完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查它既考查学生的课件

完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查。

它既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生词汇应用以及分析问题,解决问题的能力。做完形填空时应通篇考虑,掌握大意，综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行判断推理.做完型填空时要掌握相应的一些技巧：1.仔细审题，明确大意.2.注意一些搭配和用法3.“瞻前顾后，顾后瞻前”。4.考生要根据生活常识和相关知识确定选项。5.全文复读，融会贯通。完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查。1.仔细1完形填空时注意四步(骤)

第二步速读全文，掌握大意。

速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。第一步:仔细审题，明确大意.重视首句，把握开篇。

完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，做完型填空的时候在没看选项之前首先要通读全文细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨(mainidea)。完形填空时注意四步(骤)第二步速读全文，掌握大意。第一步2第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。

“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句,兼顾下句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。

答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。

2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。3第四步复核全文，调整答案。

把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点：1.上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词单复数的一致。2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。第四步复核全文，调整答案。4MethodsOfDoingClozeTestMethodsOfDoingClozeTest5一.skipping(跳读):Readthroughthewholepassagewithoutstoptogetthegeneralideaandmakeitclearhowthewriterarrangesthepassage.ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.Generalidea:一.skipping(跳读):Readthrought6ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,65cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren,”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.68Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)69dayoffwork.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbe7Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers70togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths’paidleave,withawarming:useitor71it.

Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder72tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“It’snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butit’sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan73arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)74policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.Expertsfearthatthetendency8二.Payparticularattentiontothefirstsentenceofthepassagewhilereadingthepassage.Usually,thefirstsentenceisthetopicsentenceofthewholepassage,whichcontainsmuchimportantinformationlike“when,where,why,who,what,etc.”二.Payparticularattentionto9ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,65cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren,”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.68Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)69dayoffwork.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbe10When:Where:What:Why:How:sincethe1960s;inthe21thcentury

inEuropethebirthratedecreasesprovidinggreatencouragementforcreatingmorebabiescrisisisathandTopicsentence:ThebirthratehasdecreasedandEuropeancountriesareprovidingencouragementtocreatemorebabies.When:sincethe1960s;inthe211三.Itrequiresassociation(联想)whilerereadingthepassage.You’dbetterfancy(设想)whatcontentshouldbeintheblank,accordingtothecontext(上下文）,thelogicandthesituation.Thencheckoradjust(调整)theansweraccordingtotheoptions(选项).根据上下文的逻辑关系，做完型填空题需要联想，随时设想所遇到空白中应该出现的内容，而后再以该题选项来验证自己的推测，作出调整或修正。在解题过程中，要做到瞻前顾后、左右平衡、贯通全篇。三.Itrequiresassociation(联想12Forexample（NMET95）:Washoe56likeahuman,too.Thescientistskeepherinafullyfurnished（家具齐全的）house.

56.A.liveB.acts C.thinksD.plays

下文谈到的是Washoe的生活环境和生活习惯，所以该句的意思应该是“Washoe生活得也象人类”.

四.Rereadthewholepassageandchecktheanswers.Forexample（NMET95）:下文谈到的是Wash13Somemethodsincommonuse完型填空的一些通用性的解题方法

一.non-nexuseliminationmethods(无关词排除法）:Theclozetestusuallyhasaveryclearanddefinitefocus(中心主线)，therightoption(选项)iscertaintobeclosetothetheme(主题).Sothosenon-nexusoptionscouldbeeliminated（排除）easily.Somemethodsincommonuse一.no14Forexample:AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,inspiteof65cashencouragement(奖励),somewomenjustdon’twanttobeleft66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren.”67.A.birthrate B.incomeC.health D.spirit A.birthrate出生率 B.income收入 C.health健康 D.spirit精神，灵魂

Forexample:67.A.birthrate 15二.Word-presentingsimultaneity(同现法）：Word-presentingsimultaneityisameansoflinkingup.

Thewriteralwaysusessomekeyswords/phraseswhichareofthesameorientation(具有相同倾向性的词语)toconnectthewholepassage.

ofthesameorientation二.Word-presentingsimultanei16Example:“Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.41Neitherkindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis42toservesomerestorative（有助于复元的）functionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore43.“43.A.subtle（狡猾的，敏感的）B.obviousC.mysteriousD.doubtfulNeitherwell-understoodExample:Neitherwell-understood17Hewasasmallman,

43,anddressedinacleanbutold44suitofclothes….Iwashappywithhiswork,butnothappywiththe51wayheworked.Hewastoo

quiet.Butheworkedwell:likea55machine,neverlookingorspeaking.43.A.silent B.quiet C.excited D.nervous

Tautology,namely,repetition,isthatsomekeywordsorexpressionsofthesamemeaningappearindifferentplacestorun-throughthewholepassage.Tautologyisanotherlinkingway.Forexample:三.tautologymethod(复现法）:quiet55machineneverspeaking.Hewasasmallman,43,18四.Relevancymethod(关联法）：Sometimes,twoormorewordsorexpressionsofthesamesortappearasparallelstructure

(并列结构）atthesametime.Generally,oneoftheparallelissetknown,buttheotheroneisunknown.

