandthestateseeinganti-socialbehaviorintheirnomadism.Atvarioustimestheyhavebeenforbiddentoweartheirdistinctivebrightclothes,tospeaktheirownlanguage,totravel,tomarryoneanother,ortoplytheirtraditionalcrafts.Insomecountriestheywerereducedtoslavery,itwasn’tuntilthemid-1800sthatGypsyslaveswerefreedinRomania.InmorerecenttimestheGypsieswerecaughtupinNaziethnichysteria,andperhapshalfamillionperishedintheHolocaust.Theirhorseshavebeenshotandthewheelsremovedfromtheirwagons,theirnameshavebeenchanged,theirwomenhavebeensterilized,andtheirchildrenhavebeenforciblygivenforadoptiontonon-Gypsyfamilies.

ButtheGypsieshaveconfoundedpredictionsoftheirdisappearanceasadistinctethnicgroupandtheirnumbershaveburgeoned.Todaythereareanestimated8to12millionGypsiesscatteredacrossEurope,makingthemthecontinent’slargestminority.Theexactnumberishardtopindown.Gypsieshaveregularlybeenundercounted,bothbyregimesanxioustodownplaytheirprofileandbyGypsiesthemselves,seekingtoavoidbureaucracies.Attemptingtoremedypastinequities,activistgroupsmayovercount.HundredsofthousandsmorehaveemigratedtotheAmericasandelsewhere.WithveryfewexceptionsGypsieshaveexpressednogreatdesireforacountrytocalltheirown-unliketheJews,towhomtheGypsyexperienceisoftencompared.“Romanestan”saidRonaldLee,theCanadianGypsywriter,“iswheremytwofeetstand.”

1.Gypsiesareunitedonlywhenthey（

）.

2.InhistoryhostilitytoGypsiesinEuroperesultedintheirpersecutionbyallthefollowingEXCEPT

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,themaindifferencebetweentheGypsiesandtheJewsliesintheirconceptsof（

）.

问题1选项

A.areengagedintraditionalcrafts

B.callthemselvesRoma

C.liveunderaclansystem

D.faceexternalthreats

问题2选项

A.theEgyptians

B.thestate

C.thechurch

D.theNazis

问题3选项

A.language

B.culture

C.identity

D.custom

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干“Gypsiesareunitedonlywhen”提供了重要信息，表明吉普赛人平时是并不会联合在一起，是个分散的民族。第一段倒数第三句中说到“onlyreallyunifyinginthefaceofenmityfromnon-Gypsies只有在面对来自非吉普赛人的敌意时才真正团结起来”，由此可知使吉普赛人团结起来的是外人的敌意。因此D选项“面对外部威胁”符合题意。

2.判断推理题。本题需要从欧洲对吉普赛人的种种迫害行为中作排除法。第二段提到“withthechurchseeingheresyintheirfortune-tellingandthestateseeinganti-socialbehaviorintheirnomadism教会在他们的算命中看到异端邪说，国家在他们的游牧中看到反社会行为”以及“InmorerecenttimestheGypsieswerecaughtupinNaziethnichysteria在更近的时期，吉普赛人陷入了纳粹种族狂热中”。因此教会、国家和纳粹都对吉普赛人进行了迫害，A选项“埃及人”符合题意。

3.判断推理题。本题需要找出吉普赛人与犹太人的区别。最后一段最后两居中说到了两个种族的比较“WithveryfewexceptionsGypsieshaveexpressednogreatdesireforacountrytocalltheirown-unliketheJews,towhomtheGypsyexperienceisoftencompared.除了极少数的例外，吉普赛人并没有表现出想要一个国家成为自己国家的强烈愿望——不像犹太人，吉普赛人的经历经常被拿来与犹太人作比较。”可知吉普赛人与犹太人的最大区别在于建立国家的愿望是否强烈，吉普赛人对自己身份的认同性不如犹太人高。C选项正确。

