考研考博-英语-山东科技大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东科技大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ipreferhisplantoyours,（）itismorepracticalandeasiertobecarriedout.

问题1选项

A.forwhich

B.inwhich

C.forthat

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】句意：与你的计划相比，我更喜欢他的计划，因为它更实际，更容易执行。inthat表原因，符合句意。

2.单选题

NomanhasbeenmoreharshlyjudgedthanMachiavelli,especiallyinthetwocenturiesfollowinghisdeath.Buthehassincefoundmanyablechampionsandthetidehasturned.Theprincehasbeentermedamanualfortyrants,theeffectofwhichhasbeenmostharmful.ButwereMachiavelli’sdoctrinesreallynew?Didhediscoverthem?Hemerelyhadthefranknessandcouragetowritedownwhateverybodywasthinkingandwhateverybodyknew.Hemerelygivesustheimpressionshehadreceivedfromalongandintimateintercoursewithprincesandtheaffairsofstate.ItwasLordBaconwhosaidthatMachiavellitellsuswhatprincesdo,notwhattheyoughttodo.WhenMachiavellitakesCaesarBorgiaasamodel,hedoesnotpraisehimasaheroatall,butmerelyasaprincewhowascapableofattainingtheendinview.Thelifeofthestatewastheprimaryobject.Itmustbemaintained.AndMachiavellihaslaiddowntheprinciples,baseduponhisstudyandwideexperience,bywhichthismaybeaccomplished.Hewrotefromtheviewpointofthepolitician—notofthemoralist.Whatisgoodpoliticsmaybebadmorals,andinfact,byastrangefatality,wheremoralsandpoliticsclash,thelattergenerallygetstheupperhand.AndwillanyonecontendthattheprinciplessetforthbyMachiavelliinhisPrinceorhisDiscourseshaveentirelyperishedfromtheearth?Hasdiplomacybeenentirelystrippedoffraudandduplicity?LetanyonereadthefamouseighteenthchapterofThePrince:“InwhatMannerPrincesshouldKeeptheirFaith.”andhewillbeconvincedthatwhatwastruenearlyfourhundredyearsago,isquiteastruetoday.

OftheremainingworksofMachiavellithemostimportantistheHistoryofFlorencewrittenbetween1521and1525,anddedicatedtoClementVII.ThisbookismerelyarapidreviewoftheMiddleAges,andaspartofitthehistoryofFlorence.Machiavelli’smethodhasbeencriticizedforadheringattimestoocloselytothechroniclersofhistime,andatothersrejectingtheirtestimonywithoutapparentreason,whileinitsdetailstheauthorityofhisHistoryisoftenquestionable.Itisthestraightforward,logicalnarrative,whichalwaysholdstheinterestofthereader,thatisthegreatestcharmoftheHistory.

36.Itcanbeinferredfromthebeginningofthetextthat______.

37.LordBacon’sremarksonMachiavelliisquotedas______.

38.InthecaseofCaesarBorgiatheauthorholdsthat______.

39.Accordingtotheauthor,apolitician’smorality______.

40.Theauthor’sopiniononMachiavelli’sHistoryofFlorenceisthat______.

