【英语】八年级英语上册阅读理解单元测试题(含答案)经典

【英语】八年级英语上册阅读理解单元测试题(含答案)经典一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）1．阅读理解Whenacomputerrunsagroupofprograms,itcangetveryCoolingthecomputercancostalot.Sosomescientist'swonderwhatwillhappeniftheheatfromthecomputercanbeused.LargeInternetcompanies（公司）suchasGoogleandMicrosofthavethousandsofcomputers.Asthesecomputersdealwithinformation,theyproducelotsofheat,sotheyneedhugecoolingsystems（系统）.Thesesystemssendtheheatintotheair.AcompanyinHolland（荷兰）thinkspayingtomakethecomputersworkandthenpayingagaintocoolthemareawasteofenergy.Sothecompanydevelopedaspecialdevice—thee-radiator.BoazLoupe,theheadofthecompany,saysthee-radiatorworksasaheatingsystemandsavesmoney.Heexplainsthattheenergyisusedtwice—oncetoheatthehomeandoncetocoolthecomputer.Sotheusersdon'thavetopaytocooltheircomputers.FivehomeownersinHollandaretestingtheheatingsystemintheirhomes."Wepayforthecomputerusing,so,inthatway,homeownersgetheatingforfree,"Boazsays.JanVisorisoneofthehomeowners."Ifyouusethecomputermorethee-radiatorproducesmoreheat,"hesays."Itcannotprovideenoughheatifyoudon'tuseyourcomputeroften."Butheisreadytotryit.It'sagreathelpforhisfamily.Thecompanysayse-radiatorscanproduceheatatatemperatureof55℃.ItsaysthesystemcansaveitsusersaboutS440ayear.（1）Beforethee-radiatorappears,usuallytheheatofacomputer_______.A.issentintotheairC.isusedtwiceB.helpsthefivehomeownersD.makesthecomputerworkbetter（2）Thee-radiatorismainlyused_______.A.todrivethecomputerB.tohelpMicrosoftC.toheatthecomputerD.toprovideheat（3）TheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"device"inthispassageisprobably"A.节能B.实验C.仪器".D.开关（4）Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe"_______".A.AnenvironmentproblemB.AnewwaytoheathomesC.ThecomputersinthefutureD.Theenergytobewasted【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了荷兰的一家公司发明了电子散热器，热量既可以加热房屋也可以冷却电脑。（1）细节题。根据Thesesystemssendtheheatintotheair.可知是热量送到了空中，故选A。（2）细节题。根据thee-radiatorworksasaheatingsystemandsavesmoney.可知电子散热器作为加热系统节约钱，故选D。（3）推断题。根据thee-radiatorworksasaheatingsystem，可知电子散热器是一种系统，即仪器，故选C。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了荷兰的一家公司发明了电子散热器，热量既可以加热房屋也可以冷却电脑。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2．阅读理解ThereisasayinginChinathatgoes,"Womenholduphalfthesky."Now,let'slookatsomefamouswomenwhohaveabiginfluenceinChina.China'sWomen'sVolleyballTeamProfession:SportswomenKeyword:PersistentAchievement:Aftera12-yearwait,China'sWomen'sVolleyballTeamwonthegoldmedalatthe2016SummerOlympics.Theteamarenow.regardedasnationalheroines,proudlycarryingtheflagofChina'sOlympicglory（荣耀）thatfirstflew30yearsago.DongQingProfession:TVhostessKeyword:IntelligentAchievement:Asawell-knownChinesetelevisionhostess,sheisthefaceoftwoculturalshowsChinesePoetryConference（会议）andReaders.Theshowsareredefining（重新定义）audiences'opinionsontraditionalcultureandseekingthebeautyoflife.DongMingzhuProfession:BusinesswomanKeyword:ThoughtfulAchievement:DongMingzhuhaschangedGREEfromasmallfactoryintotheworld'slargestmakerofairconditionersbasedonsales.Donghaswontheaward"Top10EconomicFiguresinChina".WuYishuProfession:Student‘Keyword:WiseAchievement:WuYishu,aseniorhighschoolstudentfromShanghai,isthechampionofChinesePoetryConference.Herrichknowledgeofclassicalpoetryimpressedeveryoneandshehasbecomefamousonline."