2022年中考英语真题分类汇编 专题19 短文填空 考点3 自由填空（学生版+解析版）

专题19短文填空考点3自由填空（一）（2022•山西・中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。二Me：Kids'BodyLanguageDoyouwanttoknowyourkidswell?Ifso,juststartwiththeirbodylanguage.Wealltalk,butmostofthetalkingisbodylanguage.Youmaynotnoticeit,35weusebodylanguagemuchmorethanwethink.Usuallykids'bodylanguageisthesame36adults',andsometimesitsendsadifferentmessage.Herearesomeexamples.Let'sseewhattheymean.NotstandingstraightAkid37doesn'tstandstraightmayfeelunhappyorjustfeelabitdown.Hemightnotfeelverygoodabouthimself,or38mightjustbethinkingaboutsomethingelse!It'snotalwayseasytosay,andmostofthetimehewon'ttellyou39isthematter.Myadvice:iftherearenohealthproblems,don'tcare.NotlookingyouintheeyeAkidwhodoesn'tlookyouintheeyemaynotbelieveinhimself,orhemaybeafraid40hiselders.Hemayalsofeeluncomfortablelookingatanybody.There41afewthingsthatyoucando.Trytodothingswiththemthatdon'trequirelookingatyou.Youcouldalsoprelend（假装）nottonoticeit.Myadvice:42theyaresmart,friendlyandpolite,it'llprobablybeOK.Ifyouareinterested43kids'bodylanguage,welcometomycomer.Wewilltalkmoreaboutitfrom8:00 44 9:00p.m.onMonday.（二）（2022・湖南岳阳・中考真题）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。qHowdoestheteaplantgrow?Thisterm,somestudentsgottheiranswersintheschooPsrooftop（屋顶）garden.Manyschoolshavebuiltsmallgardensontheirteachingbuilding'srooftop.Somestudentsplantedteaplantsthere.Whiletaking46ofteaplants,theyalsodidexperimentstolearnmoreabouttea.Howto 47 eggsoupandsandwiches?Somestudentslearnedtocookinanafter-schoolcookingclub.Toparents148.theirkidscouldcooksomesimpledishesinashorttime.Inthepast,Chinesechildrenweresometimesbusierafterschool49theyhadtotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses.Now,studentsjoinallkindsofclubs.Whydostudentshavefreetimeto50uptheirhobbies?BecauseChinahasintroducedthe"doublercduction^^policy（双减政策）.Ithopestoease（减轻）students9learningburden（负担） 51reducinghomeworkandafter-schoolclasses.Students5liveshavechangedalotsincethepolicywascarriedout.Ontheonehand,theirhomeworkisclearly52thanbefore,theyaren'tencouragedtobuyworkbooks（练习册）anymore.Teenagershavemorechancestogetknowledgefromthereallife.Thisisamuchbetterwaythanjusthittingthebooks.Ontheotherhand,studentsspendmoretime53after-schoolclubs.Theygetlotsoflifeskillsfromthesecolorfulclubsandhaveenoughtimetorelaxandthinkfor54 .It'sbelieved55the“doublercduction^^policymakesadifferencetostudents,lives.（三）（2022,重庆A卷・中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。MissWangrecentlyhadaworryingexperience.Onemorning,justasshearrivedather44 ,Wangnoticedsomemissedcallsfromhermother.uItmustbesomethingveryimportant,Mshethoughttoherself.Rightaway,shecalledhermother45quiteworriedly.Tohersurprise,Wangfoundhermotheronlywantedhercharger（充电器），whichWangtooktotheofficebymistake.WhenWanghurriedhomefromheroffice,shefoundhermother's46wasstill70%charged.Andhermotherwasworriedthatitwouldrunoutofpowerasshecontinuedusingit.NowWangrealizestheseriousnessoftheproblem.Hermother47eighthoursadayplayinggames,readingnewsandwatchingshortvideosonline.Andhermotherhasproblemslikepooreyesight,headacheandsoon.ThisstoryisnotspecialandWang'smotherisnot48 .Sheisjustoneinagrowingpopulationoftheoldwholosethemselvesinplayingwithphones.Astheoldhave49 chancestojoininsocialactivities,asmartphoneisthebestwaytokilltime.Buttoomuchtimeonphonecancausemanyproblems.4iBecarefulwhenusingyourphones,50youwillbeeasilyfooled!