裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第43课

裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第43课裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第43课裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第43课xxx公司裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第43课文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Lesson43OvertheSouthPole飞越南极Howwastheplaneabletoclearthemountains?In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.参考译文美国探险家R.E.伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飞机可以上升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！一、单词讲解Newwordsandexpressionspolen.（地球的）极flightn.飞行explorern.探险家liev.处于seriousadj.严重的pointn.地点seemv.似乎crashv.坠毁sackn.袋子clearv.越过aircraftn.飞机endlessadj.无尽的plainn.平原polen．1)波兰人Poland波兰2)（地球的）极，极地theNorthPole北极theSouthPole南极Pole-star/theNorthStar北极星3)电极，磁极thepositivepole正极thenegativepole负极4)杆，棒，柱aflagpole旗杆pole-axe（旧时）长柄战斧atelephonepole电话线杆flightn．1)飞行，航班eg:ThisishisfirstflightovertheNorthPole.这是他第一次飞跃北极。A11flightshavebeencancelledbecauseofthefog.因为雾的原故，所有的航班被取消了。flightrecorder飞行记录器，黑匣子2)（飞鸟的）群，（飞机的）一队aflightofwildgeese-群飞雁goose[gu:s]鹅geese[gi:s](pl.)3)一段楼梯aflightofstairs一段楼梯inthefirstflight（英）站在最前头，一流的fly-flew-flownexplorern．探险家explorev．探险，勘探exploretheNorthPole探索北极explorethevirginforest考察原始森林virginn．处女，未婚女子a．未经使用的；处女的例:Weexploredthenewlydiscoveredisland.我们去探测那个新发现的小岛。explorern．探险家explorern．勘探者，探险者例:Columbuswasoneofthegreatestexplorers.哥伦布是最伟大的探险家之一。apolarexplorer极地探险家polara．（近）地极的；磁极的；正好相反的liel)v.说谎lie-lied-lied-lying例：Sheliesaboutherage．她就年龄说谎了。2)n．谎话tellalie说谎话ablacklie恶意的谎言awhitelie善意的谎言livealie过骗人的生活，虚伪做人liveacat-and-doglife过天天吵架的生活3)v，平躺，位于lie-lay-lainlieonone'sback平躺着lieonone'sstomach趴着lieinbed躺在床上例:Letsleepingdogslie.别惊动睡着的狗；别惹是生非；别自找麻烦。Don'ttroubletroublesuntiltroubletroublesyou麻烦惹你之前不要去惹麻烦。BeijingliesintheheartofChina.北京位于中国的心脏地带。lie(说谎)-lied-lied-lyinglie（躺，位于）-lay-lain-lyinglay（放，置于）-laid-laid-laying例：TaiwanliesintheeastofChina．台湾位于中国东部。Laythebookwhereitwas．把书放回原处laythetable放桌子seriousadj.1)严肃的，正经的aseriousconversation一次严肃的谈话aseriousperson一个严肃的人例：I'mseriousthistime.我这次是认真的。2)重大的，危险的(grave)，（疾病，伤痛等）严重的aseriousproblem严重的问题aseriousmistake一个严重的错误aseriousaccident重大的事故aserioustrouble,重大的麻烦例：Takeiteasy.Nothingserious．别紧张，没什么严重的。seriouslyadv.认真地；危险地例：Don'tlookatmesoseriously.别那样一本正经地看着我。Hewasseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccident.他在交通事故中受伤严重。pointn．1)尖端，尖头aknife-point刀尖apencil-point铅笔尖2)点（几何中）例：ABandCDintersectatpointP．AB与CD交于P点。3)小数点，句号2.6读作：twopointsixbesidethepoint离题的gettothepoint言归正传4)地点，位置aparticularpoint某个地点apointofdeparture出发点aturningpoint转折点atonepoint在某个地方，在某一时刻或瞬间strongpoints优点weakpoints缺点Achilles'heel致命的弱点seem看起来（不用于进行时态）appearseemtobe看起来是例:itseemstobethebestanswer.这看起来是最佳答案了。seemlike看起来像例:Itseemslikeadisasteratthismoment.在此刻，这看起来使一场灾难。Itseemsthat…一看起来是例：Itseemsthatsheisright．