（1）WhendidChina'sWomen'sVolleyballTeamwonthegoldmedalfirst?A.In1986.B.In1996.C.In2002.D.In2016.（2）DongQingisfamousfor/asA.atelevisionhostess.B.thebeautyofhergoodlifeC.herrichknowledgeD.theaward"Top10EconomicFigures"inChina（3）Whatdoyouthinktheunderlinedword"GREE"inthethirdformstandsfor?A.Anameofafamousperson.C.Anameofagreatfactory.B.Alargesupermarket.D.AgoodTVprogram.（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWuYishu?A.Persistent.B.IntelligentC.Thoughtful.D.Wise.（5）WhocanyouseeonthesameTVprogramaccordingtothepassage?A.ThewomenplayersandDongQing.C.ThewomenplayersandDongMingzhuB.DongMingzhuandDongQing.D.WuYishuandDongQing.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）D【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些著名的女士对中国产生的重大的影响。（1）细节题。根据第一个表格Aftera12-yearwait,China'sWomen'sVolleyballTeamwonthegoldmedalatthe2016SummerOlympics.Theteamarenow.regardedasnationalheroines,proudlycarryingtheflagofChina'sOlympicglory（荣耀）thatfirstflew30yearsago.经过12年的等待，中国女排赢得了2016年夏季奥运会的金牌。球队现在是。被誉为国家英雄，骄傲地高举着30年前第一次飘扬的中国奥林匹克光荣旗帜。可知30年前是2016-30=1986年，故选A。（2）细节题。根据第二个表格Profession:TVhostess可知董卿是一名电台主持人，故选A。（3）细节题。根据第三个表格DongMingzhuhaschangedGREEfromasmallfactoryintotheworld'slargestmakerofairconditionersbasedonsales.董明珠将格力从一家小工厂变成了全球最大的空调销售制造商。所以GREE是一个工厂的名字，故选C。（4）细节题。根据第四个表格Keyword:Wise可知是明智的，故选D。（5）细节题。根据第二个表格Asawell-knownChinesetelevisionhostess,sheisthefaceoftwoculturalshowsChinesePoetryConference（会议）andReaders.可知董卿主持中国诗词大会，第四个表格WuYishu,aseniorhighschoolstudentfromShanghai,isthechampionofChinesePoetryConference.来自上海的高中生吴亦舒是中国诗歌大会的冠军。可知吴亦舒出现在中国诗词大会上，所以董卿和吴亦舒出现在同一个电视节目上，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。InApril，2018，TeenWorldMagazineaskedstudentstotakeasurveyabouthowpetsplayapartintheirlivesOver6,400teenagerslookedthroughsurveyonourwebsiteand371studentstookpartinitandfullycompletedthesurvey.Herearesomeoftheresults.91％ofstudentshaveapetThetypesofpetsaredifferent.MyFamilyWasAgainstOwningaPetwasthe#1mason（34％）ofWhystudentsdidnotownananimalOthertopreasonsareallergies（过敏）andpetscosttoomuchmoney.89.5％ofstudentssupportanimalrights.67％ofteenslikedogsbetterthancats.66ofyoungpeoplereportthatapet'sdeathisthehardestthingaboutowningananimal，otherhardthingslikeday-to-care，thecostorotherreasons.Toseealltheresults，youcangotoourwebsitetodownloadthefullsurveyreport.（1）What'sthesurveyabout?A.Whatkindofpetsstudentshad.C.Howmuchpetscost.B.Howpetsplayapartinstudents'lives.D.Whystudentshadpets.（2）Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonwhystudentsdidnothaveapet?A.Petscosttoomuch.B.Petsownersfeltnotwell.C.Familymembersdidn'tagreetokeeppets.D.Petsneededday-to-daycare.