2010中考英语总复习阅读理解专项详解-中考真题透视 1

中考英语总复习阅读理解专项详解--中考真题透视1研究近几年全国各省市中考英语试题，我们发现“阅读理解”题呈现出这样几个特点：①题材新颖，原汁原味，趣味性强；②贴近生活实际，极具可读性；③反映社会热点，富于时代气息；④题目设计巧妙，匠心独运；⑤考查能力综合化；⑥选材广泛，信息量大。所涉及内容包罗万象，不仅涉及生活百科，自然科学，而且也触及天文地理，异域风情等。兵法有云：知彼知己，百战不殆。下面就从2003年全国重点省市中考英语试题中精选出具有代表性、权威性的试题，并辅之以解题思路点拨。相信将对同学们决胜中考大有裨益。(1)“选择填空”式Passage1Inthesummerof1978anEnglishmannamedStevenwasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingontheground.Theflattenedwheatformed(形成)acircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Threeyearslaterafarmerwholivednearbydiscoveredalmostthesamecirclesinoneofhisfields.Thesecircleswerelarger—nearly15metersacross.Thatsameyear,anotherEnglishfarmerdiscoveredthreecirclesofflattenedwheatonhisland—onelargecirclebetweentwosmallcircles.Duringthefollowingyears,farmersinEnglandfoundcirclesintheirfieldsmoreandmoreoften.Thecirclesarecalled“cropcircles”becausetheyusuallyappearinfieldsofwheatorcorn.Thewheatinthecirclesliesonthegroundbutisneverbroken;itkeepsongrowing,andthefarmerscanlaterharvestit.Farmersalwaysdiscoverthecropcirclesinthemorning,sothecirclesprobablyformatnight.TheyappearonlyinthemonthsfromMaytoSeptember.Whatcausesthecropcircles?Atfirst,peoplethoughtthatsomekidsweremakingthemasajoke,orthatfarmersweremakingthemtoattracttourists.(Infact,in1991,twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves,butmanyscientistsdon’tbelievethem.)Peopletriedtocopythem:Theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofwheatwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthewheatwithoutbreakingit.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangerobjectsnearthefieldswherecropcircleslaterappeared.Manypeoplebelievethatthesecropcirclesarethemessagessentbylivingthingsfromouterspace(外层空间)orthemarksleftbytheirspaceships.Scientistswhohavestudiedthecropcirclestrytofindoutwhatcausesthem.Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment(最新高科技设备).Theequipment—worth1.8milliondollars—gotnothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafield,cropcirclesformedinthefieldbehindthem,whichwerequitedifferentfromtheothers.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.WhenStevendiscoveredthecropcirclesonhislandin1978,hesaid,“Itwasjustlikesomethingthathadlandedinthefieldfromtheairandgonebackupagain.Idon’tknowwhattomakeofthesethings.”CropcircleshaveappearedinEngland,Japan,theUnitedStatesandRussia.Expertsfromallovertheworldhavestudiedthem,andtheysaywhatStevensaid:Theydon’tknowwhattomakeofthesethings.1.Whichpictureisprobablytheoneformedinthefieldbehindthescientists?2.“Flattenedwheat”means___________.A.brokenwheatB.lyingwheatC.harvestedwheatD.growingwheat3.Thepassageismainlyaboutsomething___________.A.thatisdonebylivingthingsfromouterspaceB.thatcannotbesolvedbutfoundallaroundtheworldC.thatcannotbemadeclearorunderstoodD.thatisdiscoveredandcopiedbythefarmers(选自2003年北京西城区试题)【解题思路点拨】这篇阅读材料属于难度较大的拉档题，介绍了“庄稼圆圈”这个尚未揭开的世界之谜。