浙江高考英语写作概要写作

最新浙江高考英语写作概要写作题型介绍♦选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。♦评分参考对原文要点的理解和呈现情况：应用语法结构和词汇的准确性：【上下文的连贯性：对各要点表达的独立性情况。注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇得分相应比较高。相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。考查能力概要写作是阅读理解和书面表达二者的有机结合体。简言之就是简要概括所给文章中心大意。要求读者把文章的具体信息用具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而非抄袭文章原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。写作步骤(1)通读全文。明确文章类型，主题，结构。记叙文：5W+1H&议论文：观点、论点、论据说明文：说明对象，说明方式要点获取(4-5点)。寻找主题句；关键词；提问题。要点转述。同义替换；语态转换；词性改变；句子重构要点衔接。过渡型词句，逻辑连接词。Writing1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。YesterdayMattwassick.IpickedupArchiefromthesitterandEloisefromschoolanddecidedtoruntoTargetforafewthings.Ihadhopedtobeinandoutquickly.Ifoundalinewithjustonepersonaheadofmeandbeganorganizingmyitemsontheconveyor.Afterplacingmyitems，Ilookeduptoseethatthepersonaheadofmewasanelderlywoman.Shewaspayingforheritemswithchangeandwantedtopurchaseeachseparately.Iwasfrustratedwiththiswomanandtheinconvenienceshehadplacedonme.ButthenIwatchedtheyoungemployeewiththiswoman.Iwatchedhimhelphercountherchange，eversosoftlytakingitfromhershakinghands.Whensheaskedifshehadenoughtobuyareusableba，ghetoldhershedidandwenttwolinesovertogetoneforherandthenrepackagedheritems.Neveroncewasthisemployeeangry.Hewasnothingbutpatientandkind.AsIwaswatchinghim，IsawthatEloisewastoo.Shewasstandingnexttothewoman，watchingtheemployeecountthechange.IrealizedIhadn'tbeeninconveniencedatall.Thatmydaughterwasinsteadwitnessingkindnessandpatienceandbeingtaughtthisvaluablelessonbyacompletestranger.Whenthewomanwasfinished，theemployeebeganringingupmyitemsandthankedmeformypatience.Ithenthankedhimforteachinguspatienceandkindnessbyhistreatmentofthatelderlywoman.WhenhewasfinishedIpushedmycartthroughthestoretryingtofindthemanager.Iwantedhertoknowoftheemployee'skindnessandpatienceandhowmuchitmeanttome.Aftertrackingherdownandsharingthestorywithher，weleftTargetwithacartfullofconsumableitems，butwhatismore，aheartfullofgratitudeforsuchaninvaluablelesson.IfyouareeverintheGlendaleTarge，tgiveIshmaelasmileandanod.Theworldcouldusemorepeoplelikehim.【写作指导】要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：（1）谁做了什么？（2）结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。就该题而言，本文的概要应该包含：作者购物的时间、地点、结果以及从本次购物中得到的启示，最后用自己的语言串联起来。【参考范文】Thepassagetellsusanexperienceofshopping.（要点l）0neday,theauthorwithtwochildrenwenttoTargetforshopping.（要点2）Whilewaitinginline，shefoundanoldladywastroublesome，buttheyoungemployeetreatedherpatiently.（要点3）Seeingthat,theauthorwastouchedbyhiskindnessandpatienceandshethoughtherchildrenwouldlearnalotfromthisexperience.（要点4）Writing2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Sugarsarepopularintheprocessedfoodindustrybecausetheyaddtast，ecolourandthicknesstofoodproducts.Thestudieshaveshownthatsugarscanprovideasourceofenergy.Thebodybreaksdownthesugarintosimpleformsthatcanbereadilyusedinthebody.Buttoomuchsugarcancontributetohealthproblemslikeobesityandtoothdisease.】Havingtoomuchsugarisnottheonlyreasonforobesityorbeingoverweight，butitdoesaddtotheamountofkilojoulesinfood.Eatingtoomuchofanyfood，withoutdoingenoughexercise，willcauseyoutobecomeoverweight.GovernmentsintheUnitedStatesandUnitedKingdomarewagingawaronsugarintheinterestsofpublichealth.Bothcountriesclaimthattheoverconsumptionofsugarbymuchofthepopulationisharmfutlopeople'shealth.OnThursday，theU．S.governmentissuednewdietaryguidelinesthatstronglyrecommendpeoplereceivelessthan10percentoftheirdailycalorieintakefromaddedsugar.Onthesameday，BritishPrimeMinisterDavidCameronsaidhehasnotruledouttheideaofataxonsugartoencourageconsumerstobuyfoodwithreducedlevelsofthesweet.PoliticiansintheU．K.aredebatinghowareductionintheintakeofsugarcouldhelpreduceBritain'srisingratesofobesity.TheAmericanandBritishgovernmentsbothrefertoastudyconductedinMexicothatshowedataxonsugarcarbonateddrinksledtoareductioninconsumption.ThetaxwascarriedoutonJanuary1，2014andpurchasesofthetaxeddrinkswentdownby12percentbyDecemberofthatyear.Salesomfineralwaterincreasedby4percentoverthesameperiod.Analternativetotaxingsugareddrinksistoreducethelevelofsugarinthem.ResearchersatQueenMaryUniversityinLondonsaythatreducingthesugarcontentinsugar－sweeteneddrinksby40percentoverfiveyearscouldpreventonemillioncasesofobesityintheU.K.Researcherssaypeoplemightnotevennoticethechanges.