2023年北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试PartⅠReadingComprehension(30%)

Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedsomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet。Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Isthat6a.m.workoutgettinginthewayofgoodsleep?Don’tthinkyourfatcellswon’tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine(amedicaljournal)findsthatinadequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcells,reducingtheirabilitytorespondtoinsulin(胰岛素)byabout30percent.Overthelong-term,thisdecreasedresponsecouldsetthestagefortype-2diabetes(amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood),fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere’s“anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood,healthybodyweight,”sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellem,directoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevyChase,Maryland.（76）ButAmericansdon’tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseventoninehourspernight.Morethan1in5ofus,accordingtoareportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,isgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight,onaverage.SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung,thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsinasleeplab.“Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight,”saysBrady.Then,amonthlater,theycamebackforfouradditionalnights——butthistimetheywereallowedjust4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit,researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.（77）Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep.“Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.“Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend,”hesays.“They’retheretostorelipids(血脂).”Whenlipidsstayinsidethecells,yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou’reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday.“However,whenfatcellsstarttobecomeinsulinresistant,thelipidsstarttoleachoutofthefatcellsandriseinthebloodstream,”Bradysays.1.Accordingtothepassage,lackofsleepforalongwhilecanprobablyleadtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT_____.A.heartdiseaseB.weightgainC.diabetesD.liverdisease2.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis_____A.howtowriteamedicalresearchpaperB.howtoavoidsleeplossC.howtheresearchwasconductedD.howtoconductamedicalexperiment3.Whatdoesthe“leach”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Leap.B.Lead.C.Lean.D.Leak.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Wewillbeintroubleifourfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.B.Moreandmorestudiesaredonetostudythelindbetweensleepandweight.C.Morethan20%ofAmericansarenotgettingenoughsleep.D.Fatcellsaretheretohelpusmaintainagoodhealth.5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.PoorSleepMayLeadtoTooMuchStoredFatandDiseaseB.SleepExpertsHadExcitingFindingsinaFatStudyC.AmericansShouldHaveMoreThanSixHoursofSleepD.BadThingsHappenifFatCellsBecomeOurFriendPassage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30°Fandthesunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic(北极)ishome.（78）Polarbearshavethickfur,bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwellpreparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact,theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival.Butclimatechangeiscausinglargerareasofsummerseaicetomelt(融化).Expertssaythatifwarmingpatternscontinue,theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Thatmaycausetwo-thirdsoftheworld's20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.Polarbearscan'tsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplacewherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.（79）Althoughthesebearsarestrongswimmers,theyarenomatchforlightningswiftsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlycleverstrategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebearwaitsmotionlessbesideaseal'sbreathinghole,whichisanarrowtunnelthroughtheice.Oftenmanyhourspassbeforethesealcomesupforairandthebearkillsitwithapowerfulblowofitspaw.Insummer,thepolarbearsthatliveonlandeatverylittleandwaitfortheseaicetoreturn.Withtheseaiceforminglaterintheyearandmeltingearlier,polarbearsdonothaveenoughopportunitytohuntandeat.Lessseaicemakesitharderforthebearstocatchtheseals.Thebearsmustswimlongerdistancesbetweenicepacks(大片浮冰),andtheycan'talwaysmakeit.Theiceisalsogettingthinner.Theseconditionscancausepolar-bearcubstobecomeseparatedfromtheirmothers,whoprovidethemwithfood.StevenAmstrupisthechiefscientistofPolarBearsInternational.Thegroupaimstosavethebearsandtheirhome."Themorepeoplewhoseepolarbearsandunderstandtheirdifficultsituation,thebetterthechancewe'llalterourwarmingpathintimetosavethem,"hesays.6.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClimateChangeintheArcticB.HowtoProtecttheEnvironmentC.TheArcticIsHometoPolarBearsD.PolarBearsinDanger7.Wheredopolarbearsusuallyhuntseals?A.OnlandB.Inopenwater.C.Inopeningsintheseaice.D.Atthebottomofthesea.8.Theword"cubs"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____A.adultsB.babiesC.huntersD.enemies9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Starvingpolarbearsareincreasinglycomingintovillages,wheretheymaybekilledeitherforfoodorsafety.B.Polarbearscanspendtheirentirelivesonlandiftheseaicemeltscompletely.C.Two-thirdsoftheworld'spolarbearsmaydisappearby2050asglobalwarmingcontinues.D.Thegrowingdistancebetweenicepacksisnotaproblemforpolarbears,becausetheyareexcellentswimmers.10.What'sthemissionofPolarBearsInternational?A.Savingenergy.B.Conductingscientificresearch.C.Seekinginternationalcooperation.D.Savingpolarbearsandtheirhome.Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate(有读写能力旳)withoutanyformalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach,whichwouldleavetheirchildrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophyoncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseenassomehowdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis(耳濡目染)inanyschool,butasateacherandprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhentheyacquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue(美德).Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed(使融入)itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocoveramistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmovies.（80）It’salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempttostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenastudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,"thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!"wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:"Whenyou'rewalkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?"11.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.D.RoleplaysareanexcellentwayofgettingstudentstopracticetheirEnglish.12.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat_.A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationisB.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschoolsC.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerallyconsidereddifferentfromtheapproachestootherskillsD.moreandmoreschoolsareadoptingstrategiestoimproveschoolattendance13.Theword"philosophy"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_A.studyB.subjectC.viewpointD.investigation14.Theauthorisa_____A.teacherB.librarianC.reporterD.manage15.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawaytobuildcharacterinchildren?A.Storyreadingsanddiscussions.B.Osmosis.C.Takingeveryopportunitytoteachcharacter.D.Roleplay.PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(30%)

Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。

PartⅢ

Identification(10%)

Directions:EachofthefollowingsentencehasfourunderlinepartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.46.Heissuchstrongamanthathecanlifttenstoneslikethisone.ABCD47.Itwasuntilafterhisdeaththathewasrecognizedasagreatcomposer.ABCD48.Gettothetopofthehill,butyouwillseethewholecity.ABCD49.Isthatthereasonbecauseyouareinfavoroftheproposal?ABCD50.TherewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatIcouldhardlyhearmyselftothink.ABCD51.WhenDaddywillcomeback,IamgoingtotellhimeverythingaboutyourpoorABCperformanceatschool.D52.Somepeopleliketoeatapples,butotherspreferbananasforapples.ABCD53.Mosttreefrogschangecolorsfromtimetotimetofitinwithitsenvironment.ABCD54.Asaslowstudent,Janehasn’tfinishedhertestintime,isshe?ABCD55.Thereareonlytwothingsworthtoreadinthisnewspaper—theTVABClistingsandthesportspage.DPartⅣCLOZE(10%)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet.Lifeasawomaninthecolonial(殖民旳)Americaseemsquitedifferentfromitistoday.Womenwereconsideredinferiortomen,afact56intradition,law,andreligion.Theirplacewasinthehome,57theywaretoserveasdevotedwivesandmother.Theywerethereforeconsideredunfittooperate58politicalbeingandunableto59thebenefitsofcitizenshipgiventomen.Veryfewwomen60acollegeeducation,securedawell-paidjob,orpursuedafruitfulcareer.Otherthanmarryingwell,theycoulddo6162theirsecondarystatus,women63playacentralroleindeveloping,civilizing,andadvancingthenationlongbeforetheUnitedStatesgaineditsindependence64GreatBritain.Duringthecolonialperiod,theymadegreatcontributionstofamilyandcommunity.Theyworkedalongsidetheirhusbands65familysurvivaldemandedthatchores(杂事)besharedbyall.Womenhelpedtosow,plant,andharvestcrops.They66pigsandchickens,plantedgardensandmilkedcows.Thisneedforsharedmaleandfemalelabor67aconstanttheme(主题)asfamiliesmovedtothefrontier,whereallfamilymembers'havingtowork6869scholarsstilldebatethenatureofwhitewomen'sstandingduringthecolonialperiod,manyofthemadmitthatcolonialwomen70somestandingintheirfamiliesandcommunities71theircontributionsweresoessential.Awomanmight72choresinthehomebutalsoassistherhusbandin73anewspaperorastore.Butthiscooperative(合作旳)approachdidnottranslateinto74rightsforwomen;instead,it7556.A.rootedB.rootingC.causedD.causing57.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where58.A.forB.asC.inD.along59.A.viewB.startC.enjoyD.spread60.A.trainedB.designedC.acquiredD.studied61.A.fewerB.fewC.lessD.little62.A.InspiteofB.InplaceofC.InsteadofD.Inneedof63.A.doB.didC.wereD.was64.A.forB.withC.toD.from65.A.sinceB.beforeC.althoughD.while66.A.raisedB.roseC.aroseD