Unit 4 Natural Disasters 基础词汇检测导学案- 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisasters导学案一、基础单词1.summaryn．____________________2.emergencyn．___________________3.volcanon.__________________4.typhoonn．___________________5.hurricanen．_________________6.electricityn．__________________7.revivevt.&vi.__________________8.unifyvi.&vt.________________9.contextn．_________________10.floodn.&v.________________11.tsunamin._________________12.landsliden.________________13.droughtn.________________14.tornadon._______________15.magnituden.______________16.kitn.______________17.pipen.______________18.helicoptern._______________19.percentn._______________20.brickn._______________21.affectn.&v._______________22.deathn.________________23.sweepvi.&vt_________________24.delivervt.&vi._________________25.buryvt.__________________26.survivevt.&vi_________________27.eruptvt.&vi__________________28.effortn.________________29.suffervi.&vt.___________________30.wisdomn.____________________31.metaln.__________________32.breathevi.&vt___________________33.powern.__________________34.lengthn.___________________35.trapvt.&n.___________________36.ruinvt.&n.__________________37.supplyvt.&n._________________38.wavevi.&n._________________39.rescuevt.&n.__________________40.destroyvt.____________________二、单词补写。1.____________n．震惊；令人震惊的事；2._____________[

ɪˈrʌpʃən]火山喷发3._______________[ˈmægnɪtjuːd]n.(地)震级；重大4.____________[ˈrɛskjuː]n.&vt.营救；救援5._____________[ˈdæmɪʤ]vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失6._____________[dɪsˈtrɔɪ]vt.

摧毁；毁灭7.____________[ˈhɛlɪkɒptə]n.

直升机8.____________[straɪk]vi侵袭；突击；击打n.

罢工；9._____________[ˈsʌməri]n.总结；概括；概要10.______________[slaɪd]vi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑动11._____________[tsuːˈnɑːmi]

n.

海啸12.______________[ˈmægnɪtjuːd]n.(地)震级；重大13._____________[brɪk]n.

砖；砖块14.______________[ɪlɛkˈtrɪsɪti]n.电；电能15.______________[ˈbɛri]vt.

埋葬；安葬16._____________[briːð]vi.&vt.呼吸17._____________[paɪp]n.管子；管道18.______________[ˈwɪsl]vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.

吹口哨n.

哨子(声)；呼啸声19.______________[eɪd]

n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)

帮助；援助_20._____________[rɪˈvaɪv]复活，使苏醒21.____________[ˈɛfət]n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力22._____________[ˈwɪzdəm]n.智慧；才智23.____________[pəˈsɛnt]n.

百分之……adj.24.______________[ˈsʌfə]vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦25.____________[kræʃ]vt.&vi.碰撞；撞击

n.撞车26.____________[swiːp]vt.&vi.(swept,swept)

打扫；27._____________[ˈmægnɪtjuːd]n.(地)震级；重大28._____________[ˈʃɛltə]n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽

vi.

躲避

(风、雨或危险29.___________[ˈlændslaɪd]n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡30.______________[dɪˈzɑːstə]n.灾难；灾害31.___________[tɔːˈneɪdəʊ]龙卷风；旋风32._____________[draʊt]n.旱灾；久旱33._______________[ɪˈvækjʊeɪt]vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离34.______________[dɛθ]n.死；死亡35.______________[weɪv]n.海浪；波浪36._______________[dɪˈlɪvə]vt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表37.______________[ɪˈfɛkt]n.影响；结果；38._______________[lɛŋθ]n.长；长度39._____________[flʌd]n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；涌入40.______________[ˈrɛskjuː]n.&vt.营救；41._______________[ˈmɛtl]n.金属42.______________[træp]vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱43._____________[tæp]vi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲44.____________[ɪˈmɜːʤənsi]n.突发事件；紧急情况45.______________[kɑːm]adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静46.____________[kɪt]n.成套工具；成套设备47._____________[rɪˈvaɪvəl]n.振兴；复苏48.____________[ˈjuːnɪfaɪ]vi.&vt.统一；49._____________[ˈkɒntɛkst]n.上下文；语境；50.______________[vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]火山51.______________[ɪˈrʌpt]i.&vt.爆发；52.____________[ˈsʌməri]n.总结；概括；概要53._____________[slaɪd]vi.&vt.(使)滑行；54._____________[dɪsˈtrɔɪ]vt.摧毁；毁灭55.______________[ˈhʌrɪkən]n.飓风56.______________[səˈvaɪv]vi.存活vt.幸存；三、词汇辨析。1.crashn.撞车;碰撞v.碰撞;撞击crashacar/bus撞汽车/公共汽车crashinto/ontosth.撞到某物上acar/planecrash汽车/飞机失事crashsite坠毁现场crashbarrier防撞护栏（1）Themotorcyclecrashedintothefence摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。（2）A

