考研考博-英语-复旦大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-复旦大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hewrotedowntheaddress______heshouldforgetit.

问题1选项

A.incasenot

B.lest

C.inorderthat

D.offearthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：他写下了地址，以免忘记。横线到句尾部分是原因状语从句。A选项incase“以免”，不加not；B选项lest“以免”；C选项inorderthat“以便”；D选项fear“担心”，offearthat不合语法。写下地址是为了防止忘记和语法正确性，B选项lest“以免”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

Massmediaasacarrierandavenueofmessage（

）hasmoreandmoreimportantfunctionandforceinmodemsociety.

问题1选项

A.prognosis

B.promulgate

C.proclamation

D.prolongation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词和动词词义辨析。prognosis预知；promulgate传播；proclamation宣布；prolongation延伸。句意：大众媒体作为信息发布的载体与渠道，在现代社会中发挥着越来越重要的作用。根据句意可知，C项符合题意。

3.单选题

Inordertocontrolanddefeatthedreadfuldiseasesthat____humanity,concertedactivityisnecessary.

问题1选项

A.infect

B.eliminate

C.incredulous

D.plague

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.infect感染；传染B.eliminate消除；排除

C.incredulous怀疑的；不轻信的D.plague困扰；折磨

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】首先，空格处是从句谓语，应填入一个动词，其次，该词的宾语为人类，主语为致命的疾病，D选项plague“困扰；折磨”符合语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】

A选项infect“感染，传染”，没有足够的信息表明疾病是传染病；

B选项eliminate“消除；排除”，疾病还不足以消灭人类；

C选项incredulous“怀疑的；不轻信的”，该词为形容词，非动词，不符合语境。

【句意】为了控制和战胜困扰人类的致命的疾病，协调一致的行动是必要的。

4.单选题

Thefillingstation（）becausethereweretoomanyothersonthestreet.

问题1选项

A.wentunder

B.wentthrough

C.fellout

D.fellthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项gounder“破产，屈服”；B选项gothrough“参加，经受，仔细检查，通过”；C选项fellout“争吵”；D选项fellthrough“未能实现”。句意：这个加油站破产了，因为街上还有很多其他的加油站。选项A符合语境。

5.单选题

Everymemberofsocietyhastomakea（

）tostruggleforthefreedomofthecountry.

问题1选项

A.warranty

B.guarantee

C.resolve

D.pledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。warranty意为“保证，担保”，通常指承诺退款，类似质保；guarantee意为“保证，担保”，通常指只负责修理，类似保修；resolve意为“决定”；pledge意为“保证，誓言”，makeapledge意为“宣誓，发誓”。

句意：每个社会成员都必须宣誓为国家自由而奋斗。

6.单选题

Mr.Smithrecentlyhas（）tennistorelaxhimselfinsparetime.

问题1选项

A.takenup

B.takenin

C.takenon

D.takenover

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。takeup"占去;开始从事";takein"欺骗;接受;吸收";takeon"呈现,承担";takeover"接管,接受。句意：史密斯先生最近开始在空闲时间打网球,以此来放松自己。选项A正确。

7.单选题

Anewlydevelopedrobotthatcanshowitsemotionsbysmilingorfrowningmayonedayhelpcomputeruserstalkasquicklyandeasilytomachine______withotherpeople.

问题1选项

A.suchastheynowtalk

B.liketheynowtalk

C.asmuchastheynowdo

D.astheynowdo

【答案】D

【解析】考查比较级。在as...as...引导的同级比较中，第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词其基本结构为：as+adj./adv.+as。根据quicklyandeasily可知选D。句意：一种新开发的机器人可以通过微笑或皱眉头来表达自己的情感，也许有一天它能帮助计算机用户像现在一样快速、方便地与机器交流。

8.单选题

WoodcarvingbeganasanecessityinAmericaanddevelopedintoanart.Becauseofthelackofothermaterials,earlysettlerswereforcedtomaketoolsandutensilsoutofwood.Atfirst,thesearticleswerewhittledwithaknife,butwhenpioneercraftsmensetuptheirprimitiveshopsmostofthemwerefashionedonalathe—amachinewhichholdsanobjectandrotatesitwhileitisbeingshapedbyatool.