（3）AccordingtothechartofQuestion5,whichwastheleastpopularpet?A.Snake.B.Cat.C.Horse.D.Dog.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了世界杂志询问学生宠物怎样在生活中起作用的调查结果。（1）细节题，根据InApril，2018，TeenWorldMagazineaskedstudentstotakeasurveyabouthowpetsplayapartintheirlives可知主要讲了世界杂志询问学生宠物怎样在生活中起作用的调查结果。故选B。（2）细节题。根据66ofyoungpeoplereportthatapet'sdeathisthehardestthingaboutowningananimal，otherhardthingslikeday-to-care，thecostorotherreasons.可知困难的事情是每天都要照顾或者花费大，而不是原因，故选D。（3）细节题。根据图表可知蛇是最不受欢迎的，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4．阅读理解"Mom,I'mbored,"saidJason."Thereisnothingtodo.""Youcancleanyourroom,"saidMom."That'snotfun."Itwasonlythesecondweekofsummervacation.Itwasstilltoocoldtogotothepool,andJasonwastiredofwatchingTV.His
friendswereawayonvacation,andevenhisdog,Riley,wasbeinglazy.Momwasgettingreadytogodowntowntothefoodkitchentohelpout.Shevolunteeredservinglunchtopeoplethatweren'tasluckyasJason."Whydon'tyoucomewithmetothefoodkitchenandhelpout?"Momasked."Idon'tknowanythingaboutworkingatafoodkitchen,"saidJason."Youjustwatchme,andthenyouwillseehowtoservethefood,"saidMom.Itwastimetogo,andJasonwasexcitedtotryworkinginthefoodkitchen.HewatchedhisMomputsometurkeyandmashedpotatoesonaplate.Shethenpassedtheplatetothenextlady,andsheputsomegreenbeansandbreadontheplate."Icandothat,"thoughtJason.Oneofthevolunteersleftearly,soJasontookoverherspotintheservingline.Hewasinchargeof（负责）puttingsaladontheplates.Heservedtwenty-fivepeoplethatday."Thatwasgreat!"saidJason.Jasonwassoexcitedandreallyenjoyedhisdayatthefoodkitchen.Hecouldn'twaittogethomeandtellhisDadabouthowmuchfunhehad."Jason,thatwasanicethingyoudidtoday.""Youhelpedmanypeoplewhoaren'tasluckyasyoutohaveahotmeal."Momsaid,"Iamsoproudofyou!"Jasonwenttobedthatnightthinkingaboutthefoodkitchen."Iamgoingtohelpoutagain,"hethought.Jasonmadesomenewfriends,andhedidn'tevenknowtheylivedsoclosetohimintown!ThebestpartwashowgoodJasonfeltinside.（1）AtfirstJasonfeltboredbecause_______.A.hisdogwaslazyB.noonewenttothepoolD.hehadtocleanhisroomC.hehadnothingfuntodo（2）Inthefoodkitchen,Jason'sMomvolunteered______.A.sellingfoodB.makingsoupC.cleaningupD.servinglunchD.relaxed（3）Jasonwas______________aboutworkinginthefoodkitchen.A.sorryB.excitedC.sad（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Helpingoutisfun.C.Learningcookingisimportant.【答案】（1）C（2）DB.Seeingisbelieving.D.Makingfriendsisnecessary.（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文将暑假的第二周因朋友都外出度假了Jason在家感到烦闷。（1）细节题，根据Thereisnothingtodo.和That'snotfun.可知他没有什么有趣的事情可做，故选C。（2）细节题，根据Shevolunteeredservinglunchtopeoplethatweren'tasluckyasJason.她自愿给那些不如他儿子幸运的人们服务提供午饭，故选D。（3）细节题，根据Jasonwassoexcitedandreallyenjoyedhisdayatthefoodkitchen.可知Jason对于在食物厨房工作很兴奋，故选B。（4）主旨题，根据Jasonwassoexcitedandreallyenjoyedhisdayatthefoodkitchen.和Iamgoingtohelpoutagain和Jasonmadesomenewfriends,andhedidn'tevenknowtheylivedsoclosetohimintown!ThebestpartwashowgoodJasonfeltinside.