2.单选题

______thewall,wedecidedthatweshouldneedthreetinsofpaint.

问题1选项

A.Makingup

B.Doingup

C.Puttingup

D.Sizingup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配的用法。A项makeup“构成、化妆”；B项doup“扎、捆”；C项putup“举起、建造”；D项sizeup“判断、估量”；句意：我们估量了一下这面墙，决定需要三罐油漆。因此该题D项正确。

3.单选题

For150yearsscientistshavetriedtodeterminethesolarconstant,theamountofsolarenergythatreachestheEarth.Yet,eveninthemostcloud-freeregionsoftheplanet,thesolarconstantcannotbemeasuredprecisely.Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.

Withtheadventofsatellites,however,scientistshavefinallybeenabletomeasuretheSun’soutputwithoutbeingimpededbytheEarth'satmosphere.SolarMax,asatellitefromtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA),hasbeenmeasuringtheSun'soutputsinceFebruary1980.Althoughamalfunctioninthesatellite’scontrolsystemlimiteditsobservationforafewyears,thesatellitewasrepairedinorbitbyastronautsfromthespaceshuttlein1984.max’sobservationsindicatethatsolarconstantisnotreallyconstantafterall.Thesatellite’sinstrumentshavedetectedfrequent,smallvariationintheSun’senergyoutput,generallyamountingtonomorethan0.05percentoftheSun'smeanenergyoutputandlastingfromafewdaystoafewweeks.ScientistsbelievethesefluctuationscoincidewiththeappearanceanddisappearanceoflargegroupsofsunspotsontheSun’sdisk.SunspotsarerelativelydarkregionsontheSun'ssurfacethathavestrongmagneticfieldsandatemperatureabout2,000degreesFahrenheitcoolerthantherestoftheSun'ssurface.Particularlylargefluctuationsinthesolarconstanthavecoincidedwithsightingsoflargesunspotgroups.In1980,forexample,SolarMax’sinstrumentsregistereda0.3percentdropinthesolarenergyreachingtheEarth.Atthattimeasunspotgroupcoveredabout0.6percentofthesolardisk,anarea20timesthantheEarth'ssurface.

Long-termvariationsinthesolarconstantaremoredifficulttodetermine.AlthoughSolarMax'sdatahaveindicatedaslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput,somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadropinthesolarconstant.Thispossibilitywasdismissed,however,bycomparingSolarMax'sobservationswithdatafromasimilarinstrumentoperatingonNASA’sNimbus7weathersatellitesince1978.

1.Whyisitnotpossibletomeasurethesolarconstantaccuratelywithoutasatellite?

2.WhydidscientiststhinkthatSolarMaxmightbegivingunreliableinformation?

3.Theattempttodescribethesolarconstantcanbestbedescribedas（

）.

4.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

问题1选项

A.TheEarthistoofarfromtheSun.

B.SomeareasonEarthreceivemoresolarenergythanothers.

C.Thereisnotenoughsunlightduringtheday.

D.TheEarth’satmosphereinterfereswiththesunlight.

问题2选项

A.SolarMaxdidnotworkforthefirstfewyears.

B.ThespaceshuttlecouldnotfixSolarMax'sinstruments.

C.SolarMax'sinstrumentsweregettingold.

D.Nimbus7interferedwithSolarMax’sdetectors.

问题3选项

A.ongoingresearcheffort

B.anissuethathasbeenresolved

C.aquestionthatcanneverbeanswered

D.historicallyinteresting,butirrelevanttocontemporaryconcerns

问题4选项

A.Thelaunchingofaweathersatellite.

B.ThecomponentsoftheEarth'satmosphere.

C.Themeasurementofvariationsinthesolarconstant.

