陕西省西安市长安区2023届高三上学期第二次质量检测（期中）英语试题+答案

长安一中2020级高三第二次教学质量检测英语本试卷分第l卷（选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题）两部分，共150分。第=1\*ROMANI卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节：（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B。1.Whatkindoffilmdoesthemanlike?A.Acomedy B.Adetectivefilm C.Adramafilm2.Whatisthewoman’sredjacketbestfor?A.Thewindydays B.Thewarmdays C.Therainydays3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Auniqueplant. B.Aforest C.Apieceoffurniture4.Whatdidthemanbuywiththegiftcard?A.Make-up B.Clothes C.Jewelry5.Whendidthemangetup?A.At6:45 B.At7:45 C.At8:30 第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatlanguagedoesthemanspeak?A.Irish B.Italian C.Scottish7.WhatdidthemandoinGermany?A.Hetestedcars B.Hedesignedcars C.Hebuiltcarfactories听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Timemanagement B.Agreatconcert C.Buyingtickets9.WhatprobablyhappenedthefirsttimeTinawaslatetomeetPatrick?A.Shegotlost B.Hercarbrokedown C.Shecouldn’tdecidewhattowear10.WhatdoesPatrickagreetodo?A.PayforparkingB.LendTinahisphoneC.DriveTina’scartotheconcert听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howmanykindsofpepperdoesthemanmake?A.Two B.Three C.Four12.Whatdoesthewomanprobablythinkofmakingpepperofdifferenttastes?A.It’seasy B.It’samazing C.It’stime-consuming13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atamarket B.Intheman’skitchen C.Inarestaurant听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Volunteerandsurvivor B.Policemanandwitness C.Reporterandvillager15.Whatjusthappened?A.Aflood B.Acarcrash C.Anearthquake16.Wherewasthewomanrescuedfrom?A.Ariver B.Herhouse C.Thetopofabuilding17.Whatadvicedoesthewomangiveintheend?A.Toleavetheirhouses B.Todonatemoney C.Tostayindoors听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Accordingtothespeaker,whydomanytravelersavoidAustralia?A.TheyfinditisboringthereB.Theythinkit’sdangerousthereC.Theydon’tliketheclimatethere19.WhatistheweatherprobablylikeinthemiddleofAustralia?A.Mildandcool B.Coldandwindy C.Dryandhot20.WhatcanbesaidaboutAustralialifestyle?A.Itiscasual B.Itisveryformal C.Itisfast-paced第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIcehouseandiceticketAsearlyasPre-QinDynasty,peopleusednaturalicetokeepfoodfreshandmakecolddrinks.TheZhouroyalcourthadaspecializeddepartmentcalled“iceadministration”.TheycollectednaturaliceblockseachDecembertostoreintheicehouse.DuringtheQingDynasty,“icetickets”wereusedandtheywereavailableonlytoofficialsandtherich.IcecontainerThemostcommonlyusedcoolingtooliscalled“Jian”,whichisabigcontainerfilledwithice.ItwasmadeofclayinearlyChinesehistory,andwaslatermadeofcopper(铜).The“Jian”canbeseenasanancientrefrigerator,whichcanbeusedtomakecolddrinks.HidingfoodinthewellDuringtheQinandHandynasties,forcommonpeople,themostcommonwaytocooloffisbyusingtheirwells.Somefamiliesputapotinthewellasacoldcloset,orputfoodinabasketandloweredthebasketintothewellwitharope.HerbaldrinksDuringtheQingDynasty,takingChineseherbalmedicinewaspopularinBeijing.Inhotsummer,somepeoplepreferredtodrinkicewater,someboiledperillaleaves,andliquoriceassummersouptokeepofftheheat.Ancientpeoplealsolovedtomakelotusseedsoupinsummerforthebenefitofstrengtheningthebody.21.Whatdoes“Jian”havethesamefunctionas?A.Container. B.Refrigerator. C.Clay. D.Copper.22.Whichofthefollowingisunavailabletocommonpeople?A.Icetickets. B.Icecontainer. C.Hidingfoodinthewell. D.Herbaldrinks.23.