人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习

人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?SectionAWhatwerepeopledoingyesterdayatthetimeoftherainstorm.本句为过去进行时态，表示在过去某时间某动作正在发生，由“助动词was/were+v.-ing”。---Whatwereyoudoingatnineyesterdaymorning?---Iwasplayinginthepark.atthetimeof在......的时候Whatwereyoudoingatthetimeoftheearthquake.Myalarmdidn’tgooffsoI_______uplate.Gooff意为”（闹钟）发出响声Thealarmwentoffat6:30.Acaralarmwentoffinthemiddleofthenight.I______tothebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.我__________到公共汽车候车亭，但我还是没赶上公共汽车。Hurryup,oryouwillmissyourtrain.IgotuplatesoImissedtheearlybus.拓展：1）miss作及物动词，意为“想念、思念”2）miss作及物动词，意为“缺课”。。。Whentherainstormsuddenlycame,whatwereyoudoing?此处when作从属连词，意为“当。。。时候”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词既可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词，谓语动词动作发生的时间可以与主句的谓语动词的动作是同时、之前后之后。MymotherwascookingsupperwhenIgothome.Shebegantoplaythepianowhenshewasfiveyearsold.suddenly副词，意为“突然，忽然”在句子中多修饰动词或动词，作状语。IsuddenlyrememberedthatIdidn’tbringmykey.Itallhappenedsosuddenly.Icalledagainateightandyoudidn’tanswertheneither.此处either是副词，意为“也”，只用于否定句。Either用于否定句，一般放在句末。Idon’tlikephysicsandhedoesn’tlikeiteither.Also一般用于肯定句和疑问句常放在句中。ShespeaksEnglishandshealsowritesEnglish.Too一般用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在句末。Areyougoingtowork,too?拓展：either作代词，意为（两者中的）一个。Herearetwobooks.Youcantakeeitherofthem.Whydidyoucallsomanytimes?Somany意为“那么多”，修饰复数名词。Sowhileyouaresleeping,IcalledJennyandshehelpedme.此处while作从属连词，意为“当。。。时候，在。。。期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。Hefellasleepwhilehewaslisteningtomusic.While“当。。。时候”，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词，常用于过去进行时中。Whileweweretalking,hecamein.When“当。。。时候”，其谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。Thesunwasrisingwhenwegottothetopofthemountain.拓展while与when在过去进行时中位置的转换：WhileJohnwasplayingthepiano,Maryleftthehouse.JohnwasplayingthepianowhenMaryleftthehouse.(2011’山东青岛)Tomrushedintothehouse______hismotherwascooking.asB.beforeC.whileD.AfterWithnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.此处light作不可数名词，意为“光、光线”拓展1)light作可数名词，意为“电灯、光源”Don’tcrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.2)Light作形容词，意为“轻的、浅的”Istheboxheavyorlight?Ilikethelightgreendress.light（lit/lighted)作动词，意为“点燃、照亮”Hesatdownandlitacigarette.Ben’sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.Wood作不可数名词，意为“木材，木头”,apieceofwood意为“一块木头”Heputsomewoodinthefire.拓展wood作可数名词，意为“树林”Sheisafraidtowalkthroughthewoodsatnight.Makesure意为“务必、确保、确认”，后面常接that从句或of短语。Makesurethatyouputdowneverywordshesays.Wemustmakesureofit.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindows.beat(beat,beaten)不及物动词，意为“敲打；（风雨等）冲击；（心脏、脉搏等）跳动Someonewasbeatingonthedoor.拓展beat作及物动词，意为”打、敲、打败”Who’sbeatingthedrum?Webeatthemby3:2.against作介词，此处意为“触、碰、撞、倚、靠”Therainbeatagainstthecarwindscreen.Hewasthrowingaballagainstthewall.拓展against作介词，还意为“反对、违反”Theyareagainsttheplan.Thatisagainstthelaw.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.fallasleep为固定短语，意为“进入梦乡、睡着”Diedown固定短语，意为“逐渐变弱；逐渐消失”Asleep作形容词，意为“睡着”，常作表语，无比较级和最高级。Heisasleeponthesofa.Sleepy“困倦的、寂静的”Ifeelsleepy.I’mgoingtobed.Sleeping“睡着的”，作定语；还可以表示与睡有关的东西，如睡袋：sleepingbag,卧铺车厢：sleepingcar,安眠药：sleepingpill.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.1）Wakeup意为“醒来；把。。。叫醒”，可以不带宾语，也可以接名词或代词作宾语。Pleasewakemeupatfiveo’clocktomorrowmorning.2)Rise(rose,risen)作不及物动词，意为“上升、升起”Theriverroseyesterdayafternoon.辨析rise与raiseRise“升起；提高；增加”作不及物动词，主语常为物。Raise“升起；提高；增加”，主语常为人。Thegirlraisetheboxtothetruck.Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart;itbroughtfamiliesandneighborsclosertogether.此处bring(brought,brought)作使役动词，意为“促使”Theybroughtthingsright.他们使事情正确。Butluckily,theriverwasfine.Luckily作副词，意为“幸运地；幸亏”作状语。拓展1）lucky作形容词，意为“幸运的；有好运的”luck作不及物动词，意为“好运；幸运；运气”Goodlucktoyou！Theroadswereicebecauseoftheheavysnowfromthenightbefore.Icy作形容词，意为“结冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”拓展ice作不可数名词，意为“冰”Theiceisthickenoughtoskateon.英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀-y可构成相应的形容词。Ice—icy;frost—frosty;cloud—cloudy;rain—rainy;snow—snowy;wind—windy;sun—sunny;fog—foggySectionBOnthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.Waskilled意为“被杀害”，是一般过去时的被动语态。由助动词was\were+过去分词构成。当句子的主语为动作的承受者或不清楚动作的执行者时，可用被动语态来表示。Thebridgewasbuiltlastyearbyworkers.Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedtherestofourdinnerinsilence.therestof意为“剩余的”Weeatsomeofthebutterandkeeptherestofitforbreakfast.TomisfromEnglandandtherestofusarefromChina.silence不可数名词，意为“沉默、缄默、无声”，短语insilence,意为“沉默、无声”拓展silent形容词，意为“寂静的、无声的”Hekeptsilentwhenheheardthenews.Iwassoscaredthaticouldhardlythinkclearlythinkclearlyafterthat.scared形容词，意为“害怕的；恐惧的”，常作表语，近义词为“afraid”Sheisscaredofmice.hardly副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，表示否定Hehardlydoeshomework.辨析：Hardly副词，意为“几乎不”Shewassoexcitedthatshecouldhardlysleep.Hard形容词，意为“难的；硬的”；Shefoundithardtodecide.副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”Weshouldworkhard.山东临沂）Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecould_____sayaword.AnearlyBhardCeverDhardlySeptember11,2001—thedatealonemeanssomethingtomostpeopleintheUS.1）此处alone作副词，意为“只有；仅仅”常用于名词或代词后Youalonecanhelpme.只有你才能帮助我。辨析：alone与onlyAlone“只有；仅仅”常用于被修饰的名词或代词后Only“只有；仅仅”，要放在所修饰的名词或代词前此处mean(meant,meant)作及物动词，意为“意思是”Thissignmeansthatcarsmuststop.Whatdoesthiswordmean?拓展meaning是名词，意为“意思；含义”，既是可数名词，又是不可数名词。Whatisthemeaningofthelife?Theword“mean”hasseveralmeanings.IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.Havetrouble(in)doingsth.意为”做某事有困难或麻烦”，类似的词组还有：haveproblems\difficulty(in）doingsth.Thousandsofpeoplehavetroublefallingasleep.Hehadnotroublefindingajob.贵州毕节）—Ihave_____inlearningEnglishandI’msoworried.Couldyouhelpmewithit?—Sure,I’dloveto.AjoyBinterestCtroubleDfunButwhenIpointeditouttomyfriend,itwentaway.pointout意为“指出”，人称代词作宾语时应放在动词之后，副词之前。Thereisamistakeinthissentence.Canyoupintitout?拓展point作不及物动词，意为“指向”，常与介词at,to,towards,等连用Shepointedatme,laughing.Points作可数名词，意为”点；要点”Let’sdiscussthedifficultpointsinthepassage.goaway意为“离去”Whilemybrotherwaslaughing,thetelevisionnewsreportedthatotherpeoplehadseenthelightaswell.hadseen为过去完成时，表示在过去的某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，由助动词had+过去分词构成Irealizedthatihadleftmyhomeworkathome.aswell相当一个副词，意为“还，也”，只用于疑问句或肯定句，常放在句末。Aretheycomingaswell?辨析aswell与aswellasAswell副词，意为“还，也”ShespeaksJapaneseaswell.Aswellas“既。。。又。。。；不仅。。。而且。。。”作并列连词Shegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.语法专项过去进行时过去进行时的构成及用法由助动词was\were+v.ing构成，表示过去某一时刻或时间段正在进行的动作。时间状语，如then,atthattime,yesterday,at8:00yesterdaymorning,allnight以及when\while从句等Iwasreadingabokinthelibraryatthattime.TheywerehavinganEnglishclassat9:00yesterdaymorning.Hewasreadingastory-bookwhentheteachercamein.过去进行时的基本句式肯定句：主语+was\were+v.-ing+其他Iwassleepingatteno’clocklastnight.否定句：主语+wasn’t\weren’t+v.-ing+其他Iwasn’tsleepingatteno’clocklastnight.疑问句：Was\Were+主语+v.-ing+其他？Wereyousleepingatteno’clocklastnight?Yes,Iwas.\No,Iwasn’t.天津)Isawhiminthelibraryyesterday.He_____abookatthatmoment.AreadsBisreadingCwasreadingDwillread短语归纳Waitfor等候2.Lookfor寻找Gooff（闹钟）发出响声4.Takeashower洗澡；淋浴Pickup接电话6.Makesure务必；确保Havefun玩的开心8.Fallasleep入睡；睡着

