方言与语域的区别

DialectandRegisterpresentedbyJiangLing

精选课件ContentsDialectDefinitionofregisterRelationshipbetweendialectandregister精选课件Lead-in:Question&AnswerWhenyoutalkwithdifferentpeople,likeyourparents,friends,orstrangers,doyoucommunicatewiththeminthesameway?精选课件1.DialectDefinitionofdialect:(1)It’sthevarietiesoflanguageaccordingto

users(differentregions,temporalspace,sex,age,class,etc).(2)Itreferstoavarietyofalanguagethatis

characteristicofaparticulargroupofthe

language’sspeakers.精选课件Shanghaidialect精选课件Sichuandialect两个四川人到北京观光旅游，由于对北京的地理环境不太熟悉，就在公交车上打开地图研究。甲：“我们先杀（去）到天安门，然后再杀到毛主席纪念馆，最后杀到中南海……”乙：“要得嘛我们就一路杀过切。”不幸被同车群众举报，下车后被扭到公安机关，交代若干个小时情况后才被放出。甲乙两人来到天安门广场，看着人来人往，两人顿时无语……。甲忍不住说：“你浪个（为什么）不开腔（枪）喃？”乙：“你都不开腔我浪个敢开嘛？”话音刚落，又被广场群众扭送至公安机关。一周后两人走出看守所大门，你看看我，我看看你，甲说：“这哈安逸了，包包都遭整空了，哪点去搞点子弹（钱）嘛？……”门口的武警冲上来将两人按倒在地……精选课件精选课件Aredialectsacceptableinpublicplaces?精选课件2.DefinitionofregisterDefinition:AccordingtoM.A.Halliday,registeristhevarietiesaccordingtouse.Twoslogons:(1)Languagevariesasitsfunctionvaries;itdiffersindifferentsituations.------Halliday(2)Thetypeoflanguagewhichisselectedasappropriatetothetypeofsituationisaregister.Inthisaspectitdiffersfromdialect.精选课件2.Definitionofregister

ExamplesExampleOne:Adaptinglanguagetosuitthetopicisafairlystraightforwardmatter.Manyactivitieshaveaspecializedvocabulary.Ifyouareplayingaballgame,youneedtoknowthat'zero'isaduckincricket,loveintennis,andnilinsoccer.Ifyouhaveadrinkwithfriendsinapub,youneedtoknowgreetingssuchas:Cheers!Here'stoyourgoodhealth!ExampleTwo:Thesamepersonmightutteranyofthefollowingthreesentences,dependingonthecircumstances:Ishouldbegratefulifyouwouldmakelessnoise.Pleasebequiet.Shutup!精选课件2.Definitionofregister

SummaryWhenweareindifferentsituations,facingdifferentobjects,differentlanguagevarietieswiththesamemeaningwillbeusedforthebestcommunicativeeffect.Thiskindofphenomenoniscalled"register".精选课件3.RelationshipbetweendialectandregisterDialectandregisteraretwocategoriesofvarietiesoflanguage.Inspiteoftheobviousdifferencesbetweenthem,theyarecloselyrelatedtoeachother.Threerespectsoftherelationshiparetobediscussedinthissection:differencesandcorrespondance;overlap;transformation.精选课件3.Relationshipbetweendialectandregister3.1Differencesandcorresponaence3.1.1Differences"Yourdialectshowswhoyouarewhileyourregistersshowswhatyouaredoing."(Hudson,1996)"Adialectis'whatyouspeak'(habitually);aregisteris'whatyouarespeaking'(atgiventime)."(Halliday,1978)精选课件3.Relationshipbetweendialectandregister3.1.1DifferencesDialectreflectsthespeaker'ssocialbackground,suchashisage,sex,regionalbackground,socialstatus,education,etc..Registerindicatesthespeaker'soccupation,purpose,situation,therole-relationshipbetweentheaddressorandtheaddressee,andthewayofcommunication,namelyspeakingorwriting.精选课件3.RelationshipbetweendialectandregisterDialectisdifferentwaysofsayingthesamething.Registerisdifferentwaysofsayingdifferentthings.3.1.1Differences精选课件3.1Correspondingrelationshipbetweendialectandregister(adaptedfromHalliday1978)精选课件3.1Correspondingrelationshipbetweendialectandregister(adaptedfromHalliday1978)精选课件3.Relationshipbetweendialectandregister3.2Overlap

Oneman'sdialectmightbeanotherman'sregister.Forexample,

EnglishusedinclasscomparedwithChinese.A

(Americans)B

(Chinesepeople)X

(English)DialectRegisterOverlapbetweendialectandregister精选课件3.Relationshipbetweendialectandregister3.3TransformationDefinition:

Dialectcanbetransformedintoregisterinsomeconditions.Code-switching:

"useoftwoormorelinguisticvarietiesinthesameconversationorinteraction."(CarolMyers-Scotton&WilliamUry)Codeswitching(CS)occursfarmoreofteninconve