可知本文主要是讲述帮助是让人快乐的事情，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后，找出中心思想。5．阅读理解Manyteenagerswanttolookcool.Butnoteveryonecanaffordtohavealotofcoolclothes.ChloeMurray,aneighth-graderatJeffersonMiddleSchoolintheUS,hadanideatosolvethisproblem.Sheopenedacharitable（慈善的）clothescloset.Herschoolagreedwiththegoodidea,too.Theschoolletherusearoomfortheproject.Chloe'sclassmatesjoinedheraswell.Lastmonth,thecharitableclothescloset,calledChloe'sCloset,opened.It'sfulloftrendyclothesforgirlsandboystohelpstudentslooktheirbest."Confidence（自信）isabigthinginmiddleschool,especiallywhenitcomestoclothing,"ChloetoldtheChicagoTribune,adailynewspaperinChicago,theUS.Butwherearetheclothesfrom?Manypeoplefromtheschool'scommunity（社区）andneighboringschoolsgaveawayusedclothes,andtheclothesarestillnew.TheclothesclosetisonlyopenafterschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Studentscan"buy"theseclothesbygetting"money".Theycanget"money"whentheyhandintheirschoolworkontimeormakecorrections（改正）onhomework.Sinceitopened,theyhave"sold"about100thingstostudents.（1）WhoisChloeMurray?A.Aclothesdesigner.B.Aschoolstudent.C.Afashionmodel.D.Aclothesseller.（2）WhydidChloeMurrayopenacharitableclothescloset?A.Tohelpthestudentslookcool.C.Tomakemuchmoney.B.Togetoldclothesback.D.Tohelpthepoorstudents.（3）WhatarethereinChloe'sCloset?A.Oldbutexpensiveclothes.C.Usedbutnewclothes.B.Trendyandexpensiveclothes.D.Oldandcheapclothes.（4）WhenisChloe'sClosetopen?A.Onweekends.B.Afterschooleveryday.C.Beforeclassonschooldays.（5）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoopenaclothesclosetD.Afterschoolonschooldays.B.AcharitableclothesclosetC.What'sChloe'sclothescloset?D.Sellandbuydifferentclothes【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述克洛伊创办慈善衣橱帮助许多想酷的学生实现了这个愿望。（1）细节题。根据ChloeMurray,aneighth-graderatJeffersonMiddleSchoolintheUS,可知，克洛伊是一位中学生，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Manyteenagerswanttolookcool.hadanideatosolvethisproblem.可知，克洛伊创办慈善衣橱是为了帮助学生看起来酷，故选A。（3）细节题。根据Manypeoplefromtheschool'scommunity（社区）andneighboringschoolsgaveawayusedclothes,andtheclothesarestillnew.可知，克洛伊的衣橱有有过的但是还是新的衣服，故选C。（4）细节题。根据TheclothesclosetisonlyopenafterschoolfromMondaytoFriday.可知，慈善衣橱正在放学后开放，故选D。（5）主旨题。本文主要讲述克洛伊的慈善衣橱，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．阅读理解Acow,atreeandsomeflowers…MiaBuckley,12,drewthisdoodle（涂鸦）toshowIrelandinhereyes.SheisthewinneroftheIrishDoodle4Googlecompetition.ItisanationalcompetitionandstudentscanmakeaGooglehomepagelogo（徽标）everyyear.Atlast,shebeatother74competitorstogetherpicture'splaceontheGoogleIrelandhomepage.Becauseshewon,Buckleygotascholarshipfor5,000euros（35,885yuan）andacomputer.ShestudiesatSummercoveNationalSchool,Ireland.Andherschoolalsogot10,000euros.Thisyear'scompetitiontheme（主题）was"IrelandIs…".Buckley'sworkiscalled"Irelandisalandsogreen".Sheusedpicturesoffarmlife,flowers,sportsandmusictoshowIrishlife.Thepictureshadgotthehighestnumberofvotes（Doodleteamthenchosethewinner投票）ineachofthefiveclassgroups.AndtheGoogleRonanHarries,headofGoogleinIreland,likesherwork."Mia'sdoodlecaughtoureyes.ShereallyshowedIreland'sruralheritage（乡村景观遗产）,aswellasourloveofmusicandsports,"hetoldTheIrishExaminer,aneverydaynewspaperinIreland."AndshedidagoodjobshowingtheGooglelogowithbrightcolorsandacleartheme."RonanHarrisalsothankedallthestudentswhotookpartinthecompetition.Mia'sdoodlewillgoliveinIrelandontheGooglehomepageonEasterMonday,March28.（1）ThefirstparagraphshowsthatMiaBuckley.A.isa12-year-oldgirlC.lostthecompetitionB.cancatchbirdswellD.worksfortheGoogle（2）Fromthepassage,weknowitisforMiaBuckleytowinthecompetition.A.easyB.meaningfulC.interesting（3）ThewriterusesRonanHarries'wordstotalkabout.D.dangerousA.whereBuckleycomesfromB.wherethecompetitionbeginsD.howBuckleydrewhercolorfulpicturesC.whyBuckleywaschosenasawinner（4）WhatwillhappenwithBuckley'swork?A.ItwillbeonafarminMarch.C.Buckleywillgiveittoherschool.【答案】（1）A（2）BB.GoogleIrelandwilluseitasahomepage.D.RonanHarrieswillsellitformoney.（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了MiaBuckley是IrishDoodle4Google比赛的获胜者。（1）细节题。根据MiaBuckley,12,drewthisdoodle（涂鸦）toshowIrelandinhereyes.可知Mia是个12岁的小女孩，故选A。（2）细节题。根据Becauseshewon,Buckleygotascholarshipfor5,000euros（35,885yuan）andacomputer.ShestudiesatSummercoveNationalSchool,Ireland.Andherschoolalsogot10,000euros.可知Buckley和Mia的学校也获得了奖励，所以赢得这个比赛是有意义的，故选B。（3）细节题。根据RonanHarries,headofGoogleinIreland,likesherwork."Mia'sdoodlecaughtoureyes.ShereallyshowedIreland'sruralheritage（乡村景观遗产）,aswellasourloveofmusicandsports,"hetoldTheIrishExaminer,aneverydaynewspaperinIreland."AndshedidagoodjobshowingtheGooglelogowithbrightcolorsandacleartheme."可知主要讲了Mia的作品是怎样吸引RonanHarries的，即为什么Buckley是获胜者，故选C。（4）细节题。根据Mia'sdoodlewillgoliveinIrelandontheGooglehomepageonEasterMonday,March28.可知谷歌将用它做主页，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。7．阅读理解WhenIwasateenager（青少年）,Iwasalwaysunhappy.Ioftenbecameunhappywithmyparentsbyshoutingatthemandnottalkingwiththem.Lateron,whenIthoughtaboutit,Iunderstooditwaswrongtodothat.Idecidedtotrymybesttocalmmyselfdownandbegoodwithothers.NowIstarttoactmorepolitelytopeoplearoundme.WhenIlaugh,Ishowatleasteightteeth.That'showhappyIamfeeling.Inthepast,Ihadanotherteenageproblem.Icaredaboutmylooksverymuch.Ispentlotsoftimeinfrontofthemirroreverydaydecidingwhatmyhairshouldlooklike,whileallmydirtyclotheswereonmybedroomfloor.Aslifewenton,Ilearnedthatsometimeslooksisn'tthatimportant.Truebeauty（美丽）shouldbeinsideourhearts,butnotonourfaces.Ishouldspendmoretimestudyingandreading.Ibelieveallteenagershaveproblems,butIalsobelieveifyoucansolve（解决）themhealthily,theywillhelpyoubecomeabetterperson.Youcanexpecttolearnalotfromyourproblems.（1）Asateenager,whenIfeltunhappy,Iusually.A.shoutedatmyparentsB.talkedwithmyparentsD.toldmyteacherC.thoughtaboutmyparents（2）Theunderlinedpart"calmmyselfdown"means"A.让自己争吵B.