河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高二上学期期中质量评估英语试题 （ 含答案解析 ）

第25页/共25页2022年秋期高中二年级期中质量评估英语试题说明：1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题，满分100分)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，满分50分)两部分。2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhospeaksSpanishthefastest?A.Sally. B.Ryan. C.Howard.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:SallyspeaksSpanishverywell.M:Shedefinitelydoes.ButRyan’sSpanishisevenbetter.However,Howardcanspeakfasterthanthem.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereistheman’ssonstudying?A.InVancouver. B.InNewYork. C.InSeattle.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:AreyougoingtoVancouver?M:No,I’mgoingtoSeattle.I’mattendingmyson’sgraduationceremony.He’llgethisPhDinengineeringfromtheUniversityofWashington.HeplanstoworkinNewYorkaftergraduation.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomandoing?A.Shoppingforclothes. B.Coloringapainting. C.Hangingamirror.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Tryitoninfrontofthemirror.W:Well,Ithinkthecolorisalittletoobright.M:Wehavedarkerones.Doyoulikethisstyle?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthewomanprobablygototheairport?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybus. C.Bysubway.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingtotheairport.Isthereabustogetthere?M:Oh,sorry,Idon’tknow.Maybeyoucantakeataxi.W:Well,it’stooexpensive.Doyouknowwherethesubwaystationis?M:Sure,it’soverthere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanwanttoknowaboutNewScientist?A.Whetheritisinteresting.B.Whetheritishardtofollow.C.Whetheritisissuedeveryweek.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoureading,Frank?M:It’sthisweek’sNewScientist.Why?W:Iwasjustwondering—itlooksinteresting,butI’veneveractuallyreaditmyself.Isitaimedatrealscientistsorcanordinarypeoplelikemeunderstandit?第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Gotosleep. B.Takeahotbath. C.Havehisroomcleaned.7.Atwhattimewillthewomancleantheroomtomorrow?A.7:30am. B.8:00am. C.8:30am.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Housekeeping.MayIcomein?M:Yes,please.W:I’msorrytodisturbyou,Mr.Obama.Wouldyoulikemetocleanyourroomnow?M:No,notnow.I’msotiredandneedagoodrest.W:Takingahotbathmayrelaxyoualot.AnythingIcandoforyou?M:Oh,Iwouldlikeanearlycleanuptomorrowmorning.Canyoufinishitbefore8:30am?W:Certainly,isitconvenienttocleanupyourroomat8:00am?M:It’sbetterifit’shalfanhourearlier.W:Noproblem,sir.Haveagoodrest.Goodnight.M:Thankyou.Bye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatindustryistheboyinterestedin?A.Food. B.Skateboarding. C.Clothes.9.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytodofirst?A.MakehisownT-shirts. B.Writeabusinessplan. C.Talkwithhisfather.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Iwasthinkingofstartingmyownbusiness.W:Whatkind?M:Iknowyouwantedmetotakeoveryourrestaurantbusiness,buttobehonest,Ican’tstandworkinginthefoodindustry.W:Don’tworry.Iknewthataboutyoualongtimeago.M:IthoughtmaybeyouandDadcouldlendmesomemoneytoopenaskateboardingshop.W:That’spossible.Doyouhaveabusinessplan?M:Notinwriting,butI’vethoughtofallthedetails.W:Whatwouldmakeyourshopdifferentfromtheothers’?M:IthoughtwecouldmakeourownT-shirts.W:ItsoundsOKtome,butyou’llhavetotalktoyourfatheraboutthis.