看起來她是对的。Itseemsasif/asthough看起来就像一样例：Itseemedasifhewouldwin。起来就像他会赢一样。crash1)v．突然倒下，撞击…发出声响，哗啦一声地沖撞（毁损）例:Thedishescrashedtothefloor.餐具稀里哗啦掉到地上去了。Thewallcrasheddown．那面墙哗啦一声倒塌了。2)V．猛撞，撞毁例:Theplanecrashedinthemountains.飞机在山脉里面撞毀了。Hecrashedhiscarintothewall．他的车撞到墙上去了。AChinaplanecrashedinKorearecently.前不久一架中国飞机在韩国坠毀了。3)n．相撞，（飞机的）坠毁、迫降，哗啦声，轰隆声例：Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.在飞机失事中所有的乘客都丧生了。acrashofthunder雷声轰鸣sackn．1)大口袋，大袋子asackofrice一袋大米asackoffood一袋食物putflourinthesack把面粉装进口袋去2)（美）（超级市场等供给顾客的）购物袋apapersack纸袋3)(口)解雇，革职getthesack被解雇give'apersonthesack解雇…sack(v．)sb解雇…4)床，睡袋hitthesack（美口）就寝睡觉holdthesack背黑锅，被留下来负担全责clear1)adj．清楚的，明白的，明显的例：Areyouclear你听明白了吗

Icanhearyouloudandclear．我听得非常的清楚和明白。2)V．移走clearthetable撤桌子，拣桌子clearone'sthroat清嗓子clearsnowfromthestreets清理路面积雪3)V．经过或越过(getpastoroverwithouttouchingit)例:Thehorseclearedthefenceeasily.那匹马很容易的越过栅栏了Theplaneclearedthemountainsatlast.飞机终于越过山脉了。clearup天空放晴例：Theskyclearedupjustaftertherain．雨过天晴了。clearaway消除clearawayobstacles消除障碍aircraftn.飞机Plane/airplane/aeroplane/tin-birdbomber轰炸机fighter战斗机aircraft飞行器，飞机，飞艇，飞船helicopter直升飞机shuttle航天飞机endlessadj.无尽的end)n．末端，尽头，极限theendofaroad一条路的尽头theendofastick条棍子的尽头theendofaline一条线的尽头acigaretteend香烟头candleends蜡烛头2)n．结束，终止，终结attheendoftheyear在年末attheendofthecentury在世纪末端intheend(atlast/finally)最后，终于例：Hesaidhe'slovehertilltheendoftime.他说他将爱她到地老天荒。Heisnearinghisend．=Heisdying．他快要死了。习语idiom:atone'swit'send智穷计尽，无计可施burnthecandleatbothends．劳累过度，过分消耗精力endtoend首尾相接成一行makebothendsmeet使收支相抵endingn．结尾，结局（尤指故事，电影，或戏剧）endlessadj．无尽的{withoutend)theendlessroad无尽的路theendlessplain一望无际的大平原theendlesswait没完没了的等待例：Thelectureseemedendless．那场演讲好像没完没了-less（表否定含义的形容词）hopeless毫无希望的treeless光秃秃的，没树的helpless无助的careless粗心大意的useless毫无作用的merciless不宽恕的，不仁慈的valueless/worthless毫无价值的plain1)n．平原，旷野theplainsofcentralCanada加拿大中部的大平原avastplain大平原agrassyplain草原2)adj.easytosee,hearorunderstandclear清楚的，明白的例：Thenotesyoutookareveryplain．你做的笔记非常清楚。asplainasthenoseonone'sface．一清二楚，显而易见3)adj．普通的，平常的plainclothes普通衣服，便服，（尤指警察的便装）plant卧底，眼线plainpeople平民4)adj．朴素的，简朴的，（服装等）无装饰的plainliving朴素的生活aplaingraydress素静的黑色衣服plainfood清淡的食物tobeplainwithyou对你直说二、关键句型Keystructurescan/beableto1．can只有现在是和过去时，can-could，此外could有时并不强调过。去时而表请求，更加礼貌，客气。eableto可用于各种时态。例：CanIuseyourtelephone我能用你的电话吗

CouldIuseyourtelephone?例：He'llcomeifhecan．要他能够的话他回來的。He'llcomeifheisableto.例:Icanseeyoutomorrow．我明天能见到你。I'IIbeabletoseeyoutomorrow.例：Icouldn'tunderstandhim．我不明白他。Iwasn'tabletounderstandhim.例:Hesaidhecouldseemenextweek.他说他下周能见到我。Hesaidhewouldbeabletoseemenextweek.2．当我们要表明一个动作已经成功地完成的时候，我们必须用was/wereableto，不能用could.例：HewasabletogotoLondonyesterdayandheenjoyedhimselfverymuch.他昨天去了伦敦，而且玩得非常高兴。例:Hedidn'tagreewithmeatfirst,butIwasabletoPersuadehim.他开始不同意我的观点，但我最终说服了他。例:HewasabletoleaveEuropebeforethewarbegan.他在战争开始之前就己经离开了欧洲。