研究生英语写作-第一次课课件

Post-graduateEnglishWriting研究生英语写作左雁北京物资学院外语学院

Post-graduateEnglishWriting(A)Englishwriting:WritingstagesStructureDifferentwritingtasksWritingstrategies

(B)Translation:LanguagedifferencesandtranslationTranslationtechniques(A)Englishwriting:WritingstUnit1（A）GettingstartedUnit1（A）GettingstartedUnitGoalsforWriting:

Studentswill…Betterunderstandwhatgoesintothepre-writingstageUnderstandhowtoorganizeandmapoutideasbeforewritingKnowhowtousesubordinateclauses

UnitGoalsforWriting:

StudePractice1

YouaregoingtowriteashortbiographyoftheAmericanactor,MarlonBrando.Readtheinformationandthenwriteaparagraphusingallofthelistedpoints.Practice1Youaregoin

MarlonBrandowasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.HediedonJuly1,2004oflungfailure.Hewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachild.Hisfirstjobwasaditchdigger.In1947hebecamefamousovernightafterappearinginAStreetcarNamedDesire.Hestunnedaudienceswithhisremarkablehonesty,sexualityandintensity.MarlonBrandochangedmodernactingbypopularizing“Method”acting.“Method”actingisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.HewontheOscarin1972forhisroleinTheGodfatherandherefuseditbecauseheobjectedtothewaythefilmindustrydepictedNativeAmericansonscreen.Hewasnominatedfor8Oscarsandwon2andisoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema.MarlonBrandowasbornon

MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewentontochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.Theactor,whostunnedaudienceswithhisremarkablehonesty,sexualityandintensity,becamefamousovernightin1947afterappearinginAStreetcarNamedDesire.Hewasnominatedfor8Oscarsandwon2,includingoneforhisroleinTheGodfatherwhichwasrefusedbecauseheobjectedtothewaythefilmindustrydepictedNativeAmericansonscreen.MarlonBrandodiedoflungfailureonJuly1,2004.MarlonBrando,whowasonAnalyzing

the

ParagraphAnalyzing

the

ParagraphAnalyzingtheParagraphOriginalParagraphvs.ImprovedParagraphNumberofsentences?

10vs.5Sentencesbeginwithwhichwords?

He/Hisvs.avarietyofbeginningsAnalyzingtheParagraphOriginaMarlonBrandowasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.SubordinateclauseAdditionalinformationfitswellinthesentenceMarlonBrandowasbornonApri

Hewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachild.Hisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger…MarlonBrandonchangedmodernactingbypopularizing“Method”acting.

Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewenton

tochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.

Relativeclause–additionalinformationisaddedtotheendofasentenceratherthanusedasanindividualsentence Hewaskickedoutofseveral

MarlonBrandodiedoflungfailureonJuly1,2004.RepeatingthenameinthefinalsentenceSimple,directandtothepoint;agoodwaytoendapieceofwritingAreminderthatsimplesentencesareokaywhenusedwithmorecomplexsentencesMarlonBrandodiedoflungfaClausesAclause:asentence,orpartofasentence,withitsownverbExamples:ThrowtheballIthrowtheballIthrowitThrowitClausesAclause:asentence,oThreekindsofclauses:

1.Main2.Subordinate

3.Relative1.amainclause:themoreimportantclauseinasentence;itisacompletesentence.2.asubordinateclause:theclausewhichislessimportantthanthemainclause;it’snotacompletesentenceExample:MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.Subordinateclausesusuallybeginwithwhichwords?who,whose,which,that,whereThreekindsofclauses:

1.Ma

BITstudentsstudyhard.MostBITstudentsaremale.BITstudents,whostudyhard,aremostlymale.BITstudents,whoaremostlymale,studyhard.Beijingisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities.Beijinghostedthe2008OlympicGames.Beijing,whichhostedthe2008OlympicGames,isoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities.Beijing,whichisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities,hostedthe2008OlympicGames.MakethisthemainclauseMakethisthemainclauseBITstudentsstudyhard.MakeRelativeClauses3.arelativeclause:aclausewhichisaddedontoanotherclause;itgivesadditional,orrelated,information.Example: -Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewentontochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.Relativeclausesusuallybeginwithwhichwords?