四.Relevancymethod(关联法）：Somet19Example:Heworkedthroughthedayby48andintothe49bycandlelight.Iwas50withhiswork,butnothappywiththe51heworked.Hadhebeenhappyand53,Iwouldhavelikedhimmuchbetter.48.A.night B.sunlight C.light D.day49.A.evening B.daylight C.night D.dawn50.A.happy B.careful C.patient D.satisfy51.A.manner B.means C.way D.method53.A.quiet B.humorous C.cheerful D.talkativehappywithhappyand53washappywithExample:48.A.night B.sunli20五.Timeclue(时间线索）：Example2:Thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,30bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuit(集成电路)duringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess”30.A.brought B.followedC.excited D.characterizedtheintroductionofthecomputer时间：early20thcenturytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuit时间：1960s(20世纪中后期）早出现晚出现followedby五.Timeclue(时间线索）：Example2:t21Whiledoingclozetest,fromwhichanglesdowechoosetheansweramongtheoptions?Thenhesuddenlyfeltnervous.Afterall,itwashisfirsttimeto47apartinaplay（NMET91）

47.A.made B.join C.have D.give1.Fromtheangleofthehabitualuseorcollocation从惯用法、搭配角度考虑。haveapartWhiledoingclozetest,fromw22

Takingoffhisclothes,hejumpedintotheriver.The52watermadehimtrembleallover.(NMET91)

52.A.deep B.cool C.dirty D.cold

2.Fromtheangleoflogicalreasoningandcommonknowledge从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑。3.Fromtheangleofcontext从上下文的角度考虑.trembleAffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,

1cashencouragement(奖励),somewomenjustdon’twanttobeleftholdingthebaby.1.A.Inspiteof B.atthecostofC.inadditionto D.duetodon’twant

Takingoffhisclothes,heju23

Shenoticedhownervoushewasandsuggested.heshouldstandnearthestagewherehecouldwatchandfollowtheplay.Itwasagood58ofgettingridofhisnervousness.Shesaid,shewasright,itseemedto59.(NMET91)

58.A.idea B.way C.path D.plan

59.A.do B.win C.work D.act

4.Fromthemeaningandtheusageoftheword从词汇的意义及用法去考虑。

Shenoticedhownervoushewa24Summingup(小结)Skippingtogetthegeneralidea.Findingoutthetopsentencetogetsomekeyinformation,suchas“when,where,why,what,who,etc.”Rereadingandchoosingtheanswersforeachblank,whileusingassociation.Third-readingandcheckingtheanswers.Summingup(小结)Skippingtoget25一.non-nexuseliminationmethods(无关词排除法）二.

Word-presentingsimultaneity(同现法）三.tautologymethod(复现法）四.Relevancymethod(关联法）五.Timeclue(时间线索）MethodsincommonuseChoosetheanswersfromthefollowingangles:1.Fromthehabitualuseorcollocation2.Fromlogicalreasoningandcommonknowledge3.Fromcontext4.Fromthemeaningandtheusageoftheword一.non-nexuseliminationmetho26

完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查。

它既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生词汇应用以及分析问题,解决问题的能力。做完形填空时应通篇考虑,掌握大意，综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行判断推理.做完型填空时要掌握相应的一些技巧：1.仔细审题，明确大意.2.注意一些搭配和用法3.“瞻前顾后，顾后瞻前”。4.考生要根据生活常识和相关知识确定选项。5.全文复读，融会贯通。完形填空是对学生语言综合运用能力的考查。1.仔细27完形填空时注意四步(骤)

第二步速读全文，掌握大意。

速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。第一步:仔细审题，明确大意.重视首句，把握开篇。

完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，做完型填空的时候在没看选项之前首先要通读全文细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨(mainidea)。完形填空时注意四步(骤)第二步速读全文，掌握大意。第一步28第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。

“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句,兼顾下句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。

答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。

2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。29第四步复核全文，调整答案。

把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点：1.上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词单复数的一致。2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。第四步复核全文，调整答案。30MethodsOfDoingClozeTestMethodsOfDoingClozeTest31一.skipping(跳读):Readthroughthewholepassagewithoutstoptogetthegeneralideaandmakeitclearhowthewriterarrangesthepassage.ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.Generalidea:一.skipping(跳读):Readthrought32ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,65cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren,”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.68Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)69dayoffwork.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbe33Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers70togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths’paidleave,withawarming:useitor71it.

Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder72tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“It’snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butit’sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan73arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)74policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.Expertsfearthatthetendency34二.Payparticularattentiontothefirstsentenceofthepassagewhilereadingthepassage.Usually,thefirstsentenceisthetopicsentenceofthewholepassage,whichcontainsmuchimportantinformationlike“when,where,why,who,what,etc.”二.Payparticularattentionto35ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,65cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren,”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.68Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)69dayoffwork.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbe36When:Where:What:Why:How:sincethe1960s;inthe21thcentury

inEuropethebirthratedecreasesprovidinggreatencouragementforcreatingmorebabiescrisisisathandTopicsentence:ThebirthratehasdecreasedandEuropeancountriesareprovidingencouragementtocreatemorebabies.When:sincethe1960s;inthe237三.Itrequiresassociation(联想)whilerereadingthepassage.You’dbetterfancy(设想)whatcontentshouldbeintheblank,accordingtothecontext(上下文）,thelogicandthesituation.Thencheckoradjust(调整)theansweraccordingtotheoptions(选项).根据上下文的逻辑关系，做完型填空题需要联想，随时设想所遇到空白中应该出现的内容，而后再以该题选项来验证自己的推测，作出调整或修正。在解题过程中，要做到瞻前顾后、左右平衡、贯通全篇。三.Itrequiresassociation(联想38Forexample（NMET95）:Washoe56likeahuman,too.Thescientistskeepherinafullyfurnished（家具齐全的）house.

56.A.liveB.acts C.thinksD.plays

下文谈到的是Washoe的生活环境和生活习惯，所以该句的意思应该是“Washoe生活得也象人类”.

四.Rereadthewholepassageandchecktheanswers.Forexample（NMET95）:下文谈到的是Wash39Somemethodsincommonuse完型填空的一些通用性的解题方法

一.non-nexuseliminationmethods(无关词排除法）:Theclozetestusuallyhasaveryclearanddefinitefocus(中心主线)，therightoption(选项)iscertaintobeclosetothetheme(主题).Sothosenon-nexusoptionscouldbeeliminated（排除）easily.Somemethodsincommonuse一.no40Forexample:AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,inspiteof65cashencouragement(奖励),somewomenjustdon’twanttobeleft66holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe67ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren.”67.A.birthrate B.incomeC.health D.spirit A.birthrate出生率 B.income收入 C.health健康 D.spirit精神，灵魂

Forexample:67.A.birthrate 41二.Word-presentingsimultaneity(同现法）：Word-presentingsimultaneityisameansoflinkingup.

Thewriteralwaysusessomekeyswords/phraseswhichareofthesameorientation(具有相同倾向性的词语)toconnectthewholepassage.

ofthesameorientation二.Word-presentingsimultanei42Example:“Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.41Neitherkindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis42toservesomerestorative（有助于复元的）functionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore43.“43.A.subtle（狡猾的，敏感的）B.obviousC.mysteriousD.doubtfulNeitherwell-understoodExample:Neitherwell-understood43Hewasasmallman,

43,anddressedinacleanbutold44suitofclothes….Iwashappywithhiswork,butnothappywiththe51wayheworked.Hewastoo

quiet.Butheworkedwell:likea55machine,neverlookingorspeaking.43.A.silent B.quiet C.excited D.nervous

Tautology,namely,repetition,isthatsomekeywordsorexpressionsofthesamemeaningappearindifferentplacestorun-throughthewholepassage.Tautologyisanotherlinkingway.Forexample:三.tautologymethod(复现法）:quiet55machineneverspeaking.Hewasasmallman,43,44四.Relevancymethod(关联法）：Sometimes,twoormorewordsorexpressionsofthesamesortappearasparallelstructure

(并列结构）atthesametime.Generally,oneoftheparallelissetknown,buttheotheroneisunknown.

四.Relevancymethod(关联法）：Somet45Example:Heworkedthroughthedayby48andintothe49bycandlelight.Iwas50withhiswork,butnothappywiththe51heworked.Hadhebeenhappyand53,Iwouldhavelikedhimmuchbetter.48.A.night B.sunlight C.light D.day49.A.evening B.daylight C.night D.dawn50.A.happy B.careful C.patient D.satisfy51.A.manner B.means C.way D.method53.A.quiet B.humorous C.cheerful D.talkativehappywithhappyand53washappywithExample:48.A.night B.sunli46五.Timeclue(时间线索）：Example2:Thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,30bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuit(集成电路)duringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess”30.A.brought B.followedC.excited D.characterizedtheintroductionofthecomputer时间：early20thce