英汉词语的对比与翻译课件

英汉词语的对比与翻译增补译法词类转换词义引申英汉词语的对比与翻译增补译法1英汉词语的对应关系finger,air-conditionerlightindustry,lightdrinkHewaswearingdarkglasses,agreyshirt,andablacktie.telecommuters,woopieItwasFridayandsoonthey’dgooutandgetdrunk.TheeconomyofthefoureconomictigersinAsiabecameweaklastyear.英汉词语的对应关系finger,air-condition2完全对应---一一对译部分对应---根据上下文，词语搭配缺乏对应---释义文化内涵不同---归化，增补文化信息完全对应---一一对译3Exercise:Softgoods,softjob,softeconomy,softfireThereareonlyfiveminutesleft,Ineedtogototherestroom.Toreducelossandincreaseoverallprofits,theCEOtoldhisproductmanagerstogetridofallthedogs.Exercise:Softgoods,softjob,4增补译法(1)Theequipmentshouldenterproductionin2000withfirstdeliveriesbeingmadein2001.(2)Theprojecthasbeenconsiderablyspeededup.(3)AccordingtotheU.S.CommerceDepartment,theUnitedStatesforeigndebtswelledto$263.3billionin1986,upfrom$111.9billionin1985.(4)Thepurposeofengineeringistocreateusefulgoods,tomakethembetter,cheaperandmoreabundant.(5)Boththebuyerandthesellerarebusyatnegotiationsofbusiness,contractanddraft.(6)Aforeigntradestaffmusthaveagoodfoundationineconomics,mathematics,statistics,accountingandinterculturalcommunication.增补译法(1)Theequipmentshoulde5(1)Theequipmentshouldenterproductionin2000withfirstdeliveriesbeingmadein2001.这种设备可望在2000年投产，2001年首批交货。（增加量词）(2)Theprojecthasbeenconsiderablyspeededup.工程的进度大大加快了。（增加名词，表概念）(3)AccordingtotheU.S.CommerceDepartment,theUnitedStatesforeigndebtswelledto$263.3billionin1986,upfrom$111.9billionin1985.根据美国商务部统计，美国的外债已从1985年的1119亿美元激增到1986年的2633亿美元。（增加动词，逻辑需要）(1)Theequipmentshouldenter6(4)Thepurposeofengineeringistocreateusefulgoods,tomakethembetter,cheaperandmoreabundant.工程的目的是要创造有用的物品，使他们的质量更好，价格更便宜，数量更充足。（语义搭配需要）(5)Boththebuyerandthesellerarebusyatnegotiationsofbusiness,contractanddraft.买卖双方正忙于交易磋商，合约谈判和汇票议付。(6)Aforeigntradestaffmusthaveagoodfoundationineconomics,mathematics,statistics,accountingandinterculturalcommunication.一位外贸人员必须在经济学，数学，统计学，会计学和文化交际等五个方面具有良好的功底。（增加范畴词，表概括）(4)Thepurposeofengineering7词类转换(1)ConsideringthesmallamountofgoodsshippedweagreetomakeanexceptionbyacceptingthepaymentbyD/P.(2)Thenewcontractwouldbegoodfortenyears.(3)Silkin,andsyntheticfibersareout.(4)Theconferencewasonthecontroversialissuesinpolicybetweentheclientsandinsurancescompanies.(5)Wehavetomakeitsurethattheremittanceofcommissionmadeassuchisnotagainstlocalregulations.词类转换(1)Consideringthesmall8(1)ConsideringthesmallamountofgoodsshippedweagreetomakeanexceptionbyacceptingthepaymentbyD/P.鉴于货运量很小，我们同意破例接受付款交单。(2)Thenewcontractwouldbegoodfortenyears.新的合同有效期为10年。(3)Silkin,andsyntheticfibersareout.丝绸时髦了，而人造纤维失宠了。(1)Consideringthesmallamou9(4)Theconferencewasonthecontroversialissuesinpolicybetweentheclientsandinsurancescompanies.大会讨论了客户和保险公司之间在保险条款方面有争议的问题。(5)Wehavetomakeitsurethattheremittanceofcommissionmadeassuchisnotagainstlocalregulations.我们得确保这样汇付佣金不违反当地规定。(4)Theconferencewasonthe10词义引申(1)Thesedays,theU.S.economyisn’t“graduatingenoughscientiststofilltheneedofthecomingdecades,”fretsCharlesC.Leighton,“That’sarealconcern”.(2)Themajorprobleminmanufactureisthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.(3)Nowthatthemergerof“dot”and“com”hascreatedsomanyyoungmillionaires,there’sanewtopic:venturecapital.