新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训(含答案解析及原文翻译)

新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训（含答案解析及原文翻译）AThelifeofFM-2030,atranshumanist（超人文主义者 ）whobelievedhumanswillbeabletoendnaturaldeathinthefutureusingtechnology,isexploredinanewdocumentary.Thefilm,titled‘2030’,wasreleasedlatelastmonthandisavailableacrossmultiplestreamingplatforms.ItwasmadebyBritishfilmmakerJohnnyBostonwhointerviewedarangeofFM-2030’sacquaintancesandscientificexperts.Transhumanistsbelievehumanscanandshoulduseemergingfuturetechnologytogreatlyenhancetheirnaturalabilities.Thesetechnologiescouldincluderobotics,AI,genetherapypreventingtheageingprocess.Thiscouldradicallychangewhatitmeanstobeamemberofourspecies.FM-2030wasborninBrusselsin1930namedFereidounM.Esfandiary.ThesonofanIraniandiplomat,helaterchangedhislegalnametomarkhisbeliefthatby2030wewillbeagelessandeveryonewillhaveanexcellentchancetoliveforever.FM-2030wroteanumberofbooksaroundlifeextensionandtranshumanisttopics,andiswidelyregardedasoneofthefoundingfathersofthemoderntranshumanistmovement.Afterhisdeathin2000,FM-2030’sbodywasplacedincryonicsuspensioninArizona.MrBostoncommented:“ImetFM-2030andthatwashislegalnamewhenIwasabout11or12yearsold.He’dcometoLondonwithhispartneratthetimeandtheystayedwithus.Thiswasintheearly80swhenhehadthesereallyoffthewallideasthatweweregoingtoliveonindefinitelyandthattherewasgoingtobeamuchmoreprogressivepolitics.Hetalkedaboutweweregoingtocommunicatebraintobrain.Therewasgoingtobeamachinethatyoucouldputinvariouscharacteristicsanditwasgoingtoprintstuff.”MrBostonwentontoproduceanumberofvideosoutliningFM-2030’sideas.HedidaseriesoffilmscalledthefutureofdemocracythatcameoutoftalksthatFMhaddone.Hesaid,“FMreallytalksaboutwhatthefutureholdsintermsofhowwegovernourselves.Hethinkswe’vegottouseAI.”Whatwillhappeninthefutureaccordingtotranshumanists?Humanswilldieinanaturalstate.Humans’lifespanwillremainlimited.Humanswillnotneedlanguageanylonger.Humans’abilitieswillbelargelyimprovedbytechnologies.WhydidFereidounM.EsfandiarychangehisnametoFM-2030?Becausehisfatherforcedhimtodoso.Becausehedidn’tlikehisformernameatall.Becausehewantedtoflaghistranshumanistfaith.Becausehethoughthumanwouldendnaturaldeathin2030.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“offthewall”inParagraph5mean?A.Dull.B.Ambiguous.C.Ridiculous.D.Upset.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheUncertainFuture.B.TheFilmCalled2030.C.TheIdeasofTranshumanists.D.FM-2030—ATranshumanistBPrepareforWaterDayZeroEarlierthisyearominous①headlinesblaredthatCapeTown,SouthAfrica,washeadedforDayZero—thedatewhenthecity'stapswouldgodrybecauseitsreservoirs②wouldbecomedangerouslylowonwater.Thatday—originallyexpectedinmid-April-hasbeenpostponeduntilatleast2019asofthiswriting,thankstowaterrationing③andawelcomerainyseason.Buttheconditionsthatledtothisdesperatesituationwillinevitablyoccuragain,hittingcitiesallovertheplanet.Astheclimatewarms,extremedroughtsandvanishing④watersupplieswilllikelybecomemorecommon.Butevenwithouttheaddedimpactofclimatechange,normalrainfallvariationplaysanenormousroleinyear-to-yearwateravailability.Theseordinarypatternsnowhaveextraordinaryeffectsbecauseurbanpopulationshavehadatremendousgrowthspurt⑤ :by2050theUnitedNationsprojectsthattwothirdsoftheworld'speoplewillliveincities.Urbanplannersandengineersneedtolearnfrompastrainfallvariabilitytoimprovetheirpredictionsandtakefuturedemandintoaccounttobuildmoreresilientinfrastructure.HowdidCapeTowngetintoaDayZerosituation?ThecitygetsitswaterfromsixreservoirsinWesternCapeProvince,whichusuallyfillupduringtherainyseason,fromMaythroughAugust.Butsince2015theregionhasbeensufferingfromtheworstdroughtinacentury,andthewaterinthosereservoirsdwindled⑥dangerously.Compoundingtheproblem,CapeTown'spopulationhasgrownsubstantially,increasingdemand.Thecityactuallydidaprettygoodjobofkeepingdemandlowbyreducingleaksinthesystem,amajorcauseofwaterwaste,andhasevenwonawardsforitsconservationpolicies.ButthegovernmentofSouthAfricawasslowtodeclareanationaldisasterintheareashithardestbythedrought,pavingthewayfortherecentcrisis.CapeTownisnotalone.Since2014southeasternBrazilhasbeensufferingitsworstwatershortagein80years,resultingfromdecreasedrainfall,climatechange,poorwatermanagement,deforestationandotherfactors.AndmanycitiesinIndiadonothaveaccesstomunicipalwaterformorethanafewhoursaday,ifatall.Forexample,thecityofShimlaranoutofdrinkingwaterinMay,prompting⑦localstobegtouriststostayawayfromthepopularHimalayansummerretreat.ThewaterinfrastructureinmanyIndiancitiesisoldandleaky,butcitygovernmentshavenotrepairedit.Municipalitieshave,however,givenfreeelectricitytofarmersforirrigation,depletinglocalgroundwaterstocks.IntheU.S,thesituationissomewhatbetter,butmanyurbancentersstillfacewaterproblems.California'srecentmultiyeardroughtledtosomeofthestate'sdriestyearsonrecord.Fortunately,abouthalfofthestate'surbanwaterusageisforlandscaping,soitwasabletocutbackonthatfairlyeasily.Butcitiesthatusemostoftheirwaterformoreessentialuses,suchasdrinkingwater,maynotbesoadaptable.Inadditiontotheproblemsthatdrought,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthbring,somecitiesfacethreatsofcontamination⑧ ;crisessuchastheoneinFlint,Mich.,arosebecausethecitychangedthesourceofitswater,causingleadtoleachintoitfrompipes.Ifothercitiesareforcedtochangetheirwatersuppliers,theycouldfacesimilarwoes.Fortunately,stepscanbetakentoavoidurbanwatercrises.Ingeneral,a"portfolioapproach"thatreliesonmultiplewatersourcesisprobablymosteffective.CapeTownhasalreadybegunimplementinganumberofwater-augmentationprojects,includingtappinggroundwaterandbuildingwater-recyclingplants.Manyothercitieswillneedtorepairexistingwaterinfrastructuretocutdownonleakage.Metropolitanleadersshouldbethinkingaboutmeetinglong-termneedsratherthanjustaboutdailyrequirements.Goodorganizationandfinancialresponsibilityareequallycritical.Andplanningeffortsshouldincludediversestakeholdersfromthecommunity.Onemajorchallengeisprovidingservicestoinformalareas,whichdevelopatrandom,withoutanygovernmentforesight.Suchregionsoftenlackbasicresources—awell-plannedwatersupplyamongthem.TheglobalcommunityhasanopportunityrightnowtotakeactiontopreventaseriesofDayZerocrises.Ifwedon'tact,manycitiesmaysoonfaceatimewhenthereisn'tadroptodrink.CSupermoonobserversareinforatreattonightwhenMarch'sWormMoonarrivesintheskies.StargazersareinforatreatastheymaybeabletospottheMoonlookingbiggerandbrighterwiththenakedeye.Theterm‘Supermoon’wascoinedbytheastrologerRichardNollein1979andreferstoeitheraNeworFullMoonthatoccurswhentheMooniswithin90percentofperigee（近地点）.FullMoonsoccurwhentheMoonisontheoppositesideofEarthtotheSun.ThisresultsinthesurfaceofEarth’snaturalsatellitebeingfullyilluminated（照亮）.SupermoonsoccurwhenaFullMoonreachestheperigee—thepointintheorbitoftheMoonwhenitisclosesttotheEarth.Theoppositeoftheperigeeistheapogee—whentheMoonreachesthispointwhereitisthoughttolookmuchsmallerthanusual.DrDanielBrown,anastronomyexpertatNottinghamTrentUniversity,hasrevealedthereisinrealitylittletodistinguishthemfroma“normal”FullMoon.Headded:“ASupermoonisusuallydefinedasthelargestfullmoonpossible.Eitherway,thisFullMoonisoccurringwhentheMoonisalittlebitclosertoEarththanitisduringotherfullmoons.ThisisatimewhenmanybecomeexcitedandwanttoobservetheMoonthemselves,particularlyasthemoonrisesandsets,whichoffersfantasticphotographicopportunities.”However,inrealitysupermoonsareneverhugeatallsodon’tgetfooledinthinkingthatyoucanseeitbeinglargerthanusual.Supermoonsappearonly14percentlargerthanthesmallestpossiblemoon.Theso-called‘Moonillusion’willmakethemoonappearmuchlargerthanitreallyis,whenitisclosetothehorizon,butthathappensforanyfullmoonormoonphaseyouobserve.Inatypicalyear,therecanbethreeorfourFullSupermoonsinarow.Thosewhomissoutontoday’seventshouldnotworryastwomoreSuperMoonswillappearlaterintheyear.PeoplecanobservetheSupermoonwhen.aFullMoonexactlyreachestheapogeetheMoonreachesthesideoftheSunaFullMoonalmostreachestheperigeetheEarth’ssurfaceisbeingfullylightedWhatdoweknowabouttheSupermoon?Itbecomesactuallymuchlargerthanusual.Itprovidesvaluableopportunitiestotakephotos.ItiseasytotelltheSupermoonfromacommonFullMoon.ThereisonlyonechancetoobservetheSupermoonthisyear.