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whydomostpubshavesignshangingoutside?A.Tohelptravelersfindthemeasily.B.Toattractmorecustomerstocomein.C.Tomakethepubslookmorebeautiful.11.What’sspecialabouttheman’spub?A.Itoffersfreedrinks. B.Itsellsavarietyofbeers. C.Itproducesitsownbeer.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inawinecompany. B.Inapub. C.Inatalkshow.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】W:Pubseemsafunnyword.Whyaretheycalledpubs?M:Yes,itisastrangewordbutreallyit’sjustshortforpublichouse,aplacethathasaspeciallicensetoselldrinkstopeople.W:Whydomostpubshavesignshangingoutsidethem?M:Becauseuptothebeginningofthiscentury,mostpeoplecouldn’tread,soapicturewastheeasiestwaytoshowtravelerswheretheycouldgetadrink.W:Ah,Isee.InoticedwhenIcameinthatyourpub’scalleda“freehouse”.Whatdoesthatmean?M:Unfortunatelyitdoesn’tmeanthatthedrinksarefree!It’sjustthatmostpubsareownedbybigwinecompaniesandsotheysellonlytheirownbeer.Butsomepeopleareluckyenoughtoowntheirownpubsandsothey’refreetosellanybeertheylikefromanycompany.W:Really?Well,thisbeerislovely.It’sverydifferent.M:Yes,itisusuallymadebysmalllocalcompanies.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatisGregorio?A.Asnaketrainer. B.Asnakedoctor. C.Asnakecatcher.14.WhatcolorjacketdoesGregoriowear?A.Purple. B.Green. C.Yellow.15.InwhatsportdidGeorginabecomeworldchampion?A.Tennis. B.Armwrestling. C.Yo-Yo.16.WhereisBrianMelfordsitting?A.Nexttothefireplace. B.Bythewindow. C.Atthetable.【答案】13.A14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,John.Thislookslikeagreatparty.Thanksforinvitingme.M:Noproblem.Gladyoucouldmakeit.Haveyoumetanyofthefamousguestssofar?W:Uh,no.Whoexactly?M:Well,thereisGregorio…Ah,theycallhimthe“Grip”forshort.W:Whointheworldishe?M:You’veneverheardofhim?He’stheworld-famoussnaketrainer…He’snevermetasnakehecouldn’ttraintodanceandhiss(发出咝咝声)atthesametime.W:Seriously?Whereishe?M:Uh,he’sthetallguybythewindowinthepurplejacketandgreenpants.Heprobablyhasasnakeortwowithhimtonight.W:Huh?M:AndthenthereisGeorgina,thegreat…W:Georgina…andgreatforwhat?M:Areyouserious?You’veneverheardofher?Sheistheworld’sgreatestarmwrestler.Imean,worldchampion.She’snexttothefireplacewiththebrightyellowdressandthetennisshoes.W:Ithoughtyousaidfamouspeople…likepeopleweallknow.M:AndthereisBrianMelford…W:Nowthere’ssomeoneIrecognize.M:Yeah,thecaptainofthenationalYo-Yoteam.Heistheshortmansittingatthetablewearingtheblackshirt.I’msurehe’ddoafewtricksforyouifyouasked.W:Uh,no,thankyou.IthinkI’vehadenoughentertainmentforoneevening.M:Okay.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhenweretheBeatlesformed?A.In1956. B.In1962. C.In1968.18.WhatkindofmusicdidtheBeatlesplay?A.Jazz. B.Indian. C.Pop.19.Whowasthedrummerofthegroup?A.GeorgeHarrison. B.RingoStarr. C.JohnLennon.20.Whatistheword“Beatlemania”usedtodescribe?A.Thefans. B.Themovies. C.Thefashion.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:TheworldofmusicwasneverbethesamesincetheformationofabandinLiverpool,Englandin1956.TheBeatleswereformedbyGeorgeHarrison,RingoStarr,PaulMcCartney,andJohnLennon.Theirfirsthit(风行一时的事物)songLoveMeDowasrecordedin1962.TheBeatlesquicklybecametheworld’sbest-knownpopmusicgroupandmanypeopletodaystillregardthemasthefinestbandinthehistoryofpopmusic.LennonandMcCartneyweretheauthorsofmostofthesongsthegrouprecorded.Harrisonalsowrotesongs,oftenusingideasfromIndianmusic.ThedrummerofthegroupwasthefamousRingoStarrandheoccasionallysang.ForsixyearstheBeatleshadhitafterhitsongs.Twenty-eightoftheirsongswereontheTopTwentyrecordchartsandseventeenofthesesongsreachednumberoneonthecharts.Thegroupalsohadasuccessfulmoviecareer.ThecomediesAHardDay’sNightandYellowSubmarinebecameverysuccessfulmovies.Peopleimitated(模仿)theirlonghairstyles,clothing,andhumor.AlmostalllaterpopbandslearnedfromtheBeatles.Beatlemaniaisthewordusedtodescribehowstrongandloyalthefanswere.