2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(山东卷)解析

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分 50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APOETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.PrizesGrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?Two.Three.Four.Six.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?Aplaneticket.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.AspecialT-shirt.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?Typingyourpoemout.Writingapoemof120words.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】 1.A 2.C 3.B【解析】 本文为应用文，内容为诗歌竞赛的规则和奖项。A细节理解题。根据 3GrandPrizes中第一句“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。C细节理解题。根据50HonorableMentions这一段“Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。B细节理解题。由Rules中“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.”，写诗用词不能超过 100词，故选B。JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor’sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（学费）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph lin’MsarHsohfsipelitdabecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.“Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,”shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph ’sHo?spitalinMarshfieldTotakecareofherkidseasily.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?Herhealth.Hertimewithfamily.Herreputation.Herchanceofpromotion.WhatcanwelearnfromJennifer'sstory?Timeismoney.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.Hardworkpaysoff.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C 5.A6.B 7.C【解析】本文为记叙文。本文记叙了 Jennifer的家庭和学业，以及婚后主人公继续完成梦想的过程。C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（学费）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.”可知，大学学费是主人公自己负责，自己支付学费，故选 C。A细节理解题。第三段第三、四句中：“ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.”，由此可知，主人公是为了照顾孩子们，才选择 MinistrySaintJoseph'sHospital，故选A。B细节理解题。第四段第二句“Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.”，可知，主人公为了学业，不能陪伴孩子，故选B。C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful.”可知，主人公的努力获得了回报，并且C。C。Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?Hisfriendsinvitation.Hisinterestinthecountry.Hisloveforteaching.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.Whatdoestheunderlinedword athatin""paragraph2referto?Developingaseriousmentaldisease.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbietan?

Romantic.Eventful.Pleasant.Dangerous.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?Tointroduceabook.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.Torememberawriter.Torecommendatraveldestination.【答案】8.B 9.D10.B 11.A【解析】本文为记叙文，记叙了TomBissell的生平事迹以及他的书籍。B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistanto”可知，是因为被这个国家所吸引，才回到乌兹别克斯坦， attractedto表“被……吸引”，故选B。D词义猜测题。第一段第二句中，"Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.”"that"通常指代的上文所说的内容，可知，"that"指代的是主人公写的书 ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,故选D。B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety”可知，主人公的——生是多变的，多面的，既有温暖友好，也有社会的黑暗的一面， 所以可以排除感情色彩单一的三项， 故选B。A写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段，可知，本文旨在介绍主人公写的这本书，故选A。AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）,it'shea（份）,it'sheanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhsahte'shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabtis.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’lolfllowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?Foodsafety.Movieviewership.Consumerdemand.Eatingbehavior.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpolesin”paragraph1referto?Bigeaters.Overweightpersons.Pickyeaters.Tallthinpersons.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.Onwhatbasisdowe“djusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph?Howhungryweare.Howslimwewanttobe.Howweperceiveothers.Howwefeelaboutthefood.【答案】12.D 13.D14.A15.C【解析】本文为说明文，文章介绍了饮食同伴体型和消费习惯对个人饮食习惯的影响。D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句"Accordingtoarecentstudy…，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake”可知，我们饮食同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，故选D。D词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句上文“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions”（与现有的研究结果相反的是，你应该避免和体重较胖的人一起吃饭，因为他们点的食物份量比较大 ）可知，beanpoles是heavierpeople的反义词，故选D。A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments."可知，招聘演员进行实验的目的是为了测试社交对饮食习惯的影响，故选A。C细节理解题。根据"adjusttheinfluence”下文"Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits^T知，我们如何看待他人的饮食习惯很重要，故选 Co第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“publicat"theexpenseofthe“speaking17_Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly!,fact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker So,sdonessaseopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit satrulorsefio18Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.20It'raretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyouI'm"gladtthought,isoverItseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了成为一个优秀的演说家必须掌握的原则。.过渡衔接句。本文结构为总分，第一段总领全文，设空前一句谈到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋，后一句设问你想成为一个优秀的演说家吗？以下是一些你必须掌握的原则， 前后为转折关系，审视选项， G（然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。）符合文意，故选Go.细节支撑句。设空前一句谈到很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上，后文谈到专注于演讲，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己，建立联系。审视选项，A（做相反的事。）符合文意，故选Ao.主旨概括句。设空处位于段末，此段主要告诉人们不要害怕犯错，听众的注意力总是分散的，所以，当你犯错时不要停止说话，除非是非常严重的错误，审视选项， C（你不需要为一个小失误道歉。）符合文意，故选Co.细节支撑句。设空前一句谈到你的目标不是成为一个完美的公众演说家，根据复现词“speaker”，且设空后文谈到就像生活中的其他事情一样，这需要练习可知， B（你想成为一个有效的公众演说家。）