【中考模拟】 北京市平谷区中考一模英语试题与答案与详细解析

试卷第=page1818页，总=sectionpages1919页试卷第=page1919页，总=sectionpages1919页北京市平谷区中考一模英语试题一、单选题

1.OurnewclassmateDavidisveryfriendly.Wealllike________verymuch.A.him B.he C.her D.she

2.Weplantedsomesmalltrees________theparklastSunday.A.of B.on C.in D.to

3.Hesufferedfromaseriouslegproblem,________hedidn’tgiveuphisfootballdream.A.and B.but C.or D.so

4.—________youhelpmewithmyspokenEnglish?

—Noproblem.A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need

5.—________doyouvolunteerinyourcommunity,Peter?

—Onceaweek.A.Howsoon B.Howlong C.Howmuch D.Howoften

6.Mid-AutumnFestivalisoneof________Chinesetraditionalfestivals.A.moreimportant B.important

C.mostimportant D.themostimportant

7.Ifit________tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnic.A.didn’train B.doesn’train

C.won’train D.hasn’trained

8.I________careofmylittlesisterwhenyoucalledmelastnight.A.willtake B.take C.amtaking D.wastaking

9.He________inBeijingsinceheleftschool.A.worked B.hasworked C.works D.willwork

10.—Whereisyourfather,David?

—He________thecarinthegarden.A.washed B.willwash

C.iswashing D.waswashing

11.TheWorldLeisureCongress________successfullyinPinggulastweek.A.washeld B.holds C.held D.willbeheld

12.—Couldyoutellme________?

—NextSaturday.A.whendidyoucometoBeijingB.whenyouwillcometoBeijingC.whenyoucametoBeijingD.whenwillyoucometoBeijing二、完型填空

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My

fathersoldeverythingweowned,tookallthemoneyanddisappearedfromourlives.Mymothersuddenlyfoundherself_________tocareforfiveboys.Iworriedaboutthesituation,butmymotherstayed_________

,andassuredusthatshewouldkeepustogetherasa_________

andsafefromharm.Althoughsmallinsize,shecould

_________

heavyhorse-drawnplows（犁）.Besides,she

_________foundtimetohelpuswithhomework.

As

Christmasapproached,mymotherdidn’tseemtosmileasmuch.I_________Shehadnomoneytobuyuspresents.Consideringmyselfpracticallygrown,Ihidmy

_________.

One

day,mymothertookasaw(锯)intotheforestand_________withsometreebranches.Shelefttheminthebarn(畜棚)anddidn’ttellher

_________

childrenwhattheywerefor.Sheworkedonherproject

_________

Iwasinschool,butIlooked_________intothebarnwhenIhadachance.Severaldayslater,Istillcouldn’t_________herpurpose.WhenlaterIsawsheusednailandpaint,I_________

thatshemustbemakingpresents.

By

Christmasweek,mymotherwasher

_________happyselfagain.Herprojectwasapparently_________

,andsheobviouslykeptitsecretbecauseI’dlookedeverywherewithout_________

.

On

ChristmasEve,Ilayawakeforalongtime,

_________Christmasmorning.

The

nextmorning,mymotherhandedoutthehandmadepresentshappilyinfrontofherdelightedkids.ManydifficultyearswouldfollowthatparticularChristmas,butIneveragaindoubtedmymother’s

_________tocareforus.Wewereneverhungry,andshemakesurewegota(n)_________

inschool.Shetaughtustohavefaithinourownabilities.Thatfaith

_________

mestill.（1）A.hopeful B.alone C.responsible D.unable（2）A.positive B.active C.depressed D.devoted（3）A.promise B.team C.secret D.family（4）A.handle B.maintain C.repair D.take（5）A.yet B.just C.ever D.even（6）A.complained B.witnessed