1978年，一位名叫Steven的英国农民在麦田里发现倒伏的小麦形成的一个直径6米的大圆圈，而且在它的周围还环绕着四个小圆。后来，其它农民陆续发现类似情况，只不过圆的大小和分布不同而已。据目击者称，“庄稼圆圈”通常在6月至9月份出现，且在早上被发现。更让人感到惊讶的是，倒伏的小麦并未折断，还在继续生长。有人猜测这是外星人所为，或许是他们的飞船留下的痕迹。后来，在日本、美国和俄罗斯等国家也发现了“庄稼圆圈”。科学家们使用最新的设备进行了跟踪调查和研究，结果一无所获。1.A。解答此题，必须依次弄清田地里留下的圆圈的形状。1978年发现的是中间有一个直径约为6米的大圆，周围分布着4个小些的圆。即如图B中的样子。三年后另一农民发现的几个直径约为15米的大圆，他们几乎差不多大，即如图D所示的那样。就在同一年，又有一个农民发现三个圆，一个大些，另两个小，大圆在小圆的中间，如图C所示。而科学家身后的圆圈与别的都不同，由此可以找到答案A。2.B。只有真正理解短文所述的内容之后，才能判断出短语“Flattenedwheat”的确切意思。实际上，文中第三自然段中“Thewheatinthecirclesliesonthegroundbutisneverbroken;itkeepsongrowing,andthefarmerscanlaterharvestit.”一句已对此短语的意思有所暗示。由这几句话，可知小麦既不是折断了的，也不是在生长的，更不是已收获的小麦。3.C。短文中提到很多人相信这是外星人所为(Manypeoplebelievethatthesecropcirclesarethemessagessentbylivingthingsfromouterspaceorthemarksleftbytheirspaceships.)，但是他们并没有证据。因此A项不对。虽然很多地方都发现过“庄稼圆圈”，但并不是在全世界都有，短文中列举了三个国家。故B项不对。短文中提到有的农民声称是他们干的，但也予以了否定。由此，C项是最佳答案。通盘考虑全篇的意思，人们不懂得为什么麦田里会出现这种现象，科学家们也没有弄清原因。短文的最后一段说的也是这个意思。Passage2Winterisdangerousbecauseit’ssodifficulttoknowwhatisgoingtohappenandaccidentstakeplacesoeasily.Fogcanbewaitingtomeetyouoverthetopofahill.Icemightbehidingunderthemelting(融化)snow,waitingahead(前面)tosendyouofftheroad.Thecarcomingtoyoumaysuddenlyslipacrosstheroad.RuleNumberOnefordrivingonicyroadsistodrivesmoothly(平稳地).Suddenmovementscanmakeacarverydifficulttocontrol.Soeverytimeyoueitherstartorstopyourcar,increaseorreduceyourspeed,youmustbeasgentleandslowaspossible.Supposeyouaredrivingwithafullcupofhotcoffeeontheseatnexttoyou.Drivesothatyouwouldn’tspill(溅)it.RuleNumberTwoistopayattentiontowhatmighthappen.Themoreicethereis,thefurtherdowntheroadyouhavetolook.Testhowlongittakestogentlystopyourcar.Rememberthatyoumaybedrivingmorequicklythanyouthink.Generally,allowtwiceofyourusualstoppingdistancewhentheroadiswet,threetimesthisdistanceonsnow,andevenmoreonice.Trytostayincontrolofyourcaratalltimeandyouwillnotgetintotrouble.(选自2003年上海市试题)1.Thewritertriesto_____inthispassage.A.showhisdislikesaboutbadwinterweatherB.giveinformationaboutwinterweatherC.askpeoplenottodriveinwinterD.advisepeopleaboutsafedrivinginwinter2.Peoplecan_____afterreadingthispassage.A.findoutabouttheweatherB.getsomeinformationondrivinglessonsC.learnaboutbetterdrivingD.decidewhichisthebestseasonfortraveling3.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinksthat_______.A.peopleshouldnotdriveinthesnowB.driversshouldthinkmoreaboutproblemsinwinterdrivingC.peopledrivetoofastinwinterD.winterdriversshouldstoptheircarsless4.Inthepassagehewritertalksaboutacupofcoffee______.A.toshowhowimportantsmoothmovementsareB.toaskthedriverstobringsomesoftdrinkswiththemC.totellthedriverstobemorerelaxedD.toshowhowitanbespilled5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Trafficaccidentstakeplaceeasilyinwinter.B.Fogandmeltingsnowoftencausecaraccidents.C.Thestoppingdistanceoniceisaslongastheusualone.D.Inwinteryoushoulddriveyourcarwithgreatcare.6.Whichtrafficsignshowsthemainideaofthepassage?【解题思路点拨】这篇说明文的大体意思是：由于受山顶上弥漫的大雾或者融雪下面的冰等等因素的影响，冬季是易发生事故的危险季节。为了行驶安全，要遵循两个原则：一是平稳驾驶。加速或煞车时，动作要尽可能地轻缓一些。二是提防可能会发生的任何事情。路面上的雪越多，就应该把视线放得更远些。当路面出现潮湿，有雪、冰等情况时，将车停下来所需要的时间是不同的。随时准备控制车辆的运行，驾驶员就不会遇到麻烦。1.D.根据文中的“RuleNumberOnefordrivingonicyroadsis…”和“RuleNumberTwoistopayattentionto…”这两句句不难看出，短文的主要内容是就如何在冬季安全驾驶这一问题，向司机们提出的两点建议。故答案为D。2.C.考虑到安全问题，作者提出了在各种恶劣天气条件下开车的注意事项。读完本文后，人们自然可以更好地驾驶自己的汽车了。所以答案是C。3.B.由短文所讲述的内容可知，作者教给人们如何在冰雪上谨慎驾驶及如何平稳地煞车。由此，可以将A、C、D三项予以排除。本题的答案亦可直接从“RuleNumberTwoistopayattentiontowhatmighthappen.”一句中判断出来。4.A.作者在短文中说到平稳驾驶时，让人们启动、停车或加速、减速时，动作要轻缓。并举了一个例子，即在座位上放一杯热咖啡，以溅不出来咖啡为宜。用这个例子借以告诉人们平稳驾驶的重要性。5.C.A、B两项的意思在短文的首段可以找到。由短文大意可知，冬季是交通事故容易发生的季节，因此冬季开车应格外小心，故D项也是正确的。实际上，由“Generally,allowtwiceofyourusualstoppingdistancewhentheroadiswet,threetimesthisdistanceonsnow,andevenmoreonice.”可以排除C项。另外，通过常识，也可以判断C项(煞车后，车在冰上向前滑行的距离与在平常路面上是一样的)是明显错误的。6.B.短文主要是讲如何在冰雪天气里安全驾驶的。由此可将C项(前方有交通事故，减速慢行)和D项(前方修路，谨慎驾驶)筛选掉。而文中也没有提及A项(前方有雾，减速慢行)所表达的意思。故答案非B莫属。Passage3Fourmenwhowouldbecomefatherswereinahospitalwaitingroomwhiletheirwiveswereinlabor(分娩).Thenursearrivedandproudlysaidtothefirstman,“Congratulations,sir.You’rethefatheroftwins!”“Whatacoincidence(巧合)!IworkfortheMinnesotaTwinsBaseballteams!”Laterthenursereturnedandcongratulatedthesecondfatheronthebirthofhistriplets(三胞胎).“Wow!That’sunbelievable!Iworkforthe3MCompany.”Anhourlater,thenursereturnedtocongratulatethethirdmanonthebirthofhisquadruplets(四胞胎).Surprised,heonlycouldanswer,“Idon’tbelieveit!IworkfortheFourSeasonsHotel!”Afterthis,everyoneturnedtothefourthmanwhohadjustfainted(晕).Thenurseranfasttohisside.Asheslowlycametohimself,theycouldhearhimspeakinaverylowvoiceoverandover,“Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.”1.Whywerethefathersthere?A.Theywerewaitingfortheirwives.B.Theywereseeingdoctors.C.Theywerewaitingfortheirbabiestobeborn.D.Theywereworkingatmennursesthere.2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthethirdman?A.Hethoughtthenursemadeamistake.B.Hewasverysurprisedatthenurse’swords.C.Hedidn’twanttohavethesebabies.D.Heshouldneverhaveworkedat7-Eleven.3.Whydidthefourthmanfaintwhenheheardwhatthenursetoldthethirdman?A.Hewwasafraidofhavingsomanybabies.B.Hewasseriouslyill.C.Hewastooexcited.D.Hewasverygladtohave7babies.4.Atleasthowmanybabieswouldbebornaccordingtothestory?A.9.B.10.C.11.D.14.(选自2003年湖北省黄石市试题)【解题思路点拨】这个趣味短篇讲述了这样一件事：四个男子在产房外等待各自的妻子生孩子。结果，在theMinnesotaTwins棒球队效力的男人的妻子生下了一对双胞胎。在the3MCompany上班的男人的妻子生下了三胞胎。而在四季旅馆工作的男人的妻子生下了四胞胎。听到护士的介绍之后，那个在7-Eleven公司做事的男人晕了过去。原来，联想到前三人的工作单位和他们的妻子所生孩子的数目，第四个人生怕自己的妻子生下七个孩子。等他苏醒过来之后，不住地唠叨，“我真不该在7-Eleven上班。”读罢全文，让人捧腹大笑。1.C。短文首句的意思是“在一所医院的候诊室里，四个即将做爸爸的男人等待着各自的妻子分娩(孩子的降生)。”所以答案是C。2.B。“Surprised,heonlycouldanswer…”一句是解题的依据。因为这个人在四季旅馆工作，D项明显是错误的；此人的话语中也没有体现C项的意思；综合考虑上面两个人的经历，及“Idon’tbelieveit!IworkfortheFourSeasonsHotel!”可知A项也不能入选。3.A。如果是很高兴拥有七个孩子的话，第四个人就不至于说出“Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.”