However,evenafterMassachusetts-bornThomasBlancharddesignedalathewhichcouldturnirregularshapes—aninnovationthat,madepossiblemassproductionofgunstocks,shoelasts,oblongandsquarewoodware—craftsmenwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.Somefoundreadyemploymentinshopsofcabinet-makersandchair-makers,whileotherscarveddecoys(捕兽的圈套).Stillothersspecializedincreatingshopsigns,shipfigureheads,orindecoratinginteriorwoodwork.Afewevenacceptedcommissionstomakebusts(半身像)ofprominentcitizens.

36.ThispassagemostlikelycamefromalongerworkaboutearlyAmerican（）.

37.Thepassagesuggeststhattheearlyshopsformakingtoolswere（）.

38.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,beforeThomasBlanchard’sinvention,lathes（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingobjectwasanimportantwood-workingtoolusedbyearlyAmericancraftsmen?

40.Accordingtothepassage,whenwoodenarticlesbegantobemass-produced,whatdidmanyindividualwood-workersdo?

问题1选项

A.artsandcrafts

B.politicalleaders

C.loggingindustries

D.fashiondesign

问题2选项

A.notverysophisticated

B.knownfordoingveryquickwork

C.dependentonimportedmaterials

D.frequentedonlybyfashionablepeople

问题3选项

A.werenotmadeofwood

B.couldnotproducesquareobjects

C.werefoundonlyincabinmakingshops

D.couldbeusedtomakemosttoolsandutensils

问题4选项

A.Abust

B.Adecoy

C.Afigurehead

D.Achisel

问题5选项

A.TheymovedoutofMassachusetts.

B.Theyfoundwoodmakingspecializeditems.

C.Theymadedemandsongovernmentleaders.

D.Theytookjobsonshipsassailors.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】36.推理判断题。A选项artsandcrafts“艺术与手工艺”；B选项politicalleaders“政治领袖”；C选项loggingindustries“木材业”；D选项fashiondesign“时装设计”。定位在第一段第一句WoodcarvingbeganasanecessityinAmericaanddevelopedintoanart.（在美国，木雕开始是作为必需品，然后发展成为一门艺术。）本文主要围绕本句展开讨论，故选A。

37.推理判断题。关键词定位在第一段末尾句Atfirst,thesearticleswerewhittledwithaknife,butwhenpioneercraftsmensetuptheirprimitiveshopsmostofthemwerefashionedonalathe—amachinewhichholdsanobjectandrotatesitwhileitisbeingshapedbyatool.（起初，这些物品是用刀来切割的，但先驱工匠们建立他们原始的店铺时，大多数物品都是在车床上加工的。车床是一种机器，它可以固定物体，并能在物体旋转的同时进行加工。）而第二段中craftsmenwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.（能熟练运用刀和凿子的工匠仍然供不应求。）由此可知，制作工具的早期商店还是不够精细的。A选项“不是很有经验的；不是很精致”，B选项“以工作速度快而闻名”，C选项“依赖进口材料”，D选项“只有懂时尚的人才会光顾”，BCD选项原文中并未提及，故选A。

38.推理判断题。定位在第二段的第一句However,evenafterMassachusetts-bornThomasBlancharddesignedalathecouldturnirregularshapes…（然而，即使是出生在马萨诸塞州的托马斯•布兰查德设计的一台车床也只能加工不规则形状的物体。）由此可以推理出在他发明的车床之前都是不能加工出有规则形状的物体。由此可知B选项“不能制造正方形的物体”正确。A选项“不是用木头做的”，文章并未介绍车床制作的材料。C选项“只能在橱柜店看到”属于无中生有。D选项“可以用来制造大多数工具和器皿”根据原文Becauseofthelackofothermaterials,earlysettlerswereforcedtomaketoolsandutensilsoutofwood.（由于缺乏其他材料，早期的定居者被迫用木头制造工具和器皿。）可以知道早期的车床只能做出木质的工具和器皿。可知D选项错误。故选B。

39.客观细节题。定位在第二段第一句的末尾处craftsmanwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.（能够熟练使用刀和凿子的工匠仍然供不应求。）可知D选项“凿子”为正确答案。A选项“半身像”，B选项“捕兽的圈套”，C选项“装饰船头的人像”，A，B，C选项皆为成品，并不是工具类的物品，不属于工具，故选D。