C.remembered D.realized

（7）A.excitement B.puzzlement

C.disappointment D.embarrassment

（8）A.departed B.returned C.injured D.escaped（9）A.lovely B.naughty C.curious D.nervous（10）A.after B.while C.before D.because（11）A.secretly B.casually C.occasionally D.anxiously（12）A.bringout B.pickout C.figureout D.pointout（13）A.concluded B.swore C.suggested D.admitted（14）A.regular B.normal C.typical D.unique（15）A.challengeable B.creative

C.complete D.awkward

（16）A.success B.difficulty C.delay D.hesitation（17）A.avoiding B.supposing C.scheduling D.expecting（18）A.decision B.determination

C.belief D.ability

（19）A.welcome B.education C.recognition D.praise（20）A.supports B.comforts C.guarantees D.surprises三、阅读单选

We

spendhours,daysandyearsofourlivesineducation.Buthowperfectdoyouthinkyourschoolis?Imagineyoucoulddesignyouridealschool.Whatwoulditbelike?Whatwouldyoubedoing?Wewanttofindoutwhatteenagersaroundtheworldthink.Hereiswhattheysay:

MynameisWuLei.I’mfromChina.MydreamschoolwouldhaveanOlympic-sizeswimmingpool,twofootballfieldsandagolfcourse.Itwouldalsohaveacinema,agym,arestaurantandashoppingcenter.MyschoolhasnoneoftheseandIthinkthereshouldbemoreenjoyablethingsforpupilstodowhiletheyarestudying.

MynameisRichard.I’mfromAmerica.Ithinkitwouldbegreattohaveadayoffeveryweek,aswellastheweekend.IfthatdaywasaFridayoraMonday,wewouldhavealongweekendeveryweek.Whatfun!Ialsothinkschoolshouldstartlater,atabout10o’clock,andfinishearlier.I’msurewecouldlearnjustasmuchinfewerhours.

I’mYoko.IcomefromJapan.Mydreamschoolwouldbebigandroomywithalaptopforeverypersonintheschool.I’dalsoliketohaveamusicroomwherewecanjustgoandplayinstrumentswhenwewant.Weneedarecordingstudiotoo.

I’mHannah.IcomefromAustralia.Myschoolenvironmentisgreat—especiallythesportsfacilities.We’vegotaswimmingpoolandtenniscourts.It’stheteachersI’dchange.Ithinktheyshouldgiveusmorefreedomandchoiceabouthowwestudy.Ialsothinkit’sunnecessarythatwehavetowearaschooluniform.It’sveryuncomfortableandtheuglycolor—purpleandpink!（1）Whowantsonemoredayoffinaweek?A.Richard. B.WuLei. C.Yoko. D.Hannah.（2）InYoko’sidealschool,shecan________.A.playtennis B.seemovies

C.playinstruments D.dosomeshopping

（3）Thefourteenagerstalkabouttheir________.A.favoritesports B.dreamschools

C.hobbies D.teachers

For

manyAmerican10-year-olds,summerisalwaysatimeforgoofingaround(消磨时光),hangingoutwithfriends,andplayingoutsideuntilthesungoesdown.However,forLiamHannon,thesummerof2017wasabitdifferent.Thatyear,Liamdidnotwanttogotosummercamp,sohemadeadealwithhisdadtostaybusyandactive.Hejoinedaprogramtogivebacktothecommunity.Specifically,hewasgivenatasktohelphomelesspeople.

Liam

pointedouttohisdadthattherewerealotofhomelesspeoplejustoutsidetheirhomeinCambridge,Massachusetts.ThesepeoplewerehungryandLiamthoughthecoulddosomethingtolifttheirspirits.Liamandhiscladbeganmakingsandwiches.Together,theymade20lunchesthatfirstweek,whichtheythenhandedouttothehomelesspeople.Whentheweekwasover,Liamrealizedhewasnotreadytoputawayhisbreadknifejustyet,soLiam’sLunchesofLovewasborn.