问题1选项

A.manypeopleusedtothinkhighlyofMachiavelli

B.Machiavellihadbeenveryinfluentialamongtherulers

C.Machiavelliwaswidelyreadamonghiscontemporaries

D.Machiavellihasbeenatargetofcriticismthroughouthistory

问题2选项

A.asupportfortheauthor’sviewpoint

B.oneofthemainstreamviewonhim

C.ajudgmentinsupportofmostcritics

D.amodificationoftheauthor’spreviousstarts

问题3选项

A.Machiavellihasbeenobjective

B.Machiavellirevealedhispersonality

C.CaesarBorgiawasadeservedmodel

D.MachiavelliovervaluedCaesarBorgia

问题4选项

A.isnomatchforhispoliticalambition

B.hasbeenundervaluedbyMachiavelliandhislikes

C.isusuallyofsecondaryimportance

D.shouldbetakenasayardstickofhisinability

问题5选项

A.historyhasmuchtodowiththepersonwhorecordsit

B.thecharmliesinthestyleratherthaninthecontent

C.mostpeoplefailedtoreadMachiavelli’sintentioninit

D.anyhistoryofthiskindshouldbewritteninthisway

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】36.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句NomanhasbeenmoreharshlyjudgedthanMachiavelli,especiallyinthetwocenturiesfollowinghisdeath.（没人比马基雅维利所遭受的批判更严酷了，尤其是在他死后的两个世纪以内。），说明马基雅维利在历史上一直都是人们批判的对象。因此D选项“马基雅维利在历史上一直是被批判的对象”正确。A选项“过去很多人对马基雅维利的评价很高”，B选项“马基雅维利在统治者中的影响很大”，C选项“马基雅维利在同时代人中阅读量很大”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，C错误。

37.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。作者在说明马基雅维利一直受到严厉批判后指出Buthehassincefoundmanyablechampionsandthetidehasturned.（但是，他从此铸造了许多能干的斗士，潮流也从此逆转了。），接着说《君主论》成了暴君的指南，后果极其有害。然后，作者提出了两个问题并进行了回答，提出了自己的观点：马基雅维利的观点并非独创，他只是将自己的印象记录下来，敢于将大家都知道的东西写下来而已。接着引用培根的话ItwasLordBaconwhosaidthatMachiavellitellsuswhatprincesdo,notwhattheyoughttodo.（马基雅维利告诉我们君主所做的事，而不是他们应该做的事。），说明马基雅维利只是告诉人们君主所做的事情，而非君主应当如何去做。这和作者的观点是一致的，作者引用的目的是为了支持自己的观点。因此A选项“是对作者观点的支持”正确。B选项“对他的主流观点之一”，C选项“支持大多数批评者的判断”，D选项“对作者上文的开头进行了修改”均不符合作者的行文逻辑，所以B，C，D错误。

38.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】观点态度题。在第一段中作者举了凯撒•博鲁吉亚的例子，说明hedoesnotpraisehimasaheroatall,butmerelyasaprincewhowascapableofattainingtheendinview.（他完全没有把他赞美成英雄，而是仅仅说他作为一个君主，能够达到自己想要的目的。），“英雄”是主观看法，“君主”是客观事实，说明作者认为马基雅维利是客观记述而不是主观判断。所以A选项“马基雅维利的观点是客观的”正确。B选项“马基雅维利揭示了自己的个性”，C选项“凯撒•博鲁吉亚是当之无愧的楷模”，D选项“马基雅维利高估了凯撒•博鲁吉亚的价值”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

39.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段倒数第四句Whatisgoodpoliticsmaybebadmorals,andinfact,byastrangefatality,wheremoralsandpoliticsclash,thelattergenerallygetstheupperhand.（政治上的好事从道德方面看可能是坏事，事实上很奇怪的是，当道德和政治发生冲突时，往往后者会占据上风。），说明政治家往往会认为政治比道德更重要。因此C选项“道德通常是次要的”正确。A选项“与他的政治野心不相称”，B选项“被马基雅维利及其同类人低估了价值”，D选项“应作为衡量他是否有能力的标准”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

40.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Itisthestraightforward,logicalnarrative,whichalwaysholdstheinterestofthereader,thatisthegreatestcharmoftheHistory.（它直接的、有逻辑的叙述常常能引起读者的兴趣，这就是他这本书的魅力所在。），说明作者认为这本书的魅力之处在于它的叙述风格。因此B选项“魅力在于风格而不在于内容”正确。A选项“历史与记录历史的人有很大的关系”，C选项“大多数人没有读懂马基雅维利在其中的意图”，D选项“任何这类历史都应该这样写”在文中均没有提及，所以A，C，D错误。

3.问答题

Therearearound200,000youngpeoplebetweentheagesof11and15smokeintheUK.Itis

A

estimatedthataround20%ofthembuytheircigarettesfromvendingmachines;itavoidsthe

B

C

problemsofface-to-facecontactandtheneedforproofofage.Therewillbeareviewof

vendingmachineswiththepossibilityofpeoplehavingtobuytokenstousethemachines.

D

【答案】试题答案：A;smoking

【解析】考查非谓语动词。Therebe句型中已包含谓语动词are，故此处用动词的现在分词形式，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。

4.翻译题

中国政府承诺将通过引进区域气候改善项目，关闭小煤窑和发电厂以及继续对商业排放进行实验的举措，来进一步实现绿色环保的目标。在中央及各地方政府的努力下，2008年中国在节能减排方面取得一定成效。2月份国家统计局的年度报告显示，2008年中国的能耗下降了4.59%，略高于统计局之前降幅约4.21%的估计。但是数据显示两大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比，分别下降了7%和5%。根据十一五计划，到2010年，工业用水的需求量将比2005年下降20%，而森林覆盖率将占到全国面积的20%，比2005年上涨18.2%。

【答案】【参考译文】TheChinesegovernmentpromisestofurtherachievethegoalofgreenandenvironmentalprotectionthroughintroducingprojectsforimprovingregionalclimate,shuttingdownsmallcoalminesandpowerplantsandalsocontinuingtoexperimentwithcommercialemissions.Undertheeffortsofthecentralandlocalgovernments,Chinahasmadecertainachievementsintheaspectofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionin2008.TheannualreportmadebytheNationalBureauofStatisticsinFebruaryshowedthatChina’senergyconsumptiondroppedby4.59%in2008,slightlyhigherthanthedeclineofabout4.21%previouslyestimatedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics.ButthedataindicatedthattheemissionamountofthetwomajorpollutantsSO2andCODfellby7%and5%respectivelycomparedwiththosein2005.Accordingtothe11thfive-yearplan,by2010,thedemandforindustrialwaterwillbe20%lowerthanthatin2005,buttherateofforestcoveragewillaccountfor20%ofthenationalterritoryarea,rising18.2%thanthatin2005.

5.单选题

Andthetopic“fat”isforbidden.Eventheslightestpaunchbetraysthatoneislosingthetrimand（

）ofyouth.

问题1选项

A.vague

B.vigor

C.vogue

D.vulgar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形似词辨析。vague“模糊的；含糊的”，形容词；vigor“活力；精力”，名词；vogue“时尚；流行”，名词；vulgar“粗俗的；通俗的”，形容词。句意：“肥胖”的话题被禁止了。即使是稍微隆起的小肚子都暴露出他正失去青春活力。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Youshouldhaveyoureyesexamined（

）tobesureofyoureyesight.

问题1选项

A.periodically

B.persistently

C.continuously

D.continually

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。periodically“定期地；周期性地；偶尔”；persistently“坚持地；固执地”；continuously“连续不断地”；continually“不断地；频繁地”。句意：为了确保你的视力，你应该定期检查眼睛。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Shewasuninterestedinadvertising.

B.Shefoundheroutfitinappropriate.

C.Shewasunhappywithfashiontrends.

D.Sheoftencheckedherselfinamirror.

问题2选项

A.Tosavethetroubleofchoosingauniqueoutfiteveryday.

B.Tomeettheexpectationsoffashion-consciousclients.

C.Tokeepupwiththecurrenttrends.

D.Tosavetheexpensesonclothing.

问题3选项

A.Itenhancespeople’sabilitytoworkindependently.

B.Ithelpspeoplesucceedinwhatevertheyaredoing.

C.Itmattersalotinjobsinvolvinginteractionwithothers.

D.Itboostsone’sconfidencewhenlookingforemployment.

问题4选项

A.Designtheirownuniformtoappearunique.

B.Wearclassicpiecestoimpresstheirclients.

C.Fighttheever-changingtrendsinfashion.

D.Dowhateverispossibletolooksmart.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】PassageTwo

IworkinadvertisingandIliketokeepupwithcurrenttrends,mainlybecauseI’mawarethatweliveinanimage-obsessedworld.[12]However,whenIfirststartedmyjob,occasionallyI’dcatchaglimpseofmyselfintheliftsandfindmyselfthinkingthatIlookedatotalmess.WasIbeingheldbackbymychoiceofclothing?Theshortanswerisyes,especiallywhenclientsarequicktojudgeyouonyourstyleratherthanyourwork.[13]Butnoonecanbeuniquewiththeiroutfiteveryday.Imeanthat’swhyuniformswereinvented.Sohere’swhatIdid.Icreatedmyownuniform.Todothis,Ichoseanappropriateoutfit.ThenIboughtmultipleitemsofthesamestyleindifferentshades.NowIneverworryaboutwhatI’mwearinginthemorning,evenifIdogetabittiredofjustwearingthesameclassicpieces.Overall,whenitcomestowork,youhavetoaskyourself:willlookingsmarterenhancemyabilitytodomyjob?Forsome,thisquestionmaynotbeanissueatall,especiallyifyouworkremotelyandrarelyseeyourcolleaguesorclientsfacetoface.[14]Butifyourjobinvolvesinteractingwithotherpeople,theanswertothisisoftenyes.Soratherthanfightingthesystem,[15]Ithinkweshouldjustdowhateverhelpsustoachieveourgoalsatwork.Ifthatmeansplayingitsafewithyourimage,thenlet’sfaceit.It’sprobablyworthit.

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakerwhenshefirststartedherjob?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问说话者刚开始工作的时候，我们可以了解到什么？录音开头提到，当说话者刚开始工作的时候，偶尔会在电梯里瞥一眼自己，发现自己看起来一团糟（Ilookedatotalmess）。后面指出，之所以一团糟是因为服装的原因，因此B选项“她发现她的服装很不合适”正确。A选项“对广告不感兴趣”利用录音开头的“advertising”设置干扰，录音说的是说话人从事的是广告业，并未提及她对广告业不感兴趣，因此排除；C选项“她对时尚潮流不满意”，录音开头说的是，说话者喜欢跟随当下的潮流，因此C选项不正确；D选项“她经常照镜子检查自己”在录音中并未提及，因此也可排除。

13.Whywereuniformsinvented,accordingtothespeaker?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问说话者谈及的制服被发明的原因。录音中提到，没有人可以每天穿着独一无二的衣服，这就是制服被发明的原因。A选项“为了省去每天选不同衣服的烦恼”与原文意思表述相符，因此正确。B选项“满足有时尚意识的客户的期望”和D选项“节省服装开支”在录音中均未提及，因此排除；C选项“跟上当前的潮流”，利用录音开头的keepupwithcurrenttrends设置干扰，但这并不是发明制服的原因，因此不正确。

14.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutlookingsmarter?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是说话者关于“看起来更时尚”的看法。在录音后半部分，说话者提出一个问题，即看起来更时尚是否会提升我们的工作能力，接下来随即对此进行了回答，如果你的工作需要与其他人进行面对面交谈，则答案是肯定的，C选项“这在需要与他人接洽的工作中很重要”与原文意思表述一致，因此正确。A选项“这能提高人们独立工作的能力”和D选项“这能增强求职者的信心”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。B选项“这帮助人们在他们所做的任何事情上取得成功”说法过于绝对，不符合题意。

15.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodoinanimage-obsessedworld?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问在这个看重外貌形象的世界里，说话者建议人们怎么做？录音结尾提到，说话者认为人们应该竭尽所能去做能实现工作目标的事情，包括谨慎塑造自己的形象，这都是值得的。D选项“做任何能（使我们的形象）看起来时尚的事情”与原文意思符合，因此正确。A选项“设计他们自己的制服，使其看起来独一无二”；B选项“穿经典的衣服给客户留下深刻印象”和C选项“对抗不断变化的时尚潮流”均不正确，在原文找不到相关依据，因此排除。

8.单选题

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

问题1选项

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hasto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府有必要吸引更多投资到造船业。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。Itisimperative（essential/necessary/desirable/important/vital..等）+that引导的主语从句中谓语动词应该用虚拟语气:动词原形或should+动词原形。故选C。

9.单选题

Youmayfeelexhaustedunderstressfulbrainwork,heavyphysicallabororpanicanddisconsolatemoods.

