Module2 Traffic Jam Period1 学案 高中英语外研版必修四

Module2TrafficJamPeriod1Introduction,ReadingandVocabularyPart1导学预习TeachingImportantPoints:Encouragethestudentstotalkaboutmeansoftransportation.Helpthestudentsmakesenseofthewholepassage.TeachingDifficultPoints:Leadthestudentstotalkinclassactively.TeachingMethods:Individualwork,pairwork.Step1词汇预习1.beconnected与……相连2.be/getin被困在……3.马上，一会儿4.展示，陈列5.adj郊区的6.n.执照，许可证/v.允许7.n/vt限制8.n.终点，目的地9.vt提供10.adj方便的11.n.往返票12.n.电线13.v.探索n.14.adj给人印象深刻的n.印象v.铭记，给人留下印象Step2ReadingTask1Scanthetextandfillintheblank.MeansoftransportationAdvantagesDisadvantagesSuggestionsTaxisTaxisareonthestreets____1______aday.Thepriceisdisplayedperkilometeronthe___2___.3Checkthecabhas_____4________.Askfora___5_____.BusesandtrolleybusesA(n)___6________waytogetaroundinBeijing.______7_______onadouble-deckerbus,onecanhaveagoodviewoftherapidlychangingcity.Thereis_____8_______dayandnight.Duringrushhours,thebusesandtrolleybusescangetvery___9___.Avoidpublictransportduring____10______.MinibusesNotsoexpensiveas__11___.Notsocrowdedas___12____insomeareas.Runregularservicesandfollow_13_____aslargepublicbuses.Onecanalwaysget___14____eveninrushhours.Onlyseatsfor15____.UndergroundFastand__16____.Openfrom___17______.Rushhourscanbe____18________.PedicabsWorthusingifonewantstoexplore_______19______ofoldBeijing.Theycanbeexpensive.Talktothedriver.Knowthe__20____beforethejourney.Task2:AnswerthequestionsonP..Task3:Choosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1.Touristsshouldn’tmissthe103busbecause.A.thefareischeap,startingat1yuanB.youalwaysgetaseateveninarushhourC.itisfastandconvenientD.itoffersoneofthemostimpressiveroutes2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbusesandtrolleybusesisNOTtrue?A.Thereare20,000busesandtrolleybusesinBeijing.B.Busesandtrolleybusescanbeverycrowded.C.Busesnumbered1to200arelimitedtotravelwithinthecitycentre.D.Ifyoutravelbyadouble-deckerbus,you’dbettersitupstairstohaveagoodviewoftherapidlychangingcity.3.Youshouldtakeaminibusifyou.A.travelwithin12morefriendsB.wanttotravelfasterC.thinkthattaxisaretooexpensiveandbusesaretoocrowdedD.wanttotraveldifferentroutesfromthelargepublicbuses4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheundergroundinthepassage?A.ThenumberofundergroundlinesinBeijing.B.Thepriceofaticket.C.ThetotallengthofundergroundlinesinBeijing.D.Thetimewhenitisopeneveryday.5.WhichofthestatementsaboutpedicabsisNOTtrue?A.Pedicabsarehumanpedaled“tricycletaxis”.B.Pedicabscanbeexpensive.C.Youshouldknowthepricebeforeyoubeginthejourney.D.Pedicabsareworthusingifyouareinahurrytogettosomeplaceintime.Task4TrytofillintheblanksandretellthepassageTaxisareonthestreets24hoursaday.Simplyraiseyourhand,andataxiappears1.Youshouldcheckthecabhasabusiness2,andmakesureyouaskfora3.Publictransport4acheapwaytogetaroundinBeijing.It’sagoodideatoavoidpublictransportduringthe5.Touristsshouldn’tmissthe103buswhichoffersoneofthemost6routes.TherearefourundergroundlinesinBeijing,andseverallinesare7construction.Trainsarefastand8,butrushhourscanbe9.Tricyclesare10usingifyouwanttoexplorethenarrowalleysofoldBeijing.【拓展阅读】HowtoSolvetheProblemofHeavyTrafficTheurbantrafficisgettingincreasinglycrowdednowadaysinChina.Theroadsarepackedwithcars,bicyclesandpedestriansandtrafficjams,busdelaysandtrafficaccidentsareacommonscene.

