阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧 学案- 高三英语二轮复习

英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧逻辑关系猜词义1.同义或近义关系(1).Mr.Greenlovestotalk,andhisbrothersaresimilarlyloquacious.__________(2).Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodouble.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.A.Theattackersgetattacked.B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D.TheperfumesattractnaturalTips:利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知生词的意思。常见信号词____________________________________________________________________________________________________等2.反义关系(1).AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.____(2).Itriedhardnottomakeseriousmistakes,butIslippedup.__________Tips:利用表对比或转折的信号词，然后根据反义词线索猜测词义。常见信号词/词组有：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________3.因果关系OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.A.Apracticalidea.B.AvainhopeC.Abrilliantplan.D.AselfishdesireTips:利用因果关系猜词义，常见的词或短语：_____________________________________________________________解释说明法1.下定义：is,mean,referto,namely等后的内容是对前面解释说明或由thatis(tosay),inotherwords，toputitanotherway引出一些具体的解释性的短语解释生词2.定语从句：定语从句修饰和限定了先行词的内容和范畴3.同位语：同位语是对其前的内容进行解释说明(1).Pantomimereferstoashortplayinwhichnowordsarespoken.__________(2).Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks._________(3).Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently._______4.举例…allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandCplex.B.advanced.C.powerful.D.modernTips:关注_________________________________________________________________可以通过所举事例推知前面内容!标点符号冒号、破折号和括号等标点符号，可表示解释说明(1).Youmayborrowfromthelibraryanyperiodicals:NewsWeekly,Reader’sDigest,TheNewYorkers.________.Weareonthenightshift——frommidnightto7a.m.__________构词法1.合成法ill-treat_________(2)single-handed__________(3)new-born__________(4)color-blind_________(5).Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI’mjustnotcreative.”A.mistakeB.drawbackC.difficultyD.burden派生法常见的前缀有：in/im-:incorrectimpossiblemini-

:miniskirt,minibusre-

:rewrite,reuse,reconsiderdis-:disagree,dislike,disappear,mis-:misunderstand,misleadfore-:foretell,forecastover-:overwork,overcoat,overuseant/anti-:antibiotics,anti-Japanesemal-:maltreat,malnutritionab-:abnormal,abusesub-subconscious,subtitle后缀有：

-erteacher,worker,container-orvisitor,sailor,instructor-tioneducation,satisfaction-mentdevelopment,movement-ionaction,solution,conclusion-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful，careful-ablecomfortable,acceptable转化法（考点熟词生意）(1).Don’tletyourpersonalfeelingscloudyourjudgment.__________.Hewolfeddownthreebowlsofrice.__________随堂练习1.Mysisterwasalwayscomingupwith“goodideas”,mostofwhichdidn'tworkouttoplan.Butthatdidn'tdeterher.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”mean?A.embarrassB.shockC.discourageD.mislead2.Whenpeoplefromdifferentculturesgettoknoweachotherwell,thedifferencesbetweenthembecomelessimportantbecausetheyrecognizemoreandmorethingstheyhaveincommon.Peoplebegintoseeeachotherasindividual,ratherthanjustasarepresentativeofaparticularculture.Thiscanhappenquicklywhenpeopleareworkingorstudyingtogether.（话题晨读unit3）Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?A.anewcomerconsideredasanoutsider.B.aclosefriendwhosharesthesamevaluesC.asinglepersonconsideredseparatelyfromacultureD.astrangerwhohasbecomeusedtoanewculture.3.DuetothefardistanceandsteepareasbetweentheEastandtheWest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewupintheirownwayswithalmostnointerferencefromtheotherculture.whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword?differenceB.influenceC.confidenceD.environment4.JazzprosperedinthemixofAmericaculturesaroundtheAvenueinthe1930sand1940s.Butinthe1950s,thingschanged.Afterthewar,therewereprojectstomakethecitybeautifulandauniversitywasbuiltnearby.Bothofthoseseemedlikegoodchanges.However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity--andwithit,itsjazzculture.(单元测评卷三)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?disappearedquicklyB.arrivedsoonC.recoveredsoonD.developedwell5.TherepairofParis'LouvreMuseumprovedtobePei'smostcontroversialwork,startingwiththefactthathewasnotFrench.Hecreatedamodern70-foot-tallsteel-framed,glass-walledpyramidasagrandentranceforthemuseumwiththreesmallerpyramidsnearby.ItwasastrikingcontrasttotheexistingstructuresinclassicFrenchstyleandwasreviledbymanyFrench.(周测二)whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword?A.criticizedB.appreciatedC.rememberedD.ignored6.Thefurtradekeptnutria(海狸鼠)incheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.(2020全国2卷)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.boomedB.becamematureC.remainedstableD.crashed7.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty；theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.(18年全国卷2)Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.AdessertB.AdrinkC.AcontainerD.Amachine7.Thenoisewassofaintthatitwasimpossibletobesurewhatitwasorwhereitcamefrom.A.weakB.clear