40.推理判断题。定位在第二段的最后三句Somefoundreadyemploymentinshopsofcabinet-makersandchair-makers,whileotherscarveddecoys.Stillothersspecializedincreatingshopsigns,shipfigureheads,orindecoratinginteriorwoodwork.Afewevenacceptedcommissionstomakebustsofprominentcitizens.（一些准备在橱柜和椅子制造商中就业，而其他人雕刻捕兽的圈套。甚至，其他人专门做店铺招牌、装饰船头的人像或者装饰室内木制品。一部分木雕师甚至接受任务给名人做上半身塑像。”）因此可知，个体木工们找到并细分了自己这块工作的方向。由此可知，B选项“他们找到了木工制作的专门事项”正确。A选项“他们搬出了马萨诸塞州”，C选项“他们向政府领导人提出要求”，D选项“他们在船上当水手”ACD选项在原文中并未提及，故选B。

9.单选题

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.,workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears;middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation—growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,theoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist’stradeorbookkeeping.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployeeshipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employeeshipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainly,morepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeethanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,andthegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

1.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,withthedevelopmentofmodemmodernindustry________.

3.Theword“dubious”(underlinedinPara2.)mostprobablymeans________.

4.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis________.

5.Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployeeshiphelpsone________.

问题1选项

A.eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B.twentypercentofAmericanintellectualswereemployees

C.thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D.thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

问题2选项

A.factorylaborerswillovertakeintellectualemployeesinnumber

B.theproportionoffactorylaborersinthetotalemployeepopulationhasdecreased

C.employershaveattachedgreatimportancetofactorylaborers

D.thereareasmanymiddle-classemployeesasfactorylaborers

问题3选项

A.valuable

B.useful

C.doubtful

D.helpful

问题4选项

A.asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

B.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

C.moreimportantthanemployeremployeerelations

D.asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

问题5选项

A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer

B.tobemorespecializedinhisfield

C.tosolvetechnicalproblems

D.todevelophisprofessionalskill

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段Andwhenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.（50年前，“被雇佣”的意思是作为工厂工人或农场工人工作，而今天的雇员越来越多地是中产阶级，接受过大量的正规教育，从事需要智力和技术技能的专业或管理工作。），由此可知50年前，当人们提到被雇佣时想到的是工厂或农场工人，而现在想到的是中产阶级，由此可推断出50年前，知识分子作为雇员工作的占比没有产业工人的大，所以D选项“知识分子作为雇员工作的百分比没有产业工人的百分比大”正确。A选项“百分之八十的美国工人受雇于工厂”和B选项“百分之二十的美国知识分子是雇员”对应文章第二句“大约一百年前，每五个在工作的美国人中只有一个被雇佣，即为别人工作。”，此处说的是一百年前，并不是五十年，且此处要表达的意思是一百年前百分之二十的美国工人受雇于工厂，所以A选项和B选项说法都不正确，属于反向干扰；C选项“知识分子在全体劳动力中的比例几乎与产业工人的比例相同”说法错误，文章第一段说到50年前，知识分子作为雇员工作的占比没有产业工人的大，所以C选项属于反向干扰。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation—growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.（事实上，在过去的50年里，美国社会有两个特点：中产阶级和上层社会的雇员一直是我们劳动人口中增长最快的群体——增长如此之快，以至于工业革命时以体力为主的工人在数量上已经失去了重要性，尽管工业生产在扩大。），由此可推断出产业工人的数量减少了，所以B选项“产业工人在总雇员人口中的比例有所下降”正确。A选项“产业工人的数量将超过知识型员工”和D选项“中产阶级雇员和产业工人一样多”与原文表述不符，属于反向干扰；C选项“雇主非常重视产业工人”文章没有提到，属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。