What’sthecommonpurposeoftheabovefourways?A.Tostrengthenthebody. B.Tokeepfoodfresh.C.Toescapethesummerheat. D.Tomakecolddrinks.BMostheroesarenotsuper.Theydon’tappearincomicbooks,ontelevision,orinmovies.Theyjustdowhattheybelieveneedstobedonetomaketheirworldabetterplace.BikeBatmanisoneofthem.BikeBatmanisa30-year-oldmarriedengineerwholivesinSeattle,Washington.He’sacyclistwhoalsobuysandsellsbikesasahobby.Aboutthreeyearsago,hewaslookingforabikeforhiswife.HefoundoneonCraigslist,awebsitewherepeoplelistthingstheywanttosell.Asheoftendoes,healsolookedatBikeIndex,apopularwebsitethatallowsuserstoregistertheirbikesandpostreportswhenthey’retaken.Thebike,whichhewasconsideringpurchasing,clearlymatchedonereportedstolenonBikeIndex.Thenhecalledthepersonwhoclaimedtobethebike’sownerandarrangedtomeethim-supposedlytocompletethesale.Whenthetwomenmet,BikeBatmantoldthethief,“You’vegottwooptions.Youcanwaituntilapoliceofficergetshere,oryoucanjustgetoutofhere.”Youcanimaginewhatthethiefdid.Afterthatfirstsuccess,BikeBatmandevelopedasaferroutine.WhenheseesquestionablebikeadsonCraigslist,hecross-referencestheimagewithbikesreportedonBikeIndex.Oncehehasconfirmeditwiththeowner,hearrangesameet-upwiththethiefandwillcalltheSeattlepolicedepartmentsothatofficerscanparticipateintheaction.Inmorethanhalfofthe22casesinwhichhehasgotbackandreturnedbikes,thethieveshavebeenarrested.Inonecase,BikeBatmanevenhelpedafamilyrecoverawiderangeofprizedpossessionsthatsuspectshadstolenduringahomeburglary.Hisnicknamecamefromadiscussionwithapoliceofficerwhosuggestedhebecalled“RobinHood”.Sincehewasn’texactlystealingfromtherichandgivingtothepoor,“Batman”seemedabetterfit.Theideaofasuperheropunishingcriminalsfeelsprettysillytohim,butthemainreasonhecontinueshisworkistokeepupSeattle’sreputationasafriendlycity.24.WhatcanweknowaboutBikeBatman?A.BikeBatmanisawebsitemanager.B.BikeBatmanisaSeattlecitizen.C.BikeBatmanisapoliceofficer.D.BikeBatmanisasuperhero.25.WhenBikeBatmandiscoversaquestionablebike,hewillfirst_____________A.arrangetomeetthethiefB.callthepolicedepartmentC.lookupthebike’sinformationD.contacttheownerofthestolenbike26.WhydidBikeBatmanhelpedfindthelostbikesafterthatfirstsuccess?A.Hewantedtobecomefamous.B.Hehopedtohelppoorpeople.C.Hejustwantedtopunishbikethieves.D.Hewaseagertobuildafriendlycity.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.BikeBatmanbeganhisgooddeedsbyaccident.B.Thepolicefailedtoperformtheirduties.C.Thethievesrefusedtoreturnthebikes.D.BikeBatmanfeltrelievedtoseethethievesarrested.CAbatandaballcost$1.10intotal.Thebatcosts$1.00morethantheball.Howmuchdoestheballcost?Ifyouanswered10cents,you’renotalone—mostpeoplegivethesameanswer(thecorrectansweris5cents).It’sanexampleofhowweoftenrelyonintuitive(直觉的)responses—answerswefeelaretrue.Peoplegiveanswersthat“popintotheirmind”，saysStevenSloman.Wedon’tspendmuchtime“reflectingandcheckingwhethertheanswerisrightorwrong.”Thebatandballquestionhelpsexplainwhyweoftenbelieveinfake(假的)news.Itispartofhumannaturetobelieve,saysSloman.But“thetrickwithfakenewsistoknowtoverify”—inotherwords,tostopandquestionwhatyouknow.Inoneexperiment,Slomanandacolleagueinventedadiscoverycalledheliumrain.Theytoldagroupofvolunteersaboutit,butadmittedtheycouldnotfullyexplainwhatitwas.Theythenaskedthevolunteerstoratetheirownunderstandingofheliumrain.Mostvolunteersratedthemselves1outof7,meaningtheydidnotunderstandtheconcept.Theresearchersthentoldanothergroupofvolunteersaboutthediscovery.Thistime,theysaidthatscientistscouldfullyexplainhowitworks.Whenaskedtoratetheirunderstanding,thevolunteersgaveanaverageanswerof2.Thescientists’confidencegavethevolunteersanincreasedsenseoftheirownunderstanding,Slomansays.AccordingtoSloman,studiesshowthatknowledgespreadslikeacontagion(传染病).Thisideacanbeseeninmanyfields,includingpolitics.“Ifeveryonearoundyouissayingtheyunderstandwhyapoliticianisdishonest，”Slomansays,“thenyou’regoingtostartthinkingthatyouunderstand,too.”Anotherexplanationforthespreadoffakenewsis“motivatedreasoning，”writesAdamWyatz,anAmericanmanagementprofessor.“Wearenaturallymorelikelytobelievethingsthatconfirmourexistingopinions.”So,inaworldwheremisleadinginformationiscommon,trainingpeopletocareaboutfact­checkingisimportant,especiallyinonlinecommunities.“Weshouldcheckthingsandnotjusttakethematfacevalue，”Slomansays.“Verifybeforeyoubelieve.”28．What’sthepurposeofusingtheexampleofthebatandballquestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Todemonstratethatpeopletendtorushtoaconclusion.B．Toshowthattherearevariousanswerstoaquestion.C．Tostimulatepeople’sinterestinplayingguessinggames.D．Towarnthatpeoplearepooratcalculatingskillsintheirdailylife.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verify”meaninParagraph3?A．Tofollowyourintuitivesense.B．Toconfirmsomethingistrue.C．Toconsidersomethingseriously.D．Tospeakouttheunderstandingaboutsomething30．Inwhichsituationdomorevolunteersclaimtounderstandheliumrain?A．Whensomeexpertsexplainedittothem.B．Whentheybelievedthatscientistsunderstoodit.C．Whentheyhavemoreconfidenceinthemselves.D．WhenSlomanandhiscolleaguesshowedthemhowitworks.31．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof“motivatedreasoning”？A．Youthinkauniversityprofessordishonestwheneverybodyaroundyousayso.B．Youpostamessageonlinethatgivesyourpersonalopinionaboutanewsstory.C．Yousearchonlineformoreinformationaboutadoubtfulstoryonsocialmedia.D．Youbelieveadamagingstoryaboutsomeonewhoyoualwaysjudgenegatively.DScientistshavedevelopedanewtypeofsmartbandagethatcansignalthetypeofbacterialinfectionit’sprotecting,justlikeatrafficlight,aswellasreleasetherighttypeofdrugsondemand.Thetrafficlightsystemworksjustlikethis:Greenmeansnobacteriaoralowconcentrationofbacteria,yellowmeansdrug-sensitive(DS)bacteriaresponsivetostandardantibiotics(抗生素)andcausesantibioticrelease,andredmeansdrug-resistant(DR)bacteriathatneedextrahelptobewipedout.Intestingthebandageonmice,theresearchteamwasabletosuccessfullytreatbothDSandDRinfectionsusingthenewmethod.However,thecommonmethodsofsensingresistancearelimitedbytime,therequirementforprofessionalpersonnel,andexpensiveinstruments.Moreover,theabuseofantibioticscausestheacceleratedprocessofbacterialresistance.It’seasytoseehowasimplebandageandlightcouldovercomesomeoftheselimitations.Treatmentdoesn’thavetowaitforadoctortomakeadiagnosis,andthebandagecangettherightsortofdrugsappliedattheearliestopportunity.What’smore,thepersonwearingthebandagegetsreal-timefeedbackonwhat’shappeningwiththeinfection,ifthere’saninfectionatall.Theresearcherssayitoffersnumerousbenefitsoverexistingtreatmentsthatmakeuseoflight,includingphotodynamictherapyorPDT.We’vebeenseeingquiteafewupgradestothetraditionalbandageinrecentyears,thankstoadvancesinscience—likethenanofibermeshthatattractsbacteriaanddrawssomeofitout,speedingupthehealingprocess.Thenthere’sthenovelbandagefortreatingburns,whichstopsbacteriafrommultiplyingandlowerstheriskofinfection.Themoreworkthatabandagecandowhileit’sprotectingawound,thebetter.Effortstoimprovebandagescontinueandnowwe'vegotabandagethatnotonlyreleasesantibiotics,butalsotellsthepatientexactlywhat’sgoingontoo.32.Whatisthesmartbandagemainlydesignedtodo?A.Avoidtheuseofantibiotics. B.Clearoutharmfulbacteria.C.Detectbacterialinfections. D.Increasetreatmentoptions.33.Whatistheadvantageofthesmartbandage?A.Itsavesmuchtimeandcost. B.Itremovestheriskofinfection.C.Itpreventsthebacterialresistance.D.Itimprovesdoctor-patientrelationship.