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McGraw-Hill/IrwinCopyright©2009byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,AllRightsReserved.McGraw-Hill/IrwinChapter5Planning,Composing&RevisingGoodWritersFourComposingActivitiesTimeManagementBrainstorm,Plan,&OrganizeRevise,Edit,andProofreadFeedbackWriter’sBlockChapter5Planning,Composing&WaysGoodWritersWriteRevisefirstdraftsWriteregularlyBreakbigjobsintosmallchunksFocusonpurpose,audienceChoosefromseveraldifferentstrategiesUserulesflexiblyFinishadraftbeforeeditingtextWaysGoodWritersWriteReviseFourBasicComposingActivitiesPlan–analyze,gatherWrite–transformideasintowordsRevise–evaluate,getfeedback,changeEdit–correctgrammar,typosFourBasicComposingActivitie1.PlanningAnalyzeproblem,definepurposes,analyzeaudiencesThinkofinformation;gatheritResearch:files,books,magazines,WebsitesChooseorganizationpatternMakeanoutline1.PlanningAnalyzeproblem,de2.WritingPutideasintowordsonpaperorscreenMakealistJotnotesDostream-of-consciousnesswritingCreateformaldraft2.WritingPutideasintowords3.RevisingEvaluateintermsofaudience,goals,andsituationWillaudienceunderstandit?Isitcomplete?Isitconvincing;also,friendly?GetfeedbackfromsomeoneelseAdd,delete,substitute,orrearrangesinglewordsorlargesections.3.RevisingEvaluateintermso4.EditingFocusonsurfaceofmessage:StandardEnglishGrammar&spellingCapitalization&punctuationBusinessprinciplesBuildgoodwillUseconventionalformatProofread;correcttypographicalerrors4.EditingFocusonsurfaceofMoreAboutComposingActivitiesDon’thavetodoin1-2-3orderDon’thavetofinishonetostartanotherDon’thavetouseallactivitiesforeverymessageMoreAboutComposingActivitieWriting&TimeManagement1/3-Write1/3-Analyzesituation,gatherinformation,organizemessage1/3–Revise,edit,andproofreadWriting&TimeManagement1/3-Brainstorm,Plan&OrganizeWhencontentisn’tobvious—BrainstormFreewriteClusterTalktoaudiencesBrainstorm,Plan&OrganizeWheBrainstormQuicklyjotalltheideasyoucanTryforadozenideaswithoutstoppingWhenideasrunout,judgeeachideaonlistBrainstormQuicklyjotalltheFreewriteWritenonstopfor10to12min.ReadandidentifybestpointsRepeatStep1oncleanpageKeepallusabletextFreewriteWritenonstopfor10ClusterWritetopicatmiddleofpageWriterelatedideasarounditLookforpatterns,repeatedideasGrouprelatedideasbycolorUsegroupstodevelopcontentClusterWritetopicatmiddleoCluster:ExampleCluster:ExampleTalktoYourAudiencesInvolvereadersinplanningHelpsreducethenumberofrevisionsTalktoYourAudiencesInvolveRevise,Edit&ProofreadRevise–changecontenttosatisfypurposesandaudiencesEdit–changemechanicalflaws,grammarerrorsProofread–correcttypingerrorsRevise,Edit&ProofreadReviseWhenYouReviseRevisedraftthreetimesormoreContentandclarityOrganizationandlayoutGoodwillfactorsYou-attitudePositiveemphasisToneandstyleWhenYouReviseRevisedraftthWhenYouRevise,continued…TryredraftingonblankpageanduseWIRMI:WhatIReallyMeanIsReadthedocumentfromstarttofinishDolightrevisionwhentimeisshortWhenYouRevise,continued…TryReviseContent&ClarityAreallpurposesmet?Isneededinformationincluded,accurate,andclear?Isthemessageeasytoread?Iseachsentenceclear?Islogicclearandconvincing?Islogicbackedupwithdetails?ReviseContent&ClarityArealReviseOrganization&LayoutIsorganizationpatterneffective?Doideasflowsmoothly?Isvisualdesigneffective?Isemphasisappropriate?Arefirstandlastparagraphseffective?VisualDesign=MarginsHeadingsFontsizeBulletsBoldtextWhitespaceReviseOrganization&LayoutIsRecall10
Easy-ReadingTechniques
Chapter
4ReviseStyle&ToneDoesthemessageuseyou-attitudeandpositiveemphasis?Isitfriendlyandbias-free?Doesitconveygoodwill?Recall10Easy-ReadingTechnWhenYouEditRevisefirst;theneditEdithardcopy,notscreenCheckerrorsyouoftenmake:SentencestructureAgreement:subj./verb,noun/pro.Punctuation,numbersWordusage,spellingWhenYouEditRevisefirst;theWhenYouProofreadCheckwithspellcheckerandbyeyeSwapcopywithproofingbuddyReadoncequicklyformeaningReadagainslowlyCorrectanyerror;rereadthatlineWhenyouknowtextwell—Readbackward(short)Readpagesoutoforder(long)Triple-CheckNumbersHeadingsFirst¶Last¶Reader’snameWhenYouProofreadCheckwithsUseFeedbackAskforfeedbackyouwantApproach
Benefits
ToneGrammarHeedcomments,evenifyoudisagreeRephraseGivemoredetailsDocumentsourcesUseFeedbackAskforfeedbackyOvercomeWriter’sBlockPrepareforwritingWriteregularlyandinmoderationUsepositiveself-talkaboutwritingTalkaboutwritingwithothersOvercomeWriter’sBlockPrepareMcGraw-Hill/IrwinCopyright©2009byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,AllRightsReserved.McGraw-Hill/IrwinChapter5Planning,Composing&RevisingGoodWritersFourComposingActivitiesTimeManagementBrainstorm,Plan,&OrganizeRevise,Edit,andProofreadFeedbackWriter’sBlockChapter5Planning,Composing&WaysGoodWritersWriteRevisefirstdraftsWriteregularlyBreakbigjobsintosmallchunksFocusonpurpose,audienceChoosefromseveraldifferentstrategiesUserulesflexiblyFinishadraftbeforeeditingtextWaysGoodWritersWriteReviseFourBasicComposingActivitiesPlan–analyze,gatherWrite–transformideasintowordsRevise–evaluate,getfeedback,changeEdit–correctgrammar,typosFourBasicComposingActivitie1.PlanningAnalyzeproblem,definepurposes,analyzeaudiencesThinkofinformation;gatheritResearch:files,books,magazines,WebsitesChooseorganizationpatternMakeanoutline1.PlanningAnalyzeproblem,de2.WritingPutideasintowordsonpaperorscreenMakealistJotnotesDostream-of-consciousnesswritingCreateformaldraft2.WritingPutideasintowords3.RevisingEvaluateintermsofaudience,goals,andsituationWillaudienceunderstandit?Isitcomplete?Isitconvincing;also,friendly?GetfeedbackfromsomeoneelseAdd,delete,substitute,orrearrangesinglewordsorlargesections.3.RevisingEvaluateintermso4.EditingFocusonsurfaceofmessage:StandardEnglishGrammar&spellingCapitalization&punctuationBusinessprinciplesBuildgoodwillUseconventionalformatProofread;correcttypographicalerrors4.EditingFocusonsurfaceofMoreAboutComposingActivitiesDon’thavetodoin1-2-3orderDon’thavetofinishonetostartanotherDon’thavetouseallactivitiesforeverymessageMoreAboutComposingActivitieWriting&TimeManagement1/3-Write1/3-Analyzesituation,gatherinformation,organizemessage1/3–Revise,edit,andproofreadWriting&TimeManagement1/3-Brainstorm,Plan&OrganizeWhencontentisn’tobvious—BrainstormFreewriteClusterTalktoaudiencesBrainstorm,Plan&OrganizeWheBrainstormQuicklyjotalltheideasyoucanTryforadozenideaswithoutstoppingWhenideasrunout,judgeeachideaonlistBrainstormQuicklyjotalltheFreewriteWritenonstopfor10to12min.ReadandidentifybestpointsRepeatStep1oncleanpageKeepallusabletextFreewriteWritenonstopfor10ClusterWritetopicatmiddleofpageWriterelatedideasarounditLookforpatterns,repeatedideasGrouprelatedideasbycolorUsegroupstodevelopcontentClusterWritetopicatmiddleoCluster:ExampleCluster:ExampleTalktoYourAudiencesInvolvereadersinplanningHelpsreducethenumberofrevisionsTalktoYourAudiencesInvolveRevise,Edit&ProofreadRevise–changecontenttosatisfypurposesandaudiencesEdit–changemechanicalflaws,grammarerrorsProofread–correcttypingerrorsRevise,Edit&ProofreadReviseWhenYouReviseRevisedraftthreetimesormoreContentandclarityOrganizationandlayoutGoodwillfactorsYou-attitudePositiveemphasisToneandstyleWhenYouReviseRevisedraftthWhenYouRevise,continued…TryredraftingonblankpageanduseWIRMI:WhatIReallyMeanIsReadthedocumentfromstarttofinishDolightrevisionwhentimeisshortWhenYouRevise,continued…TryReviseContent&ClarityAreallpurposesmet?Isneededinformationincluded,accurate,andclear?Isthemessageeasytoread?Iseachsentenceclear?Islogicclearandconvincing?Islogicbackedupwithdetails?ReviseContent&ClarityArealReviseOrganization&LayoutIsorganizationpatterneffective?Doideasflowsmoothly?Isvisualdesigneffective?Isemphasisappropriate?Arefirstandlastparagraphseffective?VisualDesign=MarginsHeadingsFontsizeBulletsBoldtextWhitespaceReviseOrganization&LayoutIsRecall10
Easy-ReadingTechniques
Chapter
4ReviseStyle&ToneDoesthemessageuseyou-attitudeandpositiveemphasis?
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