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEachdogbreedhasitsownuniqueness.Someareplayful,somearehighlyaggressive,andsomecannotsitstillwithoutlendingahelpingpaw.Forourseniorreaderslookingtoadoptapuppy,thereare4friendliestdogbreedsyoushouldhavenoproblemtraining.TheMalteseTheMaltesemaybesmallandnotterrifying,butthey’vegotahugepersonalityandareatotaljoytobearound.Thisbreedisn’thigh-maintenance,soyoudon’thavetophysicallykeepupwiththedogtokeephimorherhappy.Measuringupto10inchesinlength,it’snearlyimpossibleforaMaltesetoknockapersondown.ThePoodleTheplayful,lovablePoodleisoftenfoundlightlyrunningaroundthelegsofolderfolks.They’reincrediblyadorableandjustasloyal.Theiractivebehaviormakesthemalimitlesssourceofentertainmentfortheoldandyoungalike.Notonlyaretheyextremelyfunny,poodlesactuallymakegreatguarddogs.Theirintelligenceallowspetownerstotrainthemquicklyandwithoutmuchtrouble.TheBeagleBeaglesareoneofthesimplestbreedstoraiseandtrain.They’remainlyknownfortheirplayfulnatureandeasy-goingbehavior.Inaddition,theycanstayrelativelyfitwithoutmuchexercise,thoughtheywilljumpupanddowninjoywhenyoumentionthewords“walk”or“park”.Beaglesmakeforawesomecompanionsfortheyoungandelderlyalike.ThePomeranianThethick-furredPomeranianisanendlesssourceofjoyfordogownersregardlessofage.Theircuriousfacialexpressionscankeepusentertainedforhoursonend.However,don’tbefooledbyitssmallstature;Pomeraniansarehighlyprotectiveoftheirmasters.They’realsoincrediblywatchfulandcansniffoutdangerfromamileaway.They’realsorelativelyeasytotrain,soyouandyourPomeraniancanbecomegoodfriendsquickly.21.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper.C.Anacademicarticle. D.Anentertainmentmagazine.22.What’sthecommoncharacteristicofthesefourdogbreeds?A.Theyareallsmallandnotterrifying.B.Theyallhaveagoodsenseofsmell.C.Theyareallfriendlyandjoyful.D.Theyareallprotectiveandintelligent.23.Whichkindofdogwillaneldermanwithasmallhouseprobablywanttoadopt?A.TheMaltese B.ThePoodleC.TheBeagle D.ThePomeranian【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种最友善的犬种。21题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Forourseniorreaderslookingtoadoptapuppy,thereare4friendliestdogbreedsyoushouldhavenoproblemtraining.(对于想要收养小狗的老年读者，这里有4种最友好的狗，你应该可以毫无问题地训练)”可知，文章主要介绍了四种最友善的犬种。由此推知，本文很可能出自娱乐杂志，故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。从第一段“thereare4friendliestdogbreedsyoushouldhavenoproblemtraining(有4种最友好的狗，你训练起来应该没问题)”和下文介绍四种犬种时分别提到了“atotaljoytobearound(身边的一个完全的快乐)”，“alimitlesssourceofentertainment(无限的娱乐来源)”，“theirplayfulnature(它们爱玩的天性)”，“anendlesssourceofjoy(无尽的欢乐之源)”以及“keepusentertainedforhoursonend(让我们连续娱乐几个小时)”可知，四种狗的共同点是友好且令人愉快，故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据TheMaltese部分中“Measuringupto10inchesinlength,it’snearlyimpossibleforaMaltesetoknockapersondown.(马尔济斯犬身长可达10英寸，几乎不可能把人击倒)”可知，一位住小房子的老人需要收养的是一只小型犬，马尔济斯犬10英寸的大小正合适。故选A。