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Traditionalbandagesareoutofusenow.B.Moresmartbandageswillbedeveloped.C.Progressinsciencecallsformoreresearch.D.Peopleareurgedtostudymedicalscience.35.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Asuccessfultestonmice. B.Acolour-changingbandage.C.Sensingdrug-resistantbacteria. D.Preventingabuseofantibiotics第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)AccordingtoastudydonebyUniversityofMichiganresearchers,shoppingtorelievestresswasupto40timesmoreeffectiveatgivingpeopleasenseofcontrolandthatshopperswerethreetimeslesssadcomparedtothosethatonlybrowsedforitems.Infact,shoppingtoreducestresscanactuallyhelpyouliveahealthierlifebymakingsurethatyourbloodpressureislowered.___36___However,thesideeffectofretailtherapy,formany,canstartoutasarelativelyharmlessmoodboosterbutcouldpossiblygrowintoacompulsionthatdrainsfinances,causesconflict,andtherebyaddingasignificantamountofstresstoaperson’slife.Sohowtoavoidtheeffect?__37___.Whetheryou’repurchasingChristmaspresentsorbuyinggroceries,havingtheitemsyouneedwrittendownwillprovideyouwithclarityandorderwhileyou’reshopping.Rewardyourselfforstickingtoyourlistandyou’llbemorelikelytocommittoit:buyacupofcoffeewhileshoppingorplanafunactivityforwhenyoureturnhome.___38___.Doyouspendtoomuchmoneyatthemall?Eatingout?Vacations?Makealistofwhereyourmoneyisgoingandtakenecessarystepstoavoidtemptations.Forexample,ifyouspendtoomuchmoneyondiningoutontheweekends,stockyourcupboardwithgroceriesonFridaysoyou’llbemorelikelytostayinandcook.Giveuptheneedtokeepupwithyourneighbors,co-workers,andfriends.___39___andit’sdependentuponavarietyoffactors,leastofallbeingone’sselfworth.Comparisonleadstodebtanddissatisfactionwithwhatyoualreadyhave.___40___.PreparealistpriortoshoppingShoppingtorelievestressisalsocalledretailtherapyasaformofregulatingstressAlso,itcanhelppeoplebecomemorepositiveThinkaboutwhatyoustrugglewithmostfinanciallyAppreciatewhatyoucurrentlyhavebypracticinggratitudeThesurveyfoundthat82percenthadonlypositivefeelingsabouttheirpurchasesEveryone’sfinancialsituationisdifferent第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2020,SallySmithstruggledforasuccessfullifebutwasuptoherneckinbills.Frustrated,she41onFacebook:Iwanttotraveltheworldwithmyson.Indeed,sheworkedlonghoursdailybutwork42herlittletimeforMarkwhowasstrugglingwithreadinginschoolandrefusedtotalkwithothers.Asshe43attheFacebookresponses,Sallymadea(an)44tohersonseriouslyshewouldbehislearning45andmeanwhileshedecidedtogetridofeverythingtostarttravelling.Withthefirstdestination46,shesoonsoldordonatedmostoftheirbelongings.Forthenexteightmonths,theytraveledthroughThailandandAfricawhileSallyearnedmoneyfromhernewbusinessthroughsocialmedia.Gradually,Markbecamea(n)47reader.“Whenyourchildhasfreedomandflexibility,hecan48insomanywaysonhisownterms,”saysSally.