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“illusion”inParagraph5mean?A.Fantasy.B.Beauty.C.Appearance.D.Observation.4.Wherecanyoufindthetext?A.Inatravelbrochure. B.Fromasciencefiction.C.Inasciencemagazine. D.Inaresearchpaper.DThese3DPortraitsAreCreatedfromStrangers’DNAWhereveryougo,youleavebehindalittlebitofyourself:hair,skinflakes① ,yoursaliva②onacoffeecuporcigaretteandsoon.Howmuchinformationdothesetraceshold?WhatifitwaspossibletorecreateyourlikenessbasedontheDNAyouleavebehind?ArtistHeatherDewey-HagborghasbeenexploringtheseideasthroughherpieceStrangerVisions.In2012,shecollectedchewinggum③,cigarettebutts④andotherdiscarded⑤itemsfrompublicplacesinNewYorkCity,andusedthesecreateaseriesof3DportraitsbasedontheDNAfromthesefoundobjects.“Iwasveryluckythattheworld'sfirstcommunitybiologylabhadjustopenedupdownthestreetfrommeinBrooklyn,”saysDewey-Hagborg.“It’scalledGenspace,andItookacrashcoursetherewithEllenJorgensenandlearnedthebasics[ofDNAanalysis].”WithhelpfromGenspace,shelearnedhowtoisolateDNAfromtheitemsshepickedup,andamplifycertainpartsofitusingthesametypeofpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)processthatforensic@scientistsusetofindamatchbetweenasuspectandcrimesceneevidence.Inthatsituation,theywouldfocusonregionsofDNAthatareusuallydifferentbetweenpeople,andcomparethemtoseeifthey’rethesame.Butcreatingalikenessofsomeone’sfacebasedonsegmentsoffoundDNAisnotnearlyasstraightforward⑦.Dewey-HagborgusedPCRtoamplifycertainregionsoftheDNAthatareassociatedwithvisibletraits,suchaseyecolorornosesize,forexample.ShewouldsendthesesamplestoalabtoreadtheDNAsequence⑧一theorderofAs,Cs,GsandTsthatmakeupthegeneticcode－andthenlookupwhichtraitwasassociatedwiththatparticulargeneticvariant.“IstartedmakingthisverybasiclistofthesekindsofassociationswithwhatarecalledSNPs,singlenucleotidepolymorphisms,drawingonresourceslike23andMeandasitecalledSNPedia,whichislikeWikipediaforSNPs.”Fromthere,Dewey-HagborgusedamathematicalmodelofthefacethatshecouldeditusingsoftwaretorepresentthefacialcharacteristicssuggestedbytheDNAsample.Thatthenformedthebasisforthe3-Dprinted,life-sizedmodeloftheface.EJigsawpuzzlesaren’tjustfun.Theycanalsorelieveanxiety,especiallywhenyouputthemtogether,well,together.WhileoutshoppingforChristmaspresentsin2018,Iboughtmyselfajigsawpuzzleonawhim.Itwasanunusualbuy,onethatInowrecognizeasanattemptatdealingwiththatparticularstressmanyofusexperienceduringtheholidays.Don’tgetmewrong—Iloveseeingmyfamily.Butholidayget-togethershaveawayofputtinganypersonalshortcomingsatcentrestage.ThischeerypinkpuzzlehadeverythingIfeltIneededtodistractmyselfinonebox.Andat$20,thepricewasright.Whynot?RobynBreen,adanceinstructoratMisfitstudioinToronto,Canada,knowsthefeeling.Atafamilygatheringyearsago,Breenwasreintroducedtopuzzlesandfellinlovewithitssoothingeffect.