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DigitalImageProcessing Prof.Dr.ChenHuiSchoolofISE,ShandongUniversity email:huichen@

Lecture2DigitalImageProcessing Pr1Introduction

BackgroundDigitalImageRepresentationFundamentalStepsInImageProcessingSystemElementsofDigitalImageProcessingSystemFurtherReadingsOnePictureisworthmorethanathousandwords.Chapter1no.1IntroductionBackgroundChapter2BackgroundApplications:

Improvementofpictorialinformationforhumaninterpretation.Processingofscenedataforstorage,transmission,andrepresentationforautonomousmachineperception.ScopedefinitionOriginsStateoftheartPrincipalsOverviewofsystemChapter1no.2BackgroundApplications:Chapte3WhatareDIPandscope?(readbook)DigitalImage:discretebothinspace(x,y)andamplitudefProcessing

bydigitalcomputerPictureelements,imageelement,pels,pixels

Notlimitedtovisualband:wide&varietyfieldofapplicationsNogeneralagreementonthescopeofprocessing,analysis,vision.Input&output,emulatehumanvision(AI).Noclear-cutboundaries.I/Oimages,extractattributes,recognizingobjects.

Suchasanalysisoftext...Chapter1

no.3WhatareDIPandscope?(read4HistoryEarly1920s,Bartlanecablepicturetransmissionsystem.(specialcharacter,5~15graylevel).Middle1960s,spaceshuttle,aerialandsatelliteimagery.(large-scalecomputer&spaceprogram—DIPconcepts).Others,medicalimage(x-ray,MRI,CT.),geography,archeology,astronomy,physics(high-energyplasmas,electronmicroscope).Machineperception:characterrecognition,industrialmachinevision,militaryrecognizance,matchingfingerprints,etc.Chapter1no.4HistoryEarly1920s,Bartlanec5History(cont.1)Chapter1no.5DigitalimagesHistory(cont.1)Chapter1no.6History(cont.2)Chapter1no.6DigitalimagesHistory(cont.2)Chapter1no.7History(cont.3)Chapter1no.7DigitalimageprocessedbycomputerHistory(cont.3)Chapter1no.8ExamplesChapter1no.8GammarayExamplesChapter1no.8Gammar9Examples(cont.1)Chapter1no.8XrayExamples(cont.1)Chapter1no10Example(cont.2)Chapter1no.9Visible&InfraredExample(cont.2)Chapter1no.11Example(cont.4)Chapter1no.10InfraredExample(cont.4)Chapter1no12Examples(cont.5)Chapter1no.11RadiobandExamples(cont.5)Chapter1no.13Examples(cont.6)Chapter1no.12UltrasoundExamples(cont.6)Chapter1no.14Examples(cont.7)Chapter1no.13VisualspectrumExamples(cont.7)Chapter1no15DigitalImageRepresentationDefinition:monochromeimage(image),atwo-dimensionallightintensityfunctionf(x,y),point(x,y)spatialcoordinates,fbrightnessvalueofthepoint.DigitalImage:Discretizedbothinspatialcoordinatesandbrightness(matrix,elements,pixels).Imagesizeandthenumberofgraylevelareadvantagestobechosenasintegerpowerof2.(512*512,128!)Chapter1no.14DigitalImageRepresentationDe16DigitalImageRepresentation(cont.)Chapter1no.15DigitalImageRepresentation(17DigitalImageRepresentation(cont.)Chapter1no.15DigitalImageRepresentation(18FundamentalStepsInImageProcessingSystemImageacquisition(imagesensor&ADconverter)camera,scanner..Preprocessing(improveimage)

enhancingcontrast,removingnoise…Segmentationpartitionaninputimageintoitsconstituentpart,outputrawpixeldataeitherofboundaryorregion.Representationanddescription(descriptors,featureselection)Recognitionandinterpretation

assignalabeltoanobject,assignmeaningtorecognizedobjects.anexample:automaticreadingoftheaddressonpieceofmail.Chapter1no.16FundamentalStepsInImagePro19ElementsofDigitalImageProcessingSystemChapter1no.17ElementsofDigitalImagePro20FurtherReadingSlidesavailableaspdffilesR.C.Gonzalez,R.E.Woods,“DigitalImageProcessing”,2ndedition,Prentice-Hall,2002,Pratt,W.K.,DigitalImageProcessing,3rded.,JohnWiley&Sons,NY.,2001.IEEETransactionsonImageProcessing.IEEETransactionsonPatternAnalysisandMachineIntelligence.ComputerVisionandImageUnderstanding.IEEETransactionsonSignalProcessing.IEEETransactionsonMedicalImaging.Chapter1no.18FurtherReadingSlidesavailabl21ElementsofVisualPerceptionStructureofHumanEyeChapter2Elementsofvisualperceptionno.1ElementsofVisualPerceptionS22ImageFormationintheEye

2.55mmElementsofvisualperceptionno.2ImageFormationintheEye2.23BrightnessAdaptation

Cannotoperatesucharangesimultaneously.Rather,bychangesinitsoverallsensitivity.Elementsofvisualperceptionno.3BrightnessAdaptationCannoto24BrightnessDiscriminationExperimentBrightnessdiscriminationispooratlowlevelsofillumination.Elementsofvisualperceptionno.4BrightnessDiscriminationExpe25MachBandPatternVisualsystemtendstoundershootorovershootaroundtheboundaryofregionsofdifferentintensities.Elementsofvisualperceptionno.5MachBandPatternVisualsystem26SimultaneousContrastAregion’sperceivedbrightnessdoesnotdependsimplyonitsintensity.Elementsofvisualperceptionno.6SimultaneousContrastAregion27OpticalIllusionsFillinnon_existence/wronglyperceivegeometry.Elementsofvisualperceptionno.7OpticalIllusionsFillinnon_e28ReadingQuestions

