初中英语形容词及副词讲义

初中英语形容词精选及副词精选讲义初中英语形容词精选及副词精选讲义初中英语形容词精选及副词精选讲义讲义3：形容词一、形容词的定义：表示人或事物的属性,特点或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词,它的基本用法就是为名词供给更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和表达形容词两类.二、形容词的地点1、单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面，做定语。它们的前面经常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。比方:aredflower一朵红花thisinterestingstory这个风趣的故事sixblindmen六个盲人myownhouse我自己的房屋形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后边。比方：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.三、形容词和副词的等级变化大部分形容词和副词有三个级：原级（即原形）、比较级和最高等。1一般在词尾端加er变比较级，加est变最高等。strong—stronger-strongestsmall--smaller--smallesthard→harder→hardestfast→faster→fastest2假如以e结尾，只加r或st。nice--nicer--nicestfine--finer--finest以重读闭音节，尾端只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。sad--sadder--

saddest

big--bigger--biggesthot--hotter

--hottest以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。angry--angrier-angriestearly→earlier→earliesthungry-hungrier-hungriest5、可是，开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变为的副词加more或most.如quickly→morequickly→mostquicklyquietly→morequietly→mostquietlyslowly—moreslowly—mostslowly［注］：early中的ly不是后缀，故把y变i再加er和est6、大部分双音节和全部多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级，most变最高等different-moredifferent-mostdifferentbeautiful--morebeautiful--themostbeautifulexpensive--moreexpensive--themostexpensive可是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不合适上述状况，如unhappy,untidy，我们能够说：unhappier→unhappiest,形容词比较级和最高等的不规则变化原级比较级最高等good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder（新旧或年纪）/elderoldest/eldest（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）far（表示距离，译为farthest/furthestfarther“更远”）/further（表示程度，译为“进一步的”）四．形容词副词的用法1."the+形容词",表示一类人或事物,相当于名词,用作主语及宾语Theoldoftenthinkofoldthings.2"The+形容词比较级...,the+形容词比较级..."表示"越...就..."。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.3、"形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级",表示"愈来愈..."。It'sgettinghotterandhotter.主+(系)+as+形容原形+as+从句。表示二者比同样。Thisboxisasbigasmine.ScienceisasimportantasChinese.科学和文一重要。其否认式，句型“...notso(as)＋形容或副的原形＋as...”“前者不如后者”eg.Thisclassroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.教室没有那教室大。、比：两个或两部分人或事物行比用比。比由“A..形容(副)的比＋thanB”组成,表示“A比更为⋯”。eg:Heismoreathleticthanhistwinbrother.他比他的双胞胎弟弟更运。Thatmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus.那必定比坐公汽风趣的多。Marysingsbetterthanhersister.莉比她妹妹唱得好些。要点：alittle,abit,alot,much，even,far等后的形容或副用比。too,so,quite,how后只好用原形。6、形容词和副词最高等用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.五、讲堂练习一.单项填空1．---It’ssocoldtoday.---Yes,itA.morecold

’s

thanitwasyesterday.B.morecolder

C.muchcolder

D.cold2．LittleTomhasA.more

friends,soheoftenplaysalone.B.alittleC.many

D.few3．SheisnA.well

’tso

atmathsasyouare.B.goodC.better

D.best4．Peterwrites

ofthethree.A.better

B.best

C.good

D.well5．Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.stron

D.thestrongest6．TheboxisA.too;to

heavyforthegirlB.to;too

carry.C.so;that

D.no;to7．Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter

.It

’sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.long

B.high

C.thick

D.wide8．WuLinranA.so

fasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.B.muchC.veryD.too9、---Whichis________,thesun,themoonortheearth?---Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest二.选择填空。Thenewlibraryhas______________(many,more)booksthantheoldone.Sallyis______________(tall,taller)thanhercousin.Ourschoolismuch______________(large,larger)thanyours.Look,Janetisjumping______________(high,higher)thanMike.5．MrHarerunsmuch______________(fast,faster)thanMrTurtle.MrHareneedn’trun(fast,faster)now.Inthegym,Tommyisplayingtabletennis______________(well,better)thanJimmy.Thisbookisvery______________(interesting,moreinteresting),butthatoneis______________(interesting,moreinteresting)thanit.三.用所给单词的合适形式填空。1.Myschoolis______________,butTom’sschoolis______________thanmine.AndSally’sschoolisthe______________.(small)Rabbitscanrun____________