2021届河南省洛阳市第一中学高三上学期第五次周练英语试题

河南省洛阳市第一中学2021届高三上学期第五次周练英语试题命题人： 审题人：第一部分阅读理解（共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分）TriptoItalyforSpring2019/Fall2019TransferStudents!Don'tmissyourchancetoexploreoneoftheworld'smostdistinctivecountrieswherehistory,cultureandcuisinecombineforanunforgettableexperience!Viewfamousart.visithistoricsites,discoveruniqueneighborhocxisandoutdoormarkets,andrelaxinanoutdoorcafe.Thetripwillconsistof3-4daysinRomefollowedbybustransportationtoFlorencefor3-4days.Additionally,aone-daytriptoSienna,PisaorSanGimignanowillbeincluded.Topicstobecoveredduringthetripinclude:CultureandLanguage,Art,LiteratureandHistory.Whatdoesthetripexperienceinclude?RoundtripairfareandgroundtransportationProgrammedactivitiesTotalvalueoftheprogramismorethan$2,800.butisofferedtofull-timeSpring2019/Fall2019transfersforonly$550.•Whoiseligible（符合条件）forthetrip?AllnewtransferstudentswhoenterArcadiainSpring2019/Fall2019canparticipateintheprogram.Whowillaccompanytransferstudents?Eachgroupof20transferstudentswilltravelabroadwithonefacully（教员）andonestaffmember.Isthisprogramrestrictedtostudentsinspecificmajors?Theprogramisopentotransferstudentsinallmajors.ContactColleneHformoreinformation.WhichofthefollowingiswhatthestudentswilldoinItaly?A.GotoFlorencebyair. B.StayinRomemostofthetime.C.VisitSienna,PisaandSanGimignano.D.GotoFlorenceaftertheirtourofRome.HowwillthestudentsgotoItaly?A.Byplane.B.Byship.C.Bybus.D.Bytrain.Whomistheprogramfor?A.AlltransferstudentsinArcadia. B.NewtransferstudentsinArcadia.C.StudentsofallmajorsinArcadia. D.StudentsandteachersinArcadia.BTolearnnewthings,wemustsometimesfail.Butwhafstherightamountoffailure?NewresearchledbytheUniversityofArizonaproposesamathematicalanswertothatquestion.Educatorshavelongrecognizedthatthereissomethingofa"sweetspot'*whenitcomestolearning.Thatis,welearnbestwhenwearechallengedtograspsomethingjustoutsideofourexistingknowledge.Whenachallengeistoosimple,wedon'llearnanythingnew;likewise,wedon'texpandourknowledgewhenachallengeissodifficultthatwefailentirelyorgiveup.Sowheredoesthesweetspotlie?Accordingtothenewstudy,it'swhenfailureoccurs15%ofthetime.Putanotherway,it'swhentherightanswerisgiven85%ofthetime.ResearchersattheUniversityofArizonacameupwiththeso-called”85%Rule1*afterconductingaseriesofmachine-learningexperimentsinwhichtheytaughtcomputerssimpletasks,suchasclassifyingdifferentpatternsintooneoftwocategories.Thecomputerslearnedfastestinsituationsinwhichthedifficultywassuchthattheyrespondedwith85%accuracy.MIfyouhaveanerrorrateof15%oraccuracyof85%,youarealwaysmaximizingyourrateoflearninginthesetwo-choicetasks；*saidProfessorRobertWilson.Whenwethinkabouthowhumanslearn,the85%Rulewouldmostlylikelyapplytoperceptual（感知的beaming,inwhichwegraduallylearnthroughexperienceandexamples,Wilsonsaid.Imagine,forinstance,aradiologist（放射科医生beamingtotellthedifferencebetweenimagesoftumors（肿瘤）andnon-tumors.MYouneedexamplestogetbetteratfiguringoutthere'satumorinanimage,°Wilsonsaid.HIfIgivereallyeasyexamples,youget100%rightallthetimeandthere'snothinglefttolearn.Yoifrenotgoingtobetakingasmuchfromthatasasituationwhereyouarestnigglingalittlehit.IfIgivereallyhardexamples,you'llhe50%correctandstillnotlearninganythingnew,whileifIgiveyousomethinginbetween,youcanheatthissweetspotwhereyouaregettingthemostinformationfromeachparticularexample.HWhichofthefollowingislinkedwiththesweetspot?A.15percentaccuracy. B.50percentaccuracy.C.85percentaccuracy. D.100percentright.Whydidtheresearchersteachcomputerssimpletasks?Tofindoutwherethesweetspotlies.Toseehowwellcomputerscarryouttasks.Tocomparetheresultsoftheirexperiments.Toconductsomeresearchonmachinelearning.WhatisthepurposeoftheHexamplesHmentionedinthelastparagraph?Toteachwhattodointhetreatmentoftumors.Toteachhowtodeterminethereisatumor.Tohelptorememberwhatislearned.Tohelptolearnhowatumordevelops.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemosteffectivewayoflearning?A.Nottakingfailuretooseriously. B.Learningthroughexperienceandexamples.C.Stnigglingalittlebit,butnottoomuch. D.Learningthingsthatarecompletelynew.第二部分语言运用（共两行，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Strengthandgrowthcomewheneverunpredictableandevenwhenoneisindespair.Formepersonally,Icanwritefordaysaboutmanydifferentsituationswhereadversity（逆境）8mylife.NowletmetellyouoneexperiencewhereIalmostletdifficulty9Wehadaglassstudio,whichwaslocated50feetfromourhome.Acoupleofyearsagoweexperiencedan/a10winter:wehadalotofsnowandiceandowingtothe 11 oftheiceandsnow,theroofonourstudio12,takingwithitoneofoursourcesofincome. 13 itdidfalldown,wegotontheroofandtriedto14thesnowandice,butwhenyouhave5feetoficeandtemperaturesofminus20Celsius,itwaspretty15todo.Wehadapartnercomeintohelpustryto16theroofbysupportingit.Intheend.therewas17thatcouldbedone.Theroofcamedown.Wehadmovedalotofourgoodsandtoolsfromthestudio18westilllostalot:glass,kilns,workbenches,tonameonlyafewoftheitems.Itwasa/an19experience.Herewewereinthemiddleofwinterwithourstudiodestroyed.Thesituationwasreally20ourpreparations.Wecouldhavedoneoneoftwothings:wecouldsimply21ourglassbusiness.Letmetellyouthiswascertainlythethoughtthat22ourmindsfirst.Orwecouldfindawaytogetourstudiobackupandnmning.