BWhenIwassevenyearsold.Myfriendhadgottenacomputerforhisbirthday.Heinvitedmetoplayasimplegame,andwelovedit!Weplayedforhours.Wewouldmeetafterschooleverydaytoplayit.Myaddictiontocomputergamesstartedthen.AtfirstIplayedgamesovertheInternetafterIhaddonemyhomeworkandeatendinner.ThenIstartedplayingassoonasIgothomeeachday.Myparentsstoppedme,soIstartedplayinginthemiddleofthenight.Ioftenfellasleepinclass.MyteacherwouldscoldmebutIwouldoftendothesamethingthenextday!ShortlyafterthatIbegantoskipmealsandplaythroughthenight.Myparentsfoundoutandtookawaymycomputerandsmartphone.IknewIhadgonetoofar.Myloveofcomputergameshadbecomeanaddiction.Itwasaffectingmyschoolworkandmyhealth,andIfeltquitedepressed.Playingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!Wecanspoilgoodthingsbydoingthemtoomuch.Irealizedthatitwasveryimportanttoadjustmylifestyle.Idecidedtotakecontrolofmylifeandfindotherwaystorelax.Tosucceedinquitting,Ihadtoreplaceitwithsomethingelse.SoIthoughtaboutwhattotry.Rockclimbingbowling,watchingcomedies,andplayingbasketballwerethethingsIthoughtofdoinginstead.Igetrefreshedthroughclimbing,spendmoretimewithmydad,andgettomeetnewfriends.Themorewegettogetherandlaugh,themorerelaxedIfeel.Besides,Icaneatalittlemorefood,sleepsoundly,andPmalmostinhighspirits.Aftersixmonthsoftryingoutnewwaysofrelaxing,Ifeelmuchmoreenergetic.IfeelthatIcanchangemyselfforthebetter.Andifthat’strueforme,thenitmighttrulybepossibletochangetheworldforothers.Justasthesayinggoes,”Nothingisdifficulttoawillingheart.“24.Whendidthewriterplaycomputergamesatfirst?A.Inthemorning. B.Inthemiddleofthenight.C.Whenhegothome. D.Afterschoolworkanddinner.25.Howdoyoufeelaboutplayingcomputergamesaccordingtothepassage?A.Itdoesmoregoodthanharm. B.Itdoesmuchmoreharmthangood.C.Ithasnoeffectonstudents. D.Itdoeslittlemoreharmthangood..26.Howdoesthewriterbreakthehabitofbeingaddictedtocomputergames?A.Giveupplayingcompletely. B.Learnmoreadvancedgames.C.Tryoutothernewwaystorelaxinreality. D.Doalotofhardlabour.27.Whatisthecharacterofthewriterofthispassage?A.Abitenergetic. B.Alittlestubborn.C.Kindofself-disciplined. D.Muchclever.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公7岁染上网瘾，又成功摆脱的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AtfirstIplayedgamesovertheInternetafterIhaddonemyhomeworkandeatendinner.(起初，我在做完作业和吃完晚饭后在网上玩游戏)”可知，起初，我在做完作业和吃完晚饭后在网上玩游戏。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itwasaffectingmyschoolworkandmyhealth,andIfeltquitedepressed.(它影响了我的学业和健康，我感到非常沮丧)”和第三段中的“Playingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!Wecanspoilgoodthingsbydoingthemtoomuch.(玩游戏很有趣，但之后我觉得更累了！我们会因为做得太多而糟蹋了好事)”可知，根据这篇文章，玩电脑游戏弊大于利。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Tosucceedinquitting,Ihadtoreplaceitwithsomethingelse.SoIthoughtaboutwhattotry.Rockclimbingbowling,watchingcomedies,andplayingbasketballwerethethingsIthoughtofdoinginstead.Igetrefreshedthroughclimbing,spendmoretimewithmydad,andgettomeetnewfriends.Themorewegettogetherandlaugh,themorerelaxedIfeel.Besides,Icaneatalittlemorefood,sleepsoundly,andPmalmostinhighspirits.(为了成功戒除，我必须用其他东西代替它。所以我在想该怎么做。攀岩、保龄球、看喜剧和打篮球是我想做的事情。我通过登山来恢复精神，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，认识新朋友。我们聚在一起笑得越多，我就觉得越放松。此外，我可以多吃一点食物，睡得香，我几乎精神高昂)”可知，作者通过在现实中尝试其他新的放松方式来打破沉迷于电脑游戏的习惯。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Playingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!Wecanspoilgoodthingsbydoingthemtoomuch.Irealizedthatitwasveryimportanttoadjustmylifestyle.Idecidedtotakecontrolofmylifeandfindotherwaystorelax.(玩游戏很有趣，但之后我觉得更累了！我们会因为做得太多而糟蹋了好事。我意识到调整我的生活方式非常重要。我决定掌控自己的生活，寻找其他放松的方式)”可知，作者意识到网瘾的害处之后，自己决定摆脱网瘾。由此推知，这篇文章的作者是一个自律的人。故选C。