Thenhowtosolvethisproblem?Somesuggestlayingdownmoreroadstomakethetrafficlesscrowdedandspeeduptheflowoftraffic.Othersbelievethatweshouldopenupmorepublicbusroutes,sothatmorepeoplewilltakethepublicbusesinsteadoftravellingbycarsandbicycles.

Thoughtheabovetwoviewssoundreasonable,theyhavetheirowndrawbacks.Theformermaytakeupmuchlandwhichcouldbeusedforfarmsandhouses.Thelattermaycauseinconvenienceforthosewhoareusedtotravellingbycarorbicycle.Ithinkthebestanswertothetrafficproblemisacombinationofthetwo.Moreroadscanhebuildtoholdmoretrafficandmeanwhilemorepublicbusroutescanheopeneduptothosewhoprefertousethepublictransportation.IntroductionandreadingPart2自主学习1.难点突破翻译并分析句子成分1.Youshouldcheckthecabhasabusinesspermit,andmakesureyouaskforareceipt.2.Thereare20,000busesandtrolleybusesinBeijing,buttheycangetverycrowded.3.Minibuswithseatsfor12passengersofferanalternativetoexpensivetaxisandcrowdedpublictransportinsomeareas.4.Tricyclesareworthusingifyouwanttoexplorethenarrowalleys(hutong)ofoldBeijing.5.However，thereisalsoanightbusservice,providedbybuseswithanumberinthe200s.2.语言点学习1)Saywhichmeansoftransportyoucanusetogetaroundyourtown.(P11)getaround=getround(AmE)是传播，流传，四处走动。也可用getabout译一译：1.消息很快传开了。________________________________________-2.到处走动是一种时尚。__________________________________________2)Haveyoueverbeenstuckinatrafficjam?be/getstuckin=____________/____________________译一译：你应该早起，这样才不会赶上交通堵塞。_____________________________________________________________________________3)Simplyraiseyourhand,andataxiappearsinnotime.(P12)①句法分析:这是一个_______________+and+______________,此句式可改为含有if引导的条件句的复合句。类似句式：祈使句+or\otherwise+简单句，时态常用______________________;名词性短语+and\or+简单句Eg:Workhard,or\otherwiseyouwillfail.=Ifyoudon’tworkharder,youwillfail.Followtheadviceofthedoctor,andyou’llbewellsoon.Doasyouaretold,oryou’llbeintrouble.Another￡500,andIcouldbuyacar.Onemorestep,andthebabywillfallintothewell.译一译：1.快点儿，否则你上课要迟到了。___________________________________________________________________2.再一个小时，我就能完成这项工作。__________________________________________________________________仔细比较：___________________(give)moretime,I’llhavedoneitbetter.__________________(work)hard,you’llsucceedsoonerorlater.________________(work)hardandyou’llsucceedsoonerorlate.②innotime的意思是____________________;eg:Thekidswillbeleavinghereinnotime.我们还学过有关time的短语：及时_________________准时____________________有时____________________________同时___________________偶尔_________________一直__________________提前_____________________4)Theyareusuallyred,andtheydisplaythepriceperkilometeronthewindow.(P12)Display在句中是________________(词性)，是_________________意思。它也可以作名词，比如说，正在展览中，ondisplay/show/exhibition.5)PublictransportprovidesacheapwaytogetaroundinBeijing.(P12)provide的两个常用短语是providesth_____________sb/providesb_________sth,向某人提供某物我们还学过offer/supply的相关短语搭配：supplysb____________sth;supplysth_________sb;offer___________________________;offersth____________sb6)It’sagoodideatoavoidpublictransportduringtherushhour.(P12)这是一个以it作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是_________________________;avoid的搭配：避开某物____________________逃避做某事________________________【即时训练】You’dbetterfastenthebelttoavoid________________incaseofaccident.A.tohurtB.tobehurtC.hurtingD.beinghurt7)Faresarecheap,startingat1yuan.句法分析：本句中的startingat1yuan作______________________.fare（abusfare）车费；tip小费；fee（付给专业人员的）费用，入场费;tuition学费8)Air-conditionedbusescostmore.Air-conditioned是一个_____________词；它是由n+v.P.P.构成的；eg:man-made9)Busesnumbered1to100arelimitedtotravelwithinthecitycenter.句法分析：该句中的划线部分是_______________作_______________;number作动词用，是标号，给……编号的意思。【归纳拓展】：我们还学过不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表主动和进行；过去分词表被动或完成。