写作指导】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人体摄入过多糖分会影响健康。英国和美国政府都号召人们不要摄入过多糖分，甚至考虑通过增收糖税来减少糖的食用。读懂原材料是写好概要的关键，在理解原文的基础上，用尽可能简洁的语言集中概括原文的主要观点及思想，但不能简单重复原文，同时，对各要点的概括要详略得当，结构严谨，表达明确，语义准确简练，避免空泛、含混之词。！【参考范文】Sugarisusefulforourbody,buttoomucshugardoesharmtoourhealth,whichprobablyleadstohealthproblems.（要点l）Asforthis,governmentsintheUnitedStatesandUnitedKingdomcallonpeoplenottotakeintoomuchsugar.（要点2）BritishPrimeMinisterevenplannedtoputataxonsugar.要点3）Astudyshowedthatthetaxonsugarhelpedreducetheconsumptionofsugar.（要点4）Researchersalsothinkreducingthesugarcontentslightlywouldnotbenoticed.（要点5）Writing3阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Dietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.TheGrapefruitDiet，alsocalledtheHollywoodDiet，datesbacktothe1930sandhasahostofcelebrityfansincludingsingerKyliMeinogue.Itinvolveshavinggrapefruitorgrapefruitjuicewitheverymealwhilecuttingbackoncalories.Now，scientistsarebeginningtobelievethem.Astudyhasfoundthatdrinkinggrapefruitjuicewheneatingfattyfoodlowerstheamountofweightputonbyuptoafifth.&Theresearchalsosuggestedthatgrapefruitcouldbeasgoodasprescriptiondrugsatkeepingbloodsugarlevelsundercontrol—akeypartofmanagingdiabetes.Theexperimentswereconductedonmice—butresearcherssaytheresultsjustifystudiesonhumans.ProfessorJosephNapoli，oftheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeley，said，“Weseeallsortsofscamsaboutnutrition.Buttheseresults，basedoncontrolledexperiments，warrantfurtherstudyofthepotentialhealth－promotingpropertiesofgrapefruitjuice.”Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthemicewerefedfattyfoodforthreemonths，thosegivengrapefruitjuicetodrinkgainedupto18percentlessweightthanthosegivenwater.Theyalsohadlowerbloodsugarandinsulinlevels—despiteeatingthesamenumberofcaloriesanddoingthesameamountofexerciseasthemicewhodrankwater.Infact，grapefruitjuicewasasgoodatcontrollinginsulinasthewidelyuseddiabetesdrugmetformin，thejournalPLOSONEreports.However，thefruitjuiceonlyhadaneffectonweightwhentheanimalsatefattyfood.Theresearcherssaidtheydidnotknowhowgrapefruitstopsthepoundsfrompilingon.SpokesmanMarietteAbrahams，adietician，saiduntilthenitistooearlyforpeopletotrygrapefruitdiets.“Grapefruitshouldbepartofahealthybalanceddiet，butitshouldn'tbethefocusofthediet，”shesaid.写作指导】本文是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了葡萄柚的减肥功效。第一段介绍了葡萄柚用于减肥的历史背景；第二至七段的内容是：研究表明，葡萄柚对人的身体健康有很多好处；第八段介绍了葡萄柚汁减肥的局限性；最后一段对葡萄柚饮食提出了不同的意见。考生在作答时，应注意条理清晰，避免混乱性语句；语言简洁，要点全面，可将原文中涉及的人名、地名等非重要信息忽略，以节约词数。另外，考生在作答时应注意语言的准确性和语句间的衔接性。【参考范文】DietersthinkgrapefruitjuicehelpsloseweightandtheGrapefruitDietortheHollywoodDietwasapopularwayoflosingweightinthe1930s.（要点1）Theexperimentsconductedonmice，whichcanalsoapplytohumans，showsthatgrapefruitjuicebenefitsthelossofweightandthecontrolofbloodsugarandinsulinlevels.（要点2）However,thefruitonlytakeseffectwhentheanimalseatfattyfood.（要点3）Theoppositeviewdoesn'tthinkeatinggrapefruitcanbethefocusofthediet.（要点4）Writing4阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Infact，greatwhitesharksarenotwhite.Thenameisthoughttohavecomeaboutbecausethesesharksarewhiteinonecircumstancewhentheyarelyingdeadonthedeckofaboat.Itwouldbemorepropertocallthisspeciesthe“blackshark”．Theyhaveadarkuppersurfacewhichmeanstheirprey猎物）aredifficulttospotthemapproachingfromthedarkdepths.Speakingofprey，theyhavebeenrecordeddiningoutonawiderangeofspecies,includingwhales,squid（鱿鱼），turtlesandoccasionallypenguins.“Ifyoumakealistofeverythingthat'sbeenfoundinawhiteshark'sstomach，you'dgetavarietyofthings，”saysmarinebiologistGeorgeBurgessoftheUniversityofFloridainGainesville.Butwhat'sclearisthattheirtasteschangeastheyage.“Theyarealmostjustfish－eatersuntiltheyare7，8，9feetlong，”saysBurgess.“Astheygetbigger，theywillbegintostarteatingmammalpreyiftheygettheopportunity.”Theseoldersharkspreferseals，sealionsandwalruses.Whentheystrikefrombelow，atspeed，whitesharkscanclearthesurfacebyasmuchas3m.Tolocatetheirprey，whitesharksusealmosteverytrickinthebook.“Theyhaveaseriesofsenses，”saysBurgess.Ina1963study，researchershungaspeakerovertheedgeoftheirboatoffMiamitoseeiftheycouldattractsharkswithsound.（Nogreatwhitesharkswerespottedinthisstud，ybutit'sreasonabletoassumetheyhavegoodhearingtoo.Asagreatwhitesharkgetsclosertoitspre，yitssenseofsmellbeginstokickin.Astudyofthebrainsofdifferentspecies