仁爱版英语中考常考知识点

中考知识点整理中考知识点整理e.g.you——your——yourself(yourselves)人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem物代词第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs

（反身代词）主格作主语，宾格作宾语their（形容词性物主代词 ）+n.=theirs（名词性物主代词）丰格- IwhoI]宾格whoU I物主代Iwhos冠词+n.不定冠词：a/an（用于元音前）定冠词：the名词（作主语）可数名词：单数/复数（+s,+es…）不可数名词：water,bread,fish…名词变复数以-sh,-ch,-s,-x 结尾的词，变复数+es以-o结尾的词，变复数+es:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes（黑人，土豆，西红柿），其余以-o结尾的词+s以-f,-fe结尾的词，f或fe改v+es:wife—-wives不规则名词变化：

child———childrenwoma=don'thaveton——womenman——mentchild———childrenwoma=don'thavetoooth----teeth当性别+职业时，两个名词同时都变复数：wonenteachers,mendoctors名词所有格-'s/-s'ateacher'steachers'children's“一”连字符的作用相当于名词所有格three-week=threeweeksj动词（作谓语）be动词：am/is/are,was/were实义动词：like,run,…助动词：do/does/did,have/has+done情态动词：can/could,will/would,need,dare,must,should,have/hasto,may情态动词can表能力----can't/cannot/cannotmay表可能should表应该：shouldn'tbeallowed不应该被允许must表必须----mustn't表禁止need表必要----needn't表没必要（为对Must…？问句的否定回答）e.g.--MustI…？--No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.dare表敢于will表意愿----willnot=won 't所有情态动词后面所品M的动词都用原形 do的形式使役动词（使/让某人做某事）Letsb.dosth.makesb.dosth./bemadetodosthgetsb.todosth.不定代词some+thing/body/one,any+thing/body/one不定代词+todo不定代词+adj.（形容词后置）：somethingdifferent基数词和序数词基数词：one,two,three,four,five…序 数 词：first,second,third,fourth,fifth/twelfth（以-ve结尾，去-ve改-f加-th）,eighth,ninth,twentieth（整十的数,去-y改-ie加-th）分数表达法1/4:onefourth;2/3:twothirds数量表达法数 字+ten/hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数tens/hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+f+名词复数祈使句以Don't开头的都为祈使句反义疑问句肯（be/情态动词/实义动词）,否（be/情态动词/助动词）?否（be/情态动词/实义动词,肯（be/情态动词/助动词）?祈使句的反义疑问句，后面用willyou?以-ed结尾的形容词修饰人以-ing结尾的形容词修饰物感叹句What+adj.+不可数名词How+adj.+（the+不可数多词+谓语动词）e.g.Whatdeliciousfoodwehadatyourbirthdayparty!=Howdeliciousthefoodwas!比较级与最高级：good——better——besta.well----better----bestad.bad----worse----worsta.much/many----more----mostlittle—less—leastbusy——busier---busiest 忙比较级（用于比较两者事物）than用于比较级alot/much/alittle/even/far+ 比较级farless远远少于e.g.Ofthetwocoats,she'dliketochoosethecheaperonetosavemoneyforabook.最高级（用于比较三者或三者以上事物）oneof+最高级+可数名词复数最高级、序数词+todo,如thebesttodo,thefirsttodo就近原则therebe句型notonly…but（also）•••（不但•・而且•一）就前原则with/togetherwith/aswellase.g.Iwithyouam(be)YouwithIare（be）*many+可数名词复数much坏可数名词*afew+可数名词复数（表肯定意思）/few+可数名词复数（表否定意思）alittle+ 不可数名词（表肯定意思）/little+不可数名词（表否定意思）双宾语结构givesthtosb=givesbsthlendsthtosb=lendsbsth借出去borrowsthfromsb=borrowsbsth借进来teachsbsth动词不定式todoordersb（not）todosth 命令某人做某事asksb（not）todosth 叫某人做某事tellsb（not）todosth 告诉某人做某事encouragesb（not）todosth 鼓励某人做某事try（not）todo尽力做某事hopetodo希望做某事expectsbtodo希望某人做某事wanttodosth想要做某事wouldliketodosth想要做某事feelinglikedoingsth 想要做某事，喜欢做某bemadetodosth被迫做某事时间介词：on/in/aton+具体某一天/星期in+年/月/季节at+点钟时间表示法past超过（6字之前）to差（6字之后）e.g.aquartertonine8:45aquarterpastnine9:15halfpastnine9:30ninetwenty-seven9:27=twenty-sevenpastnine9:27*that指代不可数名词e.g.TheweatherinFuzhouiswarmerthanthatinBeijing.（这里的that指代前面的weather,weather为不可数名词）*eachofthem=everyofthem每一个*也：also（用于肯定句句中）too（用于肯定句句末）either（用于否定句句末）*也是：so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语确实是：so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词*提建议：How/Whatabout+doing?…怎么样Whynotdo?=Whydontyou?你为什么不…？*see/hearsb.doingsth.（ 正在进行时）see/hearsb.dosth.（ 句 中常出现often,usually,always …）*in+颜色e.g.Thegirl__Apinkismyyoungsister,Susan.A.inB.wearsC.iswearing*Could/Wouldyou…？（委婉语气中，some不用改成any）*Look!/Listen!（用进行时态）*too（太）+adj.:toobig*Whatsthematter（withyou）?=What'swrong?（怎么了）*It'stimetodosth=It'stimefor+n.*I'mafraid…（我恐怕…）I'mafraidso.我恐怕会这样。*-Howsoon…？-In…-Howfar…？-距离*ThankyoufordoingsthThankyouforsth*AbeproudofBA为B感至U自豪BbetheprideofAB是A的骄傲*dieof死于内因diefrom死于外因*by的用法bybus乘坐•…by在•一旁边，到•…为止： bythewindow在窗户边上by+doing通过•••方式*every每一（三个或以上）each每一（两个，三个或以上）both两个都all全部（三个或以上）none没有（三个或以上）either二者择一：either…or…neither两者者B不：neither…nor…*Summercomesafterspring.春去夏来。*enough+名词形容词+enough*the+adj.表示一类人therich有钱人thepoor穷人*providesbwithsth 提供某物给某人providesthforsb为某人提供某物*so+adj.+that …如止匕以至于such+adj.+that…如止匕以至于tootoo…to…太•…而不能•…*beside在…旁边*ninemore=anothernine 又九天，再九天