9.Diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失10.Wakeup醒来；叫醒Inamess凌乱不堪；乱七八糟12.Cleanup打扫干净；整理Intimesofdifficulty在困难时期14.Takephotos拍照Playthepiano弹钢琴16.Turnon打开Listentotheradio听收音机18.Rightaway立刻；马上19havealook看20.Getto到达Becauseof因为22.Makeone’sway行走；前进Insilence沉默地；无声地24.Takedown摧毁；拆卸；记下

25.Tellthetruth说实话26.Pointout指出Goaway消失；离开28.Aswell也Threetimesaweek一周三次30.Callout喊出用法集萃Bebusydoingsth.忙着做某事Seesb.\sth.Doingsth.看见某人某物正在做某事Begin\starttodosth.开始做某事Trytodosth.努力做某事It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是。。。的Havetrouble（in）doingsth做某事有困难单元练习一单项选择()1.Aftermyalarmclockeverymorning,Igetupandgetdressed.AturnsonBturnsoffCgoesonDgoesoff()2.Thankyouverymuch,Ican’tpassthetestyourhelp.AwithBbecauseofCbecauseDwithout()3.—Look!Thecat______fromthetree.

—Yes.It

______thetreejustnow.

A.isjumpingdown;climbedup

B.isjumpingdown;isclimbingup

C.jumpsdown;wasclimbingup

D.jumpsdown;climbed()4.Whatwereyoudoing________

lastSundaymorning

A.atB.in C.over D./()5.WhileIwasatthe________,Iheardanurse

________Davy’sname.

A.doctors’;call B.doctor’s;tocall

C.doctor’s;calling D.doctors’;called()6.

Theboywithtwodogs________

intheyardwhentheearthquakehitthecity.

A.isplaying B.areplaying

C.wereplaying D.wasplaying()7.Myfatherwasreadinganewspaperwhilemymother________dinner. A.iscooking B.cooks C.wascooking D.willcook()8.Allthestudentsweresleeping_______theyheardaman_______“help”.A.when;shoutingB.while;toshoutC.when;toshoutD.while;shouted()9TherainstormcamewhileAnn________herpurseintheclassroom.A.waslookingforB.lookedforC.islookingatD.looksat()10..—Iwenttothemoonandtookawalktherelastnight.AGoodluckBGoodideaCYou’rekiddingDBestwish()11.“Theyarefillingthebagswithclothes.”meansthey’re________AputtingtheirclothesawayB.puttingtheirclothesintothebagsC.puttingdowntheirclothesD.puttingontheirclothes()12.Mr.Blacktalkedabouthissonwiththeteacherthephone.A.byB.onC.inD.with()13—Whatareyoudoing—Iamthinkingaboutattheclassmeeting.A.howsayB.whatsayC.howtosayD.whattosay()14.—Dad,couldyoupleasedrive

—Nohurry.Wehaveenoughtimebeforetheplanetakesoff.A.fasterB.fastestC.moreslowlyD.morecarefully()15.Itriedseveraljacketson,but______ofthemlookedgood.A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.neither()16.

Whenthemandownstairsknockedatthedoor,I

_______.

A.

amdoinghousework B.wasdoinghousework

C.weredoinghousework

D.amgoingtodohousework()17.Thereisablackboard

________ourclassroom.Ourteacherwasstanding________theblackboardatthistimeyesterday.

A.infrontof;inthefrontof B.inthefrontof;on

C.inthefrontof;infrontof D.infrontof;in()18.It’sfiveo’clocknow.Mymotherdinnerinthekitchen.AwasmakingBismakingCmakesDmade()19.Atthattime,theyneededsometomakeafire.AlightBmatchCwindDwood()20.Myfatherbooksintheroomatthistimeyesterday.AwasseeingBwasreadingCisreadingDread()21.Benandhisfriendswalkedsilence.AhomeinBtohomeCtohomeatDhome()22.Whatyourparentsatthistimeyesterday

Awas;doingBdid;doCwere;doingDare;doing()23.Whatarain!It’srainingso.Aheavily;heavyBheavy;heavyCheavily;heavilyDheavy;heavily()24.Whatwereyoudoingthetimethestorm

Aat;ofBin;atCon;ofDat;in()25.My