“Ithought,Whoa,IfeelreallygoodwhenI’mdoingthis.Ifeelreallychill,”sherecalls.Breensuffersfromanxiety,andwhenshewashavingworrisomethoughtsaboutanupcomingtriptoNicaragua,sheturnedtopuzzlinginsteadofprescriptionmedication.SusanVandermorrisisaclinicalneuropsychologistatToronto’sBaycrestHealthSciences,agloballeaderinbrainhealthandagingresearch.Anytypeofpuzzleisgoodforthebrainandpointstothestress-relievingbenefitsofjigsaws,inparticular,shesays.“Ifyou’redoingapuzzle,youaredisconnectedandengagedinataskthat’simmersive,awayfromtheinterruptionsandstressesofday-to-daylife,”sheexplains.“Andthat,ofcourse,isgoodforyourbrain.”Vandermorrisbelievesthatdoingpuzzleswithothersboastsevenmorehealthbenefitsthandoingthemonyourown,addingthatitprovidesarareopportunityforintergenerationalengagement.“GettheteenagersofftheirsmartphonesandworkingonapuzzlewithGrandma,andsuddenlyyou’vegotareallynicefamilyinteractionthatseemstobeharderandhardertocomebythesedays,”sheadds.1.Whatistheadvantageofjigsawpuzzlesfortheauthor?Theycankilltime.Theycanbondfamilytogether.C.Theycandivertone’sattention.D.TheycanexposepersonalshortcomingsWhydidRobynBreenchoosejigsawpuzzlesinsteadofprescriptiondrugs?Becausehethoughtthemedicinehadsideeffects.Becausehefeltthejigsawpuzzlesweremorecomforting.Becausehedidn'thaveenoughmoneytobuydrugs.Becausehefeltchillwhentakingmedicine.WhyarejigsawpuzzlesgoodforbrainaccordingtoSusanVandermorris?Becauseyoucanbeawayfromtheinterruptionsandstresses.Becauseyoucanbedisconnectedfromyourfriends.Becauseyoucanengageinatoughtask.Becausejigsawpuzzleisagameplayedbyoneperson.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceinthelastparagraph?Peoplehavefewopportunitiestointeractwiththeirfamily.Doingpuzzlesonyourowncanalsobringsomebenefits.It’sveryhardtohaveanicefamilycommunicationbecauseofmobilephones.Peopleneedtodojigsawpuzzleseverydaysothattheycanhaveanicefamilyinteraction.A【答案】 1~4DCCD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 FM-2030的一生以及他的超人类主义理念。细节理解题。同义替换法。根据第二段第一句“ Transhumanistsbelievehumanscanandshoulduseemergingfuturetechnologytogreatlyenhancetheirnaturalabilities.”可知，超人类主义家认为利用未来技术可以大大提高人类的自然能力。 D选项是将原文的 enhance同义替换为improve，故选 D。细节理解题。同义替换法。根据第三段第二句“ ThesonofanIraniandiplomat,helaterchangedhislegalnametomarkhisbeliefthatby2030wewillbeagelessandeveryonewillhaveanexcellentchancetoliveforever.”可知，FM-2030改变他的法定名字是为了表明他的信念，即到2030年我们每个人都会长生不老。 C选项是将原文的 markhisbelief同义替换为 flaghisfaith，故选 C。词义猜测题。 根据下划线单词后面的内容 “Thiswasintheearly80swhenhehadthesereallyoffthewallideasthatweweregoingtoliveonindefinitelyandthattherewasgoingtobeamuchmoreprogressivepolitics.”（在20世纪80年初期，FM-2030认为我们可以长生不老，会有更加进步的政治）并结合常识可推知，“长生不老”的想法当时看来是荒诞的。由此可以推测此处词组的意思是“荒谬的” ，故选 C。推理判断题。 关键词法。这篇文章介绍了 FM-2030的超人类主义思想，他改变名字的原因，以及他撰写的关于超人类主义思想的书籍等， 所以此文章的关键词是 FM-2030，因此D项“超人类主义家一一FM-2030”最适合做标题，故选Do【词汇积累】release[r??li?s]vt.释放，发出；发行，发布 （尤指 ）新激光唱片，新电影stream[stri?m]v.（生）流，流动 n.小溪，河流 （steamingplatform流媒体平台）acquaintance[??kwe?nt?ns]n.认识的人，熟人； （与某人 ）认识， （对某事物的 ）了解radically['r?d?kli]adv.根本地；彻底地indefinitely[?n?def?n?tli]adv.