试用hold完成下列句子。明天要开的会议很重要。Themeeting______________________tomorrowisofimportance.现在正在开的会重要。Themeeting______________________nowisofimportance.昨天开的会议很重要。Themeeting______________________yesterdayisofimportance.10）However,thereisalsoanightbusservice,providedbybuseswithanumberinthe200s.(P12)句法分析：该句中providedbybuses…是作成分，表示被动，相当于定语从句。Moreexamples:Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.ThereisnothingchangedsinceIleftthetowntwoyearsago.11）Theyrunregularservicesandfollowthesameroutesaslargepublicbuses.thesame…as与…一样…在这个句型中，same总与the连用，as为介词。如：Thisropeisthesamelengthasthatone.注意:在thesame+名词+as句型中，as也可以用作关系代词引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作宾语、表语。如：Heisnotthesamemanasheusedtobe.Thesearethesamebooksasyouwant.试一试：Iwanttobuythesamecoat_______________youarewearingtoday.A.asB.likeC.thatD.whatThisisthesamebook_________________Ilostyesterday.I’mhappytofinditagain.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what12)TherearefourundergroundlinesinBeijing,andseverallinesareunderconstruction.(P12)under+n表示处于某种状态之中（表达被动进行意义）e.gunderconsideration在考虑中underdiscussion在讨论中试译：这条路正在修补。正在考虑的的一个可能性是对机动车封闭车道。Oneofthepossibilitiesisclosingthestreettomotorvehicles.13)Trainsarefastandconvenient,butrushhourscanbeterrible.convenientadj方便的不能用人作主语，通常用it做形式主语eg.It’snotconvenientformetoringhimup.我现在不便于给他打电话。拓展：conveniencen.方便，便利，方便的事物试译：你什么时候方便就请来看我。14)Tricyclesareworthusingifyouwanttoexplorethenarrowalleys(hutong)ofoldBeijing.句法分析：beworthdoing意思是“值得的”；其中动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。beworth可表示“值…钱”；很值得做，用bewellworthdoing试一试：这本书值得一读。_______________________________________________我认为他们的建议很值得考虑。____________________________________________________这块表不值得那个价。_______________________________________________试比较：worthy的用法：beworthyofsth值得，配得上……（不接表示钱数的名词）beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone值得被做试一试：这位老师值得尊敬。Theteacher______________________________=________________________________.这部电影值得看。Thefilmiswellworthseeing.=Thefilmis_____________________________.=Thefilmis___________________________________________.Step3讨论与合作Step4精心训练1.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaughtandletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing2．HaveyoucheckedalltheCDstothemountainousareasnextweek?A.sentB.tobesentC.sendingD.beingsent3.Agreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioning4.MrsWhiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmapsfromthelibrary.A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing5.straightonandyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissit.A.GoB.GoingC.IfyougoD.Whengoing6.Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,andbetteronesofyourown.A.introducesB.tointroduceC.introducingD.introduced7.Woulditbeforyoutopickmeupatfouro’clockandtakemetotheairport?A.freeB.vacantC.handyD.convenientPeriod3Vocabulary;ListeningandSpeakingStep1Finishexercise1and2onpage15.Step2Listentothetapeandfinishexercise1,2,3and4.Step3Listentothetapeagainandfillintheblanks.Speaker1Onmywayhomeafewdaysago,I_______________________againinthetraffic.WhileIwaswaiting,I________________agroupoftaxidriversinfrontofme_____________________________________________theircars.Theyseemedtoknoweachother.Theyhadcoffeecupsandoneofthemcarriedathermosflaskand____________________________somehotwatertomaketea.Itwasquitefunny!Butevenaftertheteapartywasover,thetrafficwasstilljammedandwestillcouldn’tmove.Spearker2AfewweeksagoIhadtocatchaplanetoSichuanProvince.Theplane_____________________________at5:30pmsoI_____________________________at2:30pmtoallowplentyoftimetogettotheairport.Butitwasn’tenoughtime.At5:00pmIwasstillonlyatthethirdringroad.Itwasjustridiculous!