D.Theinteractionofsunlightandairpollution.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到“Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.大气中的气体分子和尘埃粒子吸收和散射阳光，阻止某些波长的光到达地面。”可知D项“地球的大气层干扰阳光。”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由本文的最后一段，“AlthoughSolarMax'sdatahaveindicatedaslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput,somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadropinthesolarconstant.尽管SolarMax的数据显示，太阳的产出在缓慢而稳定地下降，但一些科学家认为，随着时间的推移，卫星上老化的探测器可能变得不那么敏感，从而错误地显示出太阳常数的下降。”卫星探测器由于历经时间较长，对太阳常数的敏感度有所下降。可知C项“SolarMax的探测器变老旧了”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章最后一段第一句“Long-termvariationsinthesolarconstantaremoredifficulttodetermine.太阳常数的长期变化更难确定。”可知对太阳常数测量的尝试被认为是持续的一种研究过程，因此科研人员想要测量太阳常数的努力还需要继续。A项符合题意。

4.主旨大意题。本篇文章作者主要阐述的是在科学家研发出太阳卫星后，可以对太阳常数的恒量测出比较精确的值，但是测量的过程中有其他外界因素的干扰，从而导致测量结果不是那么准确。可知C项“测量太阳常数的变化”正确。

4.单选题

Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.outofthequestion

B.withinquestion

C.withoutquestion

D.outofquestion

【答案】A

【解析】介词短语辨析题。A选项outofthequestion“不可能的”B选项;withinquestion“在….的问题”；C选项withoutquestion“毫无疑问，确凿无疑”，用作副词；D选项outofquestion“毫无疑问”，用作副词。根据句意‘在两个党派之间如此的对抗之后，任何和解都将是不可能的。’只有A选项可以用作形容词作be的表语，正确。

5.单选题

Criticsbelievethatthecontroloftelevisionbymassadvertisinghas（

）thequalityoftheprogram.

问题1选项

A.lessened

B.declined

C.affected

D.effected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。lessen“使……变小”；decline“下降，衰落”；affect“影响，感染”；effect“发生，引起”。句意：评论家们认为，铺天盖地的电视广告已经影响了节目的质量。根据句意可知C项正确，答案C

6.单选题

Thedoctorsaidhisnewstrategyhadstartedto（

）,predictingthatthepatient’sconditionwouldimproveinthecomingmonths.

问题1选项

A.payoff

B.pickup

C.showup

D.sortout

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.payoff付清；取得成功B.pickup学会；获得；染上……疾病

C.showup露面；揭露D.sortout挑选；分类

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】医生说他的新策略已经开始……他预测病人的病情将在未来几个月好转。由本句后半句句意“病人的病情将在未来几个月好转”可知新策略已经生效、取得成功了，所以A选项“付清，取得成功”符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】医生说他的新策略已经开始生效，他预测病人的病情将在未来几个月好转。

7.单选题

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto（

）foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

问题1选项

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。A选项manipulate“操纵，控制”；B选项regulate“调节，管理”;C选项dominate“控制，支配”；D选项prevail“盛行，战胜”；空格前的“legislations法规”是这个动词的逻辑主语，所以跟“法规”搭配应该是B选项。

8.单选题

Therewasnotrafficvisible,butTangoholduphisrightarmmajestically,asthoughhe______acrowdofroaringtrucks.

问题1选项

A.ishalting

B.hadhalted

C.wouldbehalting

D.werehalting

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。asthough在这里引导了后面的虚拟语气，表示“仿佛”；此处是对过去的虚拟，因此从句用过去时态，又因为语境需要，表示动作正在进行，A、B、C选项时态均不对，只有D项符合。句意：路上看不到车辆，但探戈庄严地举起右臂，好像他在阻止一群呼啸的卡车。故正确答案为D。

9.不定项选择题

ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionattheUniversityofMassachusetts-Amherst,saysbluntlythatifthedangersfrombacteriallycontaminatedchickenwereasgreatassomepeoplebelieve,“thestreetswouldbelitteredwithpeoplelyinghereandthere”.

Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.BruceAmes,chairmanofthebiochemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pointsoutthatupto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.Sayshe,“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves,theyemploychemicalwarfare.”Andmanynaturallyproducedchemicals,thoughoccurringintinyamounts,proveinlaboratoryteststobestrongcarcinogens—asubstancewhichcancausecancer.Mushroomsmightbebannediftheywerejudgedbythesamestandardsthatapplytofoodadditives.DeclaresChristinaStark,anutritionistatCornellUniversity:“We’regotfarworsenaturalchemicalsinthefoodsupplythananythingman-made.”

Yettheissuesarenotthatsimple.WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.Theyunconsciouslyandunwillinglytakeintoomuchoftoomanydangerouschemicals.Iffoodalreadycontainsnaturalcarcinogens,itdoesnotmakemuchsensetoadddozensofnewman-madeones.Thoughmostpeoplewillwithstandthesmallamountsofcontaminantsgenerallyfoundinfoodandwater,atleastafewindividualswillprobablygetcanceronedaybecauseofwhattheyeatanddrink.Tomakegoodfoodandwatersuppliesevenbetter,theGovernmentneedstotightenitsregulatorystandards,stiffenitsinspectionprogramandstrengthenitsenforcementpolicies.Thefoodindustryshouldmodifysomelong-acceptedpracticesorturntolesshazardousalternatives.Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.Theproblemsthatneedtobetackledexistallalongthefood-supplychainfromfieldstoprocessingplantstokitchens.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheAmerican’sviewoftheirfood?

2.Theauthorconsidersitimpossibletoobtainno-riskfoodbecause（）.

3.Bysaying“theyemploychemicalwarfare”(Paragraph2,Line4),BruceAmesmeans（）.

4.Thereductionofthepossiblehazardsinfoodultimatelydependson（）.

5.Whatisthemessagetheauthorwantstoconveyinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyoverstatethegovernment’sinterferencewiththefoodindustry.

B.Theyareoveroptimisticaboutthesafetyoftheirfood.

C.Theyoverestimatethehazardsoftheirfood.

D.Theyoverlooktherisksofthefoodtheyeat.

问题2选项

A.nofoodisfreefrompollutionintheenvironment

B.pesticidesarewidelyusedinagriculture

C.manyvegetablescontaindangerousnaturalchemicals

D.almostallfoodshaveadditives

问题3选项

A.plantsproducecertainchemicalstocombatpestsanddiseases

B.plantsabsorbusefulchemicalstopromotetheirgrowth

C.farmersuseman-madechemicalstodissolvethenaturalchemicalsinplants

D.farmersusechemicalstoprotectplantsagainstpestsanddiseases

问题4选项

A.thegovernment

B.theprocessor

C.theconsumer

D.thegrower

问题5选项

A.Eatinganddrinkinghavebecomemorehazardousthanbefore.

B.Immediatemeasuresmustbetakentoimprovefoodproductionandprocessing.

C.Healthfoodisnotadreaminmodernsociety.

D.Thereisreasonforcautionbutnocauseforalarmwithregardtofoodconsumption.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第一段第一句“ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.许多美国人对围绕食品的大多数风险持有严重扭曲和夸大的看法。”可知C项“他们高估了食物的危害。”与原文相符；A项“他们夸大了政府对食品工业的干预”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“他们对食品的安全性过于乐观。”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“他们忽略了他们所吃食物的风险。”，原文并没有相关表达。因此C选项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第二段第二句“…upto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.……高达植物重量10%的成分是天然杀虫剂。”可知A项“没有一种食物是不受环境污染的”与原文相符。B项“农药在农业中被广泛使用”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“许多蔬菜包含危险的天然化学物质”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“几乎所有的食品都含有添加剂”，原文并没有相关表达。因此A选项正确。