lotofpassengerswerekilledinthetraincrash.许多旅客在火车车祸中丧生了。（3）Herbestfriendwasseriouslyhurtin_________________.她最好的朋友在一次车祸中受了重伤。2.sweepvt.&vi.(swept,swept)打扫；清扫sweepaway消灭;彻底消除sweepout打扫干净，清扫干净sweepthrough席卷;轻易通过sweepover环视四周;涌上心头sweepoff扫清;吹走（1）Asuddenfeelingofgrief(悲痛；忧伤)sweptallmyangeraway.一阵突如其来的悲伤使我的怒气全消。（2）Bertsweptthepathinfrontofthehouse.(翻译）_______________________________________________（3）Thisroomneedstobewellswept_________.这个房间需要好好清扫一番.3.strikevi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n.罢课，罢工，袭击(1)打，击Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁(2)敲，撞striketen(钟)敲十下strikeamatch划火柴(3)罢工strikefor为…而罢工be/goonstrike在/开始罢工/课(4)侵袭，袭击striketheenemy打击敌人(5)忽然想起Itstrikessb.that某人忽然想起strikeon偶然得到（1）_________________________playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.我突然意识到，对队里所有的女孩来说，与另一支球队比赛是一个伟大的学习时刻。4.deliverv递送，传达n.递送delivernewspapers送报纸deliverthegoods发货deliveraspeech作报告deliverababy接生deliversbfromdanger救某人脱险delivertosb’shouse送某人到家（1）Wedeliveryourordertoyourdoor.(翻译)___________________________________________________（2）I’llorderonetodayandgetit___________(deliver)toyoutomorrow.我今天订一个，明天给你送去。（3）Thestrikecausedagreatdelayinthe________(deliver)ofthemail.这次罢工严重地延误了邮件的投递。（4）ThekingdeliveredaspeechtothenationonNov5th.(翻译)___________________________________________________四、拓展单词___________vt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失→___________adj.被损坏的→___________adj.有破坏性的____________vt.摧毁；毁灭→_____________adj.可毁灭的→___________n．驱逐舰；破坏者→___________n．破坏；毁灭_____________n．死；死亡→_____________adj.失去生命的；呆板的→___________adj.垂死的→____________adj.致命的adv.极其；非常→_____________v．死；死亡_____________vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→____________adj.情感的→______________n．喜爱；爱情_____________n．避难所；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)→__________adj.受保护的；有遮蔽物的____________vt.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；令人震惊的事；震惊→__________adj.令人震惊的→_____________adj.感到震惊的_____________v．呼吸→___________adj.气喘吁吁的→______________n．呼吸_____________vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→_______________n．振兴；复苏_____________n．智慧；才智→_______________adj.聪明的；有智慧的____________vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→__________n．折磨；苦难→__________n．受害者；受难者；患者____________n．长度；长→____________v．加长→______________adj.长的____________n．能力；力量；电力供应；控制力→____________adj.强大的；有力的→_____________adj.无能为力的；无权的____________vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→____________n．幸存→____________n．幸存者______________vi.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→___________n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发_____________n．结果；效果；影响→___________adj.有效的；有影响的→___________adv.有效地；事实上_____________n.海浪；波浪v.挥手→___________adj.波浪形的_____________vi.&vt.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；→___________adj.引人注目的；显著的_____________vt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→___________n.递送，分娩_____________n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→___________adj.不费力的；应付自如的_____________n.突发事件；紧急情况→___________adj.紧急的；突现的_____________adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静→___________n.平静；镇静；冷静→___________adv.镇静地；沉着地五、短语固定搭配1．asif____________________2．inruins___________________3．inshock__________________4．setup___________________5．asusual_________________6．cometoanend_____________________7．thenumberof__________________8．digout_________________9．gothrough__________________10．onhand_________________11．sweepaway________________12．runtosafety_________________13．intheopenair________________14．putup_______________15．carryout______________16．indanger_____________17．firstofall______________18．asmanyas_____________六、单词填空1.Aftertheearthquake,manythingshavebeentransportedbycartothis____________(灾难)area.2.Outofsympathyforthehomelesschildren,hegavethem__________(避难处)forthenight.3.Ineedadetailedreportaboutthataccidentnotjusta__________(概要).4.Witnessesto__________（碰撞）saytheysawanexplosionjustbeforethedisaster.5.Iaskedsomeoneelsetorepairthetap.Ihadthe__________（水龙头）repaired.6.Shetookadeepbreathandsatupslowlywithgreat__________(努力)．7.Ihavedreamsofthisplaceandwonderwhatitwouldbeliketo__________(呼吸)thisair.8.Latestreportssaythatmudslides__________(埋)entirevillages.9.Don'tleavethelightson.Itwastes__________(电)．10.Hisbadhabits__________(毁灭)hischanceofhavingabrightfuture.11.Weadmiredhiscalmnessunder__________(press)12.Nobodycanentirelykeepawayfromthis__________(compete)world.13．He__________(trap)inthetrafficjamandfelthelpless.14.Itwasashockingstory,andweallgot__________.(shock)15.__________(bury)himselfinthenewspaper,hedidn'tnoticewhatwashappening.16.Yearsoffightinghaveleftthecityin__________(ruin);itwouldtakealotofmoneytorebuildit.17.Wehavetowaituntilthediscussionbetweenthemcomesto__________end.18.Withmoreforests__________(破坏),hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.19.Hegaveanexampleofbraveryand__________(智慧)．20.Hehas__________(提供)mewiththenecessaryinformation.21．Foreignaidworkerswillnotbeallowedintothe__________(受灾的)areas.22.Hetrappedmeinto__________(admit)Ihaddoneit.23.Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaneffect__________youmostdeeply.24.Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostcomingto__________end.25．Heavyfloods__________(横扫)awayhouses,roads,andtookawaythelivesofmany.26.What__________(strike)memostwastheirstrongdesireforknowledge.27.The__________(long)ofaparagraphdependsontheinformationitconveys.七、教材原句翻译。1．鸡甚至猪都惊恐不安，不愿进食，狗拒绝进入圈舍内。Chickensandevenpigswere—__________________________,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.2．仿佛到了世界末日！Itseemed_____________________________________________!3．昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲沿海地带的海啸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家6500多人死亡。Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,_________________________________inIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.4．当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。I______________________________withmythreechildren_________waterstartedfillingmyhome.5．然而，由于条件险恶和道路受阻，物资运送将非常困难。However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswill_________________________foodandsupplies.八、完成句子。1．昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡，造成了巨大的破坏。(现在分词短语作结果状语；damage)___________________________________________________________________2.许多房屋和道路被毁，使许多人受伤或无家可归。(非谓语动词作结果状语；destroy；injure)___________________________________________________________________3.更重要的是，死亡人数很多。(thenumberof;death)___________________________________________________________________4．似乎世界就要结束了！(itseemedasif;cometoanend)