使自己冷静（3）"Ishowatleasteightteeth"meansIamveryA.sorryB.happy（4）Fromthepassage,wemainly（主要地）know".C.给自己热情D.与自己相处.C.luckyD.scary.A.teenagersalwaystalkwiththeirparentsB.teenagerscareabouttheirlooksverymuchD.teenagersoftengetangrywiththeirparentsC.weshouldsolveourproblemshealthily【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了青少年应该和父母健康地解决问题。（1）细节题。根据Ioftenbecameunhappywithmyparentsbyshoutingatthemandnottalkingwiththem.可知作者是青少年时感到不高兴时总是朝父母大声喊叫，故选A。（2）细节题。根据calmsb.down意思是使某人平静，故选B。（3）细节题。根据WhenIlaugh,Ishowatleasteightteeth.可知当作者笑时展示至少八颗牙，即作者是高兴的，故选B。（4）细节题。根据Ibelieveallteenagershaveproblems,butIalsobelieveifyoucansolve（解决）themhealthily,theywillhelpyoubecomeabetterperson.可知作者认为应该健康地和父母解决问题，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。8．阅读理解Moneymakestheworldgoround.Butmoneyisn'tanythingwhenpeopledon'tknowhowtouseit.AndnooneisbetteratusingmoneythanAmericaninvestor（投资者）WarrenBuffet.Heisoneoftherichestmenintheworld.BuffetwasborninNebraskaintheUSin1930.Asachild,helovedmakingandsavingmoney.Heusedtogodoor-to-doorsellinghisownproducts（产品）.Afteruniversity,Buffetwentonbuyingandsellingshares（股票）.Sharesaresmallpartofacompany.Heisgoodatpredictingchangesincompanies.By1962,hebecamearichman.In1990,hewentonestepfurtherandbecameabillionaire（亿万富翁）.In2008,WarrenBuffetbecametherichestmanintheworld.Hehaspromisedtogive99%ofhiswealthtocharity（慈善）afterhedies.（1）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutBuffet?A.HemakestheworldgoroundB.Hedoesn'tknowhowtousemoney.D.Heisgoodatusingmoney.C.Heisn'ttherichestmanintheworld.（2）WhendidBuffetbecomeabillionaire?A.In1930.B.In1962.C.In1990.D.In2008.（3）WhathasBuffetpromisedtodointhefuture?A.Hewillinvestincharityandmakemoremoney.B.Hewillgivemostofhismoneytocharity.C.Hewillhold99%ofthesharesofacharity.D.Hewillleave99%ofhiswealthtohisfamily.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国投资者WarrenBuffet。（1）细节题。根据AndnooneisbetteratusingmoneythanAmericaninvestor（投资者）WarrenBuffet.可知他擅长使用钱，故选D。（2）细节题。根据In1990,hewentonestepfurtherandbecameabillionaire（亿万富翁）可知在1990年他成为亿万富翁，故选C。（3）细节题。根据Hehaspromisedtogive99%ofhiswealthtocharity（慈善）afterhedies.可知他承诺把99%的钱捐给慈善，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。9．阅读理解YasutaroKoide,theworld'soldestman,diedattheageof113,inNagoya,JapanonJanuary19,2016.Butalongwithhismanyyears,Koidealsoleftuswithapieceofadviceforalongandfruitfullife.KoidewasbornonMarch13,1903.Helearnedsewingandworkedasatailor（裁缝）foramen'sclothesshopinmostofhislife.Hemovedtolivewithhisdaughterwhenhewas107yearsold.Whenheturned110,Koidecouldstillreadnewspaperswithoutglassesandcouldeatwellwithoutdentures（假牙）.InAugust,2015,GuinnessWorldRecordsconfirmed（认证）thathewastheworld'soldestman.Koidealwayslovedsittinginfrontofhissewingmachine,enjoyingmakingallkindsofclothesbyhand.Beingatailorwashisonlyandlastjobbeforehisdeath.Whenhewasgiventheworldrecordin2015,hetoldreportersabouthissecretoflivingalonglife,"Nosmokingoroverdrinking!Behappyabouteverything.Neveroverdothings.Workandlivewithhappiness.