3.词汇推断题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段开头Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.（然而，你会发现几乎没有任何关于如何成为一名员工的内容。但是你却可以找到很多关于如何获得工作或晋升非常______的建议。），根据第一句几乎没有什么文章写道应该如何成为一名员工，却有如何获得工作或晋升的建议，所以不难推测这种建议是不可信的，因此C选项“可疑的；不可信的”正确。A选项“有价值的”；B选项“有用的”；D选项“有帮助的”都与原文所表达的意思相反，属于反向干扰，因此C选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段Certainly,morepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeethanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade（当然，更多的人失败是因为他们不知道作为一名员工的要求，而不是因为他们没有充分掌握自己的行业技能），由此可推断作者认为知道自己作为员工的要求，即做一名好员工比掌握专业知识技能更重要，所以B选项“不如意识到自己要做一名好员工那么重要”正确。A选项“与处理公共关系的能力同等重要”、C选项“比劳资关系更重要”和D选项“与组织中其他人合作的能力同样重要”文章都没有提到，属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到最后一段最后两句employeeshipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill…thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,andthegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.（对成功来说，雇佣制度比特殊的专业知识或技能更为重要……你的职位越高，你进入行政或管理工作的机会就越多，你就越重视在组织内的工作能力，而不是技术能力或专业知识。），由此可知雇佣制度有利于帮助一个人在他的职业生涯中取得较大成功，所以A选项“在他的事业上更成功”正确。B选项“在他的领域更专业”、C选项“解决技术问题”以及D选项“发展他的专业技能”都与文章表述不符，此处提到了雇佣制度中，知道自己作为员工的要求比任何专业知识、技术知识以及专业技能都更重要，B、C、D选项属于反向干扰。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

ASouthernCaliforniabreweryhassuccessfullytestedabeerusingtreatedsewagewater.StoneBrewing,alargecraftbrewingoperationheadquarteredinEscondido,presenteditsFullCirclePaleAletocuriouscustomersataneventlatelyinSanDiego.

Thenewaleismadeusingrecycled,treatedsewagewaterandispartofSanDiego'splan,'pureWaterSanDiego’，togetathirdofitswaterfromrecycledsourcesby2021.Andtheverdictforthebrew,whichsomehavedubbed'toilettap’，seemedtobequitepositive,SFGatereported.

SanDiegomayorKevinFaulconertoldtheTimesthatthebrewwas'fantastic'andadded:There'snobetterwaytohighlightthepurityofthiswater.Otherpatronssaidthebrewwasoutstandinganddelicious.StoneBrewing'sSeniorManagerofBrewingandInnovation,SteveGonzalez,createdthebeerandsaidthathewasdoubtfulatfirst.Butalldoubtsweredispelledwhenhetriedhisbrew.

HetoldABC10:'AmongthepalealesthatI'vemade,it'sprobablyinthetopthree.'Thebeerwasmadewiththreemaltsandthreehopsandhas'carameland'tropicalfruit'notes.Therecycledwateronlyneededsomesaltsbeforebrewing.Thebreweryisusedtousingdifferentwatersourceswhichinturnhavedifferentproperties-followingCalifornia'sextremedroughtconditions.

StoneBrewinghopestomaketheFullCirclePaleAleavailablesoon.

1.StoneBrewingissuccessfulinmakinga（）.

2.Thepublicrespondtothebeeris（）.

3.SteveGonzalez（）.

4.“PureWaterSanDiego”isto（）.

5.StoneBrewingis（）.

问题1选项

A.recycledwaterbeer

B.sewagewaterbeer

C.toiletwaterbeer

D.tapwaterbeer

问题2选项

A.doubtful

B.passive

C.positive

D.curious

问题3选项

A.madethreebeerswiththreemaltsandthreehops.

B.saidthebrewwasoutstandinganddelicious.

C.presentedthebrewtocuriouscustomersinSanDiego.

D.madethebrewthoughdoubtfulatfirst.

问题4选项

A.treatallwaterby2021

B.recycleathirdofwaterby2021

C.purifyitwaterby2021

D.makeathirdofwaterby2021

问题5选项

A.goodatusingdifferentwatersources.

B.positiveinusingdifferentwatersources.

C.recyclingdifferentwatersources.