_____________________________________________________________________5．幸运的是，士兵们来帮助寻找幸存者，挖出一些被困在废墟中的人，埋葬死者。(survivor;trap;inruins;bury)

_____________________________________________________________________6．政府为在困境中的人们提供淡水、食物和住所。(provide;shelter)___________________________________________________________________Today,naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,droughts,landslides,typhoons,hurricanes,tornadoesandtsunamis,oftenstriketownsandvillages,causinghumandeathsorgreatdamagetopeople’sproperty.Themostdangerousofthemisthevolcaniceruption.Anactivevolcanocaneruptatanytime.Itsgreatpowercanruincrops,destroyhousesandevenburyvillages.Whenatsunamicomes,thewavescancrashbuildingsandsweepawaycrops.Expertssaypeopleshouldremaincalminthefaceofanemergency.Expertsalsogiveasummaryoftheeffectofsomenaturaldisasters.Althoughtheyaffectpeople’slives,theeffectisnotasseriousaspeopleimagine.Agreatearthquakestruckthecityandeveryonewasshocked.Ninetypercentofthebuildingslayinruins,metalpipesandtapscracked,andbrickscoveredtheground.Therewereruinseverywhere.Manypeopleweretrappedathomeandsufferedagreatdeal.Therewasneitherelectricitynorwater.Itseemedasiftheworldwereatanend.Thegovernmentimmediatelyorganisedrescueteamstoevacuatepeopleandtakethetrappedsurvivorstosheltersintheopenair.Somedoctorsranoverwithfirstaidkitsonhand.Thehelicoptersdeliveredallkindsofsuppliesandtheambulanceswhistledby.ThePLAalsocametotheirrescue.Thankstotheirunifiedeffortsandwisdom,thecitybegantobreatheandrevive.答案：三、1.3acarcrash2.2伯特清扫了屋前的小路。2.3out3.1Itstruckmethat4.1我们送货上门。4.2delivered4.3delivery4.4国王在11月5日向全国发表了讲话。四、1.damage→damaged→damaging2.destroy→destroyable→destroyer→destruction3.death→dead→dying→deadly→die4.affect→affective→affection5.shelter→sheltered6.shock→shocking→shocked7.breathe→breathless→breath8.revi