“No

oneshouldbehungry,”LiamwroteonhisGoFundMepage.HecreatedtheonlinepagewithhisfatherasawaytohelpraisemoneyforLunchesofLove.DonationsthatwerereceivedthroughGoFundMehaveenabledLiamtobuyabettercart(手推车)andmakethousandsofadditionallunches.Liamalsogetshelpfromfriendsandvolunteerstomakeanddeliverthelunches.Hisfriendslovedrawingpicturesandwritingencouragingmessagesonthebrownpaperbagsthatthelunchesandhealthysnacksarepackedin.“I’veseenpeoplewhoarefeelingreallydown.Butwhenwehandthemalunch,theirfacesjustlightup,”saysLiam.

But

hedidn’tstopthere.LiamhasanotherprojectcalledLegos(乐高)ofLove.Peoplesendintheiroldtoys,whicharethensortedandgiventochildrenwhoarelivingathomelessshelters.

One

thingiscertain:Thisnow12-year-oldknowshowtopayitforward(让爱传播出去).HisLunchesofLoveisanexampleofhowevensomethingassimpleasasandwichcanchangetheworld.（1）WhatdidLiamHannondointhesummerholidayof2017?A.Hehungoutwithhisfriends.B.Hewenttosummercamp.C.Hehelpedmanyhomelesspeoplewithhisfatherandfriends.D.Hedrewpicturesandwroteencouragingmessagesonthepaperbags.（2）HowdidLiamhelpthechildrenathomelessshelters?A.Bymakingsandwichesforthem.B.Byraisingmoneyforthem.C.Bybuyingoldtoysforthem.D.BycreatingaprojectcalledLegosofLove.（3）Liam’sstorymainlytellsus________.A.weshouldenjoythesummerholidaywithourfamilyB.weshouldaskourfriendsforhelpC.simplehelpcanmakeabigdifferenceD.projectsmakealotoffun

Do

yourememberyourfavoritetoygrowingup?Itdidn’tmatterwhetheritwasadoll,astuffedbearoraplasticsoldier.Thatwasyourfavoritetoyandyouloveditmorethananythingelseinthisworld.Whatyouprobablydon’tknowishowitinfluencedyoureducationandhow,overtheyears,toyscontinuetoimprovetheabilitiesandskillschildrenneedtopreparethemforlife.Toysarequiteimportantinchildhooddevelopment.

All

expertsagree:childrenlearnbyplayingandtoysaretheinstrumentsthatallowthemtodiscovertheworldtheylivein.Andthisispreciselywhytheyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsthroughtoys.Andtoysprovideplentyofenjoymentandhappiness,bothofwhichhelpbuildtheirself-confidence.

Toys

getchildrenengagedinphysicalactivity,byexercisingtheirfineandgrossmotorskills.Whethertheyarecoloringordressingandundressingadoll,forexample,childrenareusingtheirsenseoftouchandsightwhilewalkers,tricyclesortoycarsstrengthentheirarmsandlegs.Toysalsohelpthemdiscoverbalanceandcoordinationandbybeingphysicallyactive,childrenavoidbecomingfatandadoptahealthylifestyle.

Ever

sincetheyareborn,toysmotivatebabiestousetheirfeetandhandsinordertodiscoverforms,colorsandsounds.Oncebabiesknowhowtositandcrawl,toysincitethemtobeonthemove.Iftheirfavoritetoyisoutofreach,thebabywilluseitsmusclestotryandgrabit.

Toys

boostchildren’screativityandhelpthemexpresstheiremotions.Whetherit’sthroughroleplayingordolls,childrenaregiventhespacetoimaginefamiliarsituationsorinventfantasticalworldsthatleadkidstoabstraction.

Oftentimes,adultstendtoidentifythewordtoywith“somethingtheysellatthestore”butchildren,ontheotherhand,seetoysaretheobjectsincludedintheirplaying.Theseobjectscanbesomethingreallikeasetofkeys,apotandarolloftoiletpaper,orthingstheycantransform,suchasplaydough,paint.Thesetoolsallhelpteachkidshowtomakedecisionsastheyhelpsparktheirimaginationwhilecreatingauniversetheycanplayin.