第3题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第二段第三句“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves...因为植物没有颌或牙齿来保护自己……”可知这里的“theyemploychemicalwarfare它们使用化学武器”代指“植物产生某些化学物质来对抗虫害和疾病”，由此知A项“植物产生某种化学物质来对抗病虫害”与原文相符。B项“植物吸收有用的化学物质来促进它们的生长”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“农民使用人造化学物质溶解植物中的天然化学物质”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“农民使用化学药品保护植物免受病虫害”，原文并没有相关表达。因此A选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句“Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.也许最重要的是，消费者将不得不更好地学习如何正确处理和烹饪食物。”可知C项“消费者”正确。A项“政府”；B项“加工者”；D项“种植者”。因此C选项正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章最后一段第二句“WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.虽然美国人没有理由害怕坐在餐桌前吃饭，但他们完全有理由要求显著改善食品和水安全。”可知D项“关于食物消费，有理由谨慎，但没有理由惊慌。”与原文相符。A项“饮食变得比以前更危险。”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“必须立即采取措施改善食品生产和加工。”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“健康食品在现代社会不再是一个梦。”，原文并没有相关表达。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Theprisonerswhois______inchainsinacellhasbeendeprivedoffreelife.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.refrained

C.retained

D.attained

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项constrain“驱使，强迫”，B项refrain“节制，克制”，C项retain“保留”，D项attain“取得，获得”。根据句子意思“那些用铁链……牢房里的囚犯被剥夺了生活的自由”可推断，空格处应该表示“限制，束缚”，四个选项中只有A项意思与之相近。句意：用铁链束缚在牢房里的囚犯被剥夺了自由生活。因此，该题选择A项正确。

11.单选题

I（）youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.

问题1选项

A.insist

B.confirm

C.assure

D.ensure

【答案】C

【解析】近义词辨析。sb.confirmthat证实；assuresb.that...向某人保证；sb.ensurethat...确保某事会发生。选项C更符合语境。

12.单选题

Hardworkandmalnutrition（

）hishealthandhelookedthinandpale.

问题1选项

A.impaired

B.promoted

C.accelerated

D.smashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。impair意为“损害，削弱”；promote意为“促进，推进”；accelerate意为“加快，增速”；smash意为“打碎，打破”。

句意：繁重的工作和营养不良损害了他的健康，他看上去又瘦又苍白。

13.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Deteriorationinthequalityofnewmusic.

B.Insightsintothefeaturesofgoodmusic.

C.Olderpeople’schangingmusicaltastes.

D.Olderpeople’saversiontonewmusic.

问题2选项

A.Theynolongerlistentonewmusic.

B.Theyfindallmusicsoundsthesame.

C.Theycanmakesubtledistinctionsaboutmusic.

D.Theyseldomlistentosongsreleasedintheirteens.

问题3选项

A.Themoreyouareexposedtosomething,themorefamiliarit’llbetoyou.

B.Themoreyouareexposedtosomething,thedeeperyou’llunderstandit.

C.Themoreyouexperiencesomething,thelongeryou’llrememberit.

D.Themoreyouexperiencesomething,thebetteryou’llappreciateit.

问题4选项

A.Teenagers’memoriesaremorelasting.

B.Teenagers’emotionsaremoreintense.

C.Teenagersaremuchmoresensitive.

D.Teenagersaremuchmoresentimental.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】RecordingThree

[22]Whydooldpeopledislikenewmusic?AsI’vegrownolder,Ioftenhearpeoplemyagesaythingsliketheyjustdon’tmakegoodmusicliketheyusedto.Whydoesthishappen?Luckily,psychologycangiveussomeinsightsintothispuzzle.Musicaltastesbegintocrystallizeasearlyasage13or14.Bythetimewe’reinourearly20s,thesetastesgetlockedintoplaceprettyfirmly.

[23]Infact,studieshavefoundthatbythetimeweturn33,mostofushavestoppedlisteningtonewmusic.Meanwhile,popularsongsreleasedwhenyou’reinyourearlyteensarelikelytoremainquitepopularamongyouragegroupfortherestofyourlife.

