建筑学专业英文词汇知识

'\'\建筑专业英文词汇1建筑面积Construction2建筑用地Buildingland3容积率Volumeratio4绿地率Greenrate室外透视效果图Outdoorperspectiverenderings室内透视效果图Interiorperspectiverenderings7一层平面Layerplan8二层平面Secondfloorflat9剖面Section10正北面Isnorth12正东面Iseast13总平面图12正东面Iseast13总平面图14构图分析15设计理念16设计说明GeneralPlanCompositionanalysisDesign:DesignNotes:17图纸Drawing主入口大门/岗亭（车行&人行）MAINENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE（FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN）次入口/岗亭（车行&人行)2NDENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE(FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN)商业中心入口ENTRANCETOSHOPPINGCTR.水景WATERFEATURE小型露天剧场MINIAMPHI-THEATRE迎宾景观-1WELCOMINGFEATURE-1观景木台TIMBERDECK(VIEWING)竹园BAMBOOGARDEN漫步广场WALKWAYPLAZA露天咖啡廊OUTDOORCAFE巨大迎宾水景-2GRANDWELCOMINGFEATURE-2木桥TIMBERBRIDGE石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台 ROCK'SCAPEWATERFALL'SGROTTO/VIEWINGTERRACE吊桥HANGINGBRIDGE休憩台地(低处)LOUNGINGTERRACE(LOWER)休憩台地(高处)LOUNGINGTERRACE(UPPER)特色踏步野趣小溪儿童乐园FEATURESTEPPINGSTONERIVERWILDCHILDREN'SPLAYGROUND37旱冰道SLIDE羽毛球场BADMINTONCOURT旱景DRYLANDSCAPE40woodandmetalfences 木头和金属栅栏41aestheticconsiderations 审美方面的考虑42climatezones气候带43collectedrainwater44cold寒带45ecologicalimpact46exoticplantspecies收集起来的雨水生态影响外来植物物种47gardenpool花园游泳池48landscapeplanning 景观规划49naturalresources 自然资源50monolithicpavement 整体路面，整体铺装51packageplants丛生植物52plants,herbaceous草本的植物53privategarden 私家花园54regionalcommercial地区性商业55recycledwater循环水区域规划分析图； districtplanninganalysedrawing总平面图；overallplangenerallayout;siteplan;siteplan交通组织分析图； trafficorganizationanalysedrawing建筑平面图；architechturalplan建筑立面图；architechturalelevationdrawing61建筑剖面图：architecturalsectiondrawingarchitechruralinteriorflownlineanalysedrawing62建筑内部流线分析图；63鸟瞰图aerialview65流线图circulationdrawing ；streamlinechart66透视图：rendering外观及主要功能区的透视图 outlookingandkeyfunctionaldistrictsseenograph正立面透视图thescenographofverticalplane目录DESIGNBASIS设计依据DESIGNSTAGE设计阶段CLIMATECONDITION气象条件GENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)FLOOR&TRENCH地面及地沟DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASE、LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【BricksandTiles砖和瓦】水泥、砂浆和混凝土】饰面及粉刷材料】沥青和石棉】【Lime,SandandStone 灰、砂和石】水泥、砂浆和混凝土】饰面及粉刷材料】沥青和石棉】【Cement.MortarandConcrete【FacingAndPlasteringMaterials【Asphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos[Timber木材】【MetallicMaterials金属材料】[Non-FerrousMetal有色金属】[Anti-CorrosionMaterials 防腐蚀材料】【BuildingHardware建筑五金】【Paint油漆】k.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语【Discipline专业】【ConventionalTerms一般通用名词】【ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理】【NameOfProfessionalrole 职务名称】【Drafting制图】a.DESIGNBASIS设计依据计划建议书planningproposals设计任务书designorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料 basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignb.STAGEOFDESIGN设计阶段方案scheme,draft草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion谈判ynegotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图asbuiltdrawingc.CLIMATECONDITION气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity风荷载windload最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度年降雨量湿球温度干球温度rainfallintensityannualrainfallwetbulbtemperaturedrybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure相对湿度relativehumidityd.GENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称办公室office服务用房serviceroom换班室shiftroom休息室restroom(breakroom)起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅诊室工作间workshoplobbyclinicwardrobeH.V.A.Croomrestaurantcanteen,diningroomkitchenentrancereceptionareaaccountantroomsecretaryroomelectricalroomcontrolroomforemanoffice电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库garage清洁间cleaningroom会议室（正式）conferenceroom会议室wardrobeH.V.A.Croomrestaurantcanteen,diningroomkitchenentrancereceptionareaaccountantroomsecretaryroomelectricalroomcontrolroomforemanoffice接待处会计室秘书室电气室控制室工长室开关柜室switchgear前室antecabinet（Ante.）生产区productionarea马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratoryroom经理室managerroom披屋（阁楼）penthouse警卫室guardhouseROOFINGANDCEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐沟eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof

雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchmentarea泛水flashingroofingboardceilingboardwater-proofcourseinspectionhole内排水interiordrainage外排水exteriordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平层levelingcourse卷材屋面built-uproofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板天花板防水层检查孔人孑Lmanholeroofingboardceilingboardwater-proofcourseinspectionhole吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling檐板(窗帘盒)corniceIongitudinalwalltransversewallexternal(exterior)wallinternal(interior)wallfillerwallfirewallwallbetweenwindowcavitywallWALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙renderedwall石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwall承重墙bearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙横墙外墙内墙填充墙防火墙窗间墙空心墙压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层damp-proofcourse(D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansionjoint

Iongitudinalwalltransversewallexternal(exterior)wallinternal(interior)wallfillerwallfirewallwallbetweenwindowcavitywall沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墙板claddingpanel复合板compositepanel轻质隔断light-weightpartition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brickchimney勒脚(基座)plinthFLOORANDTRENCH地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素土夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbackfill垫层beddingcourse,blinding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层 neatcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面 machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooringhard-woodparquetflooringhard-woodroughflooringtonguedandgroovedflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面搁栅joist硬木毛地面企口板地面防酸地面acid-resistantfloorhard-woodparquetflooringhard-woodroughflooringtonguedandgroovedflooring钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2%坡floorwith2%slope集水沟gully集水口gulley

排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppit孔翻边holeupstandcabletrench电缆沟cabletrenchDOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(辛钢)门wooden(steel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoorrollershutterdoorswingdoorslidingdoorside-hungdoorfoldingdoorrevolvingdoorglazeddoorair-Tightdoorthermalinsulatingdoor卷帘门rollershutterdoorswingdoorslidingdoorside-hungdoorfoldingdoorrevolvingdoorglazeddoorair-Tightdoorthermalinsulatingdoor弹簧门推拉门平开门折叠门旋转门玻璃门密闭门保温门镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火门firedoor双扇门（大门上的）小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞structuralopening单扇门singledoor双扇门doubledoor门过梁上冒头下冒头门边木doorlintel疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门过梁上冒头下冒头门边木doorlintel门樘侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow辛钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗（通风为主）sun-bind,louver（louver,shutter,blind）

塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平开窗side-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃 sealeddoubleglazing钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforcedconcretelintelwindowboardmullion钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇casementsash窗台windowboardmullion窗台板窗中梃窗横木窗边木压缝条窗帘盒mutin窗横木窗边木压缝条窗帘盒stilecovermouldcurtainbox合页(铰链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链Parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floorcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass

吸热玻璃磨光玻璃吸热玻璃磨光玻璃着色玻璃玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE,LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stairstaircaseemergencystairstaircaseemergencystairspiralstair(circularstair)craneladderverticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)栏杆railing(balustrade)平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孑L栏杆railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)平台landing(platform)操作平台operatingplatform装卸平台platformforloading&unioading楼梯平台stairlanding客梯passengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯自动扶梯观光电梯电梯机房hydraulicliftescalatorobservationelevatorliftmortarroom电梯坑liftpit电梯井道liftshaftj.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick

瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心砖hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖clinkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugatedasbestoscementsheetcobblegravelcoursesandmediumsandfinesandLime,SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉whitemarble花岗岩granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石砾石粗砂中砂细砂cobblegravelcoursesandmediumsandfinesandCement.MortarandConcrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥（普通硅酸盐水泥）Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆limemortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-limemortar保温砂浆防水砂浆耐酸砂浆耐碱砂浆沥青砂浆thermalmortarwater-proofmortaracid-resistantmortaralkaline-resistantmortarbituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土轻质混凝土细石混凝土沥青混凝土泡沫混凝土炉渣混凝土reinforcedconcreteasphaltfeltasphaltfillerasphaltgroutadhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum钢筋混凝土轻质混凝土细石混凝土沥青混凝土泡沫混凝土炉渣混凝土reinforcedconcreteasphaltfeltasphaltfillerasphaltgroutadhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbestosfiberTimber木材裂缝透裂环裂干缩翘曲原木圆木方木板材木条板条木板红松白松cracksplitshakeshrinkagewarpinglogroundtimbersquaretimberplankbattenlathboardredpinewhitepinelightweightconcretefineaggregateconcreteasphaltconcretefoamedconcretecinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斩假石artificialstone刷浆limewash可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase喷大白浆两道 sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂浆 cementmortarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材沥青填料沥青胶泥冷底子油落叶松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨whitepoplar

桦木冷杉桦木冷杉栋木fir榴木willow榆木杉木榴木willow榆木杉木柚木樟木elmcedarteakcamphorwoodsteelbBarsquaresteelsteelstrap,flatsteelsteelsection(shape)channelanglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-leganglesteelbBarsquaresteelsteelstrap,flatsteelsteelsection(shape)channelanglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI-beam丁(之)字钢T-bar(Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape热轧冷轧冷拉冷压hot-rolledcold-rolledcold-drawncold-pressed防腐处理的木材 Preservative-treatedlumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminatedplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢方钢扁钢型钢槽钢角钢合金钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈钢stainiesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate低碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending

辛钢管steelpipe(tube)无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孑L金属网expandedmetal锰钢managanesesteel高强度合金钢 highstrengthalloysteelNon-FerrousMetal有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver乍吕aluminum铅leadAnti-CorrosionMaterials 防腐蚀材料PVC(polyvinylchloride)polycarbonatepolystyrene聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯聚碳酸酯聚苯乙烯PVC(polyvinylchloride)polycarbonatepolystyrenevinylester丙烯酸树酯 acrylicresinvinylester乙烯基酯橡胶内衬rubberliningneoprene氯丁橡胶沥青漆bitumenpaintneopreneanti-rustpaintacid-resistantpaintalkali-resistantpaintsodiumsilicate环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaintacid-resistantpaintalkali-resistantpaintsodiumsilicate耐酸漆耐碱漆水玻璃树脂砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树脂epoxyresinBuildingHardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板钉 annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screws平头螺丝螺栓bolt普通螺栓高强螺栓预埋螺栓胀锚螺栓flat-headscrewcommercialbolthighstrengthboltinsertboltcinchbolt垫片washeranti-corrosionpaintmixedpaintflatpaintvarnishaluminumpaintPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆调和漆无光漆透明漆银粉漆anti-corrosionpaintmixedpaintflatpaintvarnishaluminumpainttungoil,Chinesewoodoilredleadleadoilputty磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphaltpainttungoil,Chinesewoodoilredleadleadoilputtyk.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)电力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heatpowersupply动力mechanicalpower工艺processtechnology管道pipingConventionalTerms建筑原理建筑形式民用建筑城市建筑农村建筑农业建筑工业建筑重工业的轻工业的古代建筑现代建筑般通用名词architectonicsarchitecturalstylecivilarchitectureurbanarchitectureruralarchitecturefarmbuildingindustrialbuildingheavyindustriallightindustrialancientarchitecturemodernarchitecture标准化建筑standardizedbuildings附属建筑auxiliarybuildings城市规划cityplanning厂区内厂区外封闭式开敞式withinsiteoffsiteclosedtypeopentype半开敞式semi-opentype模数制modularsystem单位造价unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic,quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量货流量人流量透视图trafficvolumefreighttrafficvolumepedestrianvolumeperspectivedrawing建筑模型buildingmodelArchitecturalPhysics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunshinelightintensitysidelighttoplightglaze天然采光naturallighting光强侧光lightintensitysidelighttoplightglaze方位角azimuthradiationconvectionconductionsun-shadethermalinsulation辐射对流传导遮阳保温恒温恒湿噪音隔音吸音露点隔汽顶光眩光方位角azimuthradiationconvectionconductionsun-shadethermalinsulation辐射对流传导遮阳保温恒温恒湿噪音隔音吸音露点隔汽constanttemperatureconstanthumiditynoisesound-proofsoundabsorptiondewpointvapor-proofcivilengineerprocessengineerelectricalengineermechanicalengineerplanningengineerassistantengineerNameOfProfessionalrole职务名称项目经理Projectmanager(PM)设计经理designmanager首席建筑师principalarchitect总工程师chiefengineer土木工程师工艺工程师电气工程师机械工程师计划工程师助理工程师civilengineerprocessengineerelectricalengineermechanicalengineerplanningengineerassistantengineerdraftsmantechnician制图generalspecification实习生Probationer专家draftsmantechnician制图generalspecificationDrafting总说明工程说明Projectspecification采用标准规范目录 listofstandardsandspecificationadopted图纸目录listofdrawings平面图plan局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale...平面示意图 schematicplanof平剖面图 sectionalplanof...

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抛物线centerLinehyperbolaparabola切线tangentLine尺寸线dimensionLine园形环形方形矩形roundannularsquarerectangle平行四边形Parallelogram三角形五角形六角形八角形梯形圆圈弓形扇形trianglepentagonhexagonoctagontrapezoidcirclesagmentsector球形的抛物面圆锥形椭圆形sphericalparaboloidconeellipse,oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/squaremeter千克/立方米kilogram/cubicmeter英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸averagedimension变尺寸variabledimension夕卜形尺寸overalldimension展开尺寸developeddimension

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