CPresidentJoeBiden’sdeclarationthat“thepandemicisover”raisedeyebrowsandtheangerofsomeexpertswhothinksuchmessagingcouldbetooearly.ButtomanyAmericanswhohavereturnedtopre-COVID19activitiesandarenowbeingforcedbackintotheoffice,theremarkmayringtrue.Theproblemisthatwhat“backtonormal“feelslikemaydifferfrompersontoperson,dependingontheindividual’scircumstancesandbywhatstandardtheyarejudgingthepandemictobeover.Twoscholarswereaskedtoevaluatejusthowthepandemicis”over“intheirfields.Thisiswhattheysaid.LisaMiller,aprofessorofepidemiologysaid,“PresidentBidenhasansweredthequestionwhetherthepandemicisoverwithaclear‘yes’,butthisisnotablackandwhiteissue.Itistruethat,thankstowidespreadimmunityfromvaccinesandinfections,theU.S.isinaverydifferentplacecomparedtoayearago.Butasanepidemiologist,Ithinkthecontinuedoccurrenceofbetween350and400deathsintheU.S.everydayandhundredsofdeathsperweekinothercountriesaroundtheworldstillconstitutesapandemic.Publichealthexpertsarestillinasituationwherenoonecanpredicthowtheviruswillmutate(变异).Thesemutationsmaymaketheviruslessdangerous,butitisalsopossiblethatthenextvariantcouldbemoreharmful.”,Asaneconomicresearcher,WilliamHauksaid,“Thegoodnewsisthattheworstofthepandemic’simpactontheeconomyendedsometimeago.Afterquicklyrisingtoapostwarhighof14.7%inApril2020asthedestructionofthepandemicwastakingitstoll,theunemploymentratehasbeenat4%orlowerforallof2022.Especially,intheAugustemploymentreport,thetotalnumberofemployedworkersintheU.S.wasmorethanitspre-pandemichighforthefirsttime.Whilethelabormarkethaslargelyrecovered,therearestillsmalleconomicwavesfromthepandemicthattheU.S.willbefeelingforsometime.Therearestillsupply-chaindifficultiesinsomekeyareas,likecomputerchips.Asaresult,afullrecoverymaynotoccurforawhile.28.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todeclarethepandemicisover.B.Toprovidethemeasuresforthepandemic.C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Todiscusswhetherthepandemicisover.29.WhatmadeLisaMillerdrawherconclusion?A.Thisisnotablackorwhiteissue.B.Thenumberofdeathsduetothepandemicisstillhigh.C.Publichealthexpertspredicthowtheviruswillmutate.D.Thevirusisneitherdangerousnorharmful.30.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“takingitstoll”?A.Causingalotofdamage. B.Usingatool.C.Chargingafee. D.Makingitaway.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Biden’sdeclarationthat“thepandemicisover”waswellreceived.B.Thepandemic’simpactontheeconomycompletelyendedsometimeago.C.ThetotalnumberofemployedworkersintheU.S.haslargelyrecovered.D.TheU.S.isfeelingsmalleconomicwavesfromthepandemicsometimes.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章用数据说明了新冠疫情在美国并未结束。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“PresidentJoeBiden’sdeclarationthat“thepandemicisover”raisedeyebrowsandtheangerofsomeexpertswhothinksuchmessagingcouldbetooearly.(美国总统乔·拜登宣布“大流行已经结束”的言论引起了一些专家的不满和愤怒，他们认为这样的消息可能为时尚早)”及下文论述可推知，本文的目的是讨论大流行是否已经结束。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Butasanepidemiologist,Ithinkthecontinuedoccurrenceofbetween350and400deathsintheU.S.everydayandhundredsofdeathsperweekinothercountriesaroundtheworldstillconstitutesapandemic.(但作为一名流行病学家，我认为美国每天持续发生350至400人死亡，世界上其他国家每周有数百人死亡，这仍然构成了一场大流行)”可知，大流行造成的死亡人数仍然很高，这使丽莎·米勒得出了她的结论。故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“theunemploymentratehasbeenat4%orlowerforallof2022.(失业率迅速升至14.7%的战后高点，之后在2022年全年一直保持在4%或更低的水平)”及常识可知，2020年4月，失业率迅速升高是因为大流行的破坏。