__________________________________________________________________________Iwasgoingtocatchtheplane,soItoldthetaxidrivertoturnbackandgohome.Speaker3It’sonly7kilometersfrommyhometomyplaceofwork.Buteveryday,___________________almost________________therewillbeatrafficjamasIgetnearthewestfourthringroad.It’ssoannoying!Ittakes_______________________________15to20minutestogetthroughit.Ithinkthetrafficjamsareusuallycausedbypeopledisobeyingthetrafficrules.Togettothefrontoftheline,theyoftentakethebicyclelane.It’sthesamewithpedestriansandcyclists.Theydon’twaitforthegreenlighttopass.Speaker4Beijingtrafficseemstohavegotnoticeableworse_________________.Thecausesseemtoberoadworksasthecity______________________________________theOlympics,andahugeincreaseinnewcarownersandnewdrivers.___________________thecause,it’senoughto__________________________________________________________！_________________________________________limitthenumberofcars,buildmoreundergroundlinesorfollowShanghaiandbuildroadsinthesky?ThesedaysIonlygooutinmycaratnightafter9pm.ThatwayI_______________theworstofthetraffic.Speaker5GoingtotheSummerPalacetheothereveningtherewasabigtrafficjamatanarrowbridge.Onelaneineitherdirection.So________________therewerelotsofcarsovertakingonthewrongsideoftheroadwhichthencametoacompletestopwhenacarcameintheother__________________.Result:noone_________________________________________________________________for10minutes!Assoonasitclearedthesamethinghappenedagain.It’s____________________________!Step4EverydayEnglish.Step5WritingWriteasimilarpassageaboutyourowntown.Period4GrammarImperatives祈使句（ImperativeSentence）可以表达说话人的意愿、请求、叮嘱、号召、命令或建议，它的主语you（听话人）通常省略，谓语动词用原形，句子末尾用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。1.祈使句的肯定形式be型（系动词原形be＋表语＋其他）Becareful!Don‘tgotoohigh.Bequiet,everyone!2)do型（行为动词＋宾语＋其他）Comein,please!Pleaseopenyourbooks!3)let型（Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他）Letmehavealook.Letmehelpyou.2.祈使句的否定形式1)be型（Don't＋be＋表语）Don'tbelazy!Neverbelateagain.2)do型（Don't＋行为动词原形＋其他）Don'tthrowtheballlikethat.Don'tworry.I'llsoonbeallright.Neverdoitlikethat.Don’tanybodysayaword.3)let型有两种否定形式：1)Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他。Lethimnotgothere.Let'snotwastetime.2)Don't＋let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他。Don'tlethergothere.Don'tletthewaterrunintotheroom.4)No+v-ing/n.禁止做某事Noparking/smoking/admission!3.祈使句的类型1).不带主语的祈使句Becarefulnexttime!Comeandseemewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.2).带主语的祈使句；为了加强语气或指明同谁说话，可在动词前加上主语。加上主语时，由于是面对面说话并直呼其名，故不论第几人称，动词均用原形，不考虑主谓一致问题。Nobodymove！Marycomehere—everybodyelsestaywhereyouare.Youputonmoreclothes.It’scoldoutside.3).(条件)祈使句+and/or+简单句(结果)此句型为“条件与结果”并存的句式，其中的祈使句可转化为if条件句。1.Workhardandyouwillsucceed.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Workinghard,youwillsucceed.2.Hurryup,oryouwillmissthelastbus.Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillmissthelastbus.4).祈使句+附加信息；附加信息常表示发出祈使动作的原因Putonyourcoat,please—it’sverycoldoutside.TurndowntheTVset—thebabyisasleepintheroom.5).祈使句的附加疑问句Openthedoor,___willyou/won’tyou____?Don’tforget,willyou?Let’sgothereatonce,shallwe?Letusgothere,willyou?6).祈使句的强调形式为了表示强调或加强命令、劝告的语气，使句子更具有说服力，常在其谓语动词前加上do。Doputthedirectobjectaftertheverb.Dotellmewheretobuytheticketsfortheconcert.Dobecarefulnexttime!祈使句历届高考大观:1.—Sorry,Joe.Ididn’tmeanto…—Don’tcallme“Joe”.IamMr.Parkertoyou,and_____youforgetit!A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t答案选D。经调查，本题失误者甚多，除了时态上的原因之外，还有语序上的原因。