无限期地【句法剖析】Thiswasintheearly80swhenhehadthesereallyoffthewallideasthatweweregoingtoliveonindefinitelyandthattherewasgoingtobeamuchmoreprogressivepolitics.句意：那是在 20世纪80年代，那时他有一些很古怪的想法，认为我们将会长生不老，而且未来将会有更加进步的政治。句子分析 ：本句的主句为 Thiswasintheearly80s，其后when引导的从句是定语从句，修饰先行词是 theearly80s且when在从句中做时间状语； ideas后由and连接that引导的两个同位语从句，对 ideas的内容进行具体说明， that在从句中不做成分，但不能省略。HedidaseriesoffilmscalledthefutureofdemocracythatcameoutoftalksthatFMhaddone.句意：他拍摄了一系列称作《未来民主》的电影，这些电影都是在 FM的演讲中产生的。句子分析：此句主干是主谓宾结构 Hedidaseriesoffilms，calledthefutureofdemocracy是过去分词短语做后置定语，与films之间是被动关系，故用called。第一个that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词是 films且that在从句中做主语。第二个 that引导的也是定语从句，修饰先行词是 talks且that在从句中做 haddone的宾语。【新词积累】ominous['cm?n?s]adj.不吉利的reservoir['r?z?,v?r]n.水库rationing['r???n??]n.定量配给政策vanish['v?n??]v.不复存在spurt[sp?rt]n.短时激增，迸发dwindle['dw?ndl]v.（逐渐）减少，变小prompt[prampt]v.促使，推动contamination[k?n,t?m?'ne???n]n.污染【金句赏析】Urbanplannersandengineersneedtolearnfrompastrainfallvariabilitytoimprovetheirpredictionsandtakefuturedemandintoaccounttobuildmoreresilientinfrastructure.城市规划者和工程师需要从过去的降雨量变化中寻找到规律并吸取经验以改进他们预测的准确度，考虑未来的需求以建立更具弹性的基础设施。CapeTownhasalreadybegunimplementinganumberofwater-augmentationprojects,includingtappinggroundwaterandbuildingwater-recyclingplants.开普敦已经开始实施一些增水项目，包括开采地下水和建设水循环工厂。【全文翻译】为“无水日”做好准备今年早些时候不祥的头条新闻称南非的开普敦将迎来“无水日” ，这意味着这座城市的水龙头将不能正常供水， 因为这座城市水库的水位将变得很低， 这十分危险。 多亏了水的配给和喜人的雨季，“无水日” （最初预计在 4月中旬）已经推迟至 2019年之后。但这种令人绝望的局面将不可避免地再次出现，席卷全球各地的城市。随着气候变暖，极端干旱和供水中断等问题可能会变得更加普遍。但即使没有气候变化带来的额外影响， 正常的降雨量变化也会在极大程度上影响逐年的水资源供应。 因为城市人口正急剧增长， 这些普通的模式现在也能产生严重的负面影响： 联合国预计到 2050年，世界三分之二的人口将居住在城市。 城市规划者和工程师需要从过去的降雨量变化中寻找到规律并吸取经验以改进他们预测的准确度，考虑未来的需求以建立更具弹性的基础设施。那么开普敦是如何陷入“无水日”这种情况的呢？这座城市从西开普省的六个水库取水，通常来说，雨季 （五月到八月）的降水就可以填满这个水库。但是自从 2015年该地区遭受了一个世纪以来最严重的旱灾， 这些水库里的水也减少了。 使问题更加复杂的是， 开普敦的人口大幅增长， 人们对水的需求大大增加。 实际上， 该市在控制人们的水需求这一方面已经做得很好了。开普敦通过减少系统泄漏（水资源浪费的主要原因）保持人们对水的低需求，甚至因其控需政策而倍受嘉奖。 但在受干旱影响最严重的地区， 南非政府迟迟不肯宣布国家受到了旱灾的重创，这也为最近的危机的产生埋下了伏笔。然而开普敦并不是唯一缺水的城市。自 2014年以来，巴西东南部经历了 80年来最严重的水资源短缺， 其中的原因包括降雨减少、气候变化、水资源管理不善、森林砍伐以及其他种种因素。 如果这种情况真的发生的话， 印度的许多城市每天都不能使用超过一定限度的市政用水。例如，西姆拉市在 5月份用完了饮用水，这使得当地人乞求游客远离热门的喜马拉雅夏季度假胜地。 许多印度城市的供水基础设施陈旧且漏水， 但市政府尚未修复这些供水设施。然而，市政当局向农民提供了免费电力帮助他们灌溉农作物， 耗尽了当地的地下水库存。美国的情况稍好一些，但许多城市中心仍面临水问题。加利福尼亚州的多年干旱导致了该州有史以来最干旱的年份。 幸运的是， 加利福尼亚之前约有一半的城市用水用于景观美化，因此加州可以大大减少这方面的用水量。但是，将大部分水用于更重要用途（例如饮用水）的城市适应性可能没那么强。 除了干旱、 气候变化和人口增长带来的问题外， 一些城市还面临着污染的威胁； 密歇根州弗林特市的危机之所以出现， 是因为这座城市改变了水源， 导致水从管道中渗入水中。 如果其他城市也被迫改变他们的水源， 它们也可能会面临类似的困境。幸运的是，我们可以采取一些措施避免城市水危机的到来。一般而言，依赖多种水源的“投资组合方法” 可能是最有效的。 开普敦已经开始实施一些增水项目， 包括开采地下水和建设水循环工厂。许多其他城市将需要修复现有的水基础设施，以减少水泄漏。大城市的领导者应该考虑满足长期需求，而不仅仅是日常需求。良好的组织和财务责任也同样很重要。 规划工作应有来自社区的不同利益相关者参加。 现在的一个主要挑战是向非正式居住点提供服务， 这些地区随意发展， 没有任何政府的远见。 这些地区往往缺乏基本资源——其中包括精心规划的供水。全球社会现在有机会采取行动防止一系列“无水日”危机。如果我们不采取行动，许多城市可能很快就会面临没有一滴饮用水的日子了。