新视野第大学英语读写教程2 (第三版) unit 5 课文原文

新视野第大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit5课文原文新视野第大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit5课文原文新视野第大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit5课文原文xxx公司新视野第大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit5课文原文文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Spendorsave—Thestudent'sdilemma1

Doyoufeelasconfusedand

manipulated

asIdowiththisquestion,"ShouldIspendorshouldIsave"

Ithinkthatthemessageswegetfromourenvironmentseemto

defy

commonsenseand

contradict

eachother.

Thegovernmenttellsustospendorwe'llnevergetoutofthe

recession.

Atthesametime,theytellusthatunlesswesavemore,ourcountryisin

grave

danger.

Banksofferhigherinterestratessoweincreasesavings.

Thenthesamebankssenduscreditcardofferssowecanspendmore.2

Here'sanotherfamiliarexample:Ifwedon'tpayourcreditcardbillontime,wegetdemanding,

nasty

emailsfromthecreditcardcompanysayingsomethinglike:"Yourfailuretopayisunacceptable.Payimmediatelyoryou'llbeintrouble!"

Then,assoonaswepay,wegetafollow-upemailinacharming

tone

tellingushowvaluableacustomerweareandencouragingusto

resume

spending.Which

depiction

iscorrect:afailingconsumerintroubleoravaluedcustomer?

The

gap

betweenthesetwomessagesisenormous.3

The

paradox

isthateverydaywegettwosetsofmessagesat

odds

witheachother.

Oneisthe"permissive"

perspective,"Buy,spend,getitnow.Youneedthis!"

Theotherwecouldcallan

"upright"

message,which

urges

us,"Workhardandsave.

Suspend

yourdesires.Avoidluxuries.Controlyour

appetite

formorethanyoutrulyneed."

Thismessagecomestousfrommanysources:fromschool,fromparents,evenfrompoliticalfiguresreferringto"traditionalvalues".

Hardwork,familyloyalty,andthecapacitytopostponedesiresarecoreAmericanvaluesthathavemadeourcountrygreat.4

Buttheoppositemessage,advertising'spermissivemessage,isinescapable.

Thoughsometimes

disguised,themessagesareeverywherewelook:onTV,inmoviesonprintedmediaandroadsigns,instores,andonbusses,trainsandsubways.

Advertisementsinvade

ourdailylives.

Weareconstantlysurroundedbythemessagetospend,spend,spend.

Someonerecentlysaid,"Theonlytimeyoucanescapeadvertisingiswhenyou'reinyourbedasleep!"5

It'sbeencalculatedthatbytheageof18,theaverageAmericanwillhaveseen600,000ads;bytheageof40,thetotalisalmostonemillion.

Eachadvertisementisdoingits

utmost

toinfluenceourdiversebuyingdecisions,fromthebreakfast

cereal

weeattowhichcruise

linewewilluseforourvacation.

Thereisno

shortage

ofideasandthingstobuy!

Now,ofcourse,wedon'trememberexactlywhattheproductswere,buttheessentialmessageis

cemented

intoourconsciousness,"It'sgoodtosatisfyyourdesires.Youshouldhavewhatyouwant.Youdeservethebest.So,youshouldbuyit—now!"

Afamousadvertisementsaiditperfectly,"Iloveme.I'magoodfriendtomyself.Idowhatmakesmefeelgood.I

derive

pleasurefromnicethingsandfeel

nourished

bythem.Iusedtoputthingsoff.Notanymore.TodayI'llbuynewskiequipment,lookatnew

compact

cars,andbuythatcameraI'vealwayswanted.Ilivemydreamstoday,nottomorrow."6

Whathappensaswetakeinthesecontradictorybut

explicit

messages?

Whatarethepsychologicalandsocialconsequencesofthiscampaigntocontrolourspendinghabits?

Ononehand,wewantmorethingsbecausewewanttosatisfyourmaterialappetite.

Mostofusderivepleasurefromtreatingourselves.

Ontheotherhand,alittlevoiceinsideus

echoes

thoseuprightmessages:"Watchout,takestock

ofyourlife,don'tletyourattentionget

scattered.Postponeyourdesires.Don'tfallintodebt.Wait!

Retain

controloveryourownlife.Itwillmakeyoustronger."7

Anyway,manyoftheskillsyouneedasasuccessfulstudentcanbeappliedtoyourfinances.

Consideryourfinancial

well-being

asakey

ingredient

ofyouruniversityeducationasmoneyworriesareextremelystressfulanddistracting.

Theycanmakeyoufeelterribleand

hinder

yourabilitytofocusonyourprimeobjective:successfullycompletingyoureducation.8

Howcanyoubeasmartandeducatedconsumer?

Manyschools,communityorganizations,andevensomebanksofferfinancialliteracyclasses.

Consider

consulting

withyourschool'sfinancialaidofficeorseek

input

fromyourparentsorotherrespectedadultsinsettingupabudget.

Anadditional

option

isfindingapartnertohelpyoustayontrackandfindpleasureinthe

administration

ofyourownfinancialaffairs.

Mostimportantly,ifyoufindyourselfgettingintofinancialtrouble,don'tletyour

ego

getinyourway;

urgently

gethelpwith

tackling

yourproblembeforeitspinsoutofcontrolandlandsyouin

le