高考-2014年英语市卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

2014年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(卷)16150120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无第一部分：理解（共三节：30分第一节（51.5分，共7.5分听下面5段，每段有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段你将听一遍。例：WhatisthemangoingtoAAA答案是Whatjuicedoestheman B. C.Whatsubjectdoesthemanlike B. C.Whereisthewoman B. C.Whatkindofstudentbuspassdoesthewoman B. C.WhatarethetwospeakersgoingtonuyforMary’sA B.A C.A第二节（101.5分，共15分听下面4段或独白。每段或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟听第667What’swrongwiththewomanShehasa B.Shehasa C.ShehasaHowlongisthemedicineOne B.Two C.Three听第789WhatdoesthewomanSomeink. B.Aprinter. Somepaper.WhatproblemdoesthemanHecan’tsendatextHecan’thearthewomanHecan’tbebacktotheoffice听第81012WhatdoesthewomanplantodoatTostayat B.InToeat C.ToseeaWhenwillthetwospeakersAt11:oo B.At2:00 C.At4:00WhatisthemantryingtoTointroduceanewpizzatotheToremindthewomantorelaxToinvitethewomantoseea听第91315WhendidthefamilyvisittheDesignOn B.On C.OnHowdidthefamilygotoHydeOn B.By C.ByWhatisthespeakermainlytalkingAmazingattractioninAfour-daytriptoAdreamabout第三节（51.5分，共7.5分听下面一段，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段你将听两遍。TicketbookingEvent& Number& ,ThomasPlace,74WilliamVisa,25648549Wayof 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分第一节单项填空（15小题；每小题115分从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain. ,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.What’s B.That’stoC.Inother D.Believeitor答案是DSomeanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother, plantscanspreadtonew B.C. D.Hi,let’sgoSorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I inanapplicationformforanew B.haveC.am D.willJaneisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves halfan B.C. D. carefullyifanychangeoccurswhenngexperimentsinthelab.. B.ToC. D.Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople theopeningceremonyliveonTV. B.towatchC. D.IborrowthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek, myclassmates mendedto B.C. D. Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon’ttake B.C. D.Therearestillmanyproblems beforewearereadyforalongstayonthe B.C.being D.tobe theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititevery B.C.Even D.InThebestmomentforthefootballstarwas hescoredthewinning B.C. D.WhattimeisIhavenoidea.Butjustaminute, itfor B.C.will D.wouldIfoundthelecturehardtofollowbecause whenI B.wasC.would D.hadSomepeoplebelieve hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthe B.C. D.We backintheho nowifyoudidn’tlosethe B.C.will D.wouldThefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshopwithout B.beingC.having D.havingbeen第二节完形填空（20小题；每小题1.530分A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。TheFitting-inofSuzyThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboyinmyclassoften36aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdropontheopenpage.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤儿)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilytownwho37thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithamericankids.Ilookeddownatthis38girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher39inwithus?Therehadtobea40Oneday,whenIwentintotheclassroom,IsawthatSuzyhad41 hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain,andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n)42copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethinginthecoming43show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker,andshowedherwhatSuzyhad44.“why,it’swonderful,”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted45thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon’thaveenough46.Couldyouhelpme,Suzy?”Onthedayofthetalentshow, 47wereeverywherealloverthehallandalltheschool,eachone“Andfinally,”saidMrBrown,theschoolmaster,attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)award.I’msureyou’veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents49them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw50Mr.Brownwaitedawhilebeforesaying,“51thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa 52,too.Ourmystery(神秘)artistisournewstudentSuzyKhan!”Mr.Brownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist’sset.“Thankyou,”shecried. ,atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she’dprobably anythinginherwholeEveryonestartedto theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashys andtheapplausewasdefening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtoneallright.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.rich B.proud C.tiny A. B C. D.A. B. C.D.A. B. C. D.A.free B.perfect C.final A. B. C.D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C.D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C.D.A. B. C. D.A.If B.Though C.Unless A. B. C. D.A. B. D.A. B. C.D.A. B. C. D.（共两节，20分第一节（152分，共30分阅读下列短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡ASeaLifeMelbourneAquarium水族馆Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.OpeningSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyear,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.Location(位置SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreet,ItissiyuatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentGettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute(线路)andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservice,stopatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdaily,every15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,thereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.Ticketswillbeedtoyouimmediayafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticket,noentry!SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthehas12mostattractiveplacesinadmitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntill6:00isbesideCrownEntertainmentGettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,visitorscantake trainsfromsouthernCrosstrainshuttlebusesaroundthetrainboatsacrosstheyarraeithertramroute70orSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors freecar B.wheelchairC.Internet D.transportationTicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium arefreetoall B.canbepursedbyC.rarecheckedatthe