D.usedtousingdifferentwatersources.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:ASouthernCaliforniabreweryhassuccessfullytestedabeerusingtreatedsewagewater(南加州的一家啤酒厂用处理过的污水成功地测试了一种啤酒)，第二段还指出:Thenewaleismadeusingrecycled,treatedsewagewater(这种新的麦芽酒是用经过循环处理的污水制成的)。因此，A项“循环水啤酒”正确。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Andtheverdictforthebrew,whichsomehavedubbed'toilettap’，seemedtobequitepositive(一些人称之为“马桶到水龙头”的啤酒反响似乎还不错)，因此C项“积极的，肯定的”正确。

3.细节事实题。第三段指出:StoneBrewing'sSeniorManagerofBrewingandInnovation,SteveGonzalez,createdthebeerandsaidthathewasdoubtfulatfirst.Butalldoubtsweredispelledwhenhetriedhisbrew(斯通酿酒公司负责酿造和创新的高级经理史蒂夫冈萨雷斯（SteveGonzalez）创造了这款啤酒，并表示他一开始很怀疑。但当他试着冲泡时，所有的疑虑都消除了)。因此D项“一开始对这款啤酒心存怀疑”正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“PureWaterSanDiego”定位至第二段:Thenewaleismadeusingrecycled,treatedsewagewaterandispartofSanDiego'splan,'pureWaterSanDiego,togetathirdofitswaterfromrecycledsourcesby2021(这款新啤酒用的是处理过的回收污水，是圣地亚哥市“净水圣地亚哥”计划的一部分，目标是在2021年前实现三分之一的用水为回收水)。因此，B项“到2021年，回收三分之一的水”正确。

5.细节事实题。第四段指出:Thebreweryisusedtousingdifferentwatersourceswhichinturnhavedifferentproperties-followingCalifornia'sextremedroughtconditions(加州极度缺水，因此酿酒厂常使用不同的水源，而这些水质也相应地有区别)。因此选D项“常使用不同水源”。

11.不定项选择题

Somepeoplesaythatthestudyofliberalartsisauselessluxurywecannotaffordinhardtimes.Students,theyargue,whodonotdevelopsalablekillswillfinditdifficulttolandajobupongraduation.Butthereisaprobleminspeakingof“salableskills”.Whatskillsaresalable?Rightnow,skillsformakingautomobilesarenothighlysalable,buttheyhavebeenfordecadesandmightbeagain.Skillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates.What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusivelyonwhatissalable,onewillhavetomakethecoursesveryshortandchangethemveryoften,inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket.Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.

Aschoolthatdevotesitselftotallytosalableskills,especiallyinatimeofhighunemployment,sendingyoungmenandwomenintotheworldarmedwithonlyanarrowrangeofskills,isalsosendinglambsintothelion’sden.Ifthosepeoplegainnothingmorefromtheirstudiesthansupposedlysalableskills,andcan’tmakethesalebecauseofchangesinthejobmarket,theyhavebeencheated.Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough.Flexibility,andabilitytochangeandlearnnewthings,isavaluableskill.Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.

1.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorisfavorof（）.

2.Theword“fluctuate”(Line5,Para.1)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whoofthefollowingismorelikelytogetajobintimesofhighunemployment?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,indevelopingacurriculumschoolshould（）.

5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.teachingpracticalskillthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket

B.aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes

C.aliberaleducation

D.keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket

问题2选项

A.remainsteady

B.changeinanirregularway

C.followasetpattern

D.becomeworseandworse

问题3选项

A.Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself.

B.Aconstructionworkers.

C.Acarrepairman.

D.Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills.

问题4选项

A.predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket

B.takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration

C.considerwhatskillsaresalable

D.focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges

问题5选项

A.liberalartseducationisbeingchallengednow

B.schoolsthatteachpracticalskillsfarebetterduringhardtimes

C.extracurricularactivitiesaremoreimportantthanclassroomlearning

D.manystudentsfeelcheatedbytheeducationalsystem

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。由题干定位到文章最后一段第三句“…ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated”，如果学习能让他们更好地了解周围的世界，更能适应不断变化的世界，那么他们就没有被欺骗。这说明作者赞同让学生能了解周围世界、适应世界变化的通识教育。A选项“teachingpracticalskillthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket”意为“教授能在当前就业市场上出售的实用技能”，由原文可知，作者认为就业市场是不断变化的，把年轻男女输送到只有有限技能的世界，是在把羔羊送入虎穴，所以作者是不赞同的；B选项“aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes”意为“随时代变化的灵活课程”，作者对于这种课程的态度是“Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?”但这种努力不会是徒劳的吗？所以作者是不赞同的；C选项“aliberaleducation”意为“通识教育”，与原文相符；D选项“keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket”意为“保持劳动力市场供求平衡”，原文“thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord”我们不可能使劳动力的供求完全一致，所以作者是不赞同的。因此C选项符合题意。