【答案】 1~4CBAC【解析】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了超级月亮即将亮相的事情以及与它相关的一些知识。细节理解题。同义替换法。根据第二段倒数第二句“ SupermoonsoccurwhenaFullMoonreachestheperigee—thepointintheorbitoftheMoonwhenitisclosesttotheEarth.”可知，超级月亮会在满月到达近地点 90%的范围内出现， 近地点是指月球轨道上最接近地球的点，C选项符合原文意思，故选 C。细节理解题。 同义替换法。 根据第四段最后一句 “ThisisatimewhenmanybecomeexcitedandwanttoobservetheMoonthemselves,particularlyasthemoonrisesandsets,whichoffersfantasticphotographicopportunities.”可知，在此期间，许多人很激动地在观察超级月亮，这还能给人们提供难得的拍照机会。选项 B将原文的 photographic（摄影的） ，替换成 takephotos,属于同义替换，故选B。词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“ Theso-called‘Moonillusion’willmakethemoonappearmuchlargerthanitreallyis”可知，“Moonillusion”会使得月亮看起来比平常大，但根据上文“ inrealitysupermoonsareneverhugeatall”（实际上超级月亮并没有真的变大）和“getfooled”可推知，这是一种视觉错觉，因此判断此处单词为“错觉”之意，审视选项，A项“幻觉”语义最接近，故选 A。文章来源题。纵观全文，这篇文章围绕超级月亮这一特殊的天文现象展开讨论，天文现象属于科学方面的内容，最有可能出现在科学杂志里，故选 C。【词汇积累】illuminate[??lu?m?ne?t]vt.照明，照亮coin[k??n]vt.（生）创造（新词语） n.硬币reveal[r??vi?l]]vt.揭示，显示，透露photographic[?f??t??gr?f?k]adj.摄影的，摄制的，照片的【句法剖析】Eitherway,thisFullMoonisoccurringwhentheMoonisalittlebitclosertoEarththanitisduringotherfullmoons句意：换句话说，当月亮距离地球比其他（时候的）满月更近时，就会出现超级月亮。句子分析： ：此句的主句为 thisFullMoonisoccurring，其后when引导的是时间状语从句，than引导的是比较状语从句； alittlebit用来修饰比较级 closer。ThisisatimewhenmanybecomeexcitedandwanttoobservetheMoonthemselves,particularlyasthemoonrisesandsets,whichoffersfantasticphotographicopportunities.句意：这段时间许多人会很激动，想要亲自观察超级月亮，特别是在月亮升起和落下时，会给他们提供良好的摄影机会。句子分析： ：此句主句为 Thisisatime，其后when引导的是定语从句， 修饰先行词 time，when在从句中做时间状语。 as引导的是时间状语从句， which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指前面整句话内容，即月亮的升起和落下。D【新词积累】flake[flek]n.小薄片，碎片v.剥落，将……剥落；使……成薄片saliva[s?'la?v?]n.唾液；涎chewinggum口香糖，泡泡糖cigarettebutt烟蒂discarded[dR'kcrd]adj.丢弃的；废弃的v.丢弃forensic[f?'rens?k]adj.法医的；法院的 n.司法鉴定手段straightforward[stre?t'f??w?d]adj.简单的； adv.直截了当地sequence['si?kw（?）ns]n.[数][计]序列；顺序 vt.按顺序排好【金句赏析】In2012,shecollectedchewinggum,cigarettebuttsandotherdiscardeditemsfrompublicplacesinNewYorkCity,andusedthesecreateaseriesof3DportraitsbasedontheDNAfromthesefoundobjects.2012年，她收集了纽约市公共场所丢弃的口香糖、 烟头等物品， 并利用这些找到物品的 DNA，创作了一系列 3D肖像。“Iwasveryluckythattheworld’sfirstcommunitybiologylabhadjustopenedupdownthestreetfrommeinBrooklyn,”saysDewey-Hagborg.“It’scalledGenspace,andItookacrashcoursetherewithEllenJorgensenandlearnedthebasics[ofDNAanalysis].”“我很幸运，世界上第一个社区生物实验室就在布鲁克林离我不远的街上开张了。”德维?哈格伯格说。“它叫绅士空间，并且我和艾伦•乔根森在那里上了速成班，学习了（DNA分析的 ）基础知识。 ”WithhelpfromGenspace,shelearnedhowtoisolateDNAfromtheitemsshepickedup,andamplifycertainpartsofitusingthesametypeofpolymerasechainreaction（PCR）processthatforensicscientistsusetofindamatchbetweenasuspectandcrimesceneevidence.在绅士空间的帮助下，她学会了如彳S]■从她获得的物品中分离出 DNA,并使用（法医学家用来搜寻犯罪嫌疑人和犯罪现场证据的）聚合酶链反应技术对 DNA的某些部分进行放大。【全文翻译】这些D3D肖像是由陌生人的 ADNA创造的无论你走到哪里，你都会留下一点你自己痕迹：头发、皮屑、咖啡杯或香烟上的唾液等等。这些痕迹持携