医学生必备-解剖专业词汇 英汉互译(全)doc

PAGE33PAGE67医学生必备-解剖专业词汇.doc第一部分systematicanatomy系统解剖学topographicanatomy局部解剖学macroanatomy巨视解剖学microanatomy微视解剖学surgicalanatomy外科解剖学surfaceanatomy表面解剖学X-rayanatomyX线解剖学sectionalanatomy断层解剖学locomotiveanatomy运动解剖学anatomicalposition解剖学姿势superior上inferior下cranial颅侧caudal尾侧anterior前ventral腹侧posterior后dorsal背侧medial内侧lateral外侧internal内external外superficial浅profound深proximal近侧distal远侧ulnar尺侧radial桡侧tibial胫侧fibular腓侧left左right右horizontal水平central中央Verticalaxis轴Sagittalaxis矢状轴Coronalaxis冠状轴Sagittalplane矢状面plane面horizontalplane面variation变异abnormal异常dissection解剖cadaver尸体specimen标本model模型bone骨longbone长骨diaphysis,shaft骨干medullarycavity髓腔nutrientforamen滋养孔epiphysis骺articularsurface关节面metaphysis干骺端epiphysilcartilage骺软骨epiphysialline骺线shortbone短骨flatbone扁骨irregularbone不规则骨pneumaticbone含气骨sesamoidbone籽骨process突spine棘eminence隆起tuberosity粗隆tuber结节tubercle小结节crest嵴line线fossa窝fovea凹foveola小凹sulcus沟impression压迹cavity腔sinus窦antrum房cellules小房canal管meatus道aperture口foramen孔hiatus裂孔head头capitulum小头condyle髁epicondyle上髁surface面border缘notch切迹compactbone骨密质spongybone骨松质trabeculae骨小梁diploe板障periosteum骨膜endosteum骨内膜bonemarrow骨髓osteoporosis骨质疏松症vertebrae椎骨vertebralbody椎体vertebralforamen椎孔vertebralcanal椎管vertebralarch椎弓pedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根intervertebralforamina椎间孔laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板spinousprocess棘突transverseprocess横突articularprocess关节突thoracicvertebrae胸椎cervicalvertebrae颈椎uncusofvertebralbody椎体钩transverseforamen横突孔atlas寰椎axis枢椎vertebraeprominens隆椎lumbarvertebrae腰椎sacrum；sacralbone骶骨promontory岬sacralhiatus骶管裂孔sacralcornu骶角coccyx尾骨sternum胸骨manubriumsterni胸骨柄sternalangle胸骨角jugularnotch颈静脉切迹bodyofsternum胸骨体xiphoidprocess剑突costalarch肋弓costalbone肋骨costalhead肋头costalneck肋颈costaltubercle肋结节shaftofrib肋体costalgroove肋沟costalangle肋角costalcartilage肋软骨skull颅calvaria颅盖frontalbone额骨ethmoidbone筛骨sphenoidbone蝶骨hypophysialfossa垂体窝greaterwing大翼foramenrotundum圆孔foramenovale卵圆孔foramenspinosum棘孔lesserwing小翼opticcanal视神经管superiororbitalfissure眶上裂pterygoidprocess翼突pterygoidcanal翼管temporalbone颞骨squamouspart鳞部mandibularfossa下颌窝articulartubercle关节结节tympanicpart鼓部petrouspart岩部internalacousticpore内耳门carotidcanal颈动脉管styloidprocess茎突mastoidprocess乳突stylomastoidforamen茎突孔occipitalbone枕骨foramenmagnum枕骨大孔parietalbone顶骨mandible下颌骨mentalforamen颏孔ramusofmandible下颌支headofmandible下颌头neckofmandible下颌颈angleofmandible下颌角mandibularforamen下颌孔hyoidbone舌骨vomer犁骨maxilla上颌骨infraorbitalforamen眶下孔frontalprocess额突zygomaticprocess颧突alveolarprocess牙槽突palatineprocess腭突palatinebone腭骨nasalbone鼻骨lacrimalbone泪骨inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲zygomaticbone颧骨coronalsuture冠状缝sagittalsuture矢状缝lambdoidsuture人字缝externaloccipitalprotuberance枕外隆凸anteriorcranialfossa颅前窝middlecranialfossa颅中窝foramenlacerum破裂孔posteriorcranialfossa颅后窝clivus斜坡internaloccipitalprotuberance枕内隆凸jugularforamen颈静脉孔pterion翼点infratemporalfossa颞下窝pterygopalatinefossa翼腭窝orbit眶nasolacrimalcanal鼻泪管frontalsquama额鳞inferiororbitalfissure眶下裂bonynasalcavity骨性鼻腔superiormiddleandinferiornasalmeatus上、中、下鼻道paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦frontalsinus额窦ethmoidalsinuses筛窦sphenoidalsinus蝶窦maxillarysinus上颌窦oralcavity骨性口腔cranialfontanelles颅囟anteriorfontanelle前囟posteriorfontanelle后囟clavicle锁骨scapula肩胛骨subscapularfossa肩胛下窝spineofscapula肩胛冈supraspinousfossa冈上窝infraspinousfossa冈下窝acromion肩峰coracoidprocess喙突glenoidcavity关节盂humerus肱骨headofhumerus肱骨头anatomicalneck解剖颈greatertubercle大结节lessertubercle小结节surgicalneck外科颈deltoidtuberosity三角肌粗隆sulcusforradialnerve桡神经沟capitulumofhumerus肱骨小头lateralepicondyle外上髁medialepicondyle内上髁radius桡骨headofradius桡骨头neckofradius桡骨颈radialtuberosity桡骨粗隆styloidprocess茎突ulna尺骨trochlearnotch滑车切迹olecranon鹰嘴coronoidprocess冠突ulnartuberosity尺骨粗隆headofulna尺骨头styloidprocess尺骨茎突carpalbones腕骨scaphoidbone手舟骨lunatebone月骨triquetralbone三角骨pisiformbone豌豆骨trapeziumbone大多角骨trapezoidbone小多角骨capitatebone头状骨hamatebone钩骨metacarpalbones掌骨phalangesoffingers指骨hipbone髋骨ilium髂骨iliaccrest髂嵴anteriorsuperioriliacspine髂前上嵴posteiorsuperioriliacspine髂后上嵴tubercleofiliaccrest髂结节greatersciaticnotch坐骨大切迹iliacfossa髂窝arcuateline弓状线ischium坐骨ischialspine坐骨棘lessersciaticnotch坐骨小切迹ischialtuberosity坐骨结节pubis耻骨pectenpubis耻骨梳pubistubercle耻骨结节symphysialsurface耻骨联合面obturatorforamen闭孔acetabulum髋臼lunatesurface月状面femur股骨femoralhead股骨头neckoffemur股骨颈greatertrochanter大转子lessertrochanter小转子lineaaspera粗线gultealtuberosity臀肌粗隆medialcondyle内侧髁lateralcondyle外侧髁intercondylarfossa髁间窝adductortubercle收肌结节patella髌骨tibia胫骨intercondylareminence髁间隆起tibialtuberosity胫骨粗隆medialmallelous内踝fibula腓骨lateralmalleolus外踝tarsalbones跗骨calcaneus跟骨talus距骨medialcuneiformbone内侧楔骨intermediatecuneiformbone中间楔骨lateralcuneiformbone外侧楔骨navicularbone足舟骨cuboidbone骰骨metatarsalbones跖骨phalangesoftoes趾骨fbrousjoint纤维连接cartilaginousjoint软骨连接synostosis骨性结合syndesmosis韧带连接suture缝synchondrosis透明软骨结合symphysis纤维软骨联合articulation关节synovialjoint滑膜关节articularsurface关节面articularcartilage关节软骨articularcapsule关节囊fibrousmembrane纤维膜synovialmembrane滑膜synovialfluid滑液articularcavity关节腔ligament韧带articulardisc关节盘articularlabrum关节唇synovialfold滑膜襞synovialbursa滑膜囊translation移动flexion屈extension伸dorsiflexion背屈plantarflexion跖屈adduction收abduction展rotation旋转medialrotation旋内lateralrotation旋外pronation旋前supination旋后circumduction环转hingejoint屈戌关节trochoidjoint;pivotjoint车轴关节ellipsoidjoint椭圆关节sellarjoint;saddlejoint鞍状关节ballandsocketjoint;spheroidaljoint球窝关节planejoint平面关节vertebralcolumn脊柱intervertebraldisc椎间盘nucleuspulposus髓核anulusfibrous纤维环anteriorlongitudinalligament前纵韧带posteriorlongitudinalligament后纵韧带ligamentaflava黄韧带interspinalligament棘间韧带supraspinalligament棘上韧带ligamentumnuchae项韧带intertransverseligament横突间韧带zygapophysealjoint关节突关节atlantooccipitaljoint寰枕关节anterioratlantooccipitalmembrane寰枕前膜posterioratlantooccipitalmembrane寰枕后膜atlantoaxialjoint寰枢关节thorax胸廓costovertebraljoint肋椎关节jointofcostalhead肋头关节costotransversejoint肋横突关节sternocostaljoint胸肋关节temporomandibularjoint颞下颌关节sternoclaviclarjoint胸锁关节acromioclavicularjoint肩锁关节coracoacromialligament喙肩韧带shoulderjoint肩关节elbowjoint肘关节humeroulnarjoint肱尺关节humeroradialjoint肱桡关节proximalradioulnarjoint桡尺近侧关节radialcollateralligament桡侧副韧带unlarcollateralligament尺侧副韧带annularligamentofradius桡骨环状韧带interosseousmembraneofforearm前臂骨间膜distalradioulnarjoint桡尺远侧关节jointsofhand手关节radiocarpaljoint桡腕关节wristjoint腕关节intercarpaljoint腕骨间关节carpometacarpaljoint腕掌关节carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌关节intermetacarpaljoint掌骨间关节metacarpophalangealjoint掌指关节interphalangealjoint指骨间关节sacroiliacjoint骶髂关节iliolumbarligament髂腰韧带sacrotuberousligament骶结节韧带sacrospinousligament骶棘韧带pubicsymphysis耻骨联合obturatormembrane闭孔膜obturatorcanal闭膜管pelvis骨盆greaterpelvis大骨盆lesserpelvis小骨盆hipjoint髋关节acetabularlabrum髋臼唇iliofemoralligament髂股韧带ligamentofheadofthefemur股骨头韧带pubofemoralligament耻股韧带ischiofemoralligament坐股韧带kneejoint膝关节patellarligament髌韧带fibularcollateralligament腓侧副韧带tibialcollateralligament胫侧副韧带obliquepoplitealligament腘斜韧带cruciateligament膝交叉韧带anteriorcruciateligament前交叉韧带posteriorcruciateligament后交叉韧带meniscus半月板medialmeniscus内侧半月板lateralmeniscus外侧半月板jointsoffoot足关节talocruraljoint距小腿关节anklejoint踝关节medialligament内侧韧带lateralligament外侧韧带anteriortalofibularligament距腓前韧带posteriortalofibularligament距腓后韧带intertarsaljoint跗骨间关节talocalcanealjoint距跟关节subtalarjoint距下关节talocalcaneonavicularjoint距跟舟关节calcaneocuboidjoint跟骰关节transversetarsaljoint跗横关节plantarcalcaneonavicularligament跟舟足底韧带springligament跳跃韧带bifurcateligament分岐韧带tarsometatarsaljoint跗跖关节intermetatasaljoint跖骨间关节metatasophalangealjoint跖趾关节interphalangealjoint趾骨间关节肌学Muscle肌Musclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱Aponeurosis腱膜Fascia筋膜Superficialfascia浅筋膜Deepfascia深筋膜Synovialbursa滑膜囊Tendinoussheath腱鞘Fibrouslayer纤维层Fibroussheathoftendon腱纤维鞘Synoviallayer滑膜层Synovialsheathoftendon腱滑膜鞘Mesotendon腱系膜Epicranius颅顶肌Galeaaponeurotica帽状腱膜Frontalbelly额腹Occipitalbelly枕腹Orbicularisoculi眼轮匝肌Buccinator颊肌Orbicularisoris口轮匝肌Masseter咬肌temporalis颞肌Medialpterygoid翼内肌lateralpterygoid翼外肌Platysma颈阔肌Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌Digastric二腹肌Mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌Stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌Sternohyoid胸骨舌骨肌Omohyoid肩胛舌骨肌Sternothyroid胸骨甲状肌Thyrohyoid甲状舌骨肌Scalenusanterior前斜角肌Scalenusmedius中斜角肌Scalenusposterior后斜角肌Cervicalfascia颈筋膜Trapezius斜方肌Latissimusdorsi背阔肌Levatorscapulae肩胛提肌Rhomboideus菱形肌Erectorspinae竖脊肌Splenius夹肌Thoracolumbarfascia胸腰筋膜Pectoralismajor胸大肌Pectoralisminor胸小肌Serratusanterior前锯肌Intercostalesexterni肋间外肌Intercostalesinterni肋间内肌Intercostalesintimi肋间最内肌Transversesthoracis胸横肌Clavipectoralfascia锁胸筋膜Diaphragm膈Centraltendon中心腱Aoctichiatus主动脉裂孔Esophagealhiatus食管裂孔Venacavalforamen腔静脉孔Obliquusexternusabdominis腹外斜肌Inguinalligament腹股沟韧带Lacunarligament腔隙韧带Pectinealligament耻骨梳韧带Superficialinguinalring腹股沟管浅环Obliquusinternusabdominis腹内斜肌Inguinalfalx腹股沟镰Conjointtendon联合腱Cremaster提睾肌Transversusabdominis腹横肌Rectusabdominis腹直肌Tendinousintersection腱划Sheathofrectusabdominis腹直肌鞘Arcuateline弓状线Lineaalba白线Quadratuslumborum腰方肌Inguinalcanal腹股沟管Deepinguinalring腹股沟管深环Inguinaltriangle腹股沟三角Deltoid三角肌Supraspinatus冈上肌Infraspinatus冈下肌Teresminor小圆肌Teresmajor大圆肌Subscapularis肩胛下肌Musculotendinouscuff肌腱袖Bicepsbrachii肱二头肌Coracobrachialis喙肱肌Brachialis肱肌tricepsbrachii肱三头肌Brachioradialis肱桡肌Pronatorteres旋前圆肌Flexorcarpiradialis桡侧腕屈肌Palmarislongus掌长肌Flexorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕屈肌Flexordigitorumsuperficialis指浅屈肌Flexorpollicislongus拇长屈肌Flexordigitorumprofundus指深屈肌Pronatorquadratus旋前方肌Extensorcarpiradialislongus桡侧腕长伸肌Extensorcarpiradialisbrevis桡侧腕短伸肌Extensordigitorum指伸肌Extensordigitiminimi小指伸肌Extensorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕伸肌Supinator旋后肌Abdutorpollicislongus拇长展肌Extensorpollicisbrevis拇短伸肌Extensorpollicislongus拇长伸肌Extensorindicis示指伸肌Thenar鱼际Abdutorpollicisbrevis拇短展肌Flexorpollicisbrevis拇短屈肌Opponenspollicis拇对掌肌Adductorpollicis拇收肌Hypothenar小鱼际Abductordigitiminimi小指展肌Flexordigitiminimibrevis小指短屈肌Opponensdigitiminimi小指对掌肌Lumbricales蚓状肌Palmarinterossei骨间掌侧肌Dorsalinterossei骨间背侧肌Axillaryfossa腋窝Deltopectoralgroove三角胸肌间沟Trilateralforamen三边孔Quadrilateralforamen四边孔Cubitalfossa肘窝Carpalcanal腕管Iliopsoas髂腰肌Psoasmajor腰大肌Iliacus髂肌Psoasminor腰小肌Tensorfasciaclatae阔筋膜张肌Gluteusmaximus臀大肌Gluteusmedius臀中肌Gluteusminimus臀小肌Piriformis梨状肌Obturatorinternus闭孔内肌Quadratusfemoris股方肌Obturatorexternus闭孔外肌Sartorius缝匠肌Quadricepsfemoris股四头肌Pectineus耻骨肌Adductorlongus长收肌Gracilis股薄肌Adductorbrevis短收肌Adductormagnus大收肌Bicepsfemoris股二头肌Semitemdinosus半腱肌Semimenbranosus半膜肌Tibialisanterior胫骨前肌Extensordigitorumlongus趾长伸肌Extensorhallucislongus长伸肌Peroneuslongus腓骨长肌Peroneusbrevis腓骨短肌Tricepssurae小腿三头肌Gastrocnemius腓肠肌Soleus比目鱼肌Tendocalcaneus跟腱Popliteus腘肌Flexordigitorumlongus趾长屈肌Flexorhallucislongus长屈肌Tibialisposterior胫骨后肌Suprapiriformisforamen梨状肌上孔Infrapiriformisforamen梨状肌下孔Lacunavasorum血管腔隙Lacunamusculorum肌腔隙Femoralcanal股管Femoralring股环Femoraltriangle股三角Adductorcanal收肌管Poplitealfossa腘窝viscera内脏splanchnology内脏学hilum;porta门hilumoflung肺门portahepatis肝门anteriormedianline前正中线sternalline胸骨线midclavicularline锁骨中线parasternalline胸骨旁线anterioraxillaryline腋前线posterioraxillaryline腋后线midaxillaryline腋中线scapularline肩胛线posteriormedianline后正中线alimentarysystem消化系统alimentarycanal消化管alimentarygland消化腺oralcavity口腔oralvestibule口腔前庭oralcavityproper固有口腔orallips口唇philtrum人中nasolabialsulcus鼻唇沟cheek颊papillaofparotidduct腮腺管乳头palate腭hardpalate硬腭softpalate软腭velumpalatinum腭帆uvula腭垂palatoglossalarch腭舌弓palatopharyngealarch腭咽弓isthmusoffauces咽峡teeth牙upperdentalarch上牙弓lowerdentalarch下牙弓deciduousteeth乳牙permanentteeth恒牙wisdomtooth迟牙incisors切牙canineteeth尖牙molars磨牙premolars前磨牙crownoftooth牙冠rootoftooth牙根neckoftooth牙颈pulpchamber牙冠腔rootcanal牙根管apicalforamen根间孔dentalcavity牙腔pulpcavity髓腔dentine牙质enamel釉质cement牙骨质dentalpulp牙髓periodontalmembrane牙周膜alveolarbone牙槽骨gingiva牙龈tongue舌bodyoftongue舌体rootoftongue舌根terminalsulcus界沟apexoftongue舌尖foramencecumoftongue舌盲孔papillaeoftougue舌乳头filiformpapillae丝状乳头fungiformpapillae菌状乳头foliatepapillae叶状乳头vallatepapillae轮廓乳头lingualtonsil舌扁桃体frenulumoftongue舌系带sublingualcaruncle舌下阜sublingualfold舌下襞intrinsiclingualmuscles舌内肌extrinsiclingualmuscles舌外肌genioglossus颏舌肌salivarygland唾液腺minorsalivaryglands小唾液腺majorsalivaryglands大唾液腺parotidgland腮腺parotidduct腮腺管accessoryparotidgland副腮腺submandibulargland下颌下腺sublingualgland舌下腺pharynx咽cavityofpharynx咽腔nasopharynx鼻咽pharyngealopeningofauditorytube咽鼓管咽口tubaltorus咽鼓管圆枕pharyngealrecess咽隐窝tubaltonsil咽鼓管扁桃体pharyngealtonsil咽扁桃体oropharynx口咽medianglossoepiglotticfold舌会厌正中襞epiglotticvallecula会厌谷palatinetonsil腭扁桃体tonsillarfossulae扁桃体小窝supratonsilarfossa扁桃体上窝laryngopharynx咽喉piriformrecess梨状隐窝esophagus食管stomach胃lessercurvatureofstomach胃小弯angularincisure角切迹greatercurvatureofstomach胃大弯cardia贲门cardiacincisure贲门切迹pylorus幽门cardiacpart贲门部fundusofstomach胃底fornixofstomach胃穹窿bodyofstomach胃体pyloricpart幽门部pyloriccanal幽门管pyloricantrum幽门窦pyloricvalve幽门瓣pyloricsphincter幽门括约肌smallintestine小肠duodenum十二指肠superiorpart上部superiorduodenalflexure十二指肠上曲duodenalbulb十二指肠球descendingpart降部inferiorduodenalflexure十二指肠下曲longitudinalfoldofduodenum十二指肠纵襞majorduodenalpapilla十二指肠大乳头 minorduodenalpapilla十二指肠小乳头horizontalpart水平部ascendingpart升部duodenojejunalflexure十二指肠空肠曲suspensoryligamentofduodenum十二指肠悬韧带jejunum空肠ileum回肠solitarylymphaticfollicles孤立淋巴滤泡aggregatedlymphaticfollicles集合淋巴滤泡largeintestine大肠colicbands结肠带haustraofcolon结肠袋epiploicaeappendices肠脂垂caecum盲肠ileocecalorifice回盲口ileocecalvalve回盲瓣vermiformappendix阑尾colon结肠ascendingcolon升结肠rightcolicflexure结肠右曲transversecolon横结肠leftcolicflexure结肠左曲descendingcolon降结肠sigmoidcolon乙状结肠rectum直肠sacralflexureofrectum直肠骶曲perinealflexureofrectum直肠会阴曲ampullaofrectum直肠壶腹analcanal肛管analcolumns肛柱analvalves肛瓣analsinuses肛窦anorectalline肛直肠线dentateline齿状线anocutaneousline肛皮线analpectin肛梳haemorrhoidalring痔环whiteline或称Hilton白线anus肛门sphincteraniinternus肛门括约肌sphincteraniexternus肛门外括约肌subcutaneouspart皮下部superficialpart浅部deeppart深部liver肝diaphragmaticsurface膈面falciformligament镰状韧带leftlobeofliver肝左叶rightlobeofliver肝右叶barearea裸区visceralsurface脏面portahepatis肝门fissureforligamentumtereshepatis肝圆韧带裂 fissureforligamentumvenosum静脉韧带裂ligamentumtereshepatis肝圆韧带ligamentumvenosum静脉韧带fossaforgallbladder胆囊窝sulcusforvenacava腔静脉沟secondaryportaofliver第2肝门quadratelobe方叶caudatelobe尾状叶notchforligamentumtereshepatis肝圆韧带切迹hepaticfissure肝裂middlehepaticfissure正中裂rightinterlobarfissure右叶间裂leftinterlobarfissure左叶间裂leftintersegmentalfissure左外叶段间裂rightintersegmentalfissure右后叶段间裂gallbladder胆囊fundusofgallbladder胆囊底bodyofgallbladder胆囊体neckofgallbladder胆囊颈cysticduct胆囊管spiralfold螺旋襞commonhepaticduct肝总管commonbileduct胆总管hepatopancreaticampulla肝胰壶腹sphicterofhepatopancreaticampulla肝胰壶腹括约肌pancreas胰headofpancreas胰头uncinateprocess钩突neckofpancreas胰颈tailofpancreas胰尾pancreaticduct胰管accessorypancreaticduct副胰管respiratorysystem呼吸系统diffuseneuroendocrinesystem，DNES弥散性神经内分泌系统bombesin蛙皮素calcitoningenerelatedpeptide，CGRP降钙素基因相关肽nose鼻externalnose外鼻nasalala鼻翼nasolabialsulcus鼻唇沟nasalcavity鼻腔nostril鼻孔choanae鼻后孔nasalvestibule鼻前庭nasalcavityproper固有鼻腔nasallimen鼻阈nasalseptum鼻中隔Little区或Kiesselbach区易出血区nasalconcha鼻甲supremenasalconcha最上鼻甲sphenoethmoidalrecess蝶筛隐窝semilunarhiatus半月裂孔ethmoidalinfundibulum筛漏斗ethmoidalbulb筛泡nasolacrimalcanal鼻泪管olfactoryregion嗅区nasalgland鼻腺paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦frontalsinus额窦ethmoidalsinus筛窦ethmoidallabyrinth筛骨迷路opticcanal视神经管sphenoidalsinus蝶窦maxillarysinus上颌窦larynx喉thyroidcartilage甲状软骨anteriorhorn前角laryngealprominence喉结superiornotch上切迹cricoidcartilage环状软骨cricoidarch环状软骨弓cricoidlamina环状软骨板thyroidarticularsurface甲关节面cricothyroidjoint环甲关节epiglotticcartilage会厌软骨epiglottis会厌arytenoidscartilage杓状软骨cricoarytenoidjoint环杓关节vocalprocess声带突muscularprocess肌突thyrohyoidmembrane甲状舌骨膜 medianthyrohyoidligament甲状舌骨正中韧带triticealcartilage麦粒软骨cricothyroidjoint环甲关节cricoarytenoidjoint环杓关节 quadrangularmembrane方形膜vestibularligament前庭韧带conuselasticus弹性圆锥vocalligament声韧带vocalis声带肌vocalfold声带mediancricothyroidligament环甲正中韧带cricotrachealligament环气管韧带laryngealmuscle喉肌cricothyroidmuscle环甲肌posteriorcricoarytenoidmuscle环杓后肌muscularprocess肌突lateralcricoarytenoidmuscle环杓侧肌thyroarytenoidmuscle甲杓肌arytenoid杓肌transversearytenoids杓横肌obliquearytenoids杓斜肌aryepiglotticmuscle杓会厌肌laryngealcavity喉腔adituslarynges喉口plicaaryepiglottica杓会厌襞recessuspiriformis梨壮隐窝vestibularfold前庭襞vocalfold声襞rimavestibuli前庭裂laryngealvestibule喉前庭intermediaalcavityoflarynx喉中间腔ventricleoflarynx喉室vocalcord声带fissureofglottis声门裂intermembranouspart膜间部intercartilaginouspart软骨间部glottis声门infraglotticcavity声门下腔trachea气管bifurcationoftrachea气管杈carinaoftrachea气管隆嵴membranouswall气管膜壁trachealmuscle气管肌bronchi支气管rightprincipalbronchus右主支气管subcarinalangle嵴下角leftprincipalbronchus肺 lung左主支气管pulmonarylobule肺小叶apexoflung肺尖baseoflung肺底costalsurface肋面mediastinalsurface纵膈面hilumoflung肺门rootoflung肺根diaphragmaticsurface膈面cardiacnotch心切迹lingualofleftlung左肺小舌inferiorborder下缘obliquefissure斜裂horizontalfissureofrightlung水平裂lobarbronchi肺叶支气管segmentalbronchi肺段支气管bronchialtree支气管树bronchopulmonarysegments支气管肺段pulmonarysegment肺段pulmonaryartery肺动脉branchialartery支气管动脉pleura胸膜parietalpleura壁胸膜visceralpleura脏胸膜pleuralcavity胸膜腔pulmonaryligament肺韧带costalpleura肋胸膜diaphragmaticpleura膈胸膜mediastinalpleura纵膈胸膜cupulaofpleura胸膜顶pleuralrecesses胸膜隐窝costodiaphragmaticrecess肋膈隐窝costomediastinalrecess肋纵隔隐窝phrennicomediastinalrecess膈纵隔隐窝xiphocostalangle剑肋角regionofthymus胸腺区pericardialregion心包区mediastinum纵隔superiormediastinum上纵隔inferiormediastinum下纵隔anteriormediastinum前纵隔middlemediastinum中纵隔posteriormdeiastinum后纵隔urinarysystem泌尿系统erythropoietin促红细胞生成素rennin肾素kidney肾medialborder内侧缘renalhilum肾门renalpelvis肾盂renalpedicle肾蒂renalsinus肾窦renalregion肾区musculartunica肌织膜fibrouscapsule纤维囊fattyrenalcapsule脂肪囊renalfascia肾筋膜prerenalfascia肾前筋膜retrorenalfascia肾后筋膜nephroptosis肾下垂renalcortex肾皮质renalmedulla肾髓质renalcorpuscles肾小体renaltubulus肾小管renalpyramid肾锥体renalpapillae肾乳头minorrenalcalices肾小盏papillaryforamina乳头孔renalcolumn肾柱majorrenalcalices肾大盏renalpelvis肾盂renalartery肾动脉segmentalartery肾段动脉renalsegment肾段zonedevoidofvessel乏血管带ureter输尿管abdominalpartoftheureter输尿管腹部pelvicpartoftheureter输尿管盆部intramuralpartoftheureter输尿管壁内部superiorstricture上狭窄middlestricture中狭窄inferiorstricture下狭窄urinarybladde膀胱apexofbladder膀胱尖medianumbilicalligament脐正中韧带fundusofbladder膀胱底bodyofbladder膀胱体neckofbladder膀胱颈baseofprostategland前列腺底pelvicdiaphragm盆膈vesicalplica膀胱襞uretericorifice输尿管口internalurethralorifice尿道内口trigoneofbladder膀胱三角interuretericfold输尿管间襞vesicaluvula膀胱垂prevesicalspace膀胱前隙pubicoprostaticligament耻骨前列腺韧带 venousplexus静脉丛rectovesicalfascia直肠膀胱筋膜pelviccavity盆腔cystoptosis膀胱脱垂urinaryincontinence尿失禁 femaleurethra女性尿道internalurethralorifice尿道内口externalurethralorifice尿道外口skeinsgland尿道旁腺reproductivesystem生殖系统testis睾丸tunicaalbuginea白膜mediastinumtestis睾丸纵隔septulatestis睾丸小隔lobulesoftestis睾丸小叶contortedseminiferoustubules精曲小管straightseminiferoustubules精直小管efferentductulesoftestis输出小管epididymis附睾ductusdeferens输精管ampullaductusdeferentis输精管壶腹spermaticcord精索ejaculatoryduct射精管seminalvesicle精囊prostate前列腺bulbourethralgland尿道球腺spermaticfluid精液scrotum阴囊dartoscoat肉膜septumofscrotum阴囊中隔tunicavaginalisoftestis睾丸鞘膜externalspermaticfascia精索外筋膜cremaster提睾肌internalspermaticfascia精索内筋膜vaginalcavity鞘膜腔penis阴茎glanspenis阴茎头 externalorificeofurethra尿道外口cavernousbodyofpenis阴茎海绵体cavernousbodyofurethra尿道海绵体 bulbofurethra尿道球prepuceofpenis阴茎包皮frenulumofprepuce包皮系带suspensoryligamentofpenis阴茎悬韧带 maleurethra男性尿道prostaticpart前列腺部urethralcrest尿道嵴seminalcolliculus精阜prostaticutricle前列腺小囊membranouspart膜部cavernouspart海绵体部navicularfossaofurethra尿道舟状窝ovary卵巢hilumofovary卵巢门suspensoryligamentofovary卵巢悬韧带properligamentofovary卵巢固有韧带 