备战2021高考英语-外刊精读与练习-

备战2021高考英语-外刊精读与练习Thedogswhosafeguardourhearts养狗能保护我们的心脏健康语篇导读：有人说养宠物对人类身心健康有利处，那么养狗真的能够让人健康长寿吗？据一项近来检查显示，狗主人患心血管疾病的可能性要远低于不养狗的人。这是为什么呢？这项检查的结果可信吗？本文让我们一同商讨养狗和人类心脏健康之间的联系。Step1Vocabulary词汇表canine犬的pedigree（动物）纯种mongrel杂种狗tame（尤指动物）温顺的stray漂泊的companionship陪同，友情fetch拿来，取回，guard保卫，保护Fido对宠物狗的一个通用名称closetoone'sheart切近某人的心warmthecocklesofyourheart暖和你的心里cardiovascular心血管的breed（动物）品种physicalactivity体育运动socialcontact社会关系，社会来往bacterialmicrobiome细菌微生物群gut肠道onone'slonesome独自的，独自的cardiacarrest心脏停搏yourheartskipsabeat（形容紧张或欢乐）心跳停了一下topdog最好的狗，成功者crossmyheart我保证所说真实dogsandhearts犬和心脏Step2ReadingandunderstandingAsadoglover,ourcaninecompanionsalwaysfillmewithjoy.Whetherpedigreeormongrel,tameorstray,wheneverIseeone,Ismile.Afterall,theirloyaltyisindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhenrequired.GoodoldFidohasalwaysbeenclosetomy,andmanyother'shearts.Well,notcontentwithjustwarmingthecocklesofyourheart,itseemsthatourfour-legged-friendsactuallylowertheriskofcardiovasculardisease,accordingtoa2017scientificstudy,whichlookedat3.4millionSwedesfrom2001to2012.Thestudyconcludedthatthislowerrisk,whichwasparticularlyevidentinownersofhuntingbreeds,maynotjustbeduetotheincreasedphysicalactivitythatgoeshand-in-handwithowningadog,butcouldalsobedowntodogsincreasingtheowner'ssocialcontact,orbychangingtheowner'sbacterialmicrobiome,whichisthecollectionofmicroscopicspeciesthatliveinthegut.Dogschangethedirtinhomeenvironmentsandthereforeexposepeopletobacteriathattheywouldotherwisenotencounter.Theseeffectswereparticularlymarkedinthosewholivedontheirlonesome.AccordingtoMwenyaMubangaofUppsalaUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,"singledogownershada33%reductioninriskofdeathandan11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrestcomparedtosinglenon-owners."However,beforeyourheartskipsabeat,ToveFall,seniorauthorofthestudy,alsoaddsthattheremaybelimitations.It'spossiblethatthedifferencesbetweenownersandnon-owners,whichalreadyexistedbeforethedogwasbought,couldhaveinfluencedtheresultspeoplewhoaregenerallymoreactivealsotendtogetadoganyway.

–orthatItseemsthattheresultsarenotasclearcutastheyinitiallyappeartobe,butasfarasI'mconcerned,that'sok.Ilovedogsforhowtheymakemefeeland,cardiovascularbenefitsornot,they'llalwaysbetopdogtome–crossmyheart.Step3测试与练习Task1阅读课文并回答以下问题。Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforlovingdogs?Theyfilltheauthorwithjoy.Theirloyaltyisindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhenrequiredWhendidthestudymentionedinthearticletakeplaceandwhowereitsparticipants?Thestudytookplacebetween2001and2012.Itsparticipantswere3.4millionSwedes.Whichthreereasonsaregivenforadogreducingaperson'scardiovascularrisk?Theincreasedphysicalactivityassociatedwithdogownership,theincreasedsocialcontactandthechangeoftheowner'smicrobiome.Trueorfalse?Single-householddogownersseenohealthbenefitscomparedtosingle-householdnon-ownersFalse.Singledogownershada33%reductioninriskofdeathand11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrestcomparedtosinglenon-owners.Whatlimitationsarementionedthatcouldaffecttheresultsofthestudy?Theremaybeadifferencebetweendogownersandnon-ownersthatexistedbeforethedogwasobtained.It'salsopossiblethatpeoplewhotendtobuydogsarealsogenerallymoreactive.Task2请在不参照课文的状况下达成以下练习。选择一个意思适合的单词填入句子的空格处。Thatdogdoesn'thaveanownersocomeawayimmediately.Can'tyouseeit'sa______?Itmighthaveadisease!A.tameB.FidoC.strayD.mongrelQuickly,nurse.He'sgoinginto______.Getmethedefibrillator!A.microbiomeB.topdogC.canineD.cardiacarrestHewon'tbite,buthedoesn'tlikebeingtouched.It's______hislastowner,whousedtobeathim.A.crossmyheartB.downtoC.clearcutD.breedsHowcanyounotseeit?There'sa______differencebetweenthefirstpictureandthesecond!A.markedB.gutC.hand-in-handD.tamePleasestopsmoking,son.Itgoes______withcancerandyoudon'twantthat.A.skipsabeatB.crossmyheartC.ontheirlonesomeD.hand-in-handTask3语法填空Asadoglover,ourcaninecompanionsalwaysfillmewithjoy.Whetherpedigreeormongrel,tameorstray,wheneverIseeone,Ismile.Afterall,their_1________(loyal)isindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhen_2___________(require).GoodoldFidohasalwaysbeenclosetomy,andmanyother'shearts.Well,notcontentwithjustwarmingthecocklesofyourheart,itseems_3________ourfour-legged-friendsactuallylowertheriskofcardiovasculardisease,accordingtoa2017scientificstudy,_4________lookedat3.4millionSwedesfrom2001to2012.Thestudyconcludedthatthislowerrisk,whichwas_5___________(particular)evidentinownersofhuntingbreeds,maynotjustbedue_6_______theincreasedphysicalactivitythatgoeshand-in-handwithowningadog,butcouldalsobedowntodogsincreasingtheowner'ssocialcontact,orby_7____________(change)theowner'sbacterialmicrobiome,whichisthecollectionofmicroscopicspecies_8__________liveinthegut.Dogschangethedirtinhomeenvironmentsandthereforeexposepeopletobacteriathattheywouldotherwisenotencounter.Theseeffectswereparticularlymarkedinthose_9_______livedontheirlonesome.AccordingtoMwenyaMubangaofUppsalaUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,"singledog_10_________(own)hada33%reductioninriskofdeathandan11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrest_11____________(compare)tosinglenon-owners."However,beforeyourheartskipsabeat,ToveFall,seniorauthorofthestudy,alsoaddsthattheremaybelimitations.It'spossiblethatthedifferencesbetweenowners_12_______non-owners,whichalreadyexistedbeforethedogwasbought,couldhaveinfluencedtheresults–orthatpeoplewhoare_13___________(general)moreactivealsotendtogetadoganyway.Itseemsthattheresultsarenotasclearcutasthey_14___________(initial)appearto