besides除…之外还有（十）otheradj.otheradj.其他的except除…之外（―）*France法国othersn.*France法国*Itis+adj.+（forsb）todosthItiskind/clever/niceofsbtodosth*allowdoing允许做某事allowsbtodosth 允许某人做某事sbbeallowedtodosth某人谈允许做某事*alone单独的；lonely孤独的

French法语Frenchman/Frenchmen法国人*Withpleasure.很乐意（帮助前）It'smypleasure.不客气（帮助后）*what…dowith=how…dealwith如何处理whattodo=howtodoit怎么力、stay/livealone;feel/belonely*at…age（在.••年龄）at•••speedof（以••速度）*beusedby+人（被某人使用）beusedfor+doing（被用来做•…）beusedin（被使用在•一方面）

*anumberof=alotof=many（大量）+谓语动词复数thenumberof（…的数量）+谓语动词单数*both•••and…两者者Beither…or…二者择一*四个花费主语*四个花费主语netither…nor.…两者者B不notAbutB不是A而是Bpay人paid—paid:pay钱forsthspend人spent—spent:spend时间/钱onsthspend时间/钱（in）doingcost物cost—costtakeIt/物took—took:Ittakssb 时间/钱todo*happento_sb某人发生了什么事

*The+比较级，the+比较级（越•…越•…）Themore,thebetter.*if条件句If（如果，为从句）••・，主句（主将从现）*when当…时while①当•一时（必须用现在进行时）②表对比③表转折，虽然**宾语从句在Ibelieve/Ithink句中，否定要前移，且反1.引导词（一个句子中只能有一个引导词，不能叠加）that无意义，用于肯定句，通常可省略if/whether是否，用于一般疑问句wh-特殊疑问词，用于特殊疑问句一般疑问句：Do/Does/Did/Are/Is/Am/Will/Have/Has/情态动词/…（一般疑问句用Yes/No来回答）特殊疑问句：Wh-…？What/Who/When/Where/Which/Why/How/Howmany/Howmuch/….语序：陈述语序，即引导词+主语+谓语在一般疑问句中，遇does,则去does+s遇did,贝U去did+ed遇do,则不变.时态主句+引导词+从句JJ一般现在时任何时态一般过去时相应过去时义疑问句看从句,若为否定句，则与从句保持一致。Ibelieve/think…，否？Idon'tbelieve/think…，肯？*时态一般现在时 am/is/are/do/does（用于第三人称单数）一般过去时was/were/did——般将来时will+do/begoingtodo现在进行时am/is/are+doing（be+doing）过