*,Althoughtheoldarealwayswarnedlikethis,onlinefrauds（欺骗）stillhappentothem.Nowtherearemorefamilyproblems.Actionshouldbetaken.Fortheold,theyshouldcontroltheirscreentimeandgetenoughrest.Theyoung,fortheirpart,shouldoftenvisittheold,andhelpthemlearnmoreaboutonlinesafetysothattheycan51themselves.Also,theyoungcandomoreactivitieswiththeoldliketalking,walkingandtraveling,orencouragethemtolearnsomethingattheuniversitiesfortheaged.（四）（2022•重庆B卷•中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Asstudents,youshouldstudyhard.Moreimportantly,youshouldstudyinasmartway.Trythesemethodsbelow.SpacedRepetitionAccordingtoEbbinghaus,you*11 44easilyifyoudon'treviewintime.Afteryoureadyourstudymaterialforthefirsttime,you'dbettercomebacktoit6hourslater,then24hourslater,3dayslater,7dayslateroreven14dayslaterandabove.Repeatit45least5times,andyoucanalmostremembereverything.JimKwik'sTechnique（方法）AccordingtoJimKwik,anexpertonreadingandthememory,thekeytounderstandingyourreadingmaterialistoaskquestion.Youcanputalinedownthe46ofapieceofpaper.Ontheleft,takenotesofkeyinformation,whileontheright,writedown3kindsofquestions一how,whenandwhy.Amongthequestions,themostimportant47ishowyoucanusethekeyinformation.Connectitwiththeknowledgeyou've48known.Andthinkaboutwhatreallifeproblemsyoucansolvebyusingit.Thishelpstokeeptheinformationyourmind.TheFeynmanTechniqueStudiesshowstudentscanunderstandwhatthey'velearnedbetterwhenthey49someoneelse.TheFeynmantechniqueincludes4basicsteps.First,study.Second,teachwhatyou'vejustlearnedtosomeonewithzeroknowledgeofthesubjectin50words.Third,findoutwhichpartsyoucanexplainwellandwhichpartsyoucan't.Gobacktothebookandtrytounderstandthetopiconceagain.Fourth,repeatthestepsabove51youcanexplainthetopicwithoutlookingatthebook.专题19短文填空考点3自由填空（一）（2022•山西・中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。二Me：Kids'BodyLanguageDoyouwanttoknowyourkidswell?Ifso,juststartwiththeirbodylanguage.Wealltalk,butmostofthetalkingisbodylanguage.Youmaynotnoticeit,35weusebodylanguagemuchmorethanwethink.Usuallykids'bodylanguageisthesame36adults',andsometimesitsendsadifferentmessage.Herearesomeexamples.Let'sseewhattheymean.NotstandingstraightAkid37doesn'tstandstraightmayfeelunhappyorjustfeelabitdown.Hemightnotfeelverygoodabouthimself,or38mightjustbethinkingaboutsomethingelse!It'snotalwayseasytosay,andmostofthetimehewon'ttellyou39isthematter.Myadvice:iftherearenohealthproblems,don'tcare.NotlookingyouintheeyeAkidwhodoesn'tlookyouintheeyemaynotbelieveinhimself,orhemaybeafraid40hiselders.Hemayalsofeeluncomfortablelookingatanybody.There41afewthingsthatyoucando.Trytodothingswiththemthatdon'trequirelookingatyou.Youcouldalsoprelend（假装）nottonoticeit.Myadvice:42theyaresmart,friendlyandpolite,it'llprobablybeOK.Ifyouareinterested43kids'bodylanguage,welcometomycomer.Wewilltalkmoreaboutitfrom8:00 44 9:00p.m.onMonday.【答案】35.butaswho##thathewhatofareifinto【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍孩子们的肢体语言，并针对不同情况给出一些建议。句意：你可能没有注意到，但我们使用肢体语言的次数比我们想象的要多。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。句意：通常孩子们的肢体语言和成年人的是一样的，有时它传递的是不同的信息。thesameas"与……相同”，故填as.句意：一个不站直的孩子可能会感到不开心或只是感到有点沮丧。