Therecouldbeabiologicalexplanationforthis,asthere’sevidencethatthebrain’sabilitytomakesubtledistinctionsbetweendifferentchords,rhythms,andmelodiesdeteriorateswithage.Sotoolderpeople,newer,lessfamiliarsongsmightall“soundthesame”.

[22]Butthere’remaybesomesimplerreasonsforolderpeople’saversiontonewermusic.[24]Oneofthemostresearchedlawsofsocialpsychologyissomethingcalledthe“mereexposureeffect”,whichinessencemeansthatthemorewe’reexposedtosomething,themorewetendtolikeit.

Thishappenswithpeopleweknow,theadvertisementswesee,andthesongswelistento.

Whenyou’reinyourearlyteens,youprobablyspendafairamountoftimelisteningtomusicorwatchingmusicvideos.Yourfavoritesongsandartistsbecomefamiliar,comfortingpartsofyourroutine.Formanypeopleover30,jobandfamilyobligationsincrease,sothere’slesstimetospenddiscoveringnewmusic.Instead,manywillsimplylistentoold,familiarfavoritesfromthatperiodoftheirliveswhentheyhadmorefreetime.

Ofcourse,thoseteenyearsweren’tnecessarilycarefree.They’refamouslyconfusing,whichiswhysomanyTVshowsandmoviesrevolvearoundthehighschoolturmoil.

[25]Psychologyresearchhasshownthattheemotionsthatweexperienceasteensseemmoreintensethanthosethatcomelater.Andwealsoknowthatintenseemotionsareassociatedwithstrongermemoriesandpreferences.Bothofthesemightexplainwhythesongswelistentoduringthisperiodbecomesomemorableandbeloved.

Sothere’snothingwrongwithyourparentsbecausetheydon’tlikeyourmusic.Rather,it’sallpartofthenaturalorderofthings.

22.Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscussinthistalk?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问说话者在这次演讲中主要讨论了什么？录音开头就提出为什么老年人不喜欢新音乐的问题，后来提到也许还有一些更简单的原因导致老年人对新音乐的反感。因此D选项“老年人对新音乐的反感”正确。A选项“新音乐质量的下降”、B选项“对好音乐特点的洞察”以及C选项“老年人不断变化的音乐品味”均不是这次演讲讨论的主要内容，因此排除。

23.Whathavestudiesfoundaboutmostpeoplebythetimetheyturned33?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于大多数到了33岁的人，研究发现了什么？录音提到，研究发现，在我们到了33岁的时候，我们中的大多数人已经不再听新音乐了。A选项中的nolonger是原文stopped的同义转述，因此A选项“他们不再听新音乐”正确。B选项“他们觉得所有音乐都一样”表述过于绝对，原文中说的是上了年纪的人觉得较新的、较不熟悉的音乐听上去都一样，并不是所有的音乐，因此B选项排除；C选项“他们能对音乐进行细微的区分”，与原文表述恰好相反，录音提到的是随着年龄的增长，大脑对不同和弦、节奏和旋律进行微妙区分的能力会退化，因此C选项错误；D选项“他们很少听十几岁时发行的歌曲”表述错误，录音中提及，在你十几岁的时候发布的流行歌曲，很可能在你的余生中，在你的同龄人中仍然非常受欢迎，因此D选项也可排除。

24.Whatdowelearnfromoneofthemostresearchedlawsofsocialpsychology?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问从社会心理学中被研究得最多的一个规律中，我们能学到什么？录音中提及，社会心理学研究最多的定律之一是“纯粹接触效应”的东西，从本质上说，这意味着我们越接触某样东西，我们越倾向于喜欢它。D选项“你对某事物感受得越多，你就越喜欢它”是对录音原文的同义转述，因此正确。A选项“你接触某事物越多，你对它就越熟悉”；B选项“你接触某事物越多，你就会对它理解得越深刻”以及C选项“你对某事物感受得越多，你记住它的时间就越长”均不正确。