who,whose,which,that,where

RelativeClauses3.arelativeRelativeClauseMakearelativeclausefromthesesentencesMarlonBrandowonanOscarforTheGodfather.TheGodfatherisaboutanItalian-Americanmafiafamily.MarlonBrandowonanOscarforTheGodfather,whichisaboutanItalian-Americanmafiafamily.RelativeClauseMakearelativeRelativeClauseMakearelativeclausefromthesesentencesMarlonBrandowasborninOmaha.Omahaiswherehealsodied.MarlonBrandowasborninOmaha,wherehealsodied.RelativeClauseMakearelativeDirections:

Forthispart,youareto

read

the

following

passage

and

write

a

composition

of

no

less

than

150

words

as

required.

You

are

advised

to

avoid

using

such

stereotyped

expressions

or

sentences

as

“last

but

not

the

least”.

根据某调查报告……What

do

you

think

of

the

two

choices?

What

social

realities

are

reflected?Directions:Forthispart,yoPractice2Itisusefultomakealistofinformationyouwanttoincludeinyourwriting.Let’stakeasanexamplethequestion:

Whatmakesagoodstudent?Putaticknexttothefactorsthatyouthinkcontributetomakingagoodstudent.

1.cationalbackground5.motivation8.personality3.race6.gender9.familyPractice2ItisusefultomakeMappingAfteryouhavelistedtheitemsyouwanttoincludeinyourwriting,Itistimetoorganizeandgroupthem.Thiscanbedonethroughaprocesscalledmapping.Awritingmapprovidesavisualoutlineofwhatyouwillincludeinyourpaper.Itincludesmajorthemesandsub-themes.MappingAfteryouhavelistedt

educationalbackground

interesteducatedvs.uneducated teachersinstillinterest?privatevs.publicschooling subjectqualityofschool materialsused qualityofteachingactivitiesdone

intelligence

motivation IQchemicalmakeupofbrainteacherproperlymotivates?definitionof“intelligence”family/friendsprovide? grades needtopassexams?WhatMakesaGoodStudent?Tip!Yourwritingmapmayormaynotlookliketheoneprovidedhere.Itcantakeanyshapeorformyoufeelmostcomfortablewith.Also,thereisnoneedtospendtoomuchtimemakingawritingmap.Severalminutesofconcentratedthoughtmightbeenoughforyoutoorganizeyourideassufficiently. educationalbackground inteDothembeforeyouwrite.Don’tspendalotoftimeonthem.Severalminutesisenough.Usethemtosketch,oroutline,yourthoughts.WritingMapsDothembeforeyouwrite.WritUnit1（B）DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishUnit1（B）DifferencesbetweenC汉英句子差异与翻译

汉语句子：语义型或意合型英语句子：语法型或形合型汉英句子差异与翻译汉语句子：语义型或意合型

汉语：“板块”式结构（“竹节”式结构）英语：“多枝共干”型

eg.

他们进行挑衅活动，制造紧张局势，必须马上停止。

Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatetensions.汉语：“板块”式结构（“竹节”式结构）

眼下,咱只盼着有关部门对“工薪族”们作一个详细的调查,对我们的收入心里有个数,别出来个咱累死也够不着的房价。（分析句子结构）

Now,Iamexpectingthedepartmentsconcernedtosurveyonus"thesalaried”,soastogainaclearunderstandingofourincomeandabandonsuchahighpricewecan’taffordevenifwetoiltodeath.眼下,咱只盼着有关部门对“工薪族”们作一个

中西方思维模式的差异中西方思维模式的差异

“狮子头”式的汉语句式

村东头的王大妈来了，受坏人欺骗的村民们也来了。“狮子头”式的汉语句式

“孔雀尾”式的英语句式：

TherecameAuntWangwhodweltattheeasternendofthevillage,andalsocamethevillagerswhohadbeendeceivedbythescoundrel.

去年他为了完成一个项目在实验室用计算机努力地干了十个月。“孔雀尾”式的英语句式：

Heworkedhardwithacomputerinthelabfortenmonthsinordertocompleteaprojectlastyear.HeworkedhardwithacWritingaCV/Resume

Acurriculumvita,orCV,isaninformativesummaryofallacademicandprofessionalachievements.Usuallylongerthanaresume,aCVcanbethreeormorepagesandoftenincludesrelevantexperiencesoutsideofaperson'sprofessionalandacademiclife,suchasvolunteeringexperienceandinterests.OneofthemaindifferencesbetweenaresumeandaCVisitspurposeindifferentcountries.InEuropeaCVisusedintheplaceofaresumetoapplyforemployment,whereasintheUnitedStatesaCVismainlyusedforacademic-basedapplications.WritingaCV/ResumeAcurri

1.Firstyouneedtowriteyourname,addressandcontactdetails.(Supplyingaphoto)2.Youshouldthenwriteashortsummaryofyourskills.Makeitshortbutpowerful.3.Educationbackground–Youneedtolisttheschoolsoruniversitiesyouhaveattended4.WorkExperience–Youneedtowritedownyourworkexperiencenext.5.Summary/aimsachieved–Writeabriefsummaryofskillsorqualificationsyouhaveachieved.6.References–Writedowncontactdetailsofpreviousemployers.1.Firstyouneedtowriteyo

Name:

StevenWindsor–Nationality–BritishCitizenAddress:

90CarillonAvenue,Richmond,Surry,England,UKTelephone:182XXXXXXXXEmail:steven87@hotmail.co.ukSkype:steven234Name:StevenWinds

Objectives:Thiswillbethefirstthingthatyourfutureemployerwillread.

Toworkinafriendlymotivatedenvironment,aswellasbeingaproficientteammemberinbothgivingandseekingadvice.Tocontinuetochallengemycapabilities,whileconductingmyselfinaprofessionalandcontrolledmanner.Toselfevaluateonaregularbasistokeepupwithnewtechnologiesinanever-changingworld.Tocontinuetoexpandenrichingmyawarenessofdifferentculturesaround,aswellastolearnthesimplefundamentalsofpopularforeignlanguagessoastointeractmoreconfidently.

Objectives:Thiswillbet

Educationandcoursesattended/credentials

BrunelUniversity:Credited:marketingstrategies&salesanalysis1982-1986ExeterUniversity:Credited:Britishhistorycourse(Tudorperiodcirca1400/1500s)2001-2003ShoreditchCollege,London:LanguagecourseItalian:AQUABritishCouncilAccredited.1998-2001Educationandcoursesattende

Employment2008-presentSinolingua(apublishinghouseinBeijing)Tel:1245687009or00022996176Jobtitle:writerandeditor2005-2008HubeiDajiaJournalPressEnglishsquaremagazine,WuHan,ChinaTel:00008892579Jobtitle:part-timeEnglishproof-readerandeditorEmployment

Summary(aimsachieved)Ihavenowachievedmanygoalsinmyworkingcareer.Oneachievementhasbeentoworkinaprofessional,editorialofficeenvironment,whilstwritingmediaandlocalnewsreports.Thishashelpedmetodevelopaconstructiveandpositiveprofessionalapproachtomywork,whichinturn,hasenabledmetobuildagoodrapportwithmycolleagues.Mydescriptivewritingskillshavenowreachedamorepositiveandsignificantstance,whichcontributeimmenselyinmydaytodaydealingswithinmyworkingenvironment.Summary(aimsachieved)

References：

sally.stone@–ManagementWritingCorporationLtdReferences：Post-graduateEnglishWriting研究生英语写作左雁北京物资学院外语学院

Post-graduateEnglishWriting(A)Englishwriting:WritingstagesStructureDifferentwritingtasksWritingstrategies

(B)Translation:LanguagedifferencesandtranslationTranslationtechniques(A)Englishwriting:WritingstUnit1（A）GettingstartedUnit1（A）GettingstartedUnitGoalsforWriting:

Studentswill…Betterunderstandwhatgoesintothepre-writingstageUnderstandhowtoorganizeandmapoutideasbeforewritingKnowhowtousesubordinateclauses

UnitGoalsforWriting:

StudePractice1

YouaregoingtowriteashortbiographyoftheAmericanactor,MarlonBrando.Readtheinformationandthenwriteaparagraphusingallofthelistedpoints.Practice1Youaregoin

MarlonBrandowasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.HediedonJuly1,2004oflungfailure.Hewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachild.Hisfirstjobwasaditchdigger.In1947hebecamefamousovernightafterappearinginAStreetcarNamedDesire.Hestunnedaudienceswithhisremarkablehonesty,sexualityandintensity.MarlonBrandochangedmodernactingbypopularizing“Method”acting.“Method”actingisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.HewontheOscarin1972forhisroleinTheGodfatherandherefuseditbecauseheobjectedtothewaythefilmindustrydepictedNativeAmericansonscreen.Hewasnominatedfor8Oscarsandwon2andisoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema.MarlonBrandowasbornon

MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewentontochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.Theactor,whostunnedaudienceswithhisremarkablehonesty,sexualityandintensity,becamefamousovernightin1947afterappearinginAStreetcarNamedDesire.Hewasnominatedfor8Oscarsandwon2,includingoneforhisroleinTheGodfatherwhichwasrefusedbecauseheobjectedtothewaythefilmindustrydepictedNativeAmericansonscreen.MarlonBrandodiedoflungfailureonJuly1,2004.MarlonBrando,whowasonAnalyzing

the

ParagraphAnalyzing

the

ParagraphAnalyzingtheParagraphOriginalParagraphvs.ImprovedParagraphNumberofsentences?

10vs.5Sentencesbeginwithwhichwords?

He/Hisvs.avarietyofbeginningsAnalyzingtheParagraphOriginaMarlonBrandowasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.SubordinateclauseAdditionalinformationfitswellinthesentenceMarlonBrandowasbornonApri

Hewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachild.Hisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger…MarlonBrandonchangedmodernactingbypopularizing“Method”acting.

Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewenton

tochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.

Relativeclause–additionalinformationisaddedtotheendofasentenceratherthanusedasanindividualsentence Hewaskickedoutofseveral

MarlonBrandodiedoflungfailureonJuly1,2004.RepeatingthenameinthefinalsentenceSimple,directandtothepoint;agoodwaytoendapieceofwritingAreminderthatsimplesentencesareokaywhenusedwithmorecomplexsentencesMarlonBrandodiedoflungfaClausesAclause:asentence,orpartofasentence,withitsownverbExamples:ThrowtheballIthrowtheballIthrowitThrowitClausesAclause:asentence,oThreekindsofclauses:

1.Main2.Subordinate

3.Relative1.amainclause:themoreimportantclauseinasentence;itisacompletesentence.2.asubordinateclause:theclausewhichislessimportantthanthemainclause;it’snotacompletesentenceExample:MarlonBrando,whowasoneofthegreatestactorsinthehistoryofcinema,wasbornonApril3,1924inOmaha,Nebraska.Subordinateclausesusuallybeginwithwhichwords?who,whose,which,that,whereThreekindsofclauses:

1.Ma

BITstudentsstudyhard.MostBITstudentsaremale.BITstudents,whostudyhard,aremostlymale.BITstudents,whoaremostlymale,studyhard.Beijingisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities.Beijinghostedthe2008OlympicGames.Beijing,whichhostedthe2008OlympicGames,isoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities.Beijing,whichisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcities,hostedthe2008OlympicGames.MakethisthemainclauseMakethisthemainclauseBITstudentsstudyhard.MakeRelativeClauses3.arelativeclause:aclausewhichisaddedontoanotherclause;itgivesadditional,orrelated,information.Example: -Althoughhewaskickedoutofseveralschoolsasachildandhisfirstjobwasasaditchdigger,hewentontochangemodernactingbypopularizing“Method”actingwhichisatechniquethatemphasizesemotionaltruthandanaturalstyle.Relativeclausesusuallybeginwithwhichwords?

who,whose,which,that,where

RelativeClauses3.arelativeRelativeClauseMakearelativeclausefromthesesentencesMarlonBrandowonanOscarforTheGodfather.TheGodfatherisaboutanItalian-Americanmafiafamily.MarlonBrandowonanOscarforTheGodfather,whichisaboutanItalian-Americanmafiafamily.RelativeClauseMakearelativeRelativeClauseMakearelativeclausefromthesesentencesMarlonBrandowasborninOmaha.Omahaiswherehealsodied.MarlonBrandowasborninOmaha,wherehealsodied.RelativeClauseMakearelativeDirections:

Forthispart,youareto

read

the

following

passage

and

write

a

composition

of

no

less

than

150

words

as

required.