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who/that连接，故填who/that。句意：他可能对自己感觉不太好，或者他可能只是在想别的事情！结合前句中的“He”可知，此处也用he作主语，故填he。句意：说出来总是不容易，大多数时候他也不会告诉你发生了什么事。此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示"什么"，用what连接，故填what。句意：一个不直视你眼睛的孩子可能不相信他自己，或者他害怕长辈。beafraid。仔害怕……”，故填of。句意：有一些你可以做的事情。此处是therebe句型，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数afewthings,故填areo42.句意：我的建议是：如果他们聪明、友好、有礼貌，这可能是没问题的。"theyaresmart,friendlyandpolite”是“itlprobablybeOK”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。句意：如果你对孩子的肢体语言感兴趣，欢迎来到我的角落。beinterestedin”对……感兴趣"，故填in。句意：我们将在周一晚上8点到9点详细讨论。from...to...“从 到 "，故填lo。（二）（2022•湖南岳阳•中考真题）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Howdoestheteaplantgrow?Thistenn,somestudentsgottheiranswersintheschool'srooftop（屋顶）garden.Manyschoolshavebuiltsmallgardensontheirteachingbuilding'srooftop.Somestudentsplantedteaplantsthere.Whiletaking46ofteaplants,theyalsodidexperimentstolearnmoreabouttea.Howto 47 eggsoupandsandwiches?Somestudentslearnedtocookinanafter-schoolcookingclub.Toparents?48.theirkidscouldcooksomesimpledishesinashorttime.Inthepast,Chinesechildrenweresometimesbusierafterschool49theyhadtotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses.Now,studentsjoinallkindsofclubs.Whydostudentshavefreetimeto50uptheirhobbies?BecauseChinahasintroducedthe“doublereduction”policy（双减政策）.Ilhopestoease（减轻）students'learningburden（负担） 51reducinghomeworkandafter-schoolclasses.Students9liveshavechangedalotsincethepolicywascarriedout.Ontheonehand,theirhomeworkisclearly52thanbefore,theyaren'tencouragedtobuyworkbooks（练习册）anymore.Teenagershavemorechancestogetknowledgefromthereallife.Thisisamuchbetterwaythanjusthittingthebooks.Ontheotherhand,studentsspendmoretime53after-schoolclubs.Theygetlotsoflifeskillsfromthesecolorfulclubsandhaveenoughtimetorelaxandthinkfor54 .It'sbelieved55the“doublereduction“policymakesadifterencetostudents'lives.【答案】46.caremakesurprisebecausetake5Lbylessjoiningthemselvesthat【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了“双减政策”之后，孩子们课外生活和学习生活的变化。句意：在照顾茶树的同时，他们也做实验来了解更多关于茶的知识。根据“Somestudentsplantedteaplantsthere.”可知，照顾植物，takecareof'照顾"；故填care。句意：怎样做鸡蛋汤和三明治？根据"eggsoupandsandwiches”可知，制作鸡蛋汤和三明治；结合Howtodo,需要动词原形；故填make。句意：令父母惊讶的是，他们的孩子可以在短时间内做一些简单的菜。根据“theirkidscouldcooksomesknpledishesinashorttime”可知，孩子们短时间内学会了简单的菜，父母很惊讶，toone'ssurprise“令人惊讶的是”；故填surpriseo句意：在过去，中国的孩子放学后有时更忙，因为他们要参加很多课外班。根据“theyhadtotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses”可知，此句是前句的原因，because符合句意；故填because。句意：为什么学生有空闲时间从事他们的爱好？takeup”从事（某一种兴趣爱好）“，结合havelimeiodo,需要动词原形；故填take。句意：它希望通过减少家庭作业和课外课程来减轻学生的学习负担。根据“reducinghomeworkandafter-schoolclasses”可知，通过减少家庭作业和课外班来减轻负担，by“通过”符合句意；故填by。句意：一方面，他们的作业明显比以前少了。根据“hanbefbre”可知，作业比之前少，less“更少”符合句意；故填lesso句意：另一方面，学生花更多的时间参加课外俱乐部。根据“aRer-schoolclubs”可知，参加课外俱乐部，结合spendslhdoingsth,需要动名词，joining符合句意；故填joining。句意：他们从这些丰富多彩的俱乐部获得了很多生活技能，有足够的时间放松和独立思考。根据"haveenoughtimetorelaxandthink”可知，有时间独立思考，主语是they,其反身代词是themselves；故填themselves055.句意：据说，“双减”政策对学生的生活产生了影响。分析句子结构可知，是主语从句，需要由破作引导词，故填thato（三）（2022•重庆A卷•中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。