(4)TheEEC’sCommonAgriculturalpolicyisadinosaurwhichisadding￡13.50aweektothefoodbilloftheaverageBritishfamily.词义引申(1)Thesedays,theU.S.e11(1)Thesedays,theU.S.economyisn’t“graduatingenoughscientiststofilltheneedofthecomingdecades,”fretsCharlesC.Leighton,“That’sarealconcern”.近年来，美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要”，查尔斯·C·莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题”。(2)Themajorprobleminmanufactureisthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.生产制造过程中的一个主要问题是控制污染和杂质。(1)Thesedays,theU.S.econo12(3)Nowthatthemergerof“dot”and“com”hascreatedsomanyyoungmillionaires,there’sanewtopic:venturecapital.既然网络公司的兼并造就了如此多的百万富翁，我们面临一个新的话题：风险资本。(4)TheEEC’sCommonAgriculturalpolicyisadinosaurwhichisadding￡13.50aweektothefoodbilloftheaverageBritishfamily.欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.50英镑。(3)Nowthatthemergerof“do13Exercise:(1)Inspecttheinstrumentcarefullyfordamagewhenremovingitfromtheprotectivecontainer.(2)Theseoccurrencesarenormal,withinspecifications,andarenotindicativeofdefectsintheproduct.(3)Itseemstheconsumersinpoorcountriesaregreenerthanthoseinrichones.(4)Wefinddifficultyinraisingagreatnumberoffundswhenthegovernmentexecutesthetightmoneypolicy.(5)Weareexportersoftheabovegoods,havingabackgroundofsome30years.(6)EveryoneknowsthatJohnlosthisshirtwhenthebusinesshehadinvestedfailed.Exercise:(1)Inspecttheinstr14(1)Inspecttheinstrumentcarefullyfordamagewhenremovingitfromtheprotectivecontainer.当从包装箱中取出仪器时，请仔细检查有无损坏之处。(2)Theseoccurrencesarenormal,withinspecifications,andarenotindicativeofdefectsintheproduct.这些现象都是正常的，符合规格的，并不表明产品有瑕疵。(3)Itseemstheconsumersinpoorcountriesaregreenerthanthoseinrichones.贫困国家的消费者似乎比富国的更具有环保意识。(1)Inspecttheinstrumentcar15(4)Wefinddifficultyinraisingagreatnumberoffundswhenthegovernmentexecutesthetightmoneypolicy.当政府实行紧缩银根政策时，我们觉得难以筹集大量资金。(5)Weareexportersoftheabovegoods,havingabackgroundofsome30years.我们出口上述商品，已经经营了30多年。(6)EveryoneknowsthatJohnlosthisshirtwhenthebusinesshehadinvestedfailed.大家都知道，约翰生意破产后就倾家荡产了。(4)Wefinddifficultyinrais16英汉词语的对比与翻译增补译法词类转换词义引申英汉词语的对比与翻译增补译法17英汉词语的对应关系finger,air-conditionerlightindustry,lightdrinkHewaswearingdarkglasses,agreyshirt,andablacktie.telecommuters,woopieItwasFridayandsoonthey’dgooutandgetdrunk.TheeconomyofthefoureconomictigersinAsiabecameweaklastyear.英汉词语的对应关系finger,air-condition18完全对应---一一对译部分对应---根据上下文，词语搭配缺乏对应---释义文化内涵不同---归化，增补文化信息完全对应---一一对译19Exercise:Softgoods,softjob,softeconomy,softfireThereareonlyfiveminutesleft,Ineedtogototherestroom.Toreducelossandincreaseoverallprofits,theCEOtoldhisproductmanagerstogetridofallthedogs.Exercise:Softgoods,softjob,20增补译法(1)Theequipmentshouldenterproductionin2000withfirstdeliveriesbeingmadein2001.(2)Theprojecthasbeenconsiderablyspeededup.(3)AccordingtotheU.S.CommerceDepartment,theUnitedStatesforeigndebtswelledto$263.3billionin1986,upfrom$111.9billionin1985.(4)Thepurposeofengineeringistocreateusefulgoods,tomakethembetter,cheaperandmoreabundant.(5)Boththebuyerandthesellerarebusyatnegotiationsofbusiness,contractanddraft.(6)Aforeigntradestaffmusthaveagoodfoundationineconomics,mathematics,statistics,accountingandinterculturalcommunication.