初三英语现在完成时全解

初三英语现在完成时全解初三英语现在完成时全解初三英语现在完成时全解资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初三英语现在完成时全解版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：语法专题：现在完成时和初中时态小结a.读故事，悟语法——现在完成时的理解【Youhavelostyourwholelife.】Oncealearnedmanwasinaboat.Hewasgoingtocrosstheriver.“Doyouknowmath”heaskedtheboatingman.“No,sir,”theboatmananswered.“Thenyouhavelostonequarterofyourlife,”saidthelearnedman.“Doyouknowhistory”heaskedagain.“No,sir,”saidtheboatman.“Thenyouhavelosthalfofyourlife,”saidthelearnedman.“Doyouknowpainting”hecontinued.“Idon’tknowthat,either,”saidtheboatman.“Thenyouhavelostthreequartersofyourlife.”Justthenastrongwindcameandturnedtheboatupsidedown.“Doyouknowhowtoswim”askedtheboatman.“No,”answeredthelearnedman.“Wellthen,”saidtheboatman,“youhavelostyourwholelife.”【Abirthdaypresent】Helen:Mum,I’mgoingtosendyouapresentforyourbirthdayMum:Thanks,dear!Whatisit?

Helen:Aniceteapot.Mum:ButI’vegotaniceteapot.Helen:No,youhaven’t.I’vejustbrokenit!【Aterribletennisplayer】WhenAlanwasyoung,heplayedfootballalot,andhewasverygoodatit,butthenhewentandworkedinatown,andtherewasnoteamforhimthere,sohestoppedplaying.Thenhebegantogetfat,sohethought,“I’vestoppedplayingfootball,andnowI’mgettingfat.WhatamIgoingtodo”

Hethoughtaboutitforafewdays,andthenhesaidtohimself,“IknowI’llplaytennis.”Hehadafewlessons,andthenplayedforafewdays.

Hemetanicegirlatthetenniscluboneday,andtheyplayedagameoftennisagainstanothermanandwoman.Alanplayedverybadly,andwasveryangrywithhimself.“I’veneverplayedasbadlyasthisbefore,”hesaidtothegirl.“Oh,”shesaid.“Youhaveplayedbefore,haven’tyou”【Ididn’twanttowalkhome.】Mrs.Brown’soldgrandfatherlivedwithherandherhusband.Everymorninghewentforawalkintheparkandcamehomeathalfpasttwelveforhislunch.ButonemorningapolicecarstoppedoutsideMrs.Brown’shouseattwelveo’clock,andtwopolicemenhelpedMr.Browntogetout.OneofthemsaidtoMrs.Brown,“Thepooroldgentlemanlosthiswayintheparkandtelephonedtousforhelp,sowesentacartobringhimhome.”Mrs.Brownwasverysurprised,butshethankedthepolicemenandtheyleft.

“But,Grandfather,”shethensaid,“youhavebeentothatparknearlyeverydayfortwentyyears.Howdidyouloseyourwaythere”

Theoldmansmiled,closedoneeyeandsaid,“Ididn’tquitelosemyway.IjustgottiredandIdidn’twanttowalkhome.”【Everythingwillsoonbeallright.】Anoldmandiedandlefthissonalotofmoney.Butthesonwasafoolishyoungman,andhequicklyranoutofallthemoney,sothatsoonhehadnothingleft.Ofcourse,whenthathappened,allhisfriendslefthim.Whenhewasquitepoorandalone,hewenttoseeNasreddin,whowasakind,cleveroldmanandoftenhelpedpeoplewhentheyhadtroubles.“Mymoneyhasfinishedandmyfriendshavegone,”saidtheyoungman.“Whatwillhappentomenow”

“Don’tworry,youngman,”answeredNasreddin.“Everythingwillsoonbeallrightagain.Wait,andyouwillsoonfeelmuchhappier.”

Theyoungmanwasveryglad.“AmIgoingtogetrichagainthen”

heaskedNasreddin.

“No,Ididn’tmeanthat,”saidtheoldman.“Imeantthatyouwouldsoongetusedtobeingpoorandtohavingnofriends.”【Howmanylightsarethere?】InEnglandnobodyundertheageofeighteenisallowedtodrinkinapublicbar.Mr.Thompsonusedtogotoabarnearhishousequiteoften,buthenevertookhisson,Tom,becausehewastooyoung.ThenwhenTomhadhiseighteenthbirthday,Mr.Thompsontookhimtohisusualbarforthefirsttime.Theydrankforhalfanhour,andthenMr.Thompsonsaidtohisson,“Now,Tom,Iwanttoteachyouausefullesson.Youmustalwaysbecarefulnottodrinktoomuch.Andhowdoyouknowwhenyou’vehadenoughWell,I’lltellyou.Doyouseethosetwolightsattheendofthebar