You

are

advised

to

avoid

using

such

stereotyped

expressions

or

sentences

as

“last

but

not

the

least”.

根据某调查报告……What

do

you

think

of

the

two

choices?

What

social

realities

are

reflected?Directions:Forthispart,yoPractice2Itisusefultomakealistofinformationyouwanttoincludeinyourwriting.Let’stakeasanexamplethequestion:

Whatmakesagoodstudent?Putaticknexttothefactorsthatyouthinkcontributetomakingagoodstudent.

1.cationalbackground5.motivation8.personality3.race6.gender9.familyPractice2ItisusefultomakeMappingAfteryouhavelistedtheitemsyouwanttoincludeinyourwriting,Itistimetoorganizeandgroupthem.Thiscanbedonethroughaprocesscalledmapping.Awritingmapprovidesavisualoutlineofwhatyouwillincludeinyourpaper.Itincludesmajorthemesandsub-themes.MappingAfteryouhavelistedt

educationalbackground

interesteducatedvs.uneducated teachersinstillinterest?privatevs.publicschooling subjectqualityofschool materialsused qualityofteachingactivitiesdone

intelligence

motivation IQchemicalmakeupofbrainteacherproperlymotivates?definitionof“intelligence”family/friendsprovide? grades needtopassexams?WhatMakesaGoodStudent?Tip!Yourwritingmapmayormaynotlookliketheoneprovidedhere.Itcantakeanyshapeorformyoufeelmostcomfortablewith.Also,thereisnoneedtospendtoomuchtimemakingawritingmap.Severalminutesofconcentratedthoughtmightbeenoughforyoutoorganizeyourideassufficiently. educationalbackground inteDothembeforeyouwrite.Don’tspendalotoftimeonthem.Severalminutesisenough.Usethemtosketch,oroutline,yourthoughts.WritingMapsDothembeforeyouwrite.WritUnit1（B）DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishUnit1（B）DifferencesbetweenC汉英句子差异与翻译

汉语句子：语义型或意合型英语句子：语法型或形合型汉英句子差异与翻译汉语句子：语义型或意合型

汉语：“板块”式结构（“竹节”式结构）英语：“多枝共干”型

eg.

他们进行挑衅活动，制造紧张局势，必须马上停止。

Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatetensions.汉语：“板块”式结构（“竹节”式结构）

眼下,咱只盼着有关部门对“工薪族”们作一个详细的调查,对我们的收入心里有个数,别出来个咱累死也够不着的房价。（分析句子结构）

Now,Iamexpectingthedepartmentsconcernedtosurveyonus"thesalaried”,soastogainaclearunderstandingofourincomeandabandonsuchahighpricewecan’taffordevenifwetoiltodeath.眼下,咱只盼着有关部门对“工薪族”们作一个

中西方思维模式的差异中西方思维模式的差异

“狮子头”式的汉语句式

村东头的王大妈来了，受坏人欺骗的村民们也来了。“狮子头”式的汉语句式

“孔雀尾”式的英语句式：

TherecameAuntWangwhodweltattheeasternendofthevillage,andalsocamethevillagerswhohadbeendeceivedbythescoundrel.

去年他为了完成一个项目在实验室用计算机努力地干了十个月。“孔雀尾”式的英语句式：

Heworkedhardwithacomputerinthelabfortenmonthsinordertocompleteaprojectlastyear.HeworkedhardwithacWritingaCV/Resume

Acurriculumvita,orCV,isaninformativesummaryofallacademicandprofessionalachievements.Usuallylongerthanaresume,aCVcanbethreeormorepagesandoftenincludesrelevantexperiencesoutsideofaperson'sprofessionalandacademiclife,suchasvolunteeringexperienceandinterests.OneofthemaindifferencesbetweenaresumeandaCVisitspurposeindifferentcountries.InEuropeaCVisusedintheplaceofaresumetoapplyforemployment,whereasintheUnitedStatesaCVismainlyusedforacademic-basedapplications.WritingaCV/ResumeAcurri

1.Firstyouneedtowriteyourname,addressandcontactdetails.(Supplyingaphoto)2.Youshouldthenwriteas