问题1选项

A.pitiful

B.cordial

C.dismal

D.rough

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pitiful令人同情的；可怜的B.cordial热情友好的；和蔼可亲的

C.dismal忧郁的；凄凉的D.rough粗糙的；不平滑的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据所修饰的名词mood可知，disconsolate是和情绪相关的形容词，根据前文的feelexhausted（感到筋疲力尽）可推断，disconsolate的词义和负面情绪相关，只有C项词义与人本身的负面情绪相关，故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】在紧张的脑力劳动、繁重的体力劳动或恐慌、忧郁的情绪下，你可能会感到精疲力竭。

10.问答题

GNPbecomesanobsoletemeasureofprogressinasocietystrivingtomeetpeople’sneedsasefficientlyaspossibleandwiththeleastdamagetotheenvironment.Whatcountsisnotgrowthinoutput,butthequalityofservicesrendered.(1)Bicyclesandlightrail,forinstance,arelessresources-intensiveformsoftransportationasautomobilesare，andcontributelesstoGNR.(2)Butshifttomasstransitandcyclingformostpassengertripswouldenhanceurbanlifebyeliminatingtrafficjams，reducingsmog，andmakecitiessaferforpedestrians.(3)GNPwouldgoup，butoverallwell-beingwouldincrease—underscoringtheneedfornewindicatorsofprogress.

Likewise,investinginwater-efficientappliancesandirrigationsystemsinsteadofbuildingmoredamsanddiversioncanalswouldmeetwaterneedswithlessharmtotheenvironment.(4)Sincemassivewaterprojectsconsumeresourcesthanefficiencyinvestmentsdo,GNPwouldtendtodecline.Butqualityoflifewouldimprove.(5)ItbecomesclearlythatstrivingtoboostGNPisofteninappropriateandcounterproductive.AsecologistandphilosopherGarrettHardinputsit.(6)“ForastatesmantotrytomaximizetheGNPisaboutassensibleasforacomposerofmusictotrytomaximizethenumberofnoteinasymphony.’’

Abandoninggrowthasanoverridinggoaldoesnotmeanforsakingthepoor.(7)Risingincomesandmaterialconsumptionareessentialtoimprovingwell-beinginmanyoftheThirdWorld.(8)Butcontrarytothatpoliticalleadersimply,globaleconomicgrowthascurrentlypursuedisnotthesolutiontopoverty.Despitethefivefoldriseinworldeconomicoutputsince1950,1.2billionpeople—morethanever—liveinabsolutepovertytoday.Moregrowthofthesortengineeredinrecentdecadeswillnotsavethepoor,onlyanewsetofprioritiescan.

Formidablebarriersstandinthewayofshiftingfromgrowthtorealprogressasthecentralgoalofeconomicpolicy.(9)Visionthatgrowthconjuresupofanexpandingpieofrichesisapowerfulandconvenientpoliticaltoo!Becauseitallowsthetoughissuesofincomeinequalityandskewedwealthdistributiontobeavoid.(10)Peopleassumethatasfarasthereis—growth,thereishopethatthelivesofthepoorcanbebetteredwithoutsacrificesfromtherich.Thereality,however,isthatachievinganenvironmentallysustainableglobaleconomyisnotpossiblewithouttherichlimitingtheirconsumptioninordertoleaveroomforthepoortoincreasetheirs.

【答案】1.考查比较级。此句表示自行车和轻轨，与汽车相比，对国民总收入的贡献也较小，因此用比较级than，less...than意为“比……少”。

试题答案：as改成than

2.考查语法一致原则。此处是由and连接的并列结构，其动词形式应与前面的“eliminatingtrafficjams，reducingsmog”保持一致。

试题答案：make改成making

3.考查上下文语义。由句中的连词but可知此处表示转折关系，因此国民生产总值会上升，但整体福利会下降。

试题答案：increase改成decrease

4.考查比较级。由句中的than以及句意（由于大面积水域工程消耗的资源比有效投资消耗的资源多）可知consume后面需要加“more”，修饰resources。

试题答案：在consume后面加“more”