25.Whatmightexplainthefactthatsongspeoplelistentointheirteenyearsarememorableandbeloved?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问人们在青少年时期所听的歌曲都是他们难忘的、喜爱的，这可能是什么原因？录音提到，心理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期所经历的情绪似乎比后来的情绪更加强烈。而且我们还知道，强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和喜好有关。这两点或许可以解释为什么我们在这一时期听的歌曲会变得如此令人难忘和深受喜爱。因此B选项“青少年的情绪更强烈”正确。A选项“青少年的记忆更持久”；C选项“青少年更敏感”和D选项“青少年更多愁善感”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

14.单选题

Ashasalwaysbeenthecasewhentragedyhasstruckourcommunity,thepeopleofourtownfeeltheobligation,andrightlyso,to（）insupportofthevictimandhisfamily.

问题1选项

A.entrench

B.rally

C.disseminate

D.apologize

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。句意：当社会内有悲剧事情发生时，我们镇的居民感到有义务，（）以支持受害者和他的家人。entrench保卫、防护；rally重整、团结；disseminate散播、宣传；apologizes道歉。B项rallyin意为“举行集会”符合句意。

15.单选题

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（

）.

问题1选项

A.boundaries

B.confinements

C.limitations

D.restraints

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。boundary意为“分界线”；confinement意为“禁闭，关押”；limitation意为“限制，局限”；restraint意为“抑制，克制”。

句意：虽然有这么多的优点，电脑也绝不是没有任何限制的。

16.单选题

Paperbacknovelsinthe1940’sand1950’softenhad

coverstoattractreaders’attention.

问题1选项

A.murky

B.lurid

C.legitimate

D.pale

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：20世纪40年代和50年代的平装小说经常有骇人听闻的封面，以吸引读者注意力。因此选B。

17.单选题

Acobwebglisteningwithdewseemsas（

）asitislovely.

问题1选项

A.fragile

B.frigid

C.strident

D.tedious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项fragile“易碎的，脆弱的”；B选项frigid“严寒的，寒冷的，冷淡的”；C选项strident“刺耳的”；D选项tedious“冗长的，啰唆的，单调乏味的”。由“有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又______，又可爱”可知空格处的词语要与cobweb（蜘蛛网）在逻辑上搭配，且与lovely的感情色彩一致，因此选A。句意：有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又脆弱又可爱。

18.单选题

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

问题1选项

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。cause“成为…的原因，导致”；give“提供，给予”；contribute“贡献，出力，通常和介词to连用”；result“导致，发生”；根据空格后的介词to和句意‘（

）经济全球化发展的其他因素是先进的科学技术和更好的运输系统。’确定C选项正确。

19.单选题

Convenientfoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingare（

）ingrocerystores.

问题1选项

A.acceptable

B.available

C.capable

D.accessible

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在杂货店可以买到为烹饪备好的方便食品。

考查形容词辨析。Acceptable认可的,可接受的,令人满意的;available可获得的,可购得的,可找到的;capable有能力,有才能,能力强的;accessible可接近的,可进入的,可使用的。故B符合句意。

20.单选题

（）adelay,thetrainwillarriveinShanghaiat6:30a.m.

问题1选项

A.Except

B.Barring

C.Apartfrom

D.Onaccountof

【答案】B

【解析】介词词义解析。except“除了”；barring“倘若”；apartfrom“除……以外”；onaccountof“由于”。题中adelay是一个名词，所以需填入介词。句意：倘若没有延误的话，或者应该会在上午六点半到达上海。选项B符合题意。

21.单选题

PeoplewholettheirdogssleepwiththemorallowthemtolicktheirfacesarenomorelikelythanotherdogownerstohavethesamestrainsofE.colibacteriaastheirdogs,aKansasStateUniversityveterinarianreports.