这句话。这个人是在听到第三则消息的时候才晕倒的，并不是病得厉害。由“Asheslowlycametohimself…”(苏醒过来)也可以将B项排除。根据这个人再三重复的那句话，不难推测出他是害怕拥有那些么多的孩子。4.B。根据前面三个人的经历，第四个人便依次类推，认为自己的妻子会生下七个孩子。如果事情真的巧合的话，也许会是这样。但依据生活常识，这个人的妻子至少会生下一个妻子，算上已经降生的九个孩子，总共是十个。所以答案非D莫属。本题是一道考查学生推断能力的好题目，但选项设计不够合理，通读全文就会很容易排除前三个选项。所以如果将四个选项设计成：A.9.B.10.C.11.D.16.这样会增加题目的迷惑性，更能考查学生的逻辑推理能力。Passage4ItissometimessaidthattheEnglisharepolitepeople.Thiscanmakelifedifficultforforeigners.SupposeaforeignboyasksanEnglishgirltogooutwithhimandshesays,“IfIfinishmywork,I’llmeetyouinthecafeat7o’clock.”Isshesaying“yes”or“no”tohisinvitation?Ingrammaticalterms,sheisusingtheconditionalstructure.Byusingtheconditional,speakersofEnglishcanavoidgivinga“yes”or“no”answertoaquestion.Itenablespeopletobediplomatic.Ifthegirldoesn’twanttogooutwiththeboy,shewon’tturnupatthecafe.Shewilllethimunderstandsheisstillworking.Ifshewantstogooutwithhim,butdoesn’twanttoappeartooeasytocatch,shehasachievedthatwithherreply.Butinthiscase,assheusesthefirstconditionalthatshowsprobability;sheisquitelikelytoturnupatthecafe.Beingpolitecanmakelifeverydifficult!Theconditionalisoftenusedbypeopleinthenews—politicians,forexample—whowishtoavoidspeakingouttheirideas.Thisisveryimportantiftheyareontheirwaytodiscussanagreement.Noonewantstogiveawayhisorherpointsbeforeheorshestarts.Agovernmentspokesmanmightsaytoagroupofworkers,“Ifwecouldpayyoumore,wewould.”Theuseoftheconditionalheremakesroomforargumentalthoughthespeakerisusingthesecondconditionalform,whichshowsimprobability.Soitisunlikelytheworkerswillgettheirrise.“If”isasmallword,whichappearsoftenintheEnglishlanguage.Itcanshowpoliteness,reportedspeechandconditionalssuchastheFirst--probability--ifIcancometoyourparty,Iwill;theSecond--improbability--ifIsawyoutomorrow,I’dgiveyouthebook;andtheThird--impossibility(meaningitistoolatetochangesomethingthathashappened)--ifyouhavetoldme,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.注：conditionalstructure表示条件的句式avoid避免diplomatic婉转的achieve达到politician政客1.Theusingoftheconditionalcanmakeaspeech_________.A.clearerB.QuickerC.morepoliteD.moreexciting2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Languageusedinthenewsshouldmakeroomtoargue.B.UsuallyEnglishgirlsarenoteasytocatch.C.Englishpeopleneverspeakouttheirideasinpublic.D.Theword“if”canshowdifferentmeanings.3.Inthepassage,“Ifwecouldpayyoumore,wewould.”probablymeans__________.A.theworkerswillmakemoremoneyB.thespokesmandoesn’tgiveanypromiseC.thespokesmankeepshiswordD.theworkers’problemsaren’tdifficult4.Thispassageismainlytalkingabout_________.A.theconditionalincommunicationB.howtoinviteagirlinBritainC.BritishpeopleandtheirlifeD.somelanguagepointsindailyEnglish(选自2003年北京海淀区试题)【解题思路点拨】这篇夹叙夹议的小品文难度颇大。短文就条件句在人际交往中的运用这一内容展开。在日常生活中，英国人是很讲礼貌的，他们通常使用表示条件的句式，以便使说出的话更委婉些。条件句的使用固然能使双方都不失体面，但它实际上非但不能使谈话的内容更加清楚，而且使得生活变得困难起来。条件句通常为政客所用，这样可以给他们的谈话留有商量的余地。文章最后讲到“if”这个词的众多含义，它不仅表示委婉和可能性，还能表示不大可能，甚至表示不可能。