英语语法片段课件

go被动语态部分英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾语是谓语动词的对象。B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作的对象)。

(把主动语态改为被动语态也就是把主动句中的宾语改为被动句的主语，这是最关键的着眼点，同时谓语动词作相应的变化。)被动语态的谓语构成:助动词be＋动词过去分词什么时候要用被动语态呢？在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态把下列主动句改为被动句①Lilywritesmanyletterseveryday.(主动)

②Theyvisitedthisfarmlastyear.（主动）

③Wehavelearned3000Englishwordssofar.（主动）

→ManylettersarewrittenbyLilyeveryday.→Thisfarmwasvisitedbythemlastyear.→3000Englishwordshavebeenlearnedbyussofar.FillintheblankswiththePassiveVoice.

1、Tea_______(grow)inFujian.

2、Chinese__________(speak)inChina.

3、Thebed__________(use)forsleeping.

4、Ourclassroom_________(clean)everyday.

5、Thecars__________(make)inBeijing.isgrownis

spokenis

usedis

cleanedare

made翻译下列句子电视机关掉了。

TheTVsetwasturnedoff.2.那小偷被抓住了。

Thethiefwascaught.3.所有的窗户都被打破了。

Allthewindowswerebroken.归纳总结方法

把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、、”来进行。即：①变－－－把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。②套－－－根据原句的时态套用相应时态。③注意－－注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例：①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一变二套三注意把下列主动句改为被动句1.Theboycleanedthedeskamomentago.Thedeskwascleanedbytheboyamomentago.2.Wewillplant2000treesnextyear.2000treeswillbeplantedbyusnextyear.3.Youmustkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.Theroommustbekeptcleanandtidybyyou.4.Thepolicehavecaughtthethief.Thethiefhasbeencaughtbythepolice.5.Thefarmersarecuttingdownthetreesonthehill.Thetreesonthehillarebeingcutdownbythefarmers.使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表主动语态被动语态使役动词makesbdosthsbbemadetodosthhavesbdosthsbbehadtodosthletsbdosthsbbelettodosth感观动词seesbdosthsbbeseentodosthwatchsbdosthsbbewatchedtodosthhearsbdosthsbbeheardtodosthnoticesbdosthsbbenoticedtodosthgoC.“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语。如：

takecareof、payattentionto、makeuseof等动词短语是不可分割的整体，在变被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的副词或介词。请看下面的例子：①Theysetupthefactoryin2000.Thefactorywassetupin2000.②OurschoolwillputofftheSchoolSportsmeetinguntilDecember.TheSchoolSportsmeetingwillbeputoffuntilDecember.③Peoplehavetalkedabouttheaccident.Theaccidenthasbeen

talkedabout.④Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourstudythisyear.Yourstudyshouldbepaidmoreattentiontothisyear.带有介词或副词的动词短语，在改为被动语态时，不能把介词或副词拆开。③带有双宾语的被动结构在句中的使用。有些动词可以带两个宾语，即指人的间宾和指物的直宾。可以将其中一个宾语提到前面做主语，另一个留在后面。①Herparentsboughtheranewcomputeryesterday.Shewasboughtanewcomputeryesterday.Anewcomputerwasbought

forheryesterday.②Theyhavegivenmesomegoodadvice.Ihavebeengivensomegoodadvice.Somegoodadvicehasbeengiven

tome.③ShewillwritealonglettertoDavidSmith.AlongletterwillbewrittentoDavidSmith.DavidSmithwillbewrittenalongletter.

buysthforsbgivesthtosb带双宾语的动词主要有以下几个：give,buy,sell,take,bring,make,hand,pass,keep,send等带双宾语的动词，改为被动语态，当用直接宾语作主语时，要根据动词的习惯配搭、要在间接宾语前补上介词to或for.它们的句型主要有以下几个：①givesthtosb=givesbsth ②buysthforsb=buysbsth③sellsthtosb=sellsbsth ④takesthtosb=takesbsth⑤bringsthtosb=bringsbsth ⑥makesthforsb=makesbsth⑦handsthtosb=handsbsth ⑧passsthtosb=passsbsth⑨keepsthforsb=keepsbsth ⑩sendsthtosb=sendsbsth例：①Hepassedmesomepaper.(主动)Somepaperwaspassedtomebyhim.（被动）②Youmustkeepsomefruitforhim.(主动)Somefruitmustbekeptforhim.（被动）三、一些特殊的被动结构（1）某些系动词，如feel.smell.taste.sound等加上形容词，可用主动语态表被动意义。e.g.:Thefoodtastesdelicious.Themusicsoundsveryfamiliartome.（2）动词need.require.want.beworth.deserve后加v.-ing的主动结构常表示被动含义e.g.:Mywatchcan’twork,itneedsrepairing.Thisfilmisreallyworthseeing.Homework把下列句子改为被动语态：1.The