符合文意，故选Bo.主旨概括句。设空处位于段首，结合本段大意尤其是"It'sraretohearsomeonesayIwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.I'mglad.thaftalkisoverltseemedtogoonforever!"和"It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.”可知，听众希望演讲是言简意赅的，审视选项， D（就公开演讲而言，通常少即是多。）符合文意，故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe24itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He26thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe27.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe33ofeachsapling（幼树）abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto34rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.Molai35toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial33.A.backB.topC.footD.side34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued【答案】.C22.A23.C 24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了出生于一个印度小村庄的Molai一生致力于植树以保护自然环境的故事。考查名词辨析。句意：村庄附近有一些湿地，那里成为了他第二个家。A.dream梦想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。根据语境及句意可知选C。考查名词辨析。句意：在那里他很小就知道了大自然的美丽和价值。A.nature大自然；youth青春；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。根据语境及句意可知选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：16岁时，莫莱开始注意到他家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.precious宝贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing令人不安的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据句意及语境可知选C。考查名词辨析。句意：那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的伤害使得许多鸟也离开了。A.waste浪费；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛；D.damage破坏。根据语境及句意可知选 D。考查副词辨析。句意：此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据语境及句意可知选A。考查动词辨析。句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。A.agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记得；D.predicted预测。根据语境及句意可知选B。考查名词辨析。句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。A.noise噪音；B.heat热量；C.disease疾病；D.dust灰尘。根据语境及句意可知选B。考查名词辨析。句意：当然，解决办法就是种树，这样动物们在白天可以寻找栖身之处。A.directions方向；B.partners同伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter栖息之处。根据语境及句意可知选D。考查名词辨析。句意： 他向森林部门求助，但是却被告知那里寸草不生。 A.labor劳动；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance金融。根据语境及句意可知选 C。.考查名词辨析。句意：然而，Molai自己去寻找，接着发现了一个位于附近的小岛，他开始在那里植树。 A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left留下；D.managed管理。根据语境及句意可知选 D。.考查动名词辨析。句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。A.Decorating装饰；B.Observing观察；C.Watering浇水；D.Guarding守护。根据语境及句意可知选Co.考查形容词辨析。句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。A.tough艰巨的；B.illegal违法白C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。根据语境及句意可知选A°.考查名词辨析。根据下文可知雨水会从幼树上方滴落。 A.back后面；B.top上面C.foot末尾；D.side旁边。根据语境及句意可知选 B。.考查动词短语辨析。根据上下文可知幼树们非常缺水，因此Molai想办法是为了收集雨水。A.cooldown冷却；B.keepoff避开；C.purify净化；D.collect收集。根据语境及常识可知选D。.考查动词辨析。句意：Molai在接下来的37年里继续植树。A.returned回归；B.learned学习；C.failed失败；D.continued继续。根据语境及句意可知选 D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,36(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,38(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum39openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic40(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection41(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations (模拟)andimagine42(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical44(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete45people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.【答案】.wealthy 37.or 38.formed 39.which/that 40.are called41.is 42.themselves 43.walking 44.accuracy 45.for【解析】本文为一篇说明文，说明了博物馆的部分藏品的来源以及其面临的挑战。wealthy考查形容词。根据空格后的名词与所给提示词 wealth,判断此处需填形容词，故填wealthy。or考查连词。根据空格前的 untilitgottoobig与空格后的untiltheydied,判断此处为选择关系，故填or。formed考查时态。根据前文提到的时间状语 inthe18thand19thcenturies,判断此处需用一般过去时，故填formed。which/that考查连词。根据空格前的先行词 theBritishMuseum与空格后的谓语动词opened,判断此处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。arecalled考查被动语态。根据空格前的主语theparts与所给提示词call,判断此处为被动语态，且此处表陈述事实，故填arecalled。is考查主谓一致。 根据空格前的主语asmallpart与所给提示词，判断此处为谓语动词，且主语asmallpart为单数形式，故填is。themselves考查反身代词。 根据空格前的主语visitors、谓语动词imagine与所给提示词they,判断此处为反身代词，故填themsekes。walking考查非谓语动词。 根据空格前的or,判断此处为与前面的livingatadifferenttimeinhistory为选择关系，因此此处需用 V-ing形式，故填walkingoaccuracy考查名词。根据空格前的形容词 Historical与空格后的系动词is,判断此处需用名词形式，故填accuracyofor考查固定搭配。根据空格前的动词 compete与空格后的 people'sparetimeandmoney,判断此处需用表为 竞争”的动词短语competefor,故填for。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了 盼里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：.参加人员：.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下;.活动反响。注息：.写作词数应为80左右;.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ACross-countryRunningRace[PossibleVersion]ACross-countryRunningRaceA5000-metreCross-countryRunningRace,partoftheSportsFestivalofourschool,washeldbytheschoolstudents'unionlastSunday.150participantsfromthreegradeswereinvolvedintherace.Amongthemostoftheparticipantswerestudentsandteachingstaff.TheracingroutestartedattheschoolgateandendedatthefootoftheSouthHill.Itturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.Notonlydoesitbuildupourbodybutitalsoenrichesourschoollife.【审题思路】这是一篇提纲类作文。要求考生用英语写一篇报道， 审题可知，本篇应该用第一和第三人称。时态用一般过去时为主。要求考生用英语写一篇报道，报道学校上周日组织了 5千米越野竞赛，内容包括：参赛人员、竞赛路线及赛后反响。 首先根据写作要求确定关键词和句型，如：Cross-countryRunningRace（越野竞赛）,beinvolvedin（参加）,Notonly...,butalso...（不但 而且 ），buildupone'sbody（增强体质），enrichone'sschoollife（丰富校园生活）,Itturnedout....（结果是 ）等，再进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态，最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词，书写规范清晰，保持整洁美观。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard. “Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI,”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcr