新视野大学英语4-unit1-unit5-sectionA课后练习答案

/12新视野大学英语4Unit1--Unit5SectionA课后练习Unit1Unit1crumble崩溃，瓦解，消失discern看出，觉察出，辨明Surpass超过，胜过shrewd精明的，机敏的，准确的conversion转变，改造，转换distort歪曲，曲解radiant容光焕发的，喜悦的ingenious有独创性的，别出心裁的stump使困惑，难倒proposition提议，建议，主张Asthegenderbarriers(crumbled),thenumberofwomenworkingaslawyers,doctors,orbankersbegantoincreasesignificantlyfromthemid-20thcentury.Withthedatacollectedeachyear,theowneroftheshopcan(discern)customertrendsandhowthingslikeweatherandeconomicindicatorsaffectsalesperformance.Hissupervisorpushesandmotivateshiminsuchapositivemannerthatheisnotonlyabletoreachbutto(surpass)hispersonalgoals.Heisamanwitha(n)(shrewd)businesssense.Hehasbuilthisinitialinvestmentintoasubstantialandevenexcessivelylargefortune.The(conversion)ofnuclearradiationdirectlyintoelectricitywasanexcitingpossibilitythatwasbeingvigorouslyexploredinmanylaboratoriesinthe1950s.Iwasnotonlyshockedbutalsodisgustedthatthereporttriedto(distort)thescientificfactsinsuchamannerthatevensomehighly-educatedpeoplewerefooled.Sixty-twoandblessedwithhismother'sskin,thefishermanhadwithstoodalifetimeofexposuretothesunandlookedas(radiant)asamaninhisforties.FrencheducatorLouisBrailleinventedasimplebut(ingenious)codewhichhashadanimpactonthelivesofgenerationsofpeoplewhoareblind.Thesenatorsdidn'texpectustoasksuchtoughquestions,andwhenwefinallydid,theygot(stumped)anddidn'tknowwhattosay.

Thisnewlyestablisheduniversitysupportsthe(proposition)thatamorediversehighereducationsystemisdesirablesinceitwouldenhanceopportunitiesforlifelonglearning.短语forlifelonglearning.短语bedrippingwith满是…，充满inexchangefor作为交换flareup突然发怒，骤然makeananalogybetween在…间做类比setadatefor为…定日期make…outof使…变成madeapact约好，达成协议appealeto诉诸，唤起Thebrickwallsoftheruinedbuildings(weredrippingwith)greenmoldandmoisture,andsheshiveredinvoluntarily,lookingdowntoavoidthesight.Asurbanpopulationsexportedfinishedgoods(inexchangefor)rawmaterialsfromneighboringpopulations,organizedtradegrewsubstantially.Knowingjusthowquicklyawildfirecanspread,someresidentsofthevillagedecidedtoleavetheirhomesaftertheflames(flaredup)nearby.Biologyteachersoften(makeananalogybetween)theheartandapumpinordertohelpstudentsunderstandhowtheheartworks.Theywouldliketo(setadatefor)theirweddingandannouncetheirengagementtotheirfamiliesandfriendsassoonaspossible.Hewasdeterminednottosouraperfectlygooddaywiththememoryofonejealousclassmatetryingto(make)afool(outof)himinfrontoftheentireclass.Thecouple(madeapact)nevertoworkatthesametime,sothatoneofthemwasalwaysonfull-timeparentingduty,andtheirchildwouldn'thavetobelookedafterbystrangers.Thepresidentsaidthatit'stheworstearthquakeevertohitthecountry,andthathe(hadappealedto)theworldforhelp,askinginparticularforheavy-lifthelicoptersabletocarryreliefsuppliesintotheisolatedmountainareas.英译汉AristotlewasanancientGreekphilosopherandscientist.亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。Hiswritingscovermanysubjects,includingphysics,biology,zoology,logic,ethics,poetry,theater,music,linguistics,politicsandgovernment,andconstitutethefirstcomprehensivesystemofWesternphilosophy.他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。Aristotlewasthefirsttoclassifyareasofhumanknowledgeintodistinctdisciplinessuchasmathematics,biology,andethics.亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。Hebelievedallpeople'sconceptsandalltheirknowledgewereultimatelybasedonperception.他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。Hisviewsonnaturalscienceslaidthegroundworkformanyofhisworks.他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。Hecontributedtoalmosteveryfieldofhumanknowledgeinhisera.他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。Hisworkscontaintheearliestknownformalstudyoflogic,andeventodayallaspectsofAristotle'sphilosophycontinuetobetheimportantsubjectofacademicstudy.他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。Hisphilosophyhadalong-lastinginfluenceonthedevelopmentofallWesternphilosophicaltheories.他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。Morethan2,300yearsafterhisdeath,Aristotleremainsoneofthemostinfluentialphilosophersandscientists.在去世2,300多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。Unit2

deficient不足的，有缺陷的deficient不足的，有缺陷的prosecution起诉，指控outrage义愤，愤慨，震怒，暴行appease平息，安抚，抚慰conformityn・遵照，遵从，符合strand组成部分，方面complement与…互补transient短暂的，临时的appliances家用电器，家用器具outfitn・全套服装v・为…提供全套服装，装备1・Weneedtoimprovethequalityofeducationsothatourchildrenwillnotleaveschool(deficient)inliteraryandreasoningskills・2・Inasocietygovernedbytheruleoflaw,everycitizenissubjecttopossible(prosecution)ifheviolatesthelaw・3・Thepaygapbetweenaverageworkersandtopcorporateofficershasledtopubic(outrage)asexecutivesreceivelargepackagesdespitefallingshareprices・4・Thedeliciousmeal(appeased)ourhungerandmadeusfeelwarmagainafterhavingwalkedinthesnowallday・5・Themilitaryinsistson(conformity)inmanyareas,forexample,dressandhaircut,withtheprimaryobjectiveofpromotinggroupunity・6・Mydaughterusedtoplaywiththedogbytakinga(n)(strand)ofitshairandthenspendingalongtimerubbing,combingandtwistingit・7・Whensheleftfortheparty,shetookgreatcaretomakehernecklaceandshoes(complement)herdress・8・Itwasnecessarytoprovidelivingplacesfor(transient)immigrantspassingthroughtheareaontheirwaytomorepermanentdwellings・9・Theyhadjustmovedin,sotheyneededtobuyanumberofkitchen(appliances),includingamicrowaveoven,atoaster,andacoffeemaker・10・Shewantedabeautifulandelegant(outfit)toattendtheweddingofafriend,butcouldn'tfindanythingsatisfactoryinthenearbyshops・短语短语inhopesof怀有…的希望excuseherself礼貌地告辞comeupwith想出，提出beobsessedwith对…着迷reachoutto请求…的帮助liveupto不辜负，做到，实践voiceanopiniononintermsof就…而言Everymonth,theCommunityServicesCenteroffersseverallecturesonhealthandfitness(inhopesof)introducingpeopletohealthierlifestyles.Doyouknowwho(cameupwith)theideaofhavingcheesecakefordessertyesterday?Itwasdeliciousandmadeeveryonehappy.ThepainmedicationleftClaudiafeelingratherdullandsleepy,andsoonafterdinnersheapologizedforbeingsuchpoorcompanyand(excusedherself)tobed.WhenIwasyoung,I(wasobsessedwith)maps,andIsometimesspentthewholedaychartinglandroutesfromonepointtoanother.Tomakeimmigrantscomfortable(reachingoutto)policeforhelp,morethan70citiesnowbarpolicefromaskingthemtoprovetheirlegalstatus.Marywasoftenaccusedof"havingastrongpersonality"becauseshewasnotafraidto(voiceanopinionon)subjectsaboutwhichshewasknowledgeable.Attheendofhisterminoffice,thegovernorwascriticizedforfailureto(liveupto)hiscampaignpromise.Resultsofasurveyrevealedthatofthetop10automobilemakers(intermsof)customersatisfaction,sixwereJapaneseandtwowereGerman.英译汉WilliamShakespeareiswidelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld'spre-eminent(杰出的)dramatist.人们普遍认为，威廉?莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家和世界杰出的戏剧家。Hisplayshavebeentranslatedintoavastnumberoflanguagesandareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyotherplaywright.他的剧本被译成多种语言，并且比其他任何剧作家的作品都上演得多。Shakespeare'searlyworksweremostlycomediesandhistories，whichhavethereputationofbeingamongthefinestmasterpiecesproducedinthesegenres(体裁)eventoday.莎士比亚的早期作品大多是喜剧和历史剧。即使在今天，这些作品仍是同类作品中的杰作，享有绝佳声望。Lateron,Shakespearewrotemainlytragedies,someofwhich,likeHamletandKingLear,earnedhimfameintheentireWesternliterature.后来莎士比亚的创作主要是悲剧，其中一些作品，如《哈姆雷特》和《李尔王》，为其在整个西方文学界赢得了声誉。ThemoststrikingfeaturesofShakespearearehisbrilliantuseoflanguageandhisuniversalthemes.莎士比亚最显著的特点是其精彩的语言运用及具有普遍意义的主题。HecontributedthousandsofwordstoEnglish,manyofwhichhavebecomeembeddedinthelanguage.他创造了数千个英语词汇，其中许多已经深植于英语中。Histhemesaresouniversalthattheytranscendgenerationstostirtheimaginationsofreadersandaudiencesworldwide.他的作品主题具有普遍意义，所以能够数代流传，激发世界各地读者和观众的想象力。Shakespearehasinfluencedandinspiredmanywritersoverthecenturies.数世纪以来，莎士比亚影响和激励了许多作家。Hiswritingsremainhighlypopulartoday,andtheyareconstantlystudied,performed,andreinterpretedindiverseculturesthroughouttheworld.其作品至今依旧广受欢迎，在世界各地的文化中被不断地研究、上演和诠释。Shakespearewillcontinuetohaveanenormousimpactonfutureplaywrights,novelists,poets,actors,andscholars.莎士比亚将继续对未来的剧作家、小说家、诗人、演员和学者产生巨大影响。Unit3exquisite传播，散发，分散，驱散分散disperse精美的，精致的deduce推理，推断decentralize（政府、组织等的部门）fixture固定物，固定成员

frugality节约，节俭revive复兴，重新流行，复活administrate管理，掌管elapse过去，流逝disjointed不连贯的，不协调的Thecurtainschangedtheatmosphereofthehousecompletelyandmadeitintoaplaceof(exquisite)beauty.Asthesun(dispersed)theclouds,weenjoyedourafternoonofplayingcardsintheforestundertheclearskyandobservingthemostspectacularviewIhaveeverseeninmylife.Thebigcompany(decentralized)theiroperationslastyearandopenedseveralregionalofficesinthecountrytomeettheneedsofthemarket.Itisnoteasyto(deduce)atrendofgrowthfromtheavailablefactssincetheyarequitescarceandnotthatconvincing.Formerlyfoundonlyinlargeindustrialapplications,microwaveovensnowhavebecomeastandard(fixture)ofmostmodernkitchens.Hecallsonthepublictosaveineverydaylifeandbelievesthat(frugality)isthekeytobattlingaculturethatrewardsmindlessconsumption.Heissuitableforthepositionasheisyoungenoughtounderstandwhattheteenagersthinkbutoldenoughto(administrate)theirprograms.Whenaskedaboutherwhereaboutsat9o'clockthatnight,shegavearather(disjointed)response,whichcaughtthedetective'sattention.(Reviving)thestalledeconomyandstickingtopromisestobringthedeficitdownnextyearisprovingtobetheprincipaltestforthenewpresident.Aconsiderableperiodoftimehasto(elapse)beforetheeffectsofsuchsecuritymeasuresasclosed-circuittelevisioncamerasandcell-phonemonitoringbecomeevidentinreducingcrimes.短语becomeevidentinreducingcrimes.短语held…inhighregard敬重，尊敬Intheinterim在其间beontosomething发现新事物inturn轮流，依次fromtimetotime有时，间或pickon找…的茬，不公平地责备takeastabat试图做某事boildownto归结为….Becauseofhisquietpersonality,manypeoplesaidtheywouldnotelecthimpresidentoftheinstitutethoughthey(1)(held)him(2)(inhighregard).PetergraduatedfromcollegeinJuneandstartedhisworkintheautocompanyinAugust.(Intheinterim),hetookatriparoundthecountry.Whenhisadvertisementusingthenewdigitaltechniquedrewasmanyas5,000responsesovernight,heknewhe(wasontosomething).Whenstudentsaremoreinvolvedintheiracademicandextracurricularactivities,theywillexperiencearichercampuslife,which(inturn)benefitstheirdevelopment.Thescientistsoftheresearchcenterkeepthegoodhabitofsumminguptheirexperience(fromtimetotime).Whenevertheolderkidsinschooltriedto(pickon)herbrother,shewouldnotbeafraidtostandupforhim.Ifhedoesn'ttrytogetaticketnow,he'sprobablynotgoingtogetone.So,hemightwantto(takeastabat)itonemoretime.Therearealotofreasonsforreplacingyourharddriveoraddinganewonetoyouroldcomputer,buttheyall(boildownto)theneedformorespace.WiththedevelopmentofcomputerscienceandtheInternettechnology,socialnetworkingservices(SNS)havecometobeawidelypopularplatformtobuildsocialnetworksorsocialrelationsamongpeopleinrecentyears.近年来，随着计算机科学和互联网技术的发展，社交网络服务(SNS)已经成为人们构建社交网络和社会关系的一个广受欢迎的平台。SNSareweb-basedservicesthatallowindividualstocreateapublicprofile,createalistofuserswithwhomtoshareconnection,andviewandcrosstheconnectionswithinthesystem.SNS是基于网页的服务，允许个人创建面向公众的个人简介，创建用户名单以分享社会联系，并对系统内的关系网进行浏览和交叉连接。Socialnetworkingsitesarevariedandtheyincorporatenewinformationand