1.C。短文首句就说英国人很有礼貌。在接下来的第二自然段中，作者举例说明了英国人使用条件句的目的，那就是为了使自己的谈话委婉些。考虑到“…assheusesthefirstconditionalthatshowsprobability.”和“Beingpolitecanmakelifeverydifficult!”这两句话的含义，可知条件句的使用并不能使谈话的内容更加清楚。恰恰相反，它使得生活变得困难起来。由此，迷惑性较大的A项可予以排除。2.D。由短文第三自然段所举的例子，可以推断出作者对政客们的这种做法是持否定态度的，所以选项A是错误的。选项B仅仅从短文中举的一个例子就得出结论，未免太片面了些。而C项所讲的意思以偏概全，也是不合文意的。短文第四自然段详细说明了if一词的不同含义，它不仅仅可以表示礼貌，用在间接引语中，而且也可以表示可能性、不大可能，或者不可能。故D项是正确的。3.B。由“Theuseoftheconditionalheremakesroomforargumentalthoughthespeakerisusingthesecondconditionalform,whichshowsimprobability.”这句话，可以看出条件句的使用给政客们所说的话留有商量的余地。换句话说，政客们表面上好像答应了工人们的请求，实际上并没有给出什么承诺。因此，只有B才是正确的答案。4.A。短文从一个英国女孩被邀请时的答语，说到政客们的所谓许诺。我们从中不难看出短文的主旨，那就是条件句在日常交际中的运用。不言而喻，答案非A莫属。Passage5Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpests(昆虫)havetheirspecialcolors?Colorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts(蝗虫),butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops.Whencropsaregreen,locustslookgreen.Butastheharvesttimecomes,locustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshave.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallife,you’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotectthemselves.Bears,lionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters(猎人).Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees.Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?Akindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid(液体)whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover(散开),itsenemies(敌人)cannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.1.Fromthepassagewelearnthatlocusts________.A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves2.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies.C.Theyhidethemselvesbydayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.3.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause_________.A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests4.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisveryandstrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.5.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPests(选自2003年河北省试题)【解题思路点拨】这是一篇科技小品文。其主要内容是：许多昆虫的颜色十分奇特，其主要用途是用来保护自己。蝗虫身体的颜色随庄稼颜色的改变而做相应变化，这样就不易被捕食它们的鸟儿发现。有的动物与周围的植物颜色差别很明显，容易被捕食者察觉，只好夜间出来活动。更奇特的是，有一种鱼，在遇到危险时，会喷射出黑色液体，以掩护自己逃走。1.D。短文第二自然段一开始讲述的是蝗虫随庄稼颜色的改变而改变自身的颜色。联系“…butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.”这句话即可得出答案。2.C。本题所设的问题是：与周围植物颜色差别明显的昆虫如何逃避危险？第二自然段最后的“Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.”这句话是答案的出处。3.A。这也是一道考查表层理解能力的题目。由第三自然段最后的“Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees.”这句话可以找到答案。4.B.根据“Whiletheliquidspreadsover,itsenemiescannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.”这两句话可知，这种鱼喷射出黑色液体的目的是让对方看不清自己，然后乘势逃走。另外，由“…itsenemiescannotfindit.”可知，这种液体并不是用来杀伤对手的。所以答案是B。5.C.根据短文的叙述和列举的例子，显然可以看出它主要讲的是不同昆虫和动物身上的颜色的用途。换句话说，该短文是关于动物是如何用颜色来保护自己的。