Wepickedthe23 option.Wehadalargebamthatwewerenotusing.Soweredecoratedandrefurnishedthebarn,24 ourworkingareaandtodaywehaveanicerstudiothanwe25had.Iftheadversitywewere26hadnothappened,weprobablywould27beworkingintheoldstudio—astudiothatwaslessefficient.第二节（共10第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分）8.A.influencedB.promotedC.destroyed□.prevented9.A.sufferB.escapeC.workD.win10.A.awfulB.coldC.whiteD.awkward11.A.sizeB.heightC.weight0.temperature12.A.collapsedB.limitedC.pressedD.struck13.A.BeforeB.UnlessC.AlthoughD.When14.A.replaceB.reduceC.recycleD.remove15.A.worthwhileB.toughC.rewardingD.annoying16.A.examineB.testC.restoreD.secure17.A.nothingB.enoughC.allD.something18.A.forB.soC.orD.but19.A.valuableB.disastrousC.unforgettableD.treasured20.A.beyondB.withinC.acrossD.through21.A.predictB.conductC.instnictD.quit22.A.twistcdB.approachedC.crossedD.clcarcd23.A.harderB.latterC.easierD.further24.A.beautifyingB.purifyingC.modernizing0.cheapening25.A.desperatelyB.previouslyC.eventuallyD.hopefully26.A.cautiousaboutB.concernedaboutC.facedwithD.awareof27.A.everB.stillC.even0.already阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面材料,Whileitisnosecretthatoperatingacellphonebehindthewheelcanhe28 (danger),itisoftenthoughtthatthereis 29(little)riskifdriversuseahands-freecellphone.Newresearchshowsthatdrivingusingahands-freecellphone 30 (be)justasriskyasusingahandheldcellphone.Infact,itiscomparabletodrunkdriving!ResearchersfromtheUniversityofUtahhavefoundthatdriverswhousebothhandheldandhands-freecellphonesareasdistracted(分心)asdrunkdrivers.Accordingto31research,driverswhousecellphonesaremorelikelytodelay 32 (brake)andgetintoaccidents.Inthestudy,40participantsusedthedrivingsimulator(模拟器)，PatrolSim.33(test)fourdifferentdrivingconditions:notdistracted,usingahandheldcellphone,usingahands-freecellphone,anddrunk.Thedrivingsimulatorfollowedanothercarthatbrakedoccasionallytotesttheparticipant'sreactionlevels.Duringthedrunkdrivingtrial,theparticipants34(instruct)todrinkvodkaandorangejuiceuntil35 (they)bloodalcohollevelreached0.08-theminimumlevelthatdefines(定义)drunkdrivinginmostoftheU.S.Thestudyalsosupportsearlierresearch,36showedthathands-freecellphoneswerenotlessdistractingthanhandheldcellphones.Thedistractionanddangerappeartocomenotfromthetechnologyused37 fromtheconversationitself.第三部分写作(满分25分)你所在的学校英语俱乐部在组织成员交流各自的职业规划，请以“MyDreamJob”为题，写一篇英语短文，内容包括：.你的职业规划以及选择这个职业的理由：•你现在做什么准备来实现你的梦想？注意：写作词数为100左右。MyDreamJob2020.10.11英语周练答案阅读AD根据“Thetripwillconsistof3-4daysinRomefollowedbybustransportationtoFlorencefor3-4days."可确定答案。根据“aone-daytriptoSienna,PisaorSanGimignanowillbeincluded”可排除选项c（注意or）。A根据"RoundtripairfareM可确定答案。B根据“AHnewtransferstudentswhoenterArcadiainSpring2019/Fall2019canparticipate