由此推知，划线词组takingitstoll与causingalotofdamage(造成了很大的破坏)意思接近。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Especially,intheAugustemploymentreport,thetotalnumberofemployedworkersintheU.S.wasmorethanitspre-pandemichighforthefirsttime.(特别是，在8月份的就业报告中，美国的就业总人数首次超过了疫情前的最高水平)”和第五段中的“Whilethelabormarkethaslargelyrecovered,therearestillsmalleconomicwavesfromthepandemicthattheU.S.willbefeelingforsometime.(尽管劳动力市场已基本恢复，但美国仍将在一段时间内感受到疫情带来的小波经济波动)”可推知，美国的就业总人数已经基本恢复。故选C。DRobotsarefamouslycold,hardandunfeeling,sotheymaynotbethegreatestaudienceforyourfavouriteknock-knockjoke.However,scientistsinJapanarelookingtochangetheirreputation,byteachingthemwhenandhowtolaughusingartificialintelligence.Theresearcherscreatedanandroid,named“Erica”,whichtheytrainedtodetectlaughterinconversation,thendecidewhethertolaughinresponseandwhatkindoflaughterwouldbebest.Herconversationsandchuckles(轻笑)werethenwatchedbyvolunteers,whodecidedwhetherherresponsesdemonstratedempathyandhuman-likeness.LeadauthorDrKojiInoue,fromKyotoUniversity,said:“WethinkthatoneoftheimportantfunctionsofconversationalAIisempathy.Conversationis,ofcourse,multi-modal,notjustrespondingcorrectly.Sowedecidedthatonewayarobotcanempathize(产生共鸣)withusersistosharetheirlaughter,whichyoucannotdowithatext-basedchatbot(聊天机器)”TheaimoftheresearchwastodevelopanAIthatcanunderstandslightdifferencesinhumour.Whileitwouldbepossibletotrainanalgorithm(计算程序)torecognizelaughter,orreadoutajoke,theseabilitieswouldnotenableittocopynaturalconversation.Theresearchersfirstdevelopeda“shared-laughter”modelforEricatorun,whichwouldallowhertorespondtohumanlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thismodelasksthreequestionsinorderfortherobottoappropriatelyrespondtoaconversationalcue.Firstis“Didtheuserlaugh?”,then“WillEricalaughinresponse?”andfinally,ifsherespondsyestoboth,“Whichtypeoflaughterisproper?”.ThetypesoflaughterEricawouldchoosefromarea“sociallaugh”,apolitechuckletofillconversationwhenhumourisnotinvolved,ora“mirthfullaugh”forfunnysituations.ToteachtheAItousetheshared-laughtermodeleffectively,theresearchersgathereddatabysendingtherobotspeeddating.Erica,whowasremotelyoperatedbyfourfemaleactors,hadover80dialogueswithmaleuniversitystudents.Thelaughterthatappearedduringtheconversationswasthenclassifiedintosolo,socialormirthful.ThiswasthenusedtotrainErica’sneuralnetworkhowtodecidewhenitisappropriatetolaugh,andwhichtypeoflaughtertouse.32.WhatthescientistsinJapanexactlywanttodointhisresearch?A.Tochangetherobot’sreputation.B.Touseartificialintelligence.C.Toteachtherobotwhenandhowtolaugh.D.Tocreateanewandroid.33.WhatcanbeinferredaccordingtoDrKoji’swords?A.EmpathyisthemostimportantfunctionofconversationalAI.B.Sharingtheirlaughtercanmakearobotempathizewithusers.C.Multi-modalisoneofthecharacteristicsofconversation.D.Conversationonlyneedstorespondcorrectly.34.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Atext-basedchatbotcanhavesympathyforothers.B.Analgorithmcannotrecogniselaughter,andreadoutajoke.C.Ericacanlearntolaughfromthreequestions.D.Theactorsandstudentscangiveexamplesoflaugh.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Scientiststrytoteacharobotwhenitisappropriatetolaugh.B.Robotsknowhowtolaughafterlearningandtraining.C.Anewtrendiscomingasartificialintelligencelearnstolaugh.D.Researcherstrytoteacharobothowtomakeaconversation.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍日本科学家如何教机器人什么时候以及如何笑。