uterinetube输卵管uterineorificeofuterinetube输卵管子宫口abdominalorificeofuterinetube输卵管腹腔口isthmusofuterinetube输卵管峡ampullaofuterinetube输卵管壶腹infundibulumofuterinetube输卵管漏斗fimbriaeofuterinetube输卵管伞ovarianfimbria卵巢伞uterus子宫fundusofuterus子宫底neckofuterus子宫颈vaginalpartofcervix子宫颈阴道部supravaginalpartofcervix子宫颈阴道上部bodyofuterus子宫体hornofuterus子宫角isthmusofuterus子宫峡cavityofuterus子宫腔canalofcervixofuterus子宫颈管orificeofuterus子宫口vesicouterinepouch膀胱子宫凹陷rectouterinepouch直肠子宫凹陷broadligamentofuterus子宫阔韧带roundligamentofuterus子宫圆韧带cardinalligamentofuterus子宫主韧带parametrium子宫旁组织uterosacralligament子宫骶韧带rectouterinefold直肠子宫襞vagina阴道vaginalorifice阴道口hymen处女膜fornixofvagina阴道穹greatervestibulargland前庭大腺monspubis阴阜greaterlipsofpudendum大阴唇lesserlipsofpudendum小阴唇vaginalvestibule阴道前庭clitoris阴蒂bulbofvestibule前庭球mamma乳房mammarypapilla乳头areolaofbreast乳晕lobesofmammarygland乳腺叶lobulesofmammarygland乳腺小叶lactiferousducts输乳管lactiferoussinus输乳管窦suspensoryligamentofbreast乳房悬韧带perineum会阴urogenitalregion尿生殖区analregion肛区levatorani肛提肌coccygeus尾骨肌sphincteraniexternus肛门外括约肌superficialtransversemuscleofperineum会阴浅横肌bulbocavernosus球海绵体肌perinealcentraltendon会阴中心腱perinealbody会阴体ischiocavernosus坐骨海绵体肌deeptransversemuscleofperineum会阴深横肌sphincterofurethra尿道括约肌urethrovaginalsphincter尿道阴道括约肌ischioanalfossa坐骨肛门窝superficialfasciaofperineum会阴浅筋膜inferiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragm盆膈下筋膜superiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragm盆膈上筋膜pelvicdiaphragm盆膈inferiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragm尿生殖膈下筋膜 superiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragm尿生殖膈上筋膜urogenitaldiaphragm尿生殖膈superficialperinealspace会阴浅隙deepperinealspace会阴深隙peritoneum腹膜parietalperitoneum壁腹膜visceralperitoneum脏腹膜peritonealcavity腹膜腔omentum网膜lesseromentum小网膜hepatogastricligament肝胃韧带hepatoduodenalligament肝十二指肠韧带greateromentum大网膜gastrocolicligament胃结肠韧带omentalbursa网膜囊omentalforamen网膜孔mesentery肠系膜radixofmesentery肠系膜根mesoappendix阑尾系膜transversemesocolon横结肠膜sigmoidmesocolon乙状结肠系膜falciformligamentofliver镰状韧带ligamentumtereshepatis肝圆韧带coronaryligament冠状韧带bareareaofliver肝裸区leftandrighttriangularligament左、右三角韧带gastrosplenicligament胃脾韧带splenorenalligament脾肾韧带phrenicosplenicligament膈脾韧带splenocolicligament脾结肠韧带gastrophrenicligament胃膈韧带phrenicocolicligament膈结肠韧带superiorduodenalfold十二指肠上襞superiorduodenalrecess十二指肠上隐窝inferiorduodenalfold十二指肠下襞inferiorduodenalrecess十二指肠下隐窝 retrocecalrecess盲肠后隐窝intersigmoidrecess乙状结肠间隐窝hepatorenalrecess肝肾隐窝medianumbilicalfold脐正中襞medialumbilicalfold脐内侧襞lateralumbilicalfold脐外侧襞supravesicalfossa膀胱上窝medialinguinalfossa腹股沟内侧窝lateralinguinalfossa腹股沟外侧窝femoralfossa股凹rectovesicalpouch直肠膀胱陷凹vesicouterinepouch膀胱子宫陷凹rectouterinepouch直肠子宫陷 