（1）YasutaroKoidewasyearsoldwhenhegotGuinnessWorldRecord.A.107B.110C.112D.113（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sewing"meaninEnglish?A.Buyingclothes.B.Makingclothes.C.Sellingclothes.D.Wearingclothes.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Koideusedtohavelotsofjobs.B.KoidelivedinFukuiallhislife.C.ManyJapaneseliketobetailors.D.Koidelikedhisworkallhislife.（4）AccordingtoKoide,thesecretoflivingalonglifeis.A.drinkingalotB.eatingwellC.workinghardD.livinghappily（5）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheoldestmanintheworldB.TheoldestwomanintheworldC.SomewaystolivealonglifeD.Theimportanceoflivinghappily【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了世界上最长寿的人——YasutaroKoide。（1）推断题。根据YasutaroKoide,theworld'soldestman,diedattheageof113,inNagoya,JapanonJanuary19,2016.Whenhewasgiventheworldrecordin2015,hetoldreportersabouthissecretoflivingalonglife可知2016年113岁去世，在2015年获得世界吉尼斯纪录，所以是112岁，故选C。（2）细节题。根据workedasatailor（裁缝）foramen'sclothesshopinmostofhislife.他一生中大部分时间在一家男装店当裁缝，可知他学习裁缝，即做衣服makingcclothes，故选B。（3）细节题。根据Beingatailorwashisonlyandlastjobbeforehisdeath.做裁缝是他生前唯一也是最后一份工作，即Koide一生喜欢他的工作，故选D。（4）细节题。根据Behappyabouteverything.可知长寿的秘诀是快乐地活着，故选D。（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了主要讲了世界上最长寿的人——YasutaroKoide。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．阅读理解Howdoyoustudyeachday?Youmayansweritinonesecond:byhavingclassesatschool,takingnotesanddoinghomework.Feelingalittlebored?Thereareotherwaysthatcanmakelearninginterestingandvaried.It'scalleddigitallearning.DigitallearningisawaytohelpstudentslearnbyusingtheInternetTherearethreeimportantkindsofdigitallearning.Appsarecomputersoftwareapplications（应用）.Peoplecandownloadthemontheirmobiles.Theothertwokindsaresocialnetworkingservices,includingWeiboandWechatandwebsites.Everyoneofthemislikeyourteacher.Theyhelpyoumasterwhatyoulearnatschool.Comparedwithtraditionallearningways,digitallearninghasitsadvantages.Digitallearningisvaried.Itcoversalmosteveryschoolsubject.Moreimportantly,italwaysoffersstudentsthenewestresources（资源）toearnfrom.Digitallearningisalsopersonalized.Youcanchoosewhatyouliketolearn.Ifyoudon'tmasterwhatyouhavelearnedatschool,youcanlearnagainthroughdigitalways.However,digitallearningalsohasdisadvantages.Whenyouusedigitalwaystolearn,you'vegotlittlechanceoftalkingwithteachersandclassmates.Asdigitallearningusescomputersorsmartphones,watchingthescreentoolongmaybebadforyoureyes.Itisbettertotakearestevery20minutes（1）Howdostudentsusuallystudyeverydayaccordingtothepassage?A.Byhavingclassesatschoolandusingonlinetoolsathome.B.Byhavingclassesatschool,takingnotesanddoinghomework.C.Bylearningthroughdigitalwaysandhavingclassesintheclassroom.D.Byhavingclasses,takingnotesandusingonlinetoolsatschool.