WhatisSampling?WhatisQuantization?Howmanysamplesarerequiredforagoodapproximation?Howmanygraylevelsarerequiredforagoodapproximation?ReadingQuestionsWhatisSamp29DigitalImageProcessing Prof.Dr.ChenHuiSchoolofISE,ShandongUniversity email:huichen@

Lecture2DigitalImageProcessing Pr30Introduction

BackgroundDigitalImageRepresentationFundamentalStepsInImageProcessingSystemElementsofDigitalImageProcessingSystemFurtherReadingsOnePictureisworthmorethanathousandwords.Chapter1no.1IntroductionBackgroundChapter31BackgroundApplications:

Improvementofpictorialinformationforhumaninterpretation.Processingofscenedataforstorage,transmission,andrepresentationforautonomousmachineperception.ScopedefinitionOriginsStateoftheartPrincipalsOverviewofsystemChapter1no.2BackgroundApplications:Chapte32WhatareDIPandscope?(readbook)DigitalImage:discretebothinspace(x,y)andamplitudefProcessing

bydigitalcomputerPictureelements,imageelement,pels,pixels

Notlimitedtovisualband:wide&varietyfieldofapplicationsNogeneralagreementonthescopeofprocessing,analysis,vision.Input&output,emulatehumanvision(AI).Noclear-cutboundaries.I/Oimages,extractattributes,recognizingobjects.

Suchasanalysisoftext...Chapter1

no.3WhatareDIPandscope?(read33HistoryEarly1920s,Bartlanecablepicturetransmissionsystem.(specialcharacter,5~15graylevel).Middle1960s,spaceshuttle,aerialandsatelliteimagery.(large-scalecomputer&spaceprogram—DIPconcepts).Others,medicalimage(x-ray,MRI,CT.),geography,archeology,astronomy,physics(high-energyplasmas,electronmicroscope).Machineperception:characterrecognition,industrialmachinevision,militaryrecognizance,matchingfingerprints,etc.Chapter1no.4HistoryEarly1920s,Bartlanec34History(cont.1)Chapter1no.5DigitalimagesHistory(cont.1)Chapter1no.35History(cont.2)Chapter1no.6DigitalimagesHistory(cont.2)Chapter1no.36History(cont.3)Chapter1no.7DigitalimageprocessedbycomputerHistory(cont.3)Chapter1no.37ExamplesChapter1no.8GammarayExamplesChapter1no.8Gammar38Examples(cont.1)Chapter1no.8XrayExamples(cont.1)Chapter1no39Example(cont.2)Chapter1no.9Visible&InfraredExample(cont.2)Chapter1no.40Example(cont.4)Chapter1no.10InfraredExample(cont.4)Chapter1no41Examples(cont.5)Chapter1no.11RadiobandExamples(cont.5)Chapter1no.42Examples(cont.6)Chapter1no.12UltrasoundExamples(cont.6)Chapter1no.43Examples(cont.7)Chapter1no.13VisualspectrumExamples(cont.7)Chapter1no44DigitalImageRepresentationDefinition:monochromeimage(image),atwo-dimensionallightintensityfunctionf(x,y),point(x,y)spatialcoordinates,fbrightnessvalueofthepoint.DigitalImage:Discretizedbothinspatialcoordinatesandbrightness(matrix,elements,pixels).Imagesizeandthenumberofgraylevelareadvantagestobechosenasintegerpowerof2.(512*512,128!)Chapter1no.14DigitalImageRepresentationDe45DigitalImageRepresentation(cont.)Chapter1no.15DigitalImageRepresentation(46DigitalImageRepresentation(cont.)Chapter1no.15DigitalImageRepresentation(47FundamentalStepsInImageProcessingSystemImageacquisition(imagesensor&ADconverter)camera,scanner..Preprocessing(improveimage)

enhancingcontrast,removingnoise…Segmentationpartitionaninputimageintoitsconstituentpart,outputrawpixeldataeitherofboundaryorregion.Representationanddescription(descriptors,featureselection)Recognitionandinterpretation

assignalabeltoanobject,assignmeaningtorecognizedobjects.anexample:automaticreadingoftheaddressonpieceofmail.Chapter1no.16FundamentalStepsInImagePro48ElementsofDigitalImageProcessingSystemChapter1no.17ElementsofDigitalImagePro49FurtherReadingSlidesavailableaspdffilesR.C.Gonzalez,R.E.Woods,“DigitalImageProcessing”,2ndedition,Prentice-Hall,2002,Pratt,W.K.,DigitalImageProcessing,3rded.,JohnWiley&Sons,NY.,2001.IEEETransactionsonImageProcessing.IEEETransactionsonPatternAnalysisandMachineIntelligence.ComputerVisionandImageUnderstanding.IEEETransactionsonSignalProcessing.IEEETransactionsonMedicalImaging.Chapter1no.18FurtherReadingSlidesavailabl50ElementsofVisualPerceptionStructureofHumanEyeChapter2Elementsofvisualperceptionno.1ElementsofVisualPerceptionS51Im

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