Dr.KateStenske,aclinicalassistantprofessorattheuniversity’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saidit’sknownthatdiseasescanbesharedbetweendogsandpeopleandthatabout75percentofemergingdiseasesaretransferrablebetweenhumansandotheranimals.

ShedecidedtofocusonE.coli,whichiscommoninthegastrointestinaltractsofbothhumansanddogs.

Forthestudy,Stenskeanalyzedfecalsamplesfromdogsandtheirowners.Shefoundthat10percentofhuman-dogpairshadthesameE.colistrainsandthatthesestrainsweremoreresistanttocommonantibioticsthanexpected.However,ownershadmoremultipledrug-resistantstainsthantheirdogs.

“Thismakesusthinkthatdogsarenotlikelytospreadmultipledrug-resistantE.colitotheirowners,butperhapsmayspreadthemtotheirdogs,”Stenskesaidinauniversitynewsrelease.“Whatwelearnfromthisisthatantibioticsreallydoaffectthebacteriawithinourgastrointestinaltract,andweshouldonlytakethemwhenwereallyneedto—andalwaysfinishtheentireprescriptionasdirected.”

TherewasnoevidencethatownerswhosleepwiththeirdogorallowfacelickingweremorelikelytohavesharedstrainsofE.coli,accordingtothestudy,whichwasexpectedtobepublishedinanupcomingissueoftheAmericanJournalofVeterinaryResearch.

However,thestudydidfindanassociationbetweenantibiotic-resistantE.coliandownerswhodidn’twashtheirhandsafterpettingtheirdogsorbeforecookingmeals.

“Weshouldusecommonsenseandpracticegoodgeneralhygiene,”Stenskeadvised.Shesaidthefindthatclosehuman-dogbondingbehaviorsaren’tmorelikelytospreadgermsisgoodnewsbecauseofthephysicalandpsychologicalbenefitsofpetownership.Surveysshowthatnearlyhalfofalldogownerssharetheirfoodwiththeirdogs,andmorethanhalfallowtheirdogstosleepwiththemandlicktheirface.

“Ifyoulookatonestudy,84percentofpeoplesaytheirdogislikeachildtothem,”Stenskeadded.

FutureresearchmightlookatcatownersandsharedE.coli.MoreAmericansowncatsthandogs,andcatsinteractwithpeopleindifferentwaysthandogs,Stenskenoted.

21.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

22.ThereasonwhythestudyfocusesonE.coliisthat______.

23.WhichoneisNOTtheconclusionofthestudy?

24.AccordingtoStenske,peopleshouldpracticegeneralhygieneby______.

25.Thestudyhasbroughtgoodnewstothedog-ownersinthat______.

问题1选项

A.Closehuman-dogbondingbehaviorsaren’tmorelikelytospreadgerms.

B.Dogownersshouldnotlettheirdogslicktheirfacesorsleepwiththem.

C.Itisnothygienictoletdogssleepwithyouorlickyourface.

D.TheE.colibacteriaarespreadfromdogstotheirmasters.

问题2选项

A.thesamplesareeasytoget

B.itisarepresentativeofbacteriumfoundinhumanbowels

C.itisacommonbacteriumsharedbydogsandmankindinbowels

D.itisabacteriumspreadeasilybetweenhumanbeings

问题3选项

A.Ownershavemultipledrug-resistantstrainsthantheirdogs.

B.Dogsarenotlikelytospreadmultipledrug-resistantE.colitotheirowners.

C.Wecannottakeantibioticscasually,butonlywhenwereallyneed.

D.OwnersallowfacelickingaremorelikelytosharestrainsofE.coli.

问题4选项

A.washingtheirhandsbeforepettingthedogs

B.washingtheirhandsbeforecookingthemeals

C.severingtheirintimatebondwithpet-dogs

D.eatingdifferentfoodfromtheirdogs

问题5选项

A.itallowsdog-ownerstomaintaintheirintimatebondwithdogsatease