Whentheyseemtohavebecomefour,you’vehadenoughandshouldgohome.”“But,Dad,”saidTom,“Icanonlyseeonelightattheendofthebar.”b.现在完成时时态解析1.现在完成时的含义基本格式:I/We/Theyhavedone…He/She/Ithasdone…（1）表示已经/曾经做过了某事（“已经”/“曾经”）：动作已完成，不再持续。Ihavedone/finishedmyhomeworkalready.HehasbeentoBeijing(threetimes).（2）表示持续（“已经”）：一个动作（或开始的状态）开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或者可能还要继续下去（也可能到此结束）。Hehasbeen/livedinJiningsince10yearsago/for10years.（3）表示影响或结果（“已经”）：一个过去发生的动作已经完成，并且对现在仍有影响或产生了结果。HehasleftJiningalready.=HehasbeenawayfromJiningalready.HehasgonetoBeijing.2.现在完成时表示的时间范畴2019-12-312018-12-312027-12-313.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别（1）HelivedinJiningfortenyears.HehaslivedinJiningfortenyears.（2）Isawhim10yearsago.Ihaveseenhim10yearsbefore.Ihaven’tseenhimfor10years.（3）Shehadherbreakfastyesterdaymorning.Shehashadherbreakfastalready.（4）HewasinJininglastyear.HehasbeeninJiningsincelastyear.4.现在完成时的标志词解析alreadyyetjusteverneverrecentlythesedayssincesince10yearsagoeversincethenforfor10yearsforalongtimeuptonowsofartillnowinthepast/lastfewyears/months/weeksonce/twice/threetimes/acoupleoftimes/severaltimes/manytimes5.延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，而且这个动作是可以延续下去的或产生持久影响的。如stay,live,learn,study,work,wait,watch,sing,read等。非延续性动词也称短暂性动词、瞬间动词或终止性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,leave,getto,move,borrow,buy,die,finish等。现在完成时常跟表示一段时间的时间状语，如for+一段时间、since+时间点、duringthepast/last+一段时间等，因此谓语必须是一种状态或表示延续性的动作，也就是延续性动词及其短语，或表示状态的词或短语。非延续性动词及其短语的肯定形式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而否定形式就可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的，如：Shehasn’theardfromhersisterfortwoweeks.hearfrom是“收到……的来信”的意思，是短暂性动词短语，但其否定形式时则表示一种可以持续的状态（没有收到信的状态），因此可以跟表示一段时间的状语连用。①Hedied10yearsago.He____________________________for10years/since10yearsago.②Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.He__________________thebookfor2weeks.③Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.He__________________themotorbikeforamonth.④Hearrivedherethreedaysago.He__________________heresincethreedaysago.⑤Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.Thelight____________________________for2hours.Theyturnedonthelight2hoursago.Thelight____________________________for2hours.⑥Thefilmbegan30minutesago.Thefilm____________________________for30minutes.⑦Helefthere2yearsago.He______________________________fromherefor2years.⑧Theyopenedthedooranhourago.Thedoor_______________________________foranhour.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.Thedoor_______________________________foranhour.⑨Hejoinedthearmylastyear.He_________________________________thearmyforayear.=He___________________________________________forayear.=It______________________ayearsincehejoinedthearmy.=It___________ayearsincehejoinedthearmy.c.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.HelivedinJiningfortenyears.HehaslivedinJiningfortenyears.2.Isawhim10yearsago.Ihaveseenhim10yearsbefore.Ihaven’tseenhimfor10years.3.Shehadherbreakfastyesterdaymorning.Shehashadherbreakfastalready.d.初中所要求的时态小结一般过去时过去进行时一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时（现在完成进行时）一般将来时e.综合时态对照理解和练习1.我每天做家庭作业。他每天做家庭作业。你每天做家庭作业吗？2.我现在正在做家庭作业。他现在正在做家庭作业。他们现在正在做家庭作业。你（们）现在正在做家庭作业吗

3.（1）我明天要做家庭作业。你明天要做家庭作业吗

（2）我打算明天做家庭作业。他打算明天做家庭作业。4.我昨天做了家庭作业。你昨天做家庭作业了吗

5.我昨天晚上9:00正在做家庭作业。他们昨天这个时候正在做家庭作业。你昨天这个时候正在做家庭作业吗

6.我已经做完了家庭作业。她已经做完了家庭作业。你已经做完家庭作业了吗

f.常用不规则动词变化表AAA型cost（花费）costcostcut（切，割）cutcuthit（碰撞）hithitlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readreadhurt（伤害）hurthurtset（日落）setsetshut（关闭）shutshutAAB型beat（揍，打败）beatbeatenABA型run（跑）ranruncome（来）camecomebecome（变成）becamebecome

ABB型dig（挖）dugdughold（举行，举办，掌握）heldheldwin（赢）wonwonhave/has（有）hadhadmake（制造）mademadecatch（抓住）caughtcaughthear（听见）heardheardmeet（遇见）metmetteach（教）taughttaught

keep（保持）keptkeptfeed（喂）fedfedbring（带来）broughtbrought

sleep（睡）sleptsleptlend（借出）lentlentbuy（买）boughtboughtsweep（扫）sweptsweptsend（传送)sentsentthink（想）thoughtthought

feel（感觉）feltfeltspend（花费）spentspentfight（战斗）foughtfought

shoot（射击）shotshotbuild（建设）builtbuiltseek（寻找）soughtsought

leave（离开）leftleftmean（意思是）meantmeantsell（卖）soldsold

lose（丢失）lostlostdeal（处理）dealtdealttell（告诉）toldtold

say（说）saidsaidstand（站）stoodstoodspit（吐痰）spatspatpay（付）paidpaidunderstand（明白）understoodunderstoodsit（坐）satsatlay（下蛋）laidlaidlight（点燃）litlitfind（找到）foundfoundlearn（学习）learnt/learnedlearnt/learnedfound（建立）foundedfounded

shine（照耀）shone/shinedshone/shinedsmell（闻）smelled/smeltsmelled/smeltdream（做梦）dreamt/dreameddreamt/dreamedburn（燃烧）burned/burntburned/burnthang（悬挂）hunghungstick（刺，戳）stuckstuck｛hang（吊死）hangedhanged｝dig（挖，掘）dugdug

ABC型lie（平躺）lay

lain｛lie（说谎）liedlied｝do（做）diddonego（去）wentgoneblow（吹）blewblownbegin（开始）beganbegundrive（驾驶）drovedriventhrow（扔）threwthrown

drink（喝）drankdrunk