名词性从句课件 高三英语一轮复习语法

名词性从句[合作探究]

指出下列引导词在句中引导的从句种类。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________[合作探究]

指出下列引导词在句中引导的从句种类。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________宾语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句主语从句[自主发现1](1)以上各句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于____________作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。(2)名词性从句在句中可作____________的宾语(句①)，动词的____________(句③)。(3)名词性从句在句中可作____________(句②)，且可用it作____________主语，真正的主语从句置于句末(句⑤)。(4)名词性从句在句中可作____________(句④)。名词介词宾语主语形式表语一、主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的用法和特点1．主语从句Whetherthesportsmeetwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。

Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。Whereweshallhavethemeetingmakesnodifference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。Thatshewilldowellinherexamiscertain.＝Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。[合作探究][自主发现2]主语从句是指在句中____________的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语____________，把真正的主语从句放于后面。作主语it2．宾语从句Everyoneknowsthattheearthismadeupofmatter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。Isthereanythingwrongin/withwhatIsaid？我所说的有错误之处吗？Thesetwoareasaresimilarinthattheybothhavehighrainfallinsummer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。I’mnotcertainwhetherthetrainwillarriveontime.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。[合作探究]

[自主发现3](1)作____________的宾语。(2)作____________的宾语。如：besidesthat...“除……之外”；exceptthat...“除了……”；inthat...“在于……；因为……”。(3)动态____________后。形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure(确信的)，certain(肯定的)，afraid(担心的)，confident(有把握的)等。及物动词介词形容词3．表语从句Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkintime.问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。Youlookasifyousleptbadly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。

Thefactremainsthatwearestillnotadvancedenough.事实依然是我们不够先进。[合作探究]

[自主发现4](1)表语从句在复合句中作____________，出现在连系动词之____________，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。(2)可接表语从句的____________有be,look,remain,seem,sound等。表语后连系动词[名师点津](1)表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。Thefactisthathedidn’tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.事实是他注意到汽车时已经太晚了。(2)主句的主语是名词idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)haveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofsettingitaside.我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。二、it作形式主语的主语从句主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型：1．It＋不及物动词或短语动词的适当形式＋从句Itseemsthat...好像是……Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Ithasturnedoutthat...结果……ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.

好像他以前去过北京。2．It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...人们认为……Itishopedthat...大家希望……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证明……Itissaidthathehasreadthenovel.据说他读过这本小说。3．It＋be＋形容词＋从句Itisnecessarythat...有必要……Itisclearthat...很清楚……Itis(un)likelythat...很(不太)可能……Itisimportantthat...重要的是……Itisnecessarythatpeopleshouldlearntofacethereality.人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。4．It＋be＋名词＋that从句适用该句型的名词(词组)有：apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews,one’sduty等。Itisapitythatyoumissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.很遗憾你错过了上周的运动会。在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词的宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句常用的引导词：(1)从属连词：that,whether,if(连接作用，不作成分)；(2)连接代词：who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whom(ever)(作主语，宾语，表语，定语等名词性成分)(3)连接副词：how(ever),where(ever),when(ever),why(作状语)。语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。[巩固内化1]单句语法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。[巩固内化1]单句语法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。HowThatwhoevermakesthemostbeautifulkiteWhathehadsaid[巩固内化2]单句语法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。[巩固内化2]单句语法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。whatwhetherwherewhereIcanplacemyluggagewhetherweshouldusethemoney[巩固内化3]单句语法填空①Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis____________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.②Fromspace,theearthlooksb