三、课文讲解TextIn1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.forthefirsttime第一次firstandforemost首要的是first,lastandallthetime．始终如一，贯彻到底flyover飞越Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.takephotos拍照agreatmany+(pl)许多，大量runintotrouble/getintotrouble惹上麻烦askfortrouble/askforit白找麻烦shakeoffthetrouble摆脱麻烦Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.有关at的短语：例：AtfirstByrdandhismenwereabletotakephotographs.起初，首先Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwofoodsacks.伯德立刻要求助手把两袋食物扔了出去。atonce表示立刻，马上例:Billyisnotathomeatpresent.Heisatschool.现在，比勒不在家，在—上学呢。athome在家atpresent现在atschool在上学例:Afterwalkingforseveralhours,wearrivedatthevillageatlast.走了几个小时之后，我们终于到达这个小村庄了。It'sapityyoucan'tcometotheconcert.Atanyway,you'llbeabletohearitontheradio.你不能来音乐会真是人遗憾了，但是不管怎么说你可以在收音机里听到他。atanywav不管怎么说Iknowhe'softenrudetopeople,buthe'saverypleasantpersonatheart.我知道他有时候对人不礼貌，但是从本质上讲他是一个非常好的人。从本质上来讲atheartIdidn'tknowyouwouldn'tbecoming.Atleastyoucouldhavetelephonedme.我不知道你不能来，至少你也应该给我打个电话啊。atleast至少Hebehavesverystrangelyattimes．他有时候确实古怪。attimes有时候Idon'tknowwhatIcandoaboutitI'mcompletelyataloss.我不知我能做什么，我真的不知我如何是好。ataloss不知如何是好，茫然，困惑itseemedcertainthat类似itseemedtobesurethatItcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.getover/flyover/clear飞越riseto升至rise-rose-risenByrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.atonce表示立刻，马上throwout拋出，丢弃throwaway拋弃例：Throwthoseoldmagazinesaway．把那些旧杂志扔扔掉。throwup放弃（职业，学业等）：呕吐Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.byprep.1)住…旁边bythefire住火旁边bythelake住湖旁边2)经过，沿着例:Hecamethroughthefield,notbytheroad.他不是沿着马路，而是直接穿过田野来的。3)在…之前例:Ihavetogobackbyteno'clock.我必须在IO点钟之前回去。4)以…，用...bytrain坐火车byphone通过电话byairmail用航空邮寄…5)相差...左右，一个接一个例:SheistallerthanIbythreecentimeters.她比我高三厘米。Wedefeatedtheopposingteamby3runs.我们以3分的优势击败对方。ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.because，通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是听话人所不知道的。例:Hedidn'tattendthemeetingbecausehehadtoomuchworktodo。他没有参加会是因为他有太多工作要做了。for1)表因果关系时，可与because互换，但只能放在主句后，不能放在句首。例:Hecouldnothaveseenme,forIwasnotthere.他不可能看见我，因为我没在那。2)还可以表示补充的解释或判断，不可用because代替。（显而易见的理由）例:Itrainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨天晚下雨了，因为地是湿的。since表原因，是指人们一致的事实，“既然”eg:Sincehecan'tanswerthequestion,you'dbetterasksomeoneelse.既然他不能回答这问题，你就最好问别人吧。as比since语气更弱，译作“既然，由于...在含有since，as的句子里，全句重点放在重句的内容上，因为其理由或原因在说话人看来己经很明显，或为听话人所熟悉。insight视线之内outofsight视线之外Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.withoutdifficulty毫无困难的withnodifficulty毫无困难的withsomedifficulty有一定的困难withmuchdifficulty有很多困难withgreatdifficulty有极大的困难withlittledifficulty几乎没有困难wasableto成功做成...Specialdifficulties用带有at的词组来替换句中括号部分，如有必要可作些改动。l.Wefoundourwayhome(intheend).Wefoundoutwayhomeatlast.2.Hestayed(inthehouse)alldayyesterday.Hestayedathomealldayyesterday.3.Youmustwritetohim(immediately).Youmustwritetohimatonce.4.Hecannotseeyou(now)asheisbusy.Hecannotseeyouatthe