MissWangrecentlyhadaworryingexperience.Onemorning,justasshearrivedather44 .Wangnoticedsomemissedcallsfromhermother."Itmustbesomethingveryimportant,shethoughttoherself.Rightaway,shecalledhermother45quiteworriedly.Tohersurprise,Wangfoundhermotheronlywantedhercharger（充电器）,whichWangtooktotheofficebymistake.WhenWanghurriedhomefromheroffice,shefoundhermother's46wasstill70%charged.Andhermotherwasworriedthatitwouldrunoutofpowerasshecontinuedusingit.NowWangrealizestheseriousnessoftheproblem.Hermother47eighthoursadayplayinggames,readingnewsandwatchingshortvideosonline.Andhermotherhasproblemslikepooreyesight,headacheandsoon.ThisstoryisnotspecialandWang'smotherisnot48 .Sheisjustoneinagrowingpopulationoftheoldwholosethemselvesinplayingwithphones.Astheoldhave49chancestojoininsocialactivities,asmartphoneisthebestwaytokilltime.Buttoomuchtimeonphonecancausemanyproblems.tfcBecarefulwhenusingyourphones,5()youwillbeeasilyfooledAlthoughtheoldarcalwayswarnedlikethis,onlinefimids(欺骗)stillhappentothem.Nowtherearemorefamilyproblems.Actionshouldbetaken.Fortheold,theyshouldcontroltheirscreentimeandgetenoughrest.Theyoung,fbrtheirpart,shouldoftenvisittheold,andhelpthemlearnmoreaboutonlinesafetysothattheycan51themselves.Also,theyoungcandomoreactivitieswiththeoldliketalking,walkingandtraveling,orencouragethemtolearnsomethingattheuniversitiesfortheaged.【答案】44.officebackphonespendsalonefewerorprotect【解析】【导语】本文通过王小姐和她母亲的经历告诉我们老人现在过度使用手机，这样会引起很多问题，所以作者建议年轻人要多拜访老人，老人也要多做一些其他活动。句意：一天早上，她刚到办公室，就注意到她妈妈的一些未接电话。根据"WhenWanghurriedhomefh)mheroffice”可知她到达了办公室，office“办公室”。故填office。句意：马上，她很着急的给妈妈回了电话。根据“shecalledhermother...”以及上文可知，看到妈妈的未接电话，会回电话，callsb.back“给某人回电话”。故填back。句意:王小姐从办公室赶回家时，发现妈妈的手机还有70%的电量。根据“shefoundhermother's...wasstill70%charged”以及上文可知她妈妈的手机还有电，phone"电”，指她妈妈的手机，名词用单数。故填phone。47.句意:她的母亲每天花八个小时玩游戏、阅读新闻和在线观看短视频。根据飞ighthoursadayplayinggames..可知是花费时间做某事，主语是人，用spend"花费”，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填spends。句意：这个故事并不特别，王的母亲并不是唯一的例子。根据/hisstoryisnotspecia『以及"Sheisjustoneinagrowingpopulationoftheoldwholosethemselvesinplayingwithphones”可知王小姐的母亲不是唯一的一个沉迷手机的例子，alone"单独的故填alone。句意：由于老年人参加社交活动的机会较少，智能手机是打发时间的最佳方式。根据“asmartphoneisthebestwaytokilltime”可知他们用手机打发时间，因为他们参加社交活动的机会相较于年轻人来说更少，故此处用比较级，修饰可数名词复数用（fewer“更少工故填fewer。句意：使用手机时要小心，否则很容易上当！根据"Becarefulwhenusingyourphones...youwillbeeasilyfooled''可知此处是结构“祈使句+or+陈述句”，表示“用手机时要小心，否则很容易被欺骗工故填。口句意：对于年轻人来说，他们应该经常拜访老年人，并帮助他们更多地了解网络安全，以便他们能够保护自己。根据"helpthemlearnmoreaboutonlinesafetysothattheycan...themselves”可知让老人了解网络安全，这样老人能保护自己，protect“保护”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填protect。（四）（2022•重庆B卷•中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Asstudents,youshouldstudyhard.Moreimportantly,youshouldstudyinasmartway.Trythesemethodsbelow.SpacedRepetitionAccordingtoEbbinghaus,you'll44easilyifyoudon'treviewintime.Afteryoureadyourstudymaterialforthefirsttime,you'dbettercomebacktoit6hourslater,then24hourslater,3dayslater,7dayslateroreven14dayslaterandabove.Repeatit45least5times,andyoucanalmostremembereverything.JimKw汰'sTechnique（方法）AccordingtoJimKwik,anexpertonreadingandthememory,thekeytounderstandingyourreadingmaterialistoaskquestion.Youcanputalinedownthe46ofapieceofpaper.Ontheleft,takenotesofkeyinformation,whileontheright,writedown3kindsofquestions一how,whenandwhy.Amongthequestions,themostimportant47ishowyoucanusethekeyinformation.Connectitwiththeknowledgeyou,ve48known.Andthinkaboutwhatreallifeproblemsyoucansolvebyusingit.Thishelpstokeeptheinformat