D.canbeprintedattheticketBTheBrownMywifeLauraandIwereonthebeach,withthreeofourchildren,takingpicturesofshorebirdsnearourhomeinAlaskawhenwespottedabear.Thebearwasthinandsmall,movingaimlessly.Justafewminuteslater,Iheardmydaughtershouting,“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”Anagreesivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.Thisonewassilentanditsearspinnedbackthesign(迹象)ofananimalthatisgoinginforkill.AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavedabnormally,probablybecauseofIheldmycameratripod(三脚架)inbothhandstoformabarrierasthebearrushedintome.Itshugeheadwaslevelwithmychestandshoulders,andthetripodstuckacrossitsmouth.ItbitdownandIfoundmyselfsupportingitsweight.IknewIwouldnotbeabletoholditforlong.Evenso,thiswasafightIhadtowin:Iwasallthatstoodbetweenthebearandmyfamily,whowouldstandlittlechanceofrunningfasterthanabrownbear.Thebearhitatthecamera,cuttingitoffthetripod.Iraisedmyleftarmtoprotectmyface;thebeastheldtightlyonthetripodandpresseditintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmybonesweregoingtobreak.Drawingbackmyfreehand,IstruckthebearashardasIcouldforfivetosixtimes.ThebearopeneditsmouthandIgraspeditsfurtryingtopushitaway.Iwasactuallywrestling(扭打)withthebearatthispoint.Then,assuddenlyasithadbegun,thefightended.Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest,beforereturningforanotherattackThefirsttimeIfelfpanic.Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat,thebearmovedoff,destroyingafenceasitwent.Myarmwasinjured,butthe eforuscouldhardlyhavebeenbetter.I’mproudthatmyfamilyremindedclear-headedwhenpaniccouldhaveledtoaverydifferent Thebrownbearapproachedthefamilyinorderto catchshore B.startanC.protectthe D.setupabarrierforThebearfinallywentawayafterit felt B.gotC.foundsome D.tookawaytheThewriterandhisfamilysurvivedmainlyduetotheir B.C. D.CChoosingtheRightResolution(决定MillionsofAmericansbegan2014withthesameresolutiontheystarted2013with,agoaloflosingweight.However,settingweightlossasagoalisamistake.Toreachourgoaloflosingweighttheoutput,weneedtocontrolwhatweeattheinput(输入).Thatis,wetendtocareabouttheoutputbutnottocontroltheinput.Thisisabadwaytoconstrucegoals.Thealternativeistofocusyourresolutionontheinput.Insteadofresolvingtoloseweight,tryanactionableresolution:“I’llstophavingdesertforlunch,”or“I’llwalkeverydayfor20minutes.”Creatingagoalthatfocusesonawell-specifiedinputwilllikelybemoreeffectivethanconcentratingonthe Recentlyanewsciencebehindincentives(激励),includingineducation,hasbeendiscussed.Forexample,researcherRolandFryerwantedtoseewhatworksbestinmotivatingchildrentodobetterinschool.Insomecases,hegavestudentsincentivesbasedoninput,likereadingcertainbooks,whileinothers,theincentiveswerebasedonoutput,likeresultsonexams.Hismainfindingwasthatincentivesincreasedachievementwhenbasedoninputbuthadnoeffectonoutput.Fryer’sconclusionwasthattheintensivesforinputsmightbemoreeffectivebecausedonotknoehowtodobetteronexam,asidefromgeneralruleslike“studyharder.”Readingcertainbooks,ontheotherhand,isawell-settaskoverwhichtheyhavemuchmoreAslongasyouhavedirectcontroloveryourgoal,youhaveamuchhigherchanceofsuccess.Andit’seasiertostartagainifyoufail,becauseyouknowexactlywhatyouneedtodo.Ifyouwanttocutdownonyourspending,agoodgoalwouldbemakingmorningcoffeeathomeinsteadofgoingtoacafe,forexample.Thisisawell-specifiedaction-basedgoalforwhichyoucanmeasureyoursuccesseasily.Spendinglessmoneyisn’tagoalbecauseit’stoogeneral.Similarly,ifyouwanttospendmoretimewithyourfamily,don’tstopwiththisgeneralwish.Thinkboutanactionablehabitthatyoucouldadoptandstickto,likeafamilymovienighteveryWednesday.Inthelongrun,thesenewgoals eaThewriterthinksthatsettingweightlossasagoalisamistakebecause itishardtoachieveformostitisfocusedtoomuchontheitisdependentontoomanyitisbasedonactionableInRolandFryer’sresearch,somestudentsdidbetterthantheothersbecause theyobeyedallthegeneraltheypaidmoreattentiontotheyweremotivatedbytheirtheywererewardedforreadingsomeAccordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsisagood“I’llgiveup B.“I’llstudyC.“I’llcutdownmy D.“I’llspendmoretimewithmyThewriterstronglybelievesthatweshould developgoodhabitsandfocuson beoptimisticaboutfinalgoalsandsticktopickspecificactionsthatcanbeturnedintogoodsetambitiousgoalsthatcanbalancetheinputangDWhatisthefirstthingyouniticewhenyouwalkintoashop?Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance?Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?Buthaveyouevernoticethesmell?Unlessitisbad,theanswerislikelytobeno.Butwhileashop’sscentmaynotbeoutstandingcomparedwithsightsandsounds,itiscertainlythere.AnditisprovidingtoanincreasingpowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletoAbrandstorehas efamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance,viascentmachines.Asmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.Onesportsgoodscompanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores,customers’intensiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.WhenitcomestothebestshopstreetsinPairs,scentisjustasimportanttoabrand’ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonslaes.Thatismainlybecauseshopisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.Someyearsago,thefocusforbrandnameshopwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants’disprovingattitudeanddon’t-touch-what-you-can’t-afforddisplays.Nowtheriseofelectroniccommerce(merce)hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawideraudience.Butwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricks-and-mortarstores(实体店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.Nowafamousstoreusescomplexman-madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore’swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandFriendly B.UniqueC.Softbackground D.attractivewindowE-shopsarementionedinthepassageto ashowtheadvantagesofbrick-and-mortarurgeshopassistantstochangetheirpushstorestousesightsandintroducetherise Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means A.aplatformthatexhibtsB.aspotwheretravelersliketoC.aplacewherecustomerslovetoD.atargetthatastoreexpectstoThemainpurposeofthepassageisto compareand B.examineandC.argueand D.informand第二节（5210分）EvaluatingSources来源ofhealthMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequairsreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Resonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofinsrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.71Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminwhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.73Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehaviour“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”an e;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.73Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.74 Evaluate“scientific”state