雅思阅读练习题对待人口老龄化态

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雅思阅读练习题：对待人口老龄化的态度

ONastagedecoratedwithtinsel(金箔)andfairylights,Liu

Changshengissinging“TheEastisRed”intoamicrophone,

wearingayellowandgreytracksuit(运动套装).ForMrLiu,

theMaoistanthem(赞美诗;颂歌)ofthe1960smayarouse

memoriesmorevividthanthosehehasofhisimmediatepast.

Nowinhisseventies,hehasdementia(痴呆症),anincurable

braindiseasethatisoftenrevealedbyalossofshort-term

memory(短时记忆).FortwoyearsMrLiuhaslivedatthe

QianheNursingHomeinnorthernBeijinginafacilityfor

around75dementiapatients.Theyareamongthefewsufferers

ofthisconditioninChinawhoreceivespecialistcare.

Dementiahasmostlybeenarich-worldsickness,because

itbecomesmorecommonaspeoplelivelonger.Chinaisfast

catchingup.Lifeexpectancy(希望寿命)increasedfrom45in

1960to77now,andthepopulationisageingrapidly：one

personinsixisover60now;by2025nearlyoneinfourwill

be.Factorsthatincreasethe(age-adjusted)riskof

developingdementiaarealsoontherise,including

obesity(肥胖症),smoking,lackofexerciseanddiabetes(糖尿

病).

Alreadyabout9mpeopleinChinahavesomeformof

dementia.Inabsoluteterms,thatismorethantwiceasmany

asinAmerica.(从绝对数看，这个数字是美国的两倍以上。)ItisalsomorethandoublethenumberinIndia,acountrywitha

populationsimilarinsizetoChina’sbutamuchyoungerone.

Nearlytwo-thirdsofChina’ssufferershavetheformknown

asAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症),casesofwhichhavetripled

since1990.ThenumberofAlzheimer’spatientsmayincreaseanotherfourfoldbetweennowand2050.

China’sgovernmentiswoefully(不幸地)unpreparedfor

thiscrisis,withaseverelackofhealth-careprovisionforsufferers.Sotooisthepublic.Despiterecentpublic-informationcampaigns,manyChineseregarddementiaasanaturalpartofageing,notasadisease,anddonotknowthatitisfatal.Othersseeitasapsychologicalailment(

疾

病)ratherthanadegenerationofthebrainitself.It

carriesastigma(污名)ofmentalillness,makingsufferersandtheirrelativesreluctanttoseekhelp.Thiscompounds(使严重化)thesufferingcausedbydementia

：

activemanagementcansometimesslowitsprogress.

EvenattheQianheNursingHome,whereMrLiulives,someaspectsofthecareappearcrude(初级的;原始的).Ashared“activity”spacefordementiasufferershasnogamesortoystoentertainthem;relativesarediscouragedfrom

visitingmorethanonceaweekforfearof“disturbing”

theirkin(intheWest,carehomesencouragevisits,whichcanbestimulatingandprovideasenseofwarmthandfamiliarity).Somedementiapatientsendupinpsychiatricwards,whichcannotdealeffectivelywiththeirspecificrequirements.Thereisanacuteshortageofmedicalworkers

qualifiedtotreatsufferers(合格的医护工作人员严重缺乏来治疗患者。).Onereasonisthatfewareattractedtothework.

ZhangXiurong,50,acareassistantatQianhe,ispaidlessthan3,000yuan($450)amonth,closetotheaveragenational

migrantwage,toprovideallpatients’basicneeds12hoursaday,withonlyfourdaysoffamonth.“NoChineseparent

wantstheironedaughtertoworkinahospitalcleaningbedpans,”saysMichaelPhillipsoftheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofMedicine.

IntheWestmostpatientsgotoacarehomeforthefinalbrutalstagesofthedisease,whichcanlastmorethanayear.InChinafamiliescarrymostoftheburdenfrombeginningtoend.Thegovernmenthaslongunderinvestedinsocialcare,assumingthatadultchildrenwilltakeresponsibility(

在社会

照护方面，政府长久投入不足，认为应当由长大的孩子来负责。

).

Butthisisunsustainable.Plungingbirthratessincethe

1970s,exacerbated(使加重;使恶化)byaone-child-per-couplepolicy,meanthatthenumberofworking-ageadultsperpersonover65willfallby2050fromtento2.5.Migrationinto

cities(seearticle)isleavingsomeelderlypeopleinthecountrysidewithoutfamilymemberstocareforthem.

Needfornewthinking

Thegovernmenthasbeenslowtorecognisethescaleof

theproblem.Itfundssomedementiaresearch,butthemoneygoestoscientistslookingforacure,ratherthantothose

tryingtofindwaysofalleviating(减少)thesufferingof

patientswhohavenochanceofone.(政府资助了一些痴呆症研究，

可是拥有经费的科学家们搜寻的是治疗方案，而不是致力于找到方法来减少那些根本没治的病人的伤心。)“Peopledon’tgetNobelprizesorgrantsfordevelopingastrategyforcommunitycare,”saysDrPhillips.

Inanycountrycarecanbeexpensive,bothforfamiliesandgovernments.InChinathegovernmentwillfinditselfhavingtospendmuchmoreasrelativesproveunequaltothetask.Becausefamilymembersrarelyunderstandthecondition,

morethan90%ofdementiacasesgoundetected(没被发现的),accordingtoastudyledbyRuolingChenofKing’sCollege

inLondon.Suffererswillbenefitwhenthegovernmentatlastrealisesithastostepin.

Vocabulary

anthem赞美诗;颂歌

dementia痴呆症

short-termmemory短时记忆

lifeexpectancy希望寿命

obesity肥胖症

diabetes糖尿病

woefully不幸地

ailment疾病

stigma污名

compound使复杂化;化合物

crude原始的;莽撞的

exacerbate使恶化

alleviate减少

undetected未被发现的

读句子，记雅思词汇

Nocompoundthatwouldsafelyachievethesamefeatinpeoplehasbeenfoundyet,butthesearchhasbeeninformative

andhasfannedhopethatcaloric-restriction(CR)mimetics

canindeedbedevelopedeventually.(剑6T3P3)

参照译文：安全地在人类实现同样奏效的化合物还没有找到，可是这份研究已经很有启迪性，最后开发出控热仿生物的希望被点燃了。

2.Couldsucha‘caloric-restrictionmimetic

’,aswe

callit,