Asidefromtheabove,toysgivethemanunderstandingofthesocietytheylivein.Toysinvitechildrentointeract,firstwithadultsandthenwithotherchildrenoftheirage.Thesimpleactofplayingwithanotherchildchallengesthemtoexperiencesituationswhereimportantlessonsaretobelearned:respect,cooperationandsharing.

Did

youknowthattoysweresoimportantinchildhooddevelopment?（1）Childrenmay________byplayingtoysaccordingtothewriter.A.improvetheirplayingskills B.telldifferentthings

C.discovertheworld D.findsomethingreal

（2）Kidsmaylearnhowtojoinsocietyby________accordingtothewriter.A.roleplayingB.playingtoyswithanotherchildC.drivingtoycarsD.coloringapieceofpaper（3）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowManyKindsofToysCanYouChooseforChildren?B.WhyAreToysImportantinChildhoodDevelopment?C.HowMuchDoYourToysInfluenceYou?D.WhyCanToysHelpTeachKidstoMakeDecisions?

Why

WeNeedEachOther

John

livesalonebutisverysocial.Hehasmanyfriendswithwhomhespendsalotoftimeandseesfrequently.However,hefeelssadanddisappointedbecausehisfriendshipsdon’tseemtomeethisneeds.

Albertlivesaloneandhastwoclosefriendswhomheseesoccasionally.Whenhemeetswiththem,hehasagoodtimetalkingaboutcurrenteventsandsportsaswellaseachother’sthoughtsandfeelings.Whenheisnotatworkorinthecompanyofothers,Albertdoesnotfeellonelybecausehespendstimeengaginginactivitiesthatinterestandenergizehim.

Generally,lonelinessisanegativeconditionresultingfromastateofaloneness.Peoplewhodesiremoreinterpersonalrelationshipsthantheyactuallyhavecandevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Howmuchsocialconnectednessapersonneedsinfluenceshowmuchalonenesstheycanaccept.

However,itisnotthenumberofsocialrelationshipsthatdetermineswhetherpeoplefeellonely.Rather,itistheemotionalandcognitivereactions(认知反映)theindividualexperiencesinrelationtotheseconnectionsthatplayaroleinexperiencingloneliness.Forexample,socialinteractionswhereanindividualfeelsthefollowingarelinkedwithloneliness:distrust,emotionalconflict,lackofsocialsupport.

John

andAlbertbothlivealoneandhavefriends;yet,theonewiththemoreactivesociallifefeelslonely.Why?Beingalonecanresultinnegativereactionsrelatedtoloneliness(e.g.,sadness,hopelessness)oritcanhavepositivereactionsrelatedtoloneliness(e.g.,spiritualandcreativegrowth,restoringone’shealthandenergy).John’srelationshipsdon’tseemtoprovidehimwithwhatheneedsorwants—enjoymentormeaning—andsohefeelsverylonely.Ontheotherhand,Albertseemstobenefitfromtheinteractionshehaswithhisfriends,andalsohappenstoenjoyhistimealone.Inaddition,Albertdoesn’tseemtowantmoreinterpersonalconnections.

Humans,becauseofnecessity,evolvedintosocialbeings.Dependenceonandcooperationwitheachotherenhancedourabilitytosurviveundersuchdifficultenvironmentalcircumstances.Althoughthesurvivalthreatsofthesecircumstanceshavelessenedintoday’sworld,peoplecontinuetohaveaneedtoconnectwithothers.Indeed,thelackofsuchconnectionscanleadtomanyproblems,includingloneliness.