而A项中说的动物身上颜色的改变，B项中讲的不同动物身上的颜色，这两项虽然也是短文表达的意思，但并不能概括作者向我们表达的主要意思。故不可入选。Passage6It’simportanttolearnaboutprotectingourenvironment.Hereisa5Rruleforus:1.ReduceIfyouwanttoreducewaste,youshouldusethingswisely(明智地).Alargenumberoftreesarebeingcutdowntomakepaper.Ifeveryoneusesalittlepapercarelesslyandthrowitout,soonwewouldnothaveanytreesleft.Otherthingsarealsobeingwasted,andpeopledon’tknowwhattodowiththewasteinbigcities.Soitisnecessarytoreducethewaste.2.ReuseYoushouldalwaysthinkofreusingtheusablethingsbeforethrowingthemout.Giveyourclothesyoudonotuseortheoneswhichtoosmalltothepoor.Inafamily,youmaypassonsuchclothestoyoungerbrothersorsisters.3.RecycleBottles,cans(罐子)andpapercaneasilyberecycled.Bydoingsowesavelotsoftimeandmoney.Forexample,cokecansaresenttoafactory,wheretheyaresmashedflat(压平)andmelted(融化)andthemetalthingsaremadefornewcokecans.4.RecoverWhenyoubuyaboxofapples,theremaybefewrotten(腐烂的)apples,youhavetwochoices:oneistothrowthewholeapplesaway,oryoucouldcutofftherottenpartsandusethegoodparts.Inthisway,youarerecoveringtheeatablepartsoffood.5.RepairIfoneofthebegsofyourtableisbroken,youcanrepairit.Ifyouwanttochangeforbetterones,itisbetterforyoutoselltheoldthingsorgivethemtootherpeoplewhocanusethemafterdoingsomerepair.ItistruethatNorthAmericaisa“throw-away”society,butthetimehascometochangeourwayoflifesothatwecanprotectourenvironment.Everyoneofusshouldtryourbest.1.The“Reduce”rulemainlyrequires(要求)us_______.A.tousethingswiselyB.tocutdownmanytreesC.tousealotofpaperD.tothrowawayyouroldclothes2.What’stherightorder(顺序)ofrecyclingcokecans?a.collecttheusedcansb.meltthemc.smashthemflatd.sendthemtoafactoryA.abcdB.adcbC.dbcaD.cabd3.The“Recover”rulemainlyrequiresus_______.A.tothrowwastethingsawayB.tocoverwastethingswithearthC.togetbacktheusefulpartsD.tothrowthewholethingsaway5.Whichisthebestwaytodowithyourbrokentables?A.Throwingthemaway.B.Requiringthem.C.Sellingthem.D.Puttingthemaway.(选自2003年湖北省黄冈市试题)【解题思路点拨】对生存在地球上的人类来说，保护环境是非常重要的。这篇短文贴近生活，富有时代气息。全文详细介绍了“5R”方法的具体内容和做法。对增强青少年学生的环保意识具有十分重要的意义。1.A.显然，这道题是关于“Reduce”的。根据这段话的首句“Ifyouwanttoreducewaste,youshouldusethingswisely(明智地).”可知答案是A。2.B.题目的要求是，根据回收易拉罐的程序，选出正确的顺序。那么回收易拉罐的具体步骤是什么呢？根据“Recycle”这部分的内容，我们可以知道：首先要将易拉罐送到工厂去，然后在那儿将其压平、融化，最后再制成新的易拉罐。联系生活常识，可知在将易拉罐送往工厂之前，是由人专门将其收集到一起的。因此，正确的顺序应该是：收集旧的易拉罐---送到工厂---压平---融化。显然答案非B莫属。3.C.“Recover”这部分的主要意思是说：如果食物存在部分变质的情况，要及早采取措施，扔掉已经坏掉的部分，保留可以吃的部分。根据这层意思，可知C为正确答案。4.B.本题难度不大，可以从短文中直接找出答案。答案就在“Ifoneofthebegsofyourtableisbroken,youcanrepairit.”一句中。Passage7To:PresidentBush,theWhiteHouseFrom:SaddamHussein,inBaghdadDearPresidentBush,Well,yousureruined(毁掉)mybirthday….OK,youwon,andyourprizeisIraq.Areyoureadyforit?Idon’tthinkso.Truthis,Ihopeyoufail.Yes,Iraqwasthewayitwas,inpart,becauseIwasthewayIwas---andIwasabadboy.Butwhatyou’reseeingnowisthatIwasthewayIwas,inpart,becauseIraqwaswhatitis---averydifficultplacetorule(统治)withoutanironfist(铁拳).Yousee,IknowtheIraqpeopledidn’twantme.Andyouwillsoonfi