第2题:语义推测题。由fluctuate定位到文章第一段第六句“Skillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates”，随着就业市场的波动，技能是可售性变化的另一个例子。并且由后文可知，therapidchangesinthejobmarket就业市场是快速变化的。A选项“remainsteady”，意为“保持稳定”，与原文不符；B选项“changeinanirregularway”意为“不规则的变化”，与原文相符；C选项“followasetpattern”意为“遵循固定模式”，原文并未提及就业市场的变化有固定的模式；D选项“becomeworseandworse”意为“变得越来越糟”，原文只是指变化但没有说是往糟糕的方向发展。因此B选项符合题意。

第3题:判断推理题。由highunemployment定位到文章第二段。文章第二段提到现在是个高失业率的时代，首先从反面举例如果只学会少数技能就进入社会等于羊入虎穴，接着又说到学习理解和适应这个改变的世界能更快找到工作，最后总结道“Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills”学会学习是最高的不受限制的技能之一，因此有自学能力的更容易找到工作。A选项“Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself”意为“有自学能力的人”，符合原文；B选项“Aconstructionworkers”意为“一位建筑工人”，C选项“Acarrepairman”意为“一位汽车修理工”和D选项“Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills”意为“一个有相当多的销售技巧的人”，都只是掌握了少数技能，但不是自学的能力。因此A选项符合题意。

第4题:判断推理题。由developingacurriculumschool定位到文章第一段第七句“What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusively…inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket”即发展课程就必须使课程非常短，并经常更换它们，以跟上就业市场的快速变化。由此可推测，现代课程的着重点在于适应变化的能力。A选项“predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket”意为“预测技能在未来就业市场的销路”，原文未提及预测技能的销路，是强调就业市场是不断变化的，要去适应这种变化；B选项“takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration”意为“把当前的就业市场也考虑进去”，就业市场是一直变化的，所以重点是适应变化；C选项“considerwhatskillsaresalable”意为“考虑哪些技能是可以销售的”，可销售的技能是需要不断更换的，所以不是课程的重点；D选项“focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges”意为“关注适应变化的能力”，符合原文。因此D选项符合题意。

第5题:判断推理题。结合选项和题干可知，本题需逐个分析各个选项。A选项“liberalartseducationisbeingchallengednow”意为“通识教育现在正受到挑战”，与原文相符；B选项“schoolsthatteachpracticalskillsfarebetterduringhardtimes”意为“在不景气的时候，教授实用技能的学校表现更好”，与原文相反，学会有限技能的人进入社会只是羊入虎口，所以最关键的技能是自学能力；C选项“extracurricularactivitiesaremoreimportantthanclassroomlearning”意为“课外活动比课堂学习更重要”，原文是指有自学能力的人在校外也能继续学习，但并没有说课外活动就比课堂学习更重要；D选项“manystudentsfeelcheatedbytheeducationalsystem”意为“许多学生觉得教育制度欺骗了他们”，原文是如果他们获得的只是销售技能，不能随就业市场的变化而变化，那么他们就是受骗了，但这不是学生的想法，是作者的观点。因此A选项符合题意。

12.填空题

Thesedrugs________alertness,elevatemood,anddecreasefatigueandtheneedforsleep,buttheyoftenmakeusersirritableandtalkative.(height)

【答案】heighten

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】Thesedrugs为句子主语，横线处为谓语动词。结合语境，这里先列出了这些药物的治疗功效，然后列出药物副作用，其中一个功效就是_____警觉性，heighten的意思为“（使）加强，提高，增加”，符合语境。

【句意】这些药物会提高警觉性，改善情绪，减少疲劳和睡眠需求，但它们往往让服用者易怒并且健谈。

13.单选题

Economicsinvolvesthestudyoftopicslikewealthandpoverty,moneyandbanks,incomes,taxes,prosperityanddepression,bigbusinessandlaborunions,andhundredsofothermattersthatintimatelyaffectthewaywelive.Economicforcessurroundourdailylives,influencinghoweasyorhowharditistogetajob,howmuchwecanearninourchosenoccupations,andhowmuchourpaycheckswillbuyafterwereceivethem.

Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisionsabouthowmuchtospendandforwhatpurposes,andhowmuchtoraiseintaxesandwhoshouldbetaxedaswellasintheirevaluationsoftheconsequencesofwar,peace,anddisarmament.Urbanslums,jobdiscrimination,unequaleducationalopportunities,andcivilrightshaveimportantconsequencesforallofusforboththosewhoarediscriminatedagainstandthosewhoarenot.Atastillmoregloballeveleconomicfactorsareinvolvedinbirth,health,death,populationgrowth,andthedynamicsofhistory.

Infact,probablywithoutexception,eachtopicineconomicsnotonlytouchessomewhereonyourownpersonallifebutisalsoimportanttosomecurrenteconomicproblemsofgovernmentonsocialpolicyandis,atthesametime,involvedinthelong-rangeconcernsofhumanhistory.

Thecommonthreadthatrunsthroughallofthesetopics,bindingthemtogetherintoacoherentbodyofstudy,isthatonewayoranothereachdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.Practicallynothingthatweeat,wear,orusecomestousdirectlyfromnature.Aloafofbreadistheendresultoflongseriesofoperationsthatbeginswithplantingandharvestinggrainandproceedsthroughmilling,baking,andshippingtothepointatwhichthehousewifecanpicktheloafoffthegrocer’sshelf.Thedriverfillinghistankataservicesstationistakingthefinalstepinalongchainofactivities:drillingoilwells,movingpetroleuminshipsandpipelines,chemicaltreatment,refiningandstorage.Thesameisgenerallytrueofallgoods.

Theprocessofbridgingthegapbetweentheoriginalresourcesofnatureandneedsofthefinalconsumerisproduction.Productionincludesanyactivitythatmakesgoodsandservicesavailabletopeople.Itisnotrestrictedtoworkontangiblephysicalcommodities,butencompassesservicesaswell.Doctors,lawyers,teachers,andbarbersareproductive,asareactors,musicians,entertainers,andotherswhoperformservicesforourbenefits.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?

2.Wemayinferfromthecontextthattheword“encompass”(Line4,Paragraph5)means（）

3.Accordingtothepassage,economicsisthestudyof（）

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Economicfactorsinfluenceourdailylife.

B.Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisionsaboutsomepolicies.

C.Whatwestudyineconomicsishowgovernmentsinfluencetheuseofland,labor,capital,etc.

D.Theservicesofwholesalers,retailersandbankersareanimportantpartoftheproductiveprocess.

问题2选项

A.surround

B.enclose

C.encircle

D.include

问题3选项

A.productionandconsumption

B.government’spolicy

C.activitiesthatmakegoodsavailabletopeople

D.consequencesofwarandpeace.

问题4选项

A.Theservicesofdoctors,lawyersandteachersareunproductive.

B.Economicfactorsareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofhistory.

C.Allthatweeat,wear,orusecomestousdirectlyfromnature.

D.Jobdiscriminationandunequaleducationalopportunitieshaveimportantconsequencesonlyforthosewhoarediscriminatedagainst.

问题5选项

A.Urbanslums,jobdiscrimination,unequaleducationalopportunities,andcivilrightsareexcludedfromeconomicfactors.

B.Eachtopicineconomicsdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.

C.Governmentpoliciesdeterminethelinkbetweentheresourcesofnatureandneedsoftheconsumer.

D.Ahousewifecannotpickaloafofbreadoffthegrocer’sshelfunlessthereisagoodharvest.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段的一二句“...affectthewaywelive.”对应选项A；第二段的第一句“Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisions...”对应选项B；最后一段的第三句“Itisnotrestrictedtoworkontangiblephysicalcommodities,butencompassesservicesaswell.”对应选项D。只有选项C在文中没有提及。

2.词义题。根据原文：它不限制于有形的物质设施,但是也服务。选项D包括,与原文encompass意思最相近。

3.细节事实题。根据第四段的第一句“...,isthatonewayoranothereachdeals