In

ouradvanceddigitalage,oneofthecommonconcernsregardingtheincreasingemergenceoflonelinessishowwehavebecomelesscaringofothers.Atonetime,ourverysurvivaldependedontrustingandsupportiverelationships.Basically,itdoesn’tmatterhowtechnologicallyexperiencedwebecome;emotionalconnectivityremainsacentralpartofbeinghuman.Weneedeachother.（1）Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat________.A.muchsocialconnectednessleadstoone’slonelinessB.whenbeingalone,onemusthavenegativereactionC.continuousemotionalconnectionswithothersarestillneededD.technologicalexperiencinghasreplacedemotionalconnectivity（2）Thewriterwantstotellus________inwritingthefourthparagraph.A.whatemotionalandcognitivereactionareB.whatdetermineswhetherpeoplefeellonelyC.whatarelinkedwithlonelinessD.whatweexperienceinsocialinteractions（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhanced”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Showed. B.Improved. C.Kept. D.Questioned.（4）Whydoesn’tAlbertfeellonelywhenhe’salone?A.Becausehehasthesamethoughtswithhisfriends.B.Becausehetalksaboutsomepopulartopicswithhisfriends.C.Becausehespendsenoughtimewithhisfriends.D.Becausehebenefitsfromrelationshipsandenjoyshistimealone.四、回答问题

A

youngDutchinventoristryinghisbesttocleanupfloatingplasticfromthePacificOcean.Hehasdevelopedafloatingdevice(设备)tostopplasticwastemovingintoriversbeforeitreachesthehighseas.

BoyanSlatwasjust18yearsoldwhenheinventedasystemforcatchingwasteintheocean.HealsofoundedanenvironmentalgroupcalledTheOceanCleanup.Itspurposeistodevelopthesystemandmoveittotherightplace,thengetitreadyforuse.

Last

Saturday,the25-year-oldSlatannouncedthenextstepinhisfight:afloatingdevicethathecallsthe“Interceptor.’’Itremovesplasticoutofrivers.Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun.

“We

needtoclosethetap,whichmeanspreventingmoreplasticfromreachingtheoceaninthefirstplace,”Slatsaid.Headdedthetrashfromlandtoseaiscarriedmainlythroughrivers.

Expertssay8millionmetrictonsofwasteflowintotheoceaneachyearfromrivers,creeksandseasideareas.Theplasticendangersfishandothersealivingthings.

ThreeofthemachineshavealreadybeenmovedtoIndonesia,MalaysiaandVietnam.SlatsaidafourthisgoingtotheDominicanRepublic.

Slat

saidhebelieves1,000riversareresponsibleforabout80%oftheplasticgoingintotheworld’soceans.Hesaidhewantstotrytocleanthemallinthenextfiveyears.

He

added,“Thisisnotgoingtobeeasy,butimagineifwedogetthisdone.Wecouldtrulymakeouroceanscleanagain.”

MeanwhileSlataskedforsupportfromcountrieswhichareinterestedincleaninguptheirrivers.Healsowantssupportfrombusinessesthatpreparetohelphimwithmoneyandtheoperationofthedevices.

The

Interceptorisdesignedtobesafeinrivers.Itsnoseisshapedtoturnawaylargerfloatingobjectsliketreetrunksindifferentdirection.TheInterceptorworksbyguidingplasticwasteintoanopeninginthefrontofthedevices.Thewasteisthencarriedinsidethemachinewhereitisdroppedintocontainers.Theinterceptorsendsatextmessagetolocaloperatorsthatcancomeandemptyitwhenitisfull.

Slat

showedhowitworkedbyputtinghundredsofyellowrubberducksintothewateratthelauncheventintheDutchcityofRotterdam.Theinterceptorcaughtnearlyallofthem.

Jan

vanFranekeriswiththeWageningenMarineResearchInstitute.HetoldtheTheAssociatedPress(AP),“Iamreallyhappytheyfinallymovedtowardthesourceofthelitter.Thedesign,fromwhatIcansee,looksprettygood.”

“Deployinginterceptorsisevencheaperthandeployingnothingatall,”Slatnoted.

（1）HowoldwasSlatwhenhefounded“TheOceanCleanup”?

________________（2）WhendidSlatannouncehisnextstepinhisfight?

________________（3）Whereis8millionmetrictonsofwasteintheoceanfrom?

________________（4）WhatdoesSlatwanttodointhenextfiveyears?

________________（5）WhatdoyouthinkofSlat’sinvention?

________________五、书信作文

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