（2）Threeimportantkindsofdigitallearningarementionedinthepassage.Theyare_______.a.Aputersd.websitese.mobilesf.WeiboandWechatA.abf（3）Theunderlinedword"master"inParagraph2mostprobablymeans"_______".A.feelB.hearC.understand（4）Whatistheproblemofdigitallearning?B.adfC.bceD.cdeD.seeA.Youcan'tcommunicatewithyourclassmatesorteachersfacetoface.B.Youhavetousebothcomputersandsmartphones.C.Youcan'tdecidewhatyouwanttolearnbyyourselfD.It'simpossibletolearnfromthenewestresources.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了通过网络帮助学生学习的数字化学习方式及其优缺点。（1）细节题。根据Youmayansweritinonesecond:byhavingclassesatschool,takingnotesanddoinghomework.可知通过在学校上课、做笔记和做作业学习，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Appsarecomputersoftwareapplications（应用）.Peoplecandownloadthemontheirmobiles.Theothertwokindsaresocialnetworkingservices,includingWeiboandWechatandwebsites.可知数字学习方式有App、微博微信和网站，故选B。（3）细节题。根据前句Everyoneofthemislikeyourteacher.它们中的每个像你的老师，所以它们可知帮助你理解掌握你在学校学习的内容，understand理解，掌握，故选C。（4）细节题。根据you'vegotlittlechanceoftalkingwithteachersandclassmates.可知你很少有机会和老师同学交流，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。11．根据短文内容选择正确答案。BLadiesandgentlemen,Ireturnedtothisyearinatimemachine.Intheyear2500,weareabletotravelthroughtimetoanyyearinthehistoryoftheearth.Thisyearisyourlastchancetochangeyourlifestyletosavetheearth.Beginninginthemiddleofthe20thcentury,afewpeoplewereworriedaboutpollutingtheearth'swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflife.Instead,theycontinuedtopour（倒）dangerouschemicalsandotherwasteintolakesandseas,todrivemoreandmorecarsandtrucks,andtocutdowntrees.Bytheyear2200,theearth'swaterwascompletelypolluted.Scientistssaidthatinthefuturetheremightbetoomanypeopleontheearth.Peoplecouldnolongerdrinkwater,andtheyhadtouseothertypesofliquids（液体）.So,bytheyear2300,thereweresomanypeoplethatfoodbecamescarce.TherewasnowatertogrowfoodandallofthefishinthelakesandseasdiedbecauseofpollutionTerrierwars（战争）brokeoutbetweentherichandthepoor.Scientistswereworkingveryhardtofindanotherplanetinspacewherehumanscouldliveon.Bytheyear2400,theairwastoopollutedforhumanstobreathe.Sowehadtoleaveearthbutonlytherichwereabletoleave.Wheredidwego?Nowhere.Andeverywhere.Youseescientistsdidnotfindanothersafeplanet,sonowwemusttravelaroundtheuniverseinourspaceships.Wearestilllookingforaplacetocallourhome.So,itisuptoyoutochangehistory.Thereisstillhope.Youmustchangeyourlifestylenow,beforeitistoolate.（1）WhichproblemisnottalkedaboutinParagraph2?A.Water.B.Air.C.Lifestyle.D.Food（2）What'sthemeaningof'scarce'inParagraph4inChinese?A.昂贵的B.充足的C.缺乏的D.特殊的（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Onlyafewpeoplechangedtheirlifestyleinthe20thcentury.B.Therewasn'tenoughwaterforpeopletodrinkbytheyear2200.C.Alltheanimalsdiedbecauseofpollutionbytheyear2300.D.Wefoundanewhomeinanotherplanetbytheyear2400.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要以拟人的手法讲述了环境污染的严重事实，作者通过时间隧道从2500年穿越回到了20到25世纪的不同时代，并描述了各个不同时代的污染的严重性，提醒人类保护环境，爱护人类自己。（1）细节理解题。根据短文第二段afewpeoplewereworriedaboutpollutingtheearth'swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflife.内容可知，本段主要涉及