5.考查系动词。句中的become属于状态变化类系动词，后面接形容词接表语。

试题答案：clearly改成clear

6.考查名词复数。thenumberof后面接名词的复数形式。

试题答案：note改成notes

7.考查不定式。由句中的不定式to可知后面接动词原形。

试题答案：improving改成improve

8.考查关系代词。what在句中充当介词to的宾语，也充当imply的宾语。

试题答案：that改成what

9.考查固定搭配。conjureupsth.outof意为“使某物突然或意外出现”。

试题答案：在up后而加“out”

10.考查固定搭配。aslongas意为“只要”。

试题答案：far改成long

11.单选题

The（

）thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

问题1选项

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendment

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。contribution“贡献”；occupation“职业；占有”；expostulation“劝告”；amendment“修正；改善”。句意：她建议讨论的修正案要基于最近的医学研究。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,composedofcivilandcriminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsofappeal,andastateSupremeCourt.Thefederalcourtsystem,consistsofseriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)servingrelativelysmallgeographicregions(thereisatleastoneforeverystate),atierofcircuitcourtsofappealthathearappealsfrommanydistrictcourtsinaparticulargeographicregion,andtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.Thetwocourtsystemsaretosomeextentoverlapping,inthatcertainkindsofdisputesmaybeinitiatedineithersystem.Theyarealsotosomeextenthierarchical(等级制度的),forthefederalsystemstandsabovethestatesysteminthatlitigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.

Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.Mostcasesgonofurtherthanthetrialcourt;forexample,thecriminaldefendantisconvictedbyatrialandsentencedbythecourtandthecaseend;thepersonalinjurysuitresultsinajudgmentbyatrialcourt(oranout-of-courtsettlementbythepartieswhilethecourtsuitispending)andthepartiesleavethecourtsystem.Butsometimesthelosingpartyatthetrialcourtcaresenoughaboutthecausethatthematterdoesnotendthere.Inthesecases,the“loser”atthetrialcourtmayappealtothenexthighercourt.

21.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

22.Accordingtothepassage,districtcourtsarealsoknownas________.

23.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,“engagedin”means________.

24.Thepassageindicatedthatlitigantswholosetheircasesinthestatetrialcourtmaytakethemtoa________.

25.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattypicalcourtcasesare________.

问题1选项

A.Civilandcriminaltrialcourts.

B.Typicalcourtcases.

C.ThecourtsystemintheUnitedStates.

D.Theappealcourtprocess.

问题2选项

A.circuitcourts

B.intermediatecourts

C.supremecourts

D.trialcourts

问题3选项

A.committedto

B.attentiveto

C.involvedin

D.absorbedin

问题4选项

A.differentcourtinthesamestate

B.Federaltrialcourt

C.StateSupremeCourt

D.Courtinanotherstate

问题5选项

A.alwaysappealed

B.usuallyresolvedinthedistrictcourts

C.alwaysoverlapping

D.usuallysettledbytheSupremeCourt

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】21.事实细节题。根据第一段第一句TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.（美国法院制度作为联邦政府制度的一部分，其特点是双重司法制度；州法院和联邦法院同时存在。），后文以此展开，所以C选项“美国的法院系统”正确，A选项“民事和刑事审判法庭”，B选项“典型的法庭案例”和D选项“上诉法院程序”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

22.事实细节题。根据第一段第三句seriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)（一系列的初审法院，也就是地方法院），可知D选项“初审法院”正确。A选项“巡回法院”，B选项“中级法院”和C选项“最高法院”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

23.语义推测题。engagedin的意思是“从事，参加，参与”。根据第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.（在州最高法院败诉的当事人（参与诉讼的人）可以向美国最高法院上诉。），当事人参与诉讼，所以C选项“牵涉进，参与”正确。A选项“决心从事……；致力于”，B选项“留意”和D选项“全神贯注于”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

24.义推测题。根据第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.（在州最高法院败诉的当事人（参与诉讼的人）可以向美国最高法院上诉。），可知C选项“国家最高法院”正确。A选项“同一个州的不同法院”，B选项“联邦初审法院”和D选项“另一个州的法院”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

25.事实细节题。根据第二段第一句Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.（因此，典型的法院案件始于州或联邦体系的初审法院——具有一般管辖权的法院。），可知B选项“通常在地区法院解决”正确，D选项“通常由最高法院解决”错误。A选项“常常提起上诉”和C选项“总是重叠”没有提到。因此B选项正确。

13.单选题

Ifithadn’tbeenforthedoctor'scare,I（）speakingtoyounow.