在否定结构中，you应放在don’t之后，来表达对方对自己称呼错误的不满，意为，“你可不要忘了！”。2.—Haveanothercupofcoffee,OK?—___________.A.WithmypleasureB.YouarewelcomeC.IcanmanageitD.That’sverykindofyou3.—Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,______?—ButIfedityesterday. A.doyou B.willyouC.didn’tyou D.don’tyou4).—Writetomewhenyougethome.—_________.A.Yes,ImustB.Yes,IshouldC.Yes,IwillD.Yes,Ican5)._______someofthisjuice—perhapsyou’lllikeit.A.Trying B.TryC.Totry D.Havetry6).______straightonandyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissit.A.Go B.GoingC.Ifyougo D.Whengoing7).ThereareeighttipsinDr.Roger’slectureonsleep,andoneofthemis:____tobedearlyunlessyouthinkitisnecessary.A.doesn’tgoB.nottogoC.notgoing D.don’tgo8).Goandjoinintheparty.______ittometodothewashing–up.A.Get B.RemainC.Leave D.Send9).Tom,______yourself.Didyouforgettheschoolrules?A.behave B.believeC.perform D.conduct10.—Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit?—Yes._______morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.A.Know B.KnowingC.Toknow D.Known11).Standoverthere_______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.whileC.butD.and12).—I’veneverseenanyonerunsofast.—______Davidgo. A.JustwatchB.JusttowatchC.JustwatchingD.Justhavingwatched13).—Don'tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.—________.A.Yes,Iwon’tB.No,Iwon’tC.No,Iwill D.Yes,Iwill14).Besuretowritetous,________? A.willyou B.aren’tyouC.canyou D.mustn’tyou15).Onemoreweek,______wewillaccomplishthetask. A.or B.sothatC.and D.if16)._____bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved. A.Giving B.GiveC.Given D.Togive17).______thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit. A.LookthroughB.LookonC.Lookinto D.Lookup18).________itwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando. A.Whenleft B.LeavingC.Ifyouleave D.Leave19).________downtheradio—thebaby'sasleepinthenextroom. A.Turning B.TurnC.Turned D.Toturn20).Ifyouwanthelp—moneyoranything,letmeknow,_____you?A.don’tB.willC.shallD.do21)—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why_____?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.A.himB.heC.ID.mePeriod5CulturalcornerStep1Beforereading,supposeyouarethemayorofLondon,whatmeasureswillyoutaketosolvethetrafficproblemscausedbytoomuchtraffic?Step2Readthetextquicklyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatisacongestioncharge?A.Ataxforcarsenteringthecenterofthecity.B.Ataxfortaxionly.C.Afineforthosewhodon’tobeythetrafficrules.D.Ataxwhichisveryexpensive.2DoesthecongestionchargeworkinLondon?A.NoBYesCIt’shardtosayformostLondonersarenothappywithit?3.Whichwordcanreplacetheword“as”inparagraph3?AwhereBbecauseCwhenDsince4Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlywanttotellus?A.Beijinghasthemostserioustrafficproblems.B.Trafficjamsactuallyexistanywhereintheworld.C.Therearefewertrafficproblemsindevelopingcountries.D.Developedcountriesarebetteratdealingwithtrafficproblemsthandevelopingcountries.5.WhatisthemainreasonwhytrafficincentralLondonwassocongested?A.LondonisthecapitalcityofGreatBritain.B.Thecarindustryhaddevelopedtoofast.C.Moreandmorepeopleworkedfarfromwheretheylived.D.WhenLondonwasplannedandbuilt,carswerenottakenintoconsideration.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthe“congestioncharge”isNOTtrue?A.TomostLondoners,thecongestionchargeisexpensiveandlimitstheirfreedom.B.CentralLondonshopslostbusinessbecausetherewerefewercars.C.Thefactsprovedthatthecongestionchargeworkedverywell.D.Publictransportandbicyclesbecamepopularbecauseofthecongestioncharge.Step3Readthetextagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Canyougetstuckinatrafficjamanywhere?