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,scientistsinJapanarelookingtochangetheirreputation,byteachingthemwhenandhowtolaughusingartificialintelligence.(然而，日本的科学家正试图改变他们的名声，通过人工智能教他们何时以及如何笑)”可知。在这项研究中日本科学家想教机器人何时以及如何笑。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Koji博士的话“Sowedecidedthatonewayarobotcanempathize(产生共鸣)withusersistosharetheirlaughter(所以我们判定，机器人能够与用户感同身受的一种方式就是分享他们的笑声)”可推知，分享用户笑声可以让机器人与用户产生共鸣。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ToteachtheAItousetheshared-laughtermodeleffectively,theresearchersgathereddatabysendingtherobotspeeddating.Erica,whowasremotelyoperatedbyfourfemaleactors,hadover80dialogueswithmaleuniversitystudents.Thelaughterthatappearedduringtheconversationswasthenclassifiedintosolo,socialormirthful.ThiswasthenusedtotrainErica’sneuralnetworkhowtodecidewhenitisappropriatetolaugh,andwhichtypeoflaughtertouse.(为了教会人工智能有效地使用共享笑声模型，研究人员通过给机器人发送快速约会来收集数据。艾丽卡由4名女演员远程操控，与男大学生进行了80多次对话。然后将对话中出现的笑声分为单笑、社交笑和欢乐笑。这被用来训练爱丽卡的神经网络如何决定什么时候该笑，以及该用哪种类型的笑)”可知，被4位女演员远程操控的机器人Eric和男大学生有80多次谈话。谈话中的笑声被用来训练Eric的神经式网络决定何时恰当去笑以及应该用哪种笑声，所以，作者会同意“演员和学生可以给出笑的例子”这一种说法。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“However,scientistsinJapanarelookingtochangetheirreputation,byteachingthemwhenandhowtolaughusingartificialintelligence.(然而，日本的科学家正试图改变他们的名誉，他们用人工智能教他们什么时候以及如何笑)”可知，本文介绍了日本科学家如何教机器人什么时候以及如何笑，所以“Scientiststrytoteacharobotwhenitisappropriatetolaugh.(科学家试图教机器人什么时候该笑)”是文章最佳标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。ThereisanoldAmericansaying,“Looselipssinkships.”Thismeansthatifyouspeaktoomuchaboutsomething,especiallytopeoplewhoyoudon’tknowsowell,it’llcauseallkindsoftrouble.Thesituationhereissomuchworsebecausethe“looselips”wereyourbestfriend’s.Treatedthisway,you’resuretofeelhurt.___36___ButIhavetosaythatit’spartlyyourfault,isn’tit?Youadmitthatyouwere“lettingoffsteam”.Itisunderstandableinthatsituation,butweshouldalwaysthinkbeforewespeak.___37___First,apologisetoyourteammate.Ifyoueverwanttowinanymorebasketballgames,youneedtoworktogether,andthatmeanscommunicatingwitheachotherclearlyandresolvingconflicts.___38___Tellhimdirectlyandhonestlythatyouweretalkingwithoutthinking.Then,talktoyourfriend.Friendshipshouldbeoneofthegreatestthingsintheworld,butsometimesitcanbedifficult.Again,yourstrategyisclearcommunication.Tellyourfriendyou’reangrywithhimforrepeatingwhatyousaidandmakingthesituationworse,butthatyouwanttomoveon.___39___Thirdlyandperhapsmostimportantly,thinkaboutyourownbehaviour.Don’tsaytoomuchwhenyou’reangry!___40___Thisgivespeoplethewrongsignal.Takeadeepbreath,calmdown,andalwaysremember:thinkfirst,speaklater.Ifyoufeeloneofyourteammatesisn’tpullingtheirweight,thenraiseyourconcernsinaprofessionalwaywithyourteamcoach.Ifyouthinkaboutotherpeople’sfeelingsaswellasyourown,you’llsoonfindeverythingworksout.A.Here’swhatyouneedtodo.B.Sohaveachatwithyourteammate.C.Approachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.D.Alwaysrememberthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.E.Wedependonourparentsathome,whilewedependonfriendswhenweareoutside.F.Filledwithanger,youtendtosaywhatevercomestoyourmind.G.Weshouldalwaysbeabletotrustthoseclosesttous,andithurtsevenmorewhenwefindwecan’t.【答案】36.G37.A38.B39.C40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免“祸从口出”给人们提供了三条建议。【36题详解】上文“Thesituationhereissomuchworsebecausethe“looselips”wereyourbestfriend’s.Treatedthisway,you’resuretofeelhurt.(这里的情况要糟糕得多，因为你最好的朋友就是那个“大嘴巴，说闲话”的人。这样对待你，你肯定会觉得受伤。)”说明最好的朋友说你闲话，你肯定觉得受伤，选项G“我们应该总是能够相