问题1选项

A.wouldnotbe

B.wouldnothavebeen

C.willnotbe

D.willnothavebeen

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。从句用过去完成时,主句要用wouldhavedone的形式。这里都是表否定意义,所以选项B正确。句意：如何没有医生的悉心照料,我现在不会站在这儿和你说话。

14.单选题

Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.outofthequestion

B.withinquestion

C.withoutquestion

D.outofquestion

【答案】A

【解析】介词短语辨析题。A选项outofthequestion“不可能的”B选项;withinquestion“在….的问题”；C选项withoutquestion“毫无疑问，确凿无疑”，用作副词；D选项outofquestion“毫无疑问”，用作副词。根据句意‘在两个党派之间如此的对抗之后，任何和解都将是不可能的。’只有A选项可以用作形容词作be的表语，正确。

15.单选题

13.

问题1选项

A.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandmeasles.

B.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandmeasles.

C.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandGermanmeasles.

D.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandGermanmeasles.

【答案】B

【解析】M:I’dliketoaskyouaboutyourpastmedicalhistory.Canyoutellmeifyouhadanychildhooddiseases?

W:WhenIwassmall,Ihadmeasles(麻疹),chickenpox(水痘)andwhoopingcough(百日咳).ButIdon’tthinkIeverhadGermanmeasles(风疹).

Q:Whatdiseasesdidthewomanhavewhenshewassmall?

【解析】细节题。女士小时候得过麻疹、水痘和百日咳。但没得过风疹。

16.单选题

Apainstakingprocessofreinventingledtonewcorecoursesdesignedtohelpstudentsdevelopglobalawarenessandstrengthentheiranalyticalandreasoningabilities,criticalreadingskills,andwriting（）.

问题1选项

A.profession

B.performance

C.proficiency

D.progress

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。profession“职业，专业”；performance“性能，绩效”；proficiency“精通，熟练”；progress“进步，发展”。句意：一个艰苦的改造过程带来了新的核心课程，旨在帮助学生发展全球意识，提升他们的分析和推理能力，提高批判性阅读和写作的熟练程度。选项C符合题意。

17.翻译题

美国人崇尚公平，即平等待人，不偏不倚。他们相信机会均等，法律面前人人平等，也就是说，不管社会地位和经济状况如何，人人都能得到公正。然而，尽管多数美国人声称，他们信奉宽大为怀以及民主的理想，妇女和少数民族的维权行动仍然面临巨大的障碍，虽然在过去的五十年里取得了一些进步。

【答案】答：

TheAmericansadmirefair,thatis,equalityandimpartiality.Theybelievedinequalopportunityandequalitybeforethelaw.Thatmeans,regardlessofsocialstatusoreconomicconditions,everyoneshallbefairlytreated.YetdespitetheidealsofleniencyanddemocracythatmostAmericansprofesstoembrace,thewomenandminoritiesstillfacehugeobstaclesintheiractivitiesforprotectingtheirrights.Butsomeprogresshasbeenmadeinthepast50years.

18.单选题

Thoughbadlydamagedbyfire,theplacewaseventually（

）toitsoriginalsplendor.

问题1选项

A.repaired

B.renewed

C.restored

D.renovated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repaired“修理”；B选项renewed“恢复，重新开始”；C选项restored“修复”；D选项renovated“更新，革新”。句意：尽管被火损害的很严重，这个地方最终（）原来的壮丽。根据句意，这里的动词宾语是修饰itsoriginalsplendor“昔日光彩”不是theplace，所以A、D选项不能选；B选项只有及物动词的含义后面不需要通过介词带出宾语，所以答案选C选项。

19.单选题

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（

）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

问题1选项

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:记者和摄像师们都因为这个演员在采访中的无礼行为而感到被冒犯。

名词辨析。恼怒,生气;offence冒犯;常用于短语takeoffenceatsth.表示“因为某事而感到被伤害、被冒犯”；resentment怨恨;irritation愤怒。因此根据句意及搭配推断B项正确。

20.单选题

Tryingto（）thebestcourseofactioninthefaceofthedecliningmarket,heconsultedCharlesBillwhohadworkedforaleadingfirminChicagoasmarketingconsultantformanyyears.