增补译法(1)Theequipmentshoulde21(1)Theequipmentshouldenterproductionin2000withfirstdeliveriesbeingmadein2001.这种设备可望在2000年投产，2001年首批交货。（增加量词）(2)Theprojecthasbeenconsiderablyspeededup.工程的进度大大加快了。（增加名词，表概念）(3)AccordingtotheU.S.CommerceDepartment,theUnitedStatesforeigndebtswelledto$263.3billionin1986,upfrom$111.9billionin1985.根据美国商务部统计，美国的外债已从1985年的1119亿美元激增到1986年的2633亿美元。（增加动词，逻辑需要）(1)Theequipmentshouldenter22(4)Thepurposeofengineeringistocreateusefulgoods,tomakethembetter,cheaperandmoreabundant.工程的目的是要创造有用的物品，使他们的质量更好，价格更便宜，数量更充足。（语义搭配需要）(5)Boththebuyerandthesellerarebusyatnegotiationsofbusiness,contractanddraft.买卖双方正忙于交易磋商，合约谈判和汇票议付。(6)Aforeigntradestaffmusthaveagoodfoundationineconomics,mathematics,statistics,accountingandinterculturalcommunication.一位外贸人员必须在经济学，数学，统计学，会计学和文化交际等五个方面具有良好的功底。（增加范畴词，表概括）(4)Thepurposeofengineering23词类转换(1)ConsideringthesmallamountofgoodsshippedweagreetomakeanexceptionbyacceptingthepaymentbyD/P.(2)Thenewcontractwouldbegoodfortenyears.(3)Silkin,andsyntheticfibersareout.(4)Theconferencewasonthecontroversialissuesinpolicybetweentheclientsandinsurancescompanies.(5)Wehavetomakeitsurethattheremittanceofcommissionmadeassuchisnotagainstlocalregulations.词类转换(1)Consideringthesmall24(1)ConsideringthesmallamountofgoodsshippedweagreetomakeanexceptionbyacceptingthepaymentbyD/P.鉴于货运量很小，我们同意破例接受付款交单。(2)Thenewcontractwouldbegoodfortenyears.新的合同有效期为10年。(3)Silkin,andsyntheticfibersareout.丝绸时髦了，而人造纤维失宠了。(1)Consideringthesmallamou25(4)Theconferencewasonthecontroversialissuesinpolicybetweentheclientsandinsurancescompanies.大会讨论了客户和保险公司之间在保险条款方面有争议的问题。(5)Wehavetomakeitsurethattheremittanceofcommissionmadeassuchisnotagainstlocalregulations.我们得确保这样汇付佣金不违反当地规定。(4)Theconferencewasonthe26词义引申(1)Thesedays,theU.S.economyisn’t“graduatingenoughscientiststofilltheneedofthecomingdecades,”fretsCharlesC.Leighton,“That’sarealconcern”.(2)Themajorprobleminmanufactureisthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.(3)Nowthatthemergerof“dot”and“com”hascreatedsomanyyoungmillionaires,there’sanewtopic:venturecapital.(4)TheEEC’sCommonAgriculturalpolicyisadinosaurwhichisadding￡13.50aweektothefoodbilloftheaverageBritishfamily.词义引申(1)Thesedays,theU.S.e27(1)Thesedays,theU.S.economyisn’t“graduatingenoughscientiststofilltheneedofthecomingdecades,”fretsCharlesC.Leighton,“That’sarealconcern”.近年来，美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要”，查尔斯·C·莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题”。(2)Themajorprobleminmanufactureisthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.生产制造过程中的一个主要问题是控制污染和杂质。(1)Thesedays,theU.S.econo28(3)Nowthatthemergerof“dot”and“com”hascreatedsomanyyoungmillionaires,there’sanewtopic:venturecapital.既然网络公司的兼并造就了如此多的百万富翁，我们面临一个新的话题：风险资本。(4)TheEEC’sCommonAgriculturalpolicyisadinosaurwhichisadding￡13.50aweektothefoodbilloftheaverageBritishfamily.欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.50英镑。(3)Nowthatthemergerof“do29Exercise:(1)Inspecttheinstrumentcarefullyfordamagewhenremovingitfromtheprotectivecontainer.(2)Theseoccurrencesarenormal,withinspecifications,andarenotindicativeofd