communicationtools,allowinguserstoshareideas,pictures,posts,activities,events,interestswithpeopleintheirnetwork.社交网站多种多样，可整合各种新的信息及通讯工具，并允许用户跟网络中的其他人分享观点、图片、帖子、活动、事件以及兴趣爱好等。SNShaveaffectedthesociallifeandactivityofpeopleinvariousways.SNS已通过各种方式影响到人们的社会生活以及社交活动。Withitsavailabilityonmanymobiledevices,asocialnetworkingserviceallowstheuserstocontinuouslystayintouchwithfriends,relativesandotheracquaintanceswherevertheyareintheworld,aslongasthereisaccesstotheInternet.随着各种移动设备对SNS访问的实现，只要能连接上互联网，用户在世界上的任何地方都能一直与朋友、亲戚及其他认识的人保持联络。Asocialnetworkingservicecanalsounitepeoplewithcommoninterestsandbeliefsthroughgroupsandotherpages,andhasbeenknowntoreunitelostfamilymembersandfriendsbecauseofthewidespreadreachofitsnetwork.SNS还可让拥有相同兴趣和信念的人通过群组或其他页面建立联系，同时，由于其网络分布广阔，还能让失散的家庭成员或朋友重新团聚，这点早已为人所知。Unit5Unit5fabricate编造，捏造nominal名义上的，有名无实的temporal收时间限制的，世俗的reciprocal相互的，交互的denote意指，代表，表示Althoughhewasnotalegalexpert,(fabricate)anythingtomisleadthepublic.consecutive连续的，不间断的spectator观众（可数）mutter低嘀咕，低声说compositen・合成物adj合成的malicious恶意的，恶毒的heknewitwouldnotbeproperto2・Hedoesnotworkfulltimethere,buthehasbeenthe(nominal)headoftheorganization'sscholarshipprogramforfiveyears・3・AsMarkwalkedthesitesonthatinitialtripofthemigrants,hefoundsomeimportant(temporal)clues—datedbustickets,shoppingreceiptsandcalendars・Inurbanplanning,itisimportanttotakeintoconsiderationthe(reciprocal)influencebetweenthetransportationnetworkandotherfacilities,forexampleshoppingcentersandmedicalcenters.Thelabel"SmartChoices"onthefrontoffoodpackagesusually(denotes)productsthatmeetcriteriaforlowerfat,sugarandsodium(钠)content.ThepublichighschoolgraduationratesinNewMexicoandArizonahavebeenincreasingforthree(consecutive)years,thankstoanonlineprogramthathelpsstudentsearnmissingcredits.Intheaccidentattheairshowlastweek,apilotand10(spectators)werekilledwhenafighterplanecrashedintothecrowd.Themotherwasnotsurewheretheboyswent,butshedidhearthem(muttering)somethingaboutgoingoutforamoviewithfriends.ThisnewlyreleasedportraitofPlanetEarthisactuallya(composite)ofseveralpicturestakenearlierthismonthbyanewresearchsatellite.Youshouldn'tfeelinsulted.Wecanassureyouhemeanttobefriendlyandtherewasnothingimpoliteor(malicious)inhiswords.短语gettothepoint切入主题besuspiciousof感觉不可信任，怀疑beattachedto与…有联系，是…wanderaround离题，漫游，闲逛的特征ontheside作为副业，作为兼职starvetodeath饿死berepresentativeof有代表性的Ifanything如果有什么不同1.Wechattedforhalfanhourbeforehefinally(gottothepoint):HewantedtoworkasabusinessconsultantandwonderedifIcouldpassalongthenamesofcertainpotentialclients.Scientistsattheresearchcenteridentifiedvariousfeaturesthat(areattachedto)thecommoditiespurchasedbyfemaleconsumers.Thethreemountainclimbers(wouldhavestarvedtodeath)ifthevillagershadnotfoundthemlyingatthebottomofthevalley.Theboylookeduptimidlyathisfatherwhowassittingnexttohim,buthe新视野大学英语4-unit1-unit5-sectionA课后练习答案didn'tstopcrying.(Ifanything),hiscryingbecamemoreintense.Sincenooneknewhowthediseasespread,they(weresuspiciousof)everything,includingmosquitoes,swimmingpools,andpeoplefromotherneighborhoods.Atthepressconference,thegovernmentspokesmanavoidedansweringthequestionabouthealth-carereformdirectly.Insteadhejust(wanderedaround)totalkabouttheharsheconomicsituation.Mr.Rogers,whomyoumetinthemuseumyesterday,worksasasoftwareengineerandplaysfolkmusic(ontheside).Theseschoolswereselectedforoursurveybecausethecomposi