“Hiscompletechangeis49.”Sallywastiredof50bookingflights,carsandplacestostay.Theconceptoflivinginavan(房车)andexploringthecountry51her.Withinweeks,Sally52a1989Fordwithakitchenandbedsfor$5,900.Theysetoffforanother53inSouthernCalifornia.Shesharedthejourneyonsocialmediaand54alotoffans.PerhapsherbiggestfanisMark,55.“Mysonhascomeoutofhis56andnowhe’sopentotryingnewthings.”shesays.Thetwomightliveinahouseagainsomedaybutdon’tplanto57anytimesoon.Fornow,theyenjoytheir58life.“We’velearnedthatweshouldenjoyeverymomentand59acceptwhatlifebrings,”saysSally.“We’redefiningwhat60meanstoourfamily.”A.registered B.posted C.checked D.surfedA.supplied B.spent C.killed D.leftA.pointed B.glared C.stared D.aimedA.promise B.appointment C.plan D.apologyA.coach B.senior C.friendD.travelerA.visited B.chosen C.reached D.exploredA.beloved B.lovely C.poor D.eagerA.learn B.travel C.read D.tourA.inviting B.interesting C.amazing D.confusingA.eventually B.continually C.gradually D.deliberatelyA.belongedto B.sawto C.appealedto D.happenedtoA.found B.sold C.lost D.repairedA.adventure B.drive Cvehicle D.destinationA.lost B.gathered C.met D.missedA.yet B.though C.instead D.thereforeA.house B.room C.shell D.shelterA.hangabout B.giveup C.setout D.settledownA.Hard B.busy C.tough D.freeA.truly B.partly C.hardly D.blindlyA.failure B.schooling C.success D.business第=2\*ROMANII卷第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenitcomestonationalparks,peopleoftenlinkthemwiththosefamouslandmarks____61____(recommend)intourandenvironmentguides.However,nationalparksinCanadaappearontheprescriptions(处方)givenbyCanadiandoctors.AccordingtoCBC,amedicalprogramnamed“PaRx”____62____(launch)recentlybythegovernment.Undertheprogram,over1,000physicians,nursesandothermedical____63____(profession)inCanadacanprescribetheannualAdultParksCanadaDiscoveryPassfromtheCanadianparksauthority.____64____thepass,patientscangainfreeaccesstoover80nationalparks,nationalhistoricsitesandnationalmarineconservationareasaroundthecountry.Manyscientificstudieshaveshownthatpeople____65____(spend)atleasttwohoursaweekinnaturehave____66____(good)healththanbefore,____67____contributestoincreasinglifeexpectancy(预期寿命)andenergy,reducingpainandstress,aswellasimprovinghearthealth.“We’rehopingthatourPaRxprogramnotonly____68____(improve)patientshealth,butreducescoststothehealthcaresystem,andhelpstoraise____69____numberofpeoplewhoaremoreengagedin____70____(environment)activities,”saidPramaHuhild,whoisaleaderoftheBCParksFoundation’sHealthByNatureProgram.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I’masenior3student.Thecollegeentranceexamisonthewaysandpeoplearoundusaretryingtheirbesttohelpusindifferentways.Atschool,alltheteachersworkedveryhard,encouragingustobuildupourconfidenceandinspiringusimproveourstudy.Whereverwemeetwithdifficulties,theyarereadytocometoourhelp.Athome,ourparentstakegoodcareofusbutmakesurewearewellfedsothatwecanalwaysbefullyofenergy.I’mverygratefulfortheeffortsofourparentsandofteachers.I’mdeterminetotrymybesttopreparefortheexam.IamsurethatwithourencouragementandtimelyhelpI’llbeabletoachievemygoalandbeanusefulpersonofoursocietyinthenearfuture.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是高三学生李华，一名读书爱好者。学校英语读书社邀请你作一个主题为“BeALifelongReader”的演讲。请你写一份英文演讲稿，内容包括：1．阐述学生阅读的现状（阅读量少，阅读时间有限．．．．．．）；2．分享个人阅读的收获；3．激励学生终身阅读。注意：1．写作词数应为120左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。BeALifelongReaderHello,everyone!I'mLiHua,anenthusiasticreader.________________________________________________________________________