问题1选项

A.reasonout

B.markout

C.spellout

D.sendout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。reasonout“推理出，推论出”；markout“规划；制定”；spellout“讲清楚”；sendout“发送，派遣”。根据后面heconsultedCharlesBill“他咨询了查尔斯•比尔”可知他是“为了制定最好的行动方案来面对衰退的市场”，因此选项B符合题意。

21.翻译题

1.OneofthefastestgrowingareasinInternetapplicationsistheadoptionofInternettechnologiesforthedevelopmentofcorporatenetworks.ManypublicsectorsandcommercialorganizationsthroughouttheworldareacceleratingtheirpacesinbuildingcorporatenetworksbasedonInternettechnologies,allowingthemtorollouttheirprivate“Intranets”.TheseIntranetsareusedtosupportenterpriseapplicationsandcommunicationsbothinsideandoutsidethecorporatefirewall.

2.IntranetisthenewbuzzwordreferringtotheuseoffastgrowingandrelativelyinexpensiveInternettechnologiesforthedevelopmentofenterpriseinformationandcommunicationsystems.Itgenerallyinvolvestwokeytypesofsoftware:the“browser”whichallowsuserstoscanthenetworkforusefulinformationandthe“server”whichstoresandorganizestheinformation.MajorITvendorshaveannouncedorareplanningtoannounceproductsandserviceswhichwillhelptheircustomersinrealizingthecompetitiveadvantagesmadepossiblebythesenewtechnologies.Forexample,OracleandSybasehaveunveiledtheirplanstointroducebrowsersthatincludeapplicationdevelopmenttoolsbasedonJava,aprogramminglanguagelicensedfromSunMicrosystemsInc.Thesenewtoolsetswillallowdeveloperstowritenetwork-connection-ready,web-enabledapplicationsthatlinktocorporatedatabases.

ThecreationofprivateintranetsprovidesopportunitiesforcompaniestousetheWebasacomplementoranalternativefortraditionalinternalnetworking,applicationdevelopmenttoolsandgroupwareproducts.3.Forexample,MorganStanleyandTurnerBroadcastinghavesuccessfullyimplementedtheirownIntranetswhichallowtheiremployeestoshareinformation,collaborateonprojects,andtocreateveryeffectiveworkgroupsspreadingacrosslargegeographicalregions.

WithimprovedsecuritydesignontheIntranetwhichcanbebridgedintotheInternet,manycompaniesaredevelopingnewbusinessapplicationswhichwerenottechnicallyfeasiblenoreconomicallyviableinthepast.Forexample,shippingcompaniesandcouriercompaniescanbuildcargoandparceltrackingsystemswhichallowtheirinternationalcustomers,anywhereintheworld,tologontotheirlocalInternetnetworkstoaccesssecureddatabasestoretrievethelatestinformationabouttheirshipments.

OneofthemostoftenquotedcriticismsofInternetwhenbeingconsideredforseriousbusinessapplicationsisitssecurityrisk,oritsperceivedinadequacyofsecurityfeatures.ManyfeelthattheInternetisdistributedand“uncontrolled”.Byitsveryownnature,thereisnosingleorganizationowningtheInternet,runningitorcanbeheldresponsibleforitintheconventionalsense.Intrusionmaycomefromanywhereintheworld.Tofurthercomplicatethematter,legislationandlawenforcementconcerningelectroniccrimesvarygreatlyfromonecountrytoanother.ThispresentsgreatchallengesintheprosecutionofcrimescommittedusingtheInternet.

Whilesomeofthesefeelingsandobservationsarecorrect,manyInternettechnologyprovidersthroughouttheworldareworkingveryaggressivelyinsolvingtheproblemscon