subphrenicspace膈下间隙paracolicsulci结肠旁沟mesentericsinus肠系膜窦heart心artery动脉capillary毛细血管vein静脉vascularanastomosis血管吻合colleteralcirculation侧支循环cardiacapex心尖cardiacbase心底coronarysulcus冠状沟anteriorinterventriculargroove前室间沟posteriorinterventriculargroove后室间沟cardiacapicalincisure心尖切迹rightatrium右心房rightauricle右心耳sulcusterminalis界沟cristaterminalis界嵴pectinatemuscles梳状肌orificeofsuperiorvenacava上腔静脉口orificeofinferiorvenacava下腔静脉口valveofinferiorvenacava下腔静脉窦orificeofcoronarysinus冠状窦口fossaovalis卵圆窝rightventricle右心室supraventricularcrest室上嵴trabeculaecarneae肉柱papillarymuscles乳头肌septomarginaltrabecula隔缘肉柱moderatorband节制索rightatrioventricularorifice右房室口tricuspidvalve三尖瓣tricuspidvalvecomplex三尖瓣复合体conusarteriosus动脉圆锥orificeofpulmonarytrunk肺动脉口pulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣leftatrium左心房leftauricle右心耳leftatrioventricularorifice左房室口leftventricle左心室leftventricularbands左室条索mitralcomplex二尖瓣复合体leftatrioventricularorifice左房室口anteriorpapillary前乳头肌posteriorpapillarymuscle后乳头肌aorticvestibule主动脉前庭aorticorifice主动脉口aorticvalve主动脉瓣aorticsinus主动脉窦rightcoronaryleaflet右冠状动脉半月瓣rightcoronarysinus右冠状动脉窦leftcoronaryleaflet左冠状动脉半月瓣leftcoronarysinus左冠状动脉窦non-coronaryleaflet无冠状动脉半月瓣non-coronarysinus无冠状动脉窦fibrousskeleton心纤维骨骼centralfibrousbody中心纤维体leftfibroustrigone左纤维三角endocarcdium心内膜myocardium心肌层epicardium心外膜interatrialseptum房间隔interventricularseptum室间隔atrioventricularseptum房室隔sinuatrialnode窦房结atriolventricularnodalregion房室结区atrioventricularnode房室结atrioventricularbundle房室束leftbundlebranch左束支rightbundlebranch右束支leftcoronaryartery左冠状动脉diagonalbranch对角支anteriorinterventricularbranch前室间支anteriorseptalbranch室间隔前支circumflexbranch旋支branchofsinuatrialnode窦房结支leftatrialcircumflexbranch左房旋支rightcoronaryartery右冠状动脉rightmarginalbranch右缘支posteriorinterventricularbranch后室间支posteriorseptalbranch室后隔后支branchofatrioventricular房室结支coronarysinus冠状窦greatcardiacvein心大静脉middlecardiacvein心中静脉smallcardiacvein心小静脉anteriorcardiacvein前静脉smallestcardiacveins心最小静脉myocardialsinusoids肌窦状隙pericardium心包fibrouspericardium纤维心包serouspericardium浆膜心包pericardialcavity心包腔transversepericardialsinus心包横窦obliquepericardialsinus心包斜窦anteriorinfetiorsinusofpericardium心包前下窦pulmonarytrunk肺动脉干leftpulmonaryartery左肺动脉rightpulmonaryartery右肺动脉arterialligament动脉韧带aorta主动脉ascendingaorta升主动脉aortaarch主动脉弓thoracicaorta胸主动脉abdominalaorta腹主动脉leftandrightcommoniliacartery左、右髂总动脉internaliliacartery髂内动脉externaliliacartery髂外动脉aorticglomera主动脉小球brachiocephalictrunk头臂干leftcommoncarotidartery左颈总动脉leftsubclavianartery左锁骨下动脉carotidsinus颈动脉小球carotidglomus颈动脉窦externalcarotidartery颈外动脉facialartery面动脉superficialtemporalartery颞浅动脉maxillaryarterty上颌动脉middlemeningealartery脑膜中动脉internalcarotidartery颈内动脉vertebralartery椎动脉internalthoracicartery胸廓内动脉thyrocervicaltrunk甲状颈干axillaryartery腋动脉brachialartery肱动脉deepbrachialartery肱深动脉radialartery桡动脉ulnarartery尺动脉superficialpalmararch掌浅弓deeppalmararch掌深弓middlesuprarenalartery肾上腺中动脉renalartery肾动脉testicularartery睾丸动脉ovarianartery卵巢动脉coeliactrunk腹腔干leftgastricartery胃左动脉commonhepaticartery肝总动脉properhepaticartery肝固有动脉rightgastricartery胃右动脉gastroduodenalartery胃十二指肠动脉splenicartery脾动脉superiormesentericartery肠系膜上动脉jejunalarteries空肠动脉ilealarteries回肠动脉ileocolicartery回结肠动脉rightcolicartery右结肠动脉middlecolicartery中结肠动脉inferiormesentericartery肠系膜下动脉leftcolicartery左结肠动脉sigmoidarteries乙状结肠动脉superiorrectalartery直肠上动脉obturatorartery闭孔动脉superiorglutealartery臀上动脉inferiorglutealartery臀下动脉umbilicalartery脐动脉uterineartery子宫动脉internalpudendalartery阴部内动脉femoralartery股动脉poplitealarteryposteriortibialartery胫后动脉peronealartery腓动脉anteriortibialartery胫前动脉dorsalarteryoffoot足背动脉sinusofduramater硬脑膜窦

diploicvein板障静脉pulmonaryvein肺